A measurement method for reverse hierarchical control of existing railway precision measurement networks

Abstract

This invention discloses a measurement method for reverse hierarchical control of an existing railway precision measurement network, comprising: measuring the CPIII control stakes on the line and simultaneously measuring the denser CPII control stakes and denser leveling points on the line; selecting a first constraint point to adjust the measurement data of the denser CPII control stakes and denser leveling points on the line to obtain temporary plane results of the denser CPII control stakes and temporary elevation results of the denser leveling points on the line; using the temporary plane results of the denser CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation results of the denser leveling points on the line to adjust the measured temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the offline design control network to obtain the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network; selecting a second constraint point to adjust the offline design control network to obtain the verification plane results and verification elevation results of the offline design control network; comparing the two results of the offline design control network, if they are consistent, they are the final plane results and final elevation results of the design control network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the measurement of track control network establishment during the operation and maintenance phase of existing railways, and particularly to a measurement method for reverse hierarchical control of existing railway precision measurement networks. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, railway control networks require "three-network integration," meaning the coordinate and elevation systems and starting benchmarks of the offline engineering construction control network, track construction control network, and operation and maintenance control network are unified. Simultaneously, high-speed railway tracks must possess extremely high smoothness, with accuracy maintained within millimeter levels. The measurement methods currently used in domestic and international railway control networks are conventional hierarchical measurement and step-by-step control methods. This involves calculating the horizontal and vertical data of the online track control network using the horizontal and vertical data of the offline control network. The offline design control network uses the offline CPI and CPII control stakes as benchmarks. By measuring the horizontal and vertical data of each offline CPI and CPII control stake, the horizontal and vertical results of the entire offline control network are obtained. Then, the horizontal and vertical results of the online track control network are calculated.

[0003] During the operation and maintenance phase of existing railways, it is common to encounter situations where control stakes for the control network are missing or damaged. This is especially true when control stakes are severely missing or damaged, making it impossible to obtain effective horizontal and vertical data for the offline control network. This makes it impossible to conduct measurements according to the conventional hierarchical surveying and control sequence. The conventional approach is to abandon the severely missing control network along the existing railway line, re-lay control stakes along the entire line, and then conduct hierarchical surveys to establish a new control network step by step. This results in a large amount of surveying and construction work, a long construction period, and high costs for rebuilding the new control network. Furthermore, because the original control network is discarded, the newly built control network often has poor compatibility with the existing railway line and cannot fully reflect its original condition. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method that approximates the original control network state to the greatest extent possible. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A measurement method for reverse hierarchical control of existing railway precision measurement networks, applied to operational railway control networks where control stakes are lost or severely damaged, includes:

[0006] The online CPIII control stakes in the online track control network are measured and connected to the online densified CPII control stakes and online densified leveling points to obtain the temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the online CPIII control stakes, the temporary plane data of the online densified CPII control stakes, and the temporary elevation data of the online densified leveling points.

[0007] Using the plane data and elevation data of the selected first constraint point as constraints, the temporary plane data of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation data of the online densified leveling points are adjusted to obtain the temporary plane results of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation results of the online densified leveling points.

[0008] Using the temporary plane results of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation results of the online densified leveling points as constraints, the temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the measured offline design control network are adjusted to obtain the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network.

[0009] Using the plane and elevation data of the selected second constraint point as constraints, adjustments are made with the temporary plane and temporary elevation data of the offline design control network to obtain the verification plane and verification elevation results of the offline design control network.

[0010] The verification plane and verification elevation results of the offline design control network are compared with the temporary plane and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network, respectively. If the results are consistent, it means that the temporary plane and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network are the final plane and final elevation results of the offline design control network.

[0011] Preferably, using the final planar and final elevation results of the offline design control network as constraints, the temporary planar data of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation data of the online densified leveling points are adjusted to obtain the final planar results of the online densified CPII control stakes and the final elevation results of the online densified leveling points; using the final planar and final elevation results of the online densified CPII control stakes as constraints, the temporary planar and temporary elevation data of the online CPIII control stakes are adjusted to obtain the final planar and final elevation results of the online CPIII control stakes.

[0012] Preferably, before measuring the online CPIII control stakes, the missing control stakes need to be re-buried as required.

[0013] Preferably, the online track control network includes the online CPIII control stakes, the online densified CPII control stakes, and the online densified leveling points.

[0014] Preferably, the offline design control network includes offline CPI control stakes and offline CPII control stakes, and the temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the offline design control network are respectively composed of the temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the offline CPI control stakes and the offline CPII control stakes.

[0015] Preferably, the first constraint point is the CPIII control stake on the original line that meets the accuracy requirements, and the second constraint point is the CPI control stake and the CPII control stake on the original line that meet the accuracy requirements, selected from the control stakes at the starting and intermediate positions of the railway line.

[0016] Preferably, when measuring the temporary plane data of the offline design control network, the online densified CPII control stakes are measured together; when measuring the temporary elevation data of the offline design control network, the online densified leveling points are measured together.

[0017] Preferably, when comparing the verification plane results and verification elevation results of the offline design control network with the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network, if the results are inconsistent, the second constraint point is reselected, and the verification plane results and verification elevation results are recalculated and compared with the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results to make the comparison results consistent.

[0018] Preferably, if the comparison results are inconsistent when all the required second constraint points are selected, the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network are checked to identify abnormal control piles, and the abnormal control piles are re-buried and measured.

[0019] Preferably, the abnormal control stake refers to a control stake whose horizontal or vertical data exceeds the required tolerance range.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the solution provided in this application are:

[0021] This application provides a measurement method for reverse hierarchical control of an existing railway precision survey network. It only replaces missing control stakes while retaining intact control stakes on the existing track line, reducing the construction and surveying work required for building new control stakes along the entire line, shortening the construction period, and saving construction and surveying costs. The method uses the plane and elevation results of the existing track line's control stakes to adjust the plane and elevation results of the current control network, ensuring that the new control network results are as close as possible to the original control network results, have better matching with the original line, and conform to the geometric state of the existing track line. This yields the optimal track lifting and shifting amount, reducing subsequent maintenance and repair costs based on the control network. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.

[0023] in:

[0024] Figure 1This is a flowchart of a measurement method for reverse hierarchical control of an existing railway precision measurement network provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a network diagram of the track control network on the measurement line provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a network diagram of a measurement line design control network provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Various examples are provided by way of explanation and not by way of limitation. In fact, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the scope or spirit thereof. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, it is desirable that the present application encompass such modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0028] Combination Figure 1 This application provides a measurement method for reverse hierarchical control of an existing railway precision measurement network, the method comprising:

[0029] S101: Measure the online CPIII control stakes in the online track control network and connect them with the online densified CPII control stakes and online densified leveling points to obtain the temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the online CPIII control stakes, the temporary plane data of the online densified CPII control stakes, and the temporary elevation data of the online densified leveling points.

[0030] Figure 2 To measure the CPIII control stakes along the line using a total station and simultaneously connect them to the network of additional CPII control stakes, a free-station traverse survey was conducted on the CPIII control stakes. This yielded temporary plane data for both the CPIII and additional CPII control stakes. A leveling instrument was used to perform a leveling loop survey on the CPIII control stakes, simultaneously connecting them to additional leveling points. This yielded temporary elevation data for both the CPIII and additional leveling points. Plane data refers to the coordinates of the control stake on the horizontal plane. For example, if the plane coordinates of a control stake are (X, Y), then (X, Y) is the plane data for that control stake. Elevation data refers to the height difference between the control stake or additional leveling point and the ground plane. For example, if the height difference between the control stake with plane coordinates (X, Y) and the ground plane is Z, then Z is the elevation data for that control stake.

[0031] S102: Using the plane data and elevation data of the selected first constraint point as constraints, adjust the temporary plane data of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation data of the online densified leveling points respectively to obtain the temporary plane results of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation results of the online densified leveling points.

[0032] It is understandable that the so-called original CPIII control stakes refer to existing CPIII control stakes other than those newly installed. The first constraint point is an existing CPIII control stake whose accuracy meets the requirements of the "High-Speed ​​Railway Engineering Surveying Specification" (TB10601-2009). Specifically, the elevation data of the original CPIII control stakes that meet the accuracy requirements are used to perform adjustment calculations on the temporary elevation data of the online densified leveling points. The adjustment calculations are completed using licensed adjustment software, resulting in temporary plane results for the online densified CPIII control stakes and temporary elevation results for the online densified leveling points. The so-called planar result refers to the data obtained after adjusting the planar data of control stakes and constraint points. For example, if the planar coordinates of the control stake are (X, Y) and the planar coordinates of the constraint points are (X1, Y1), adjusting (X, Y) using (X1, Y1) yields (X2, Y2), which is the planar result of the control stake. Similarly, the elevation result is the data obtained after adjusting the elevation data of control stakes or leveling points and constraint points. The principle is the same as for the planar result, so it will not be elaborated further. Adjustment is a data processing method that reduces the error of measured values ​​and outputs the optimal estimate. It is performed by adjustment software. This paper uses the original control stake data to adjust the measured values ​​to improve the accuracy of the measurement data and make the output optimal evaluation result closer to the original control stake result.

[0033] S103: Using the temporary plane results of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation results of the online densified leveling points as constraints, adjust the temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the measured offline design control network to obtain the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network.

[0034] Understandably, for example, the methods for obtaining temporary horizontal and vertical data for the offline design control network are as follows: GPS static surveying is used to measure the offline design CPI and CPII control stakes, while simultaneously connecting and densifying the CPII control stakes along the line to obtain temporary horizontal data for the offline design control network. Second-order leveling is used to measure the offline design CPI and CPII control stakes, while simultaneously using second-order leveling (general roadbed sections) or trigonometric leveling (bridge sections) to connect and densify the leveling points along the line to obtain temporary vertical data for the offline design control network. The temporary horizontal data from the offline design control network and the temporary vertical data from the densified CPII control stakes and leveling points are then used to perform adjustment calculations, respectively, to obtain the temporary horizontal and vertical results for the offline design control network. The adjustment calculations are performed using licensed adjustment software.

[0035] S104: Using the plane and elevation data of the selected second constraint point as constraints, adjust them with the temporary plane and temporary elevation data of the offline design control network to obtain the verification plane and verification elevation results of the offline design control network.

[0036] It is understandable that the plane and elevation data of the control stakes in the original offline design control network, which meet the requirements of the specifications for relative accuracy, are selected to adjust the temporary plane and temporary elevation data of the offline design control network, so as to obtain the verification plane and verification elevation results of the offline design control network.

[0037] S105: Compare the verification plane results and verification elevation results of the offline design control network with the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network, respectively. If the results are consistent, it means that the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network are the final plane results and final elevation results of the offline design control network.

[0038] It is understandable that the temporary plane and elevation results of the offline design control network are verified and compared with the final plane and elevation results of the offline design control network. If the results are consistent, it indicates that the accuracy of the temporary plane and elevation results of the offline design control network meets the specifications. If the results are inconsistent, the plane and elevation data of the control stakes in the original offline design control network that meet the specifications are re-selected to adjust the temporary plane and elevation data of the offline design control network. The results are then compared with the temporary plane and elevation results of the design control network. If there are still differences, the temporary plane and elevation results of each control stake in the temporary plane and elevation results of the offline design control network are re-examined, and control stakes with larger errors are selected for re-installation and re-measurement. The obtained data is then updated in step S103 until consistency is achieved. The so-called original offline design control network refers to the offline control network used by the railway line before the control stakes were installed.

[0039] The reverse hierarchical control measurement method provided in this application differs from the conventional process of deriving the results of the offline design control network (i.e., offline CPI control stakes and offline CPII control stakes) into the results of the online track control network. Instead, it reverses the process by deriving the results of the offline CPI control stakes and offline CPII control stakes from the results of the online CPIII control stakes. It uses the data from the original track line control network to adjust the measurement data of the newly built network, making the control network results of the new network closer to the results of the original track line control network, better matching the original track line, and conforming to the geometric state of the original track line. This results in obtaining the optimal track lifting and shifting amount, saving subsequent maintenance costs.

[0040] Using the final planar and elevation results of the offline design control network as constraints, the temporary planar data of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation data of the online densified leveling points are adjusted to obtain the final planar and elevation results of the online densified CPII control stakes; using the final planar and elevation results of the online densified CPII control stakes as constraints, the temporary planar and temporary elevation data of the online CPIII control stakes are adjusted to obtain the final planar and elevation results of the online CPIII control stakes.

[0041] It is understandable that after the reverse hierarchical control measurements of S101 to S105, the final planar and elevation results of the offline design control network are obtained. Then, the conventional hierarchical control steps can be used to obtain the final results of the online track control network, namely the final planar results of the online densified CPII control stakes, the final elevation results of the online densified leveling points, and the final planar and elevation results of the online CPIII control stakes. Finally, the control network results at each level of the newly constructed network are determined, completing the surveying and network construction of existing railways with missing or severely damaged control stakes.

[0042] Before measuring the online CPIII control stakes, the missing control stakes need to be re-buried as required.

[0043] It is understandable that before establishing the survey network, missing control stakes need to be re-installed. This re-installation includes all missing control stakes in both the online and offline control networks, including: online densification of CPII and CPIII control stakes, densification of leveling points, and offline design CPI and CPII control stakes. The re-installation is carried out according to the requirements of the "High-Speed ​​Railway Engineering Surveying Specification" (TB10601-2009). For example, offline CPI control stakes are generally spaced 4km apart along the line, and offline CPI control stakes are generally spaced 600-800m apart along the line. The locations should be open and unobstructed, facilitating GNSS satellite signal reception without interference, forming a strip-shaped offline design control network along the line. Track control points are set up approximately every 60 meters along the existing conventional railway lines at the contact wire poles, forming a strip-shaped online track control network. Re-installing only missing control stakes while retaining existing ones reduces the workload and construction period of the new network, saving significant labor and material costs.

[0044] The online track control network includes the online CPIII control stakes, the online densified CPII control stakes, and the online densified leveling points.

[0045] The offline design control network includes all offline CPI control stakes and all offline CPII control stakes. The temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the offline design control network are respectively composed of the temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the offline CPI control stakes and the offline CPII control stakes.

[0046] It is understandable that the control network includes the online track control network and the offline design control network. The online track control network includes all online CPIII control stakes, online densified CPII control stakes, and online densified leveling points; the offline design control network includes all offline CPI control stakes and offline CPII control stakes. Therefore, the temporary plane and temporary elevation data of the offline design control network are respectively composed of the plane and elevation data of all offline CPI control stakes and offline CPII control stakes.

[0047] The first constraint point is the CPIII control stake on the original line that meets the accuracy requirements, and the second constraint point is the control stake in the control network on the original line that meets the accuracy requirements. The control stakes are selected from the control stakes at the starting and intermediate positions of the railway line.

[0048] It's understandable that constraint points should be selected as much as possible at the beginning and middle positions of the railway line to ensure that there are constraint points selected at each position, thus making the selection more representative. The so-called original line control network refers to the line control network used before the control stakes were installed.

[0049] Figure 2 The network diagram of the CPI control stakes and CPII control stakes on the offline design control network is established by connecting them to the denser CPII control stakes on the online network. When measuring the temporary plane data of the offline design control network, the denser CPII control stakes on the online network are connected to the online network; when measuring the temporary elevation data of the offline design control network, the denser leveling points on the online network are connected to the online network.

[0050] An abnormal control stake is one in which either the horizontal or vertical data of the control stake exceeds the required tolerance range.

[0051] It is understandable that exceeding the required tolerance range refers to exceeding the deviation range required in the "Specifications for Surveying and Mapping of High-Speed ​​Railway Engineering" (TB10601-2009). Abnormal control stakes are the cause of inconsistencies between the temporary plane and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network and the verified plane and elevation results. If the results remain inconsistent, it is necessary to re-measure the abnormal control stakes, add the measurement data of the re-measured control stakes to the temporary plane and temporary elevation data of the offline design control network, and then update the data and results in step S103 and subsequent steps.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A measurement method for reverse hierarchical control of existing railway precision measurement networks, applied to operational railway control networks where control stakes are lost or severely damaged, characterized in that... The method includes: The online CPIII control stakes in the online track control network are measured and connected to the online densified CPII control stakes and online densified leveling points to obtain the temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the online CPIII control stakes, the temporary plane data of the online densified CPII control stakes, and the temporary elevation data of the online densified leveling points. Using the plane data and elevation data of the selected first constraint point as constraints, the temporary plane data of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation data of the online densified leveling points are adjusted to obtain the temporary plane results of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation results of the online densified leveling points. Using the temporary plane results of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation results of the online densified leveling points as constraints, the temporary plane data and temporary elevation data of the measured offline design control network are adjusted to obtain the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network. Using the plane and elevation data of the selected second constraint point as constraints, the temporary plane and temporary elevation data of the offline design control network are adjusted to obtain the verification plane and verification elevation results of the offline design control network. The verification planar and elevation results of the offline design control network are compared with the temporary planar and elevation results of the offline design control network, respectively. If the results are consistent, the temporary planar and elevation results of the offline design control network are determined as the final planar and elevation results of the offline design control network.

2. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Using the final planar and final elevation results of the offline design control network as constraints, the temporary planar data of the online densified CPII control stakes and the temporary elevation data of the online densified leveling points are adjusted to obtain the final planar results of the online densified CPII control stakes and the final elevation results of the online densified leveling points. Using the final planar and final elevation results of the online encrypted CPII control stakes as constraints, the temporary planar and temporary elevation data of the online CPIII control stakes are adjusted to obtain the final planar and final elevation results of the online CPIII control stakes.

3. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before measuring the online CPIII control stakes, the method also includes the requirement to re-bury any missing control stakes as required.

4. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The online track control network includes all the online CPIII control stakes, all the online densified CPII control stakes, and all the online densified leveling points.

5. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The offline design control network includes all offline CPI control stakes and all offline CPII control stakes.

6. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first constraint point is the CPIII control stake on the original line that meets the accuracy requirements, and the second constraint point is the CPI control stake and the CPII control stake on the original line that meet the accuracy requirements. The first constraint point and the second constraint point are selected from the original control stakes laid out at the starting and intermediate positions of the actual railway line.

7. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When measuring the temporary plane data of the offline design control network, the online densified CPII control stakes are connected for measurement; when measuring the temporary elevation data of the offline design control network, the online densified leveling points are connected for measurement.

8. The measurement method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, When comparing the verification plane results and verification elevation results of the offline design control network with the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network, if the results are inconsistent, the second constraint point is reselected, and the adjustment calculation is re-performed to obtain the verification plane results and verification elevation results, which are then compared with the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results to ensure that the comparison results are consistent.

9. The measurement method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, If the comparison results are inconsistent when all the required second constraint points are selected, the temporary plane results and temporary elevation results of the offline design control network are checked to identify abnormal control piles, and the abnormal control piles are re-buried and measured.

10. The measurement method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The abnormal control stake refers to a control stake whose horizontal or vertical data exceeds the required tolerance range.

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