Hard rock tunnel boring machine and method of construction thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a hard rock shield machine, which comprises a front shield, a middle shield and a bracing shield, the front shield is provided with front shield stabilizers, the front shield stabilizers comprise arc-shaped support shoes and at least two radial driving members hingedly connected with the arc-shaped support shoes, the middle shield is provided with middle shield stabilizers, and the bracing shield is provided with bracing stabilizers; in a tunneling working condition, all the front shield stabilizers and all the bracing stabilizers are extended to support the rock wall, and all the middle shield stabilizers are not extended; in a step-changing working condition, all the front shield stabilizers and all the middle shield stabilizers are extended to support the rock wall, and all the bracing stabilizers are not extended. The structure of the front shield stabilizers is optimized, the front shield stabilizers can provide greater support force, and the stability of the whole machine is good in both the tunneling and step-changing working conditions. The application further discloses a construction method of the hard rock shield machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock tunneling technology, and particularly to a hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM). This invention also relates to a construction method for a hard rock TBM. Background Technology

[0002] Hard rock tunnel boring machines are integrated equipment that combines rock breaking and tunneling, excavation and soil transportation, and segment support. They have advantages such as good stability, minimal disturbance to rock strata, and high safety, and are widely used in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower, railways, transportation, and urban underground engineering projects.

[0003] Hard rock tunnel boring machines typically include a cutterhead, main drive, front shield, middle shield, and tail shield. Since stability is a key factor in construction efficiency and safety, the front shield is usually equipped with a front shield stabilizer. However, due to the limitations of current technology, such stabilizers still have many shortcomings.

[0004] For example, there are two front shield stabilizers distributed on the front shield end face. The two front shield stabilizers are distributed at a 45° central angle along the circumference. A support block is provided between the two front shield stabilizers. The support block is hinged between the front shield stabilizer and the outer periphery of the front shield body to form an anchoring structure. Although it can firmly stabilize the front shield and provide support for the rear to advance, this type of stabilizer cannot make the whole machine advance forward.

[0005] For example, the front shield and the middle shield are connected by an anti-torque device. The front shield stabilizer is set radially in the mounting groove of the front shield. This type of front shield stabilizer is mostly supported by a single hydraulic cylinder, with a small contact area with the rock layer, insufficient support force, and unsatisfactory stability.

[0006] Therefore, the stabilizers of existing hard rock tunnel boring machines not only affect the forward tunneling of the entire machine, but also lack good stability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) that, by optimizing the structure of the front shield stabilizer, enables the front shield stabilizer to provide greater support force, thereby improving the overall stability of the machine under both tunneling and step-changing conditions. Another purpose of this invention is to provide a construction method for a hard rock TBM.

[0008] The hard rock tunnel boring machine provided by this invention includes a front shield, a middle shield, and a tensioning shield. The front shield is equipped with a front shield stabilizer, which includes an arc-shaped support shoe and at least two radial drive members hinged to the arc-shaped support shoe. The middle shield is equipped with a middle shield stabilizer, and the tensioning shield is equipped with a tensioning stabilizer. During tunneling, all front shield stabilizers and all tensioning stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, while all middle shield stabilizers do not extend. During step-changing operation, all front shield stabilizers and all middle shield stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, while all tensioning stabilizers do not extend.

[0009] Preferably, the front shield stabilizer further includes a radial guide fixed to the front shield and slidably abutting against the arc-shaped support shoe, for guiding the arc-shaped support shoe to extend and retract linearly in the radial direction.

[0010] Preferably, the front shield stabilizer further includes a limiting plate that is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped support shoe and slidably abuts against the radial guide. When the extension length of the arc-shaped support shoe reaches its maximum, the limiting component of the limiting plate abuts against the end face of the radial guide.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting component includes:

[0012] Limiting bolts that penetrate the limiting plate;

[0013] A limit nut fitted onto the tail of the limit bolt;

[0014] A bending limiting sleeve fitted onto a limiting bolt, with both ends abutting against the limiting nut and the limiting groove provided on the limiting plate, respectively; when the extension length of the arc-shaped support shoe reaches its maximum, the outer surface of the bending limiting sleeve abuts against the end face of the radial guide.

[0015] Preferably, the radial drive component is a radial drive cylinder, and the arc-shaped support shoe is integrally provided with a U-shaped hinge support. The U-shaped hinge support is hinged to the piston rod of each radial drive cylinder by a pin, and the pin is sleeved with a spacer to separate the U-shaped hinge support and the piston rod.

[0016] Preferably, a stop plate is detachably provided along the pin hole of the U-shaped hinge support, so that when the pin is inserted into the pin hole, the head of the pin abuts against the stop plate.

[0017] Preferably, a front partition is fixed to the end face of the front shield, and at least one set of front shield stabilizers is symmetrically arranged on the back of the front partition. At least one set of middle shield stabilizers is symmetrically arranged between the front support ring and the rear support ring of the middle shield, and each set of front shield stabilizers and each set of middle shield stabilizers are axially opposite each other.

[0018] Preferably, each set of front shield stabilizers is welded and fixed to the front bulkhead or power center ring.

[0019] Preferably, the front shield stabilizer also includes a pressure detection element for detecting the extension pressure of each radial drive element. Both the pressure detection element and the radial drive element are connected to the controller. When the extension pressure of the radial drive element is less than the preset pressure, the controller controls the radial drive element to continue to extend outward according to the signal feedback from the pressure detection until the extension pressure equals the preset pressure.

[0020] The construction method for the hard rock tunnel boring machine described in any one of the above claims provided by this invention includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. All the tensioning stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, the cutterhead digs forward, all the front shield stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, all the middle shield stabilizers do not extend, the telescopic cylinder between the tail shield and the tensioning shield extends outward, and the front shield, middle shield and tail shield dig forward with the cutterhead.

[0022] S2. The cutterhead stops tunneling, all front shield stabilizers and all middle shield stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, all tension stabilizers do not extend, the telescopic cylinders retract inward, and the tension shields move forward to change steps.

[0023] Compared to the prior art, the hard rock tunnel boring machine provided by this invention includes a front shield, a middle shield, and a tensioning shield. The front shield is equipped with a front shield stabilizer, which includes an arc-shaped support shoe and at least two radial drive members. All radial drive members are hinged to the arc-shaped support shoe, meaning that one arc-shaped support shoe is driven simultaneously by multiple radial drive members. Compared to existing single-cylinder support shoes, the arc-shaped support shoe has a larger contact area with the rock wall, greater support force, can withstand greater reaction force, and has better stability. Furthermore, since each radial drive member is hinged to the arc-shaped support shoe, the deflection angle of the connected arc-shaped support shoe can be adjusted by adjusting the extension length of each radial drive member, allowing for more complete contact between the arc-shaped support shoe and the rock wall, further improving stability.

[0024] During tunneling, all front shield stabilizers and all the aforementioned tensioning stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, while all middle shield stabilizers remain stationary. This improved stability of the front shield stabilizers reduces vibrations caused by cutterhead rotation, ensuring overall stability during tunneling. During step-changing operations, all front shield stabilizers and all middle shield stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, while all tensioning stabilizers remain stationary. The optimized front shield stabilizers provide sufficient tensioning force, enabling stable step-changing with the tensioning shields.

[0025] Therefore, the hard rock tunnel boring machine provided by this invention optimizes the structure of the front shield stabilizer, providing sufficient support force for the whole machine under both tunneling and step-changing conditions, resulting in better stability.

[0026] The technical solution of the construction method for the hard rock tunnel boring machine provided by this invention is the same as the technical solution of the hard rock tunnel boring machine provided by this invention, and has the same beneficial effects, so it will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1This is a front sectional view of a hard rock tunnel boring machine provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the image;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part B in the image;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Half-section view of the central frontal shield;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial sectional view;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of part C;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A half-cross-section of the shield;

[0035] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of part of D.

[0036] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0037] Front shield stabilizer 1, front shield 2, middle shield 3, middle shield stabilizer 4, tail shield 5, tension shield 6, power center ring 7, and front bulkhead 8;

[0038] Arc-shaped support shoe 11, radial drive component 12, radial guide component 13, limiting plate 14, and limiting assembly 15;

[0039] U-shaped hinge support 111, pin 112, spacer 113 and stop plate 114;

[0040] Limiting bolt 151, limiting nut 152 and bending limiting sleeve 153.

[0041] The arrows in the attached diagram indicate the direction of tunneling. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of a hard rock tunnel boring machine provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A in the image; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part B in the image; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Half-section view of the central frontal shield; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial sectional view; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of part C; Figure 7 for Figure 1 A half-cross-section of the shield; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of part of D.

[0045] This invention discloses a hard rock tunnel boring machine. By optimizing the structure of the front shield stabilizer 1, the front shield stabilizer 1 can provide greater support force, so that the stability of the whole machine is better in both tunneling and step-changing working conditions.

[0046] The aforementioned hard rock tunnel boring machine includes a front shield 2, a middle shield 3, a tail shield 5, and a tensioning shield 6. The front shield 2 houses a main drive unit connected to the cutterhead, providing power for its rotation. The front shield 2 and the middle shield 3 are connected via a hinged hydraulic cylinder, allowing axial relative movement between them. The middle shield 3 and the tail shield 5 are rigidly connected by welding. The tail shield 5 and the tensioning shield 6 are connected via a telescopic hydraulic cylinder.

[0047] The front shield 2 is equipped with a front shield stabilizer 1, which includes an arc-shaped support shoe 11 and at least two radial drive members 12. All radial drive members 12 are hinged to the arc-shaped support shoe 11, meaning that one arc-shaped support shoe 11 is driven simultaneously by multiple radial drive members 12. Compared to existing single-cylinder support shoes, the arc-shaped support shoe 11 has a larger contact area with the rock wall, greater support force, can withstand greater reaction force, and has better stability. In addition, since each radial drive member 12 is hinged to the arc-shaped support shoe 11, the deflection angle of the connected arc-shaped support shoe 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the extension length of each radial drive member 12, allowing for more complete contact between the arc-shaped support shoe 11 and the rock wall, further improving stability.

[0048] The radial drive component 12 is specifically a radial drive cylinder, hydraulically driven, which provides greater support force for the arc-shaped support shoe 11. The front shield stabilizer 1 is specifically a multi-cylinder stabilizer. Of course, the type of radial drive component 12 is not limited to this. It should be noted that the maximum extension length of the radial drive cylinder is less than the mechanical limit stroke of the arc-shaped support shoe 11, ensuring that the arc-shaped support shoe 11 can fully extend and press against the rock wall.

[0049] The arc-shaped support boot 11 includes an arc-shaped top plate and left and right side plates symmetrically fixed to both sides of the arc-shaped top plate, wherein the left and right side plates are parallel to the front partition plate 8. The curvature of the arc-shaped top plate is consistent with the curvature of the shield body of the front shield 2, so as to prevent the arc-shaped support boot 11 from protruding outward and affecting the movement of the front shield 2. After assembling the front shield stabilizer 1, all radial drive components 12 need to be zero-position adjusted to ensure that the outer surface of the arc-shaped support boot 11 is flush with the outer surface of the front shield 2. At this time, the extension of each radial drive component 12 is set to zero, so as to ensure that the arc-shaped support boot 11 does not protrude from the shield body of the front shield 2.

[0050] A front partition 8 is fixedly mounted on the end face of the front shield 2, and at least one set of front shield stabilizers 1 are symmetrically arranged on the back of the front partition 8 to ensure uniform force distribution on the front shield 2. Specifically, a set of front shield stabilizers 1 is symmetrically arranged on each side of the vertical centerline of the front partition 8. The fixed ends of the radial drive components 12 of each set of front shield stabilizers 1 can be welded to the front partition 8 or the power center ring 7, making the structure of the front shield stabilizer 1 more stable and providing greater support force. The power center ring 7 mentioned in the text is coaxially located at the center of the front partition 8 and is used to support the main drive.

[0051] The middle shield 3 is equipped with a middle shield stabilizer 4. Due to space constraints, and to prevent it from being affected by the rotation of the cutter head, the middle shield stabilizer 4 is specifically a single-cylinder stabilizer. At least one set of middle shield stabilizers 4 is symmetrically arranged between the front support ring and the rear support ring of the middle shield 3. Specifically, one set of middle shield stabilizers 4 is symmetrically arranged on each side of the vertical centerline of the middle shield 3. Each set of front shield stabilizers 1 and each set of middle shield stabilizers 4 are axially opposite each other, so that the stress points of the front shield 2 and the middle shield 3 are the same, avoiding torsion caused by different stresses on the front shield 2 and the middle shield 3.

[0052] The tension shield 6 is equipped with a tension stabilizer. The specific structure of the tension stabilizer can be found in existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] During tunneling, all front shield stabilizers 1 and all the aforementioned tensioning stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, while all the middle shield stabilizers 4 remain stationary. The improved stability of the front shield stabilizers 1 reduces vibrations caused by the cutterhead rotation, ensuring stability during tunneling. During step-changing operations, all front shield stabilizers 1 and all the middle shield stabilizers 4 extend to support the rock wall, while all the tensioning stabilizers remain stationary. The optimized front shield stabilizers 1 provide sufficient tensioning force, enabling stable step-changing with the tensioning shield 6.

[0054] In summary, the hard rock tunnel boring machine provided by this invention can provide sufficient support force and better stability in both tunneling and step-changing conditions.

[0055] The front shield stabilizer 1 also includes a radial guide 13. The shield body of the front shield 2 has a through clearance hole for avoiding the arc-shaped support shoe 11. The radial guide 13 is fixed to the inner side of the shield body of the front shield 2 and is fixedly connected to the edge of the clearance hole. The radial guide 13 can be plate-shaped and parallel to the radial direction of the front shield 2. One end of the arc-shaped support shoe 11 is slidably abutted against the radial guide 13, and the other end is slidably abutted against the front partition 8, so that the radial guide 13 and the front partition 8 cooperate to form a guide slide. The arc-shaped support shoe 11 is slidably mounted on the guide slide to guide the arc-shaped support shoe 11 to extend and retract linearly in the radial direction, ensuring that each radial drive component 12 extends and retracts synchronously, avoiding jamming of the arc-shaped support shoe 11, reducing the failure rate, and making the front shield stabilizer 1 work more stably and reliably. A reinforcing plate is fixed on the side of the radial guide 13 away from the arc-shaped support shoe 11 to improve the bending strength of the radial guide 13.

[0056] The front shield stabilizer 1 also includes a limiting plate 14 fixedly connected to the arc-shaped support shoe 11. Due to the radial arrangement of the front shield 2, the limiting plate 14 is slidably pressed against the radial guide member 13. A limiting component 15 is fixedly provided at the end of the limiting plate 14 away from the arc-shaped support shoe 11. When the extension length of the arc-shaped support shoe 11 reaches its maximum, the limiting component 15 abuts against the end face of the radial guide member 13, preventing the arc-shaped support shoe 11 from extending further outward, thus avoiding excessive stroke of the arc-shaped support shoe 11 and effectively protecting the radial drive member 12. In addition, the setting of the limiting component 15 can also limit the deflection angle of the arc-shaped support shoe 11 to a certain extent, preventing the arc-shaped support shoe 11 from jamming and improving the stability of the front shield stabilizer 1.

[0057] The limiting assembly 15 preferably includes a limiting bolt 151, a limiting nut 152, and a bending limiting sleeve 153. The limiting bolt 151 passes vertically through the limiting plate 14, and the limiting nut 152 is fitted onto the tail of the limiting bolt 151 for locking. The bending limiting sleeve 153 is fitted onto the limiting bolt 151. The limiting plate 14 has a limiting groove on the side near the radial limiting sleeve. The two ends of the bending limiting sleeve 153 abut against the limiting nut 152 and the limiting groove, respectively, for axially limiting the bending limiting sleeve 153. When the extension length of the arc-shaped support shoe 11 reaches its maximum, the outer surface of the bending limiting sleeve 153 abuts against the end face of the radial guide 13, preventing the arc-shaped support shoe 11 from extending further outward. The setting of the bending limiting sleeve 153 can improve the bending strength of the limiting bolt 151, prevent the limiting bolt 151 from being subjected to excessive shear stress and breaking, and make the limiting assembly 15 more reliable.

[0058] Of course, the limiting bolt 151 can also directly abut against the end face of the radial guide 13, or a limiting flange that abuts against the end face of the radial guide 13 can be integrally provided on the free end of the limiting plate 14, both of which can achieve the purpose of the present invention.

[0059] The bottom of the arc-shaped support shoe 11 is integrally provided with a U-shaped hinge support 111. The U-shaped hinge support 111 is hinged to the piston rod of each radial drive cylinder via a pin 112. The pin 112 is fitted with a spacer 113 to separate the U-shaped hinge support 111 from the piston rod. The spacer 113 is a wear-resistant sleeve to reduce the amount of wear between the U-shaped hinge support 111 and the piston rod, thereby extending the service life of the arc-shaped support shoe 11 and the radial drive cylinder. Specifically, the pin 112 is fitted with two spacers 113, which are located on both sides of the piston rod.

[0060] The U-shaped hinge support 111 has a pin hole through which the pin 112 passes. A stop plate 114 is detachably installed along the edge of the pin hole. When the pin 112 is inserted into the pin hole, the head of the pin 112 abuts against the stop plate 114, preventing the pin 112 from being completely drilled into the pin hole and facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the pin 112. The stop plate 114 is specifically fixed to the edge of the pin hole by fastening screws.

[0061] The front shield stabilizer 1 also includes a pressure detection device for detecting the extension pressure of each radial drive member 12. The pressure detection device can be a pressure sensor. Both the pressure detection device and the radial drive member 12 are connected to the controller. When the extension pressure of the radial drive member 12 is less than the preset pressure, the controller controls the radial drive member 12 to continue to extend outward according to the trigger signal fed back by the pressure detection device until the extension pressure is equal to the preset pressure. In this way, the deflection angle of the arc support shoe 11 can be automatically adjusted when the arc support shoe 11 abuts against the rock wall, so that the arc support shoe 11 is in maximum contact with the rock wall.

[0062] This invention also discloses a construction method applied to the above-mentioned hard rock tunnel boring machine, the steps of which include:

[0063] S1. All the tensioning stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, and the cutterhead digs forward. All the front shield stabilizers 1 extend to support the rock wall, reducing the vibration generated by the rotation of the cutterhead and keeping the whole machine stable during digging. All the middle shield stabilizers 4 do not extend, and the telescopic cylinder between the tail shield and the tensioning shield 6 extends outward. The front shield 2, middle shield 3 and the tail shield 5 dig forward with the cutterhead.

[0064] S2. The cutterhead stops tunneling. All front shield stabilizers 1 extend to support the rock wall and fix the front shield 2. All middle shield stabilizers 4 extend to support the rock wall and fix the middle shield 3. All tension stabilizers do not extend. The telescopic cylinder between the shield tail and the tension shield 6 retracts inward. The tension shield 6 moves forward to change steps.

[0065] The technical solution of the construction method for the hard rock tunnel boring machine provided by this invention is the same as the technical solution of the hard rock tunnel boring machine provided by this invention, and has the same beneficial effects, so it will not be repeated here.

[0066] The hard rock tunnel boring machine and its construction method provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hard rock tunnel boring machine, characterized in that, It includes a front shield (2), a middle shield (3), a tail shield (5), and a support shield (6). The front shield (2) is equipped with a front shield stabilizer (1). The front shield (2) and the middle shield (3) are connected by a hinged hydraulic cylinder, so that the front shield (2) and the middle shield (3) can move axially relative to each other. The middle shield (3) and the tail shield (5) are rigidly connected by welding. The tail shield (5) and the support shield (6) are connected by a telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The front shield stabilizer (1) includes an arc-shaped support shoe (11) and at least two radial drive members (12) hinged to the arc-shaped support shoe (11); each radial drive member (12) is hinged to the arc-shaped support shoe (11), and the deflection angle of the connected arc-shaped support shoe (11) is adjusted by adjusting the extension length of each radial drive member (12); The middle shield (3) is equipped with a middle shield stabilizer (4), and the tension shield (6) is equipped with a tension stabilizer; under tunneling conditions, all the front shield stabilizers (1) and all the tension stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, while all the middle shield stabilizers (4) do not extend; under step-changing conditions, all the front shield stabilizers (1) and all the middle shield stabilizers (4) extend to support the rock wall, while all the tension stabilizers do not extend; The front shield (2) is fixedly provided with a front partition (8) on its end face, and at least one set of front shield stabilizers (1) is symmetrically provided on the back of the front partition (8); the arc-shaped support boot (11) includes an arc-shaped top plate and a left side plate and a right side plate respectively symmetrically fixed on both sides of the arc-shaped top plate, wherein the left side plate and the right side plate are parallel to the front partition (8); the arc of the arc-shaped top plate is consistent with the arc of the shield body of the front shield (2); The front shield stabilizer (1) further includes a radial guide (13) fixed to the front shield (2) and slidably abutting against the arc-shaped support boot (11) for guiding the arc-shaped support boot (11) to extend and retract linearly in the radial direction; one end of the arc-shaped support boot (11) slidably abuts against the radial guide (13), and the other end slidably abuts against the front partition (8).

2. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front shield stabilizer (1) also includes a limiting plate (14) that is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped support shoe (11) and slidably close to the radial guide (13). When the extension length of the arc-shaped support shoe (11) reaches its maximum, the limiting component (15) provided on the limiting plate (14) abuts against the end face of the radial guide (13).

3. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting component (15) includes: Limiting bolt (151) passing through the limiting plate (14); A limiting nut (152) fitted onto the tail of the limiting bolt (151); A bending limiting sleeve (153) is fitted onto the limiting bolt (151) and its two ends abut against the limiting nut (152) and the limiting groove provided on the limiting plate (14), respectively; when the extension length of the arc-shaped support shoe (11) reaches its maximum, the outer side of the bending limiting sleeve (153) abuts against the end face of the radial guide (13).

4. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The radial drive component (12) is specifically a radial drive cylinder. The arc-shaped support shoe (11) is integrally provided with a U-shaped hinge support (111). The U-shaped hinge support (111) is hinged to the piston rod of each radial drive cylinder through a pin (112). The pin (112) is sleeved with a spacer (113) for separating the U-shaped hinge support (111) from the piston rod.

5. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pin hole of the U-shaped hinge support (111) is detachably provided with a stop plate (114). When the pin (112) is inserted into the pin hole, the head of the pin (112) abuts against the stop plate (114).

6. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The front shield (2) is fixed with a front partition (8) on its end face. At least one set of front shield stabilizers (1) is symmetrically provided on the back of the front partition (8). At least one set of middle shield stabilizers (4) is symmetrically provided between the front support ring and the rear support ring of the middle shield (3). Each set of front shield stabilizers (1) and each set of middle shield stabilizers (4) are axially opposite to each other.

7. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned front shield stabilizers (1) is welded and fixed to the front bulkhead (8) or the power center ring (7).

8. The hard rock tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The front shield stabilizer (1) also includes a pressure detection device for detecting the extension pressure of each radial drive member (12). The pressure detection device and the radial drive member (12) are both connected to the controller. When the extension pressure of the radial drive member (12) is less than the preset pressure, the controller controls the radial drive member (12) to continue to extend outward according to the signal detected and fed back by the pressure detection device until the extension pressure is equal to the preset pressure.

9. A construction method for a hard rock tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the steps include... include: S1. All the tensioning stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, the cutterhead digs forward, all the front shield stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, all the middle shield stabilizers do not extend, the telescopic cylinder between the tail shield and the tensioning shield extends outward, and the front shield, middle shield and tail shield dig forward with the cutterhead. S2. The cutterhead stops tunneling, all the front shield stabilizers and all the middle shield stabilizers extend to support the rock wall, all the tensioning stabilizers do not extend, the telescopic cylinder retracts inward, and the tensioning shield moves forward to change steps.

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