Techniques for Cross-Band Channel Prediction and Reporting

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment may receive a reference signal in a first frequency band of a first frequency range; perform measurements of the reference signal; determine a predicted measurement value in a second frequency band of a second frequency range using a model and at least partially based on the measurement value of the reference signal received in the first frequency band of the first frequency range; and transmit measurement information for the second frequency band at least partially based on the predicted measurement value. Many other aspects are provided.

Description

[0001] Cross - reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 046,310, filed on June 30, 2020, entitled "TECHNIQUES FOR CROSS - BAND CHANNEL PREDICTION AND REPORTING", and U.S. Non - Provisional Patent Application No. 17 / 305,014, filed on June 29, 2021, entitled "TECHNIQUES FOR CROSS - BAND CHANNEL PREDICTION AND REPORTING", which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Field of the Disclosure

[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications and relate to techniques and apparatus for cross - band channel prediction and reporting. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. A typical wireless communication system may employ a multiple access technology capable of supporting communication with multiple user equipments (UEs) by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or similar resources). Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single - Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC - FDMA) systems, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD - SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE - Advanced (LTE - A) is an enhanced set of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standards promulgated by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless network may include multiple base stations (BSs) that can support communication for multiple user equipments (UEs). A user equipment (UE) may communicate with a base station (BS) via a downlink and an uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE, while the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will be described in more detail herein, a BS may be referred to as a Node B, gNB, access point (AP), radio head, transmit - receive point (TRP), New Radio (NR) BS, 5G Node B, or the like.

[0006] The above multi-access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different user equipments to communicate at the municipal, national, regional, or even global level. New Radio (NR), which can also be referred to as 5G, is an enhanced set of the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, reducing costs, enhancing services, leveraging new spectrums, and better integrating with other open standards that use Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Cyclic Prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the Downlink (DL), and CP-OFDM and / or SC-FDM (e.g., also referred to as Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the Uplink (UL), as well as supporting beamforming, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation. With the increasing demand for mobile broadband access, further improvements to LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies are still useful. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a User Equipment (UE). The method may include receiving a reference signal in a first frequency band of a first frequency range. The method may include performing measurements of the reference signal. The method may include using a model and determining predicted measurement values in a second frequency band of a second frequency range based at least in part on the measured values of the reference signal received in the first frequency band of the first frequency range. The method may include transmitting measurement information for the second frequency band based at least in part on the predicted measurement values.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a User Equipment (UE) for wireless communication. The user equipment may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive a reference signal in a first frequency band of a first frequency range. The one or more processors may be configured to perform measurements of the reference signal. The one or more processors may be configured to use a model and determine predicted measurement values in a second frequency band of a second frequency range based at least in part on the measured values of the reference signal received in the first frequency band of the first frequency range. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit measurement information for the second frequency band based at least in part on the predicted measurement values.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions for wireless communication to be executed by a user equipment (UE). When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the one or more instructions may cause the UE to receive a reference signal in a first frequency band of a first frequency range. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the one or more instructions may cause the UE to perform measurements of the reference signal. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the one or more instructions may cause the UE to use a model and determine a predicted measurement value in a second frequency band of a second frequency range based at least in part on the measurement value of the reference signal received in the first frequency band of the first frequency range. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the one or more instructions may cause the UE to transmit measurement information for the second frequency band based at least in part on the predicted measurement value.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving a reference signal in a first frequency band of a first frequency range. The apparatus may include means for performing measurements of the reference signal. The apparatus may include means for using a model and determining a predicted measurement value in a second frequency band of a second frequency range based at least in part on the measurement value of the reference signal received in the first frequency band of the first frequency range. The apparatus may include means for transmitting measurement information for the second frequency band based at least in part on the predicted measurement value.

[0011] In some aspects, a wireless communication method performed by a UE may include performing measurements on a reference signal received in a first frequency range; using a model and determining a predicted measurement value in a second frequency range based at least in part on the measurement value of the reference signal received in the first frequency range; and transmitting measurement information for the second frequency range based at least in part on the predicted measurement value.

[0012] In a first aspect, the method includes transmitting a request for a reference signal in a first frequency range; and receiving the reference signal in the first frequency range based at least in part on the request.

[0013] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the model is a machine learning model that is trained based at least in part on a training set of measurement values in the first frequency range and measurement values in the second frequency range.

[0014] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the model receives as input information identifying at least one of: a measurement value, angle-of-arrival information of a channel associated with the reference signal, angle-of-departure information associated with the channel, an estimated power delay profile associated with the channel, or location information for the UE.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the model outputs information indicating one or more beam directions associated with the predicted measurement value.

[0016] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the method includes updating the model using a machine learning algorithm based at least in part on comparing the predicted measurement value with the observed measurement value in the second frequency range.

[0017] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the method includes transmitting at least a portion of the measurement information on an uplink control channel in the second frequency range.

[0018] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes an indication that the predicted measurement value is at least partially based on a predicted label.

[0019] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes a label indicating that the predicted measurement value is determined using the model.

[0020] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the method includes transmitting measurement information on an uplink control channel in the first frequency range.

[0021] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the measurement information includes measurement information for a measurement value of a reference signal received in the first frequency range, and the predicted measurement value in the second frequency range includes a predicted channel measurement value.

[0022] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal.

[0023] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the measurement is performed in the first frequency range.

[0024] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the measurement information identifies the predicted measurement value in the second frequency range.

[0025] In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to perform measurements on reference signals received in a first frequency range; determine predicted measurement values in a second frequency range using a model and at least partially based on the measurement values of the reference signals received in the first frequency range; and transmit measurement information for the second frequency range at least partially based on the predicted measurement values.

[0026] In a first aspect, the UE may transmit a request for a reference signal within a first frequency range; and receive the reference signal in the first frequency range at least partially based on the request.

[0027] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the model is a machine learning model that is trained at least partially based on a training set of measurement values in the first frequency range and measurement values in the second frequency range.

[0028] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the model receives as input information identifying at least one of: measurement values, angle-of-arrival information of a channel associated with the reference signal, angle-of-departure information associated with the channel, an estimated power delay profile associated with the channel, or location information for the UE.

[0029] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the model outputs information indicating one or more beam directions associated with the predicted measurement values.

[0030] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the UE may update the model using a machine learning algorithm at least partially based on comparing the predicted measurement values with observed measurement values in the second frequency range.

[0031] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the UE may transmit at least a portion of the measurement information on an uplink control channel in the second frequency range.

[0032] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes an indication that the predicted measurement values are at least partially based on predicted tags.

[0033] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes a tag indicating that the predicted measurement values are determined using the model.

[0034] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the UE may transmit measurement information on an uplink control channel in a first frequency range.

[0035] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the measurement information includes measurement information for measurement values of reference signals received in the first frequency range, and the predicted measurement values in the second frequency range include predicted channel measurement values.

[0036] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal.

[0037] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the measurement is performed in the first frequency range.

[0038] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the measurement information identifies the predicted measurement values in the second frequency range.

[0039] In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store one or more instructions for wireless communication. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the one or more instructions may cause the one or more processors to perform measurements on reference signals received in a first frequency range; use a model and at least partially based on the measurement values of the reference signals received in the first frequency range, determine predicted measurement values in a second frequency range; and transmit measurement information for the second frequency range at least partially based on the predicted measurement values.

[0040] In a first aspect, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, the one or more instructions may cause the one or more processors to send a request for a reference signal within a first frequency range; and receive the reference signal in the first frequency range at least partially based on the request.

[0041] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the model is a machine learning model, and the machine learning model is trained at least partially based on a training set of measurement values in the first frequency range and measurement values in the second frequency range.

[0042] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the model receives as input information identifying at least one of the following: measurement values, angle of arrival information of a channel associated with the reference signal, angle of departure information associated with the channel, estimated power delay profile associated with the channel, or location information for the UE.

[0043] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the model output indicates information on one or more beam directions associated with the predicted measurement value.

[0044] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, the one or more instructions may cause the one or more processors to update the model using a machine learning algorithm at least in part based on comparing the predicted measurement value with the observed measurement value in the second frequency range.

[0045] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, the one or more instructions may cause the one or more processors to transmit at least a portion of the measurement information on an uplink control channel in the second frequency range.

[0046] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes an indication that the predicted measurement value is at least in part based on a predicted label.

[0047] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes a label indicating that the predicted measurement value is determined using the model.

[0048] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, the one or more instructions may cause the one or more processors to transmit the measurement information on an uplink control channel in the first frequency range.

[0049] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the measurement information includes measurement information on the measurement value of the reference signal received in the first frequency range, and the predicted measurement value in the second frequency range includes a predicted channel measurement value.

[0050] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal.

[0051] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the measurement is performed in the first frequency range.

[0052] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the measurement information identifies the predicted measurement value in the second frequency range.

[0053] In some aspects, an apparatus for performing wireless communication may include components for performing measurements on a reference signal received in a first frequency range; components for using a model and determining predicted measurement values in a second frequency range based at least in part on the measurement values of the reference signal received in the first frequency range; and components for transmitting measurement information for the second frequency range based at least in part on the predicted measurement values.

[0054] In a first aspect, the apparatus may include components for: transmitting a request for a reference signal within a first frequency range; and receiving the reference signal in the first frequency range based at least in part on the request.

[0055] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the model is a machine learning model that is trained based at least in part on a training set of measurement values in the first frequency range and measurement values in the second frequency range.

[0056] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the model receives as input information identifying at least one of: measurement values, angle of arrival information of a channel associated with the reference signal, angle of departure information associated with the channel, an estimated power delay profile associated with the channel, or location information for the UE.

[0057] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the model outputs information indicating one or more beam directions associated with the predicted measurement values.

[0058] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the apparatus may include components for updating the model using a machine learning algorithm based at least in part on comparing the predicted measurement values with observed measurement values in the second frequency range.

[0059] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the apparatus may include components for transmitting at least a portion of the measurement information on an uplink control channel in the second frequency range.

[0060] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes an indication that the predicted measurement values are based at least in part on predicted tags.

[0061] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes a tag indicating that the predicted measurement values are determined using the model.

[0062] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the apparatus may include means for transmitting measurement information on an uplink control channel in a first frequency range.

[0063] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the measurement information includes measurement information of measurement values of reference signals received in a first frequency range, and the predicted measurement values in a second frequency range include predicted channel measurement values.

[0064] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal.

[0065] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the measurement is performed in a first frequency range.

[0066] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the measurement information identifies the predicted measurement values in a second frequency range.

[0067] As generally described herein with reference to the drawings and the specification and as shown in the drawings and the specification, the various aspects generally include a method, an apparatus, a system, a computer program product, a non-transitory computer-readable medium, a user equipment, a base station, a wireless communication device, and / or a processing system.

[0068] The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples in accordance with the present disclosure so that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed concepts and specific examples may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. When considered in conjunction with the drawings, the features of the concepts disclosed herein, its structural and operational methods, and related advantages can be better understood through the following description. Each of the drawings is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] To enable a more particular understanding of the foregoing features of the present disclosure, reference may be made to the aspects, some of which are illustrated in the drawings. It should be noted, however, that the drawings illustrate only some typical aspects of the present disclosure and should not be considered as limiting its scope, as the description may admit other equivalent aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0070] Figure 1is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0071] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station communicating with a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0072] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating examples of physical channels and reference signals in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0073] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of predicting measurement values in a second frequency range based at least in part on measurement values in a first frequency range according to the present disclosure.

[0074] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of training and using a machine learning model associated with prediction of measurement values in a second frequency range based at least in part on measurement values in a first frequency range according to the present disclosure.

[0075] Figure 6 is a diagram of an example implementation of a neural network that can be used to determine predicted measurement values according to the present disclosure.

[0076] Figure 7 is a diagram showing an example process performed by, for example, a UE according to the present disclosure.

[0077] Figure 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example apparatus for wireless communication according to the present disclosure.

[0078] Figure 9 is a block diagram illustrating an example apparatus for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Detailed Description

[0079] Aspects of the present disclosure are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein, those skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of any other aspect of the present disclosure or in combination with any other aspect of the present disclosure. For example, any number of the aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice a method. Additionally, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method that is practiced using other structures, functions, or combinations of structures and functions in addition to or different from the various aspects of the present disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

[0080] Several aspects of a telecommunications system will now be presented with reference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, or the like (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0081] It should be noted that although terms typically associated with 5G or NR radio access technology (RAT) may be used herein to describe aspects, aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT, and / or RATs after 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0082] Figure 1 FIG. is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (NR) network and / or an LTE network, etc. The wireless network 100 may include a plurality of base stations 110 (shown as BS110a, BS110b, BS110c, and BS110d) and other network entities. A base station (BS) is an entity that communicates with a user equipment (UE) and may also be referred to as an NR BS, Node B, gNB, 5G Node B (NB), access point, transmit receive point (TRP), or the like. Each BS may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In 3GPP, depending on the context in which the term is used, the term "cell" may refer to the coverage area of a BS and / or the BS subsystem serving that coverage area.

[0083] The BS can provide communication coverage for macro cells, pico cells, femto cells, and / or other types of cells. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., with a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access for UEs with service subscriptions. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographical area and can allow unrestricted access for UEs with service subscriptions. A femto cell can cover a relatively small geographical area (e.g., a home) and can allow restricted access for UEs associated with that femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). The BS for a macro cell can be referred to as a macro BS. The BS for a pico cell can be referred to as a pico BS. The BS for a femto cell can be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In Figure 1 the example shown, BS110a can be a macro BS for macro cell 102a, BS110b can be a pico BS for pico cell 102b, and BS110c can be a femto BS for femto cell 102c. The BS can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. The terms "eNB", "base station", "NR BS", "gNB", "TRP", "AP", "Node B", "5G NB", and "cell" can be used interchangeably herein.

[0084] In some aspects, a cell may not necessarily be fixed, and the geographical area of the cell can move according to the location of the mobile BS. In some aspects, the BSs can be interconnected with each other and / or with one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections or virtual networks) using any suitable transport network.

[0085] The wireless network 100 can also include relay stations. A relay station is an entity that can receive transmissions from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and forward the transmissions to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station can also be a UE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. In Figure 1 the example shown, relay BS110d can communicate with macro BS110a and UE 120d to facilitate communication between BS110a and UE 120d. A relay BS can also be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, or the like.

[0086] The wireless network 100 can be a heterogeneous network that includes different types of BSs, such as macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, or the like. These different types of BSs can have different transmission power levels, different coverage areas, and different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro BS can have a relatively high transmission power level (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while pico BSs, femto BSs, and relay BSs can have relatively low transmission power levels (e.g., 0.1 watt to 2 watts).

[0087] The network controller 130 can be coupled to a set of BSs and can provide coordination and control for these BSs. The network controller 130 can communicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs can also communicate with each other directly or indirectly, for example, via a wireless or wired backhaul

[0088] UEs 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120c) can be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE can be fixed or mobile. A UE can also be referred to as an access terminal, terminal, mobile station, subscriber unit, station, or the like. A UE can be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device or instrument, a biosensor / device, a wearable device (smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music or video device, or satellite radio, etc.), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, an industrial manufacturing device, a global positioning system device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

[0089] Some UEs can be considered as Machine Type Communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags that can communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. A wireless node can provide a connection to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs can be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and / or can be implemented as NarrowBand IoT (NB-IoT) devices. Some UEs can be regarded as Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE 120 can be included inside a housing that houses components of UE 120, such as a processor component and / or a memory component. In some aspects, the processor component and the memory component can be coupled together. For example, the processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and the memory component (e.g., a memory) can be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0090] Generally, any number of wireless networks can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. The RAT can also be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, or the like. The frequency can also be called a carrier, a frequency channel, or the like. Each frequency can support a single RAT in a given geographical area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, an NR or 5G RAT network can be deployed.

[0091] In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) can communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., communicate with each other without using the base station 110 as an intermediary). For example, UE 120 can communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols), and / or mesh networks. In such cases, UE 120 can perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by the base station 110.

[0092] Devices of the wireless network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, or the like by frequency or wavelength. For example, devices of the wireless network 100 can communicate using one or more operating bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as Frequency Range Designation FR1 (410 MHz – 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz – 52.6 GHz). It should be understood that although a part of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is generally (alternatively) referred to as the “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with FR2. Although different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz - 300 GHz), which is recognized by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as the “millimeter wave” band, FR2 is generally (alternatively) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles.

[0093] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as Frequency Range Designation FR3 (7.125 GHz – 24.25 GHz). The bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics and can thus effectively extend the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to the mid-band frequencies. Additionally, higher bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation above 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as Frequency Range Designation FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz - 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz - 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz - 300 GHz). Each of these higher bands falls within the EHF band.

[0094] Considering the above examples, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or similar (if used in this document) can broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, frequencies that may be within FR1, or frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies. Additionally, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or similar (if used in this document) can broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, frequencies that can be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, or FR4-1, and / or FR5, or frequencies that can be within the EHF band. It is expected that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described in this document apply to those modified frequency ranges.

[0095] As described above, Figure 1 are provided as examples. Other examples may be related toFigure 1 is different from the described example.

[0096] Figure 2 FIG. 200 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a base station 110 communicating with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234a through 234t, and the UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252a through 252r, where typically T≥1 and R≥1.

[0097] At the base station 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data for one or more UEs from a data source 212, select, for each UE, one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) at least in part based on channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE, process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for each UE at least in part based on the MCSs selected for the UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. The transmit processor 220 may also process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS)) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols (if applicable), and may provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232a through 232t. Each modulator 232a, …, or 232t may process (e.g., for OFDM) its respective output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232a, …, or 232t may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The T downlink signals from the modulators 232a through 232t may be transmitted via the T antennas 234a through 234t, respectively.

[0098] At the UE 120, antennas 252a through 252r may receive downlink signals from the base station 110 and / or other base stations and may respectively provide the received signals to demodulators (DEMOD) 254a through 254r. Each demodulator 254a, …, or 254r may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and digitize) the received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254a, …, or 254r may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. The MIMO detector 256 may obtain the received symbols from all R demodulators 254a through 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide the detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 120 to the data sink 260, and provide decoded control information and system information to the controller / processor 280. The term “controller / processor” may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor may determine reference signal received power (RSRP) parameters, received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameters, reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameters, and / or CQI parameters, etc. In some aspects, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing 284.

[0099] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the base station 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0100] Antennas (e.g., antennas 234a through 234t and / or antennas 252a through 252r) may include or may be included in one or more antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include coplanar sets of antenna elements and / or non-coplanar sets of antenna elements. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include antenna elements within a single housing and / or antenna elements within multiple housings. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmit and / or receive components (such as Figure 2 one or more components) of

[0101] On the uplink, at the UE 120, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from the data source 262, as well as control information (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI) from the controller / processor 280. The transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. Symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be pre-coded by the TX MIMO processor 266 (if applicable), then further processed (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM) by the modulators 254a through 254r, and transmitted to the base station 110. In some aspects, the modulators and demodulators (e.g., MOD / DEMOD 254a, …, or 254r) of the UE 120 may be included in a modem of the UE 120. In some aspects, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of (multiple) antennas 252a through 252r, modulators and / or demodulators 254a through 254r, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and / or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller / processor 280) and the memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0102] At the base station 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 and other UEs may be received by the antennas 234a through 234t, processed by the demodulators 232a through 232t, detected by the MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to the data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240. The base station 110 may include a communication unit 244 and communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The base station 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule the UE 120 for downlink and / or uplink communication. In some aspects, the modulators and demodulators (e.g., MOD / DEMOD 232a, …, or 232t) of the base station 110 may be included in a modem of the base station 110. In some aspects, the base station 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of (multiple) antennas 234a through 234t, modulators and / or demodulators 232a through 232t, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller / processor 240) and the memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0103] As described in more detail elsewhere in this document, the controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 any other component(s) of can perform one or more techniques associated with cross-band channel prediction and reporting. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 any other component(s) of can perform or direct the operations of, for example, Figure 7 processing 700 and / or other processing described herein. Memories 242 and 282 can store data and program code for the base station 110 and the UE 120, respectively. In some aspects, memories 242 and / or memory 282 can include a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, when executed by one or more processors of the base station 110 and / or the UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, conversion, and / or interpretation), the one or more instructions can cause the one or more processors, the UE 120, and / or the base station 110 to perform or direct the operations of, for example, Figure 7 processing 700 and / or other processing described herein. In some aspects, executing the instructions can include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and / or interpreting the instructions.

[0104] In some aspects, the UE 120 can include components for performing measurements on reference signals received in a first frequency range; components for determining predicted measurement values in a second frequency range using a model and at least in part based on the measurement values of the reference signals received in the first frequency range; and components for transmitting measurement information for the second frequency range at least in part based on the predicted measurement values. In some aspects, such components can include one or more components of the UE 120 described in conjunction with Figure 2 such as the controller / processor 280, the transmit processor 264, the TX MIMO processor 266, MOD 254a,... or 254r, the antennas 252a,... or 252r, DEMOD 254a,... or 254r, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, etc.

[0105] As described above, Figure 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may be different from the examples described with respect to Figure 2 described.

[0106] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of physical channels and reference signals in a wireless network according to the present disclosure. As Figure 3As shown, the downlink channel and the downlink reference signal can transport information from the base station 110 to the UE 120, and the uplink channel and the uplink reference signal can transport information from the UE 120 to the base station 110.

[0107] As shown in the figure, the downlink channel may include a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) that transports downlink control information (DCI), a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) that transports downlink data, or a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) that transports system information, etc. In some aspects, PDSCH communication may be scheduled by PDCCH communication. As further shown in the figure, the uplink channel may include a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) that transports uplink control information (UCI), a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) that transports uplink data, or a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) for initial network access, etc. In some aspects, the UE 120 may send acknowledgment (ACK) or negative acknowledgment (NACK) feedback (e.g., ACK / NACK feedback or ACK / NACK information) in the UCI on the PUCCH and / or PUSCH.

[0108] As further shown in the figure, the downlink reference signal may include a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB), a Channel State Information (CSI) Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), or a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), etc. Also as shown in the figure, the uplink reference signal may include a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), DMRS, or PTRS, etc.

[0109] The SSB may transport information for initial network capture and synchronization, such as the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), the Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), the PBCH, and the PBCH DMRS. The SSB is sometimes referred to as a Synchronization Signal / PBCH (SS / PBCH) block. In some aspects, the base station 110 may transmit multiple SSBs on multiple corresponding beams, and the SSB may be used for beam selection.

[0110] CSI-RS can carry information for downlink channel estimation (e.g., downlink CSI acquisition), which can be used for scheduling, link adaptation, or beam management, etc. The base station 110 can configure a CSI-RS set for the UE 120, and the UE 120 can measure the configured CSI-RS set. At least partially based on the measurement values, the UE 120 can perform channel estimation and can report channel estimation parameters (e.g., in a CSI report) to the base station 110, such as a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), a layer indicator (LI), a rank indicator (RI), or a reference signal received power (RSRP), etc. The base station 110 can use the CSI report to select transmission parameters for downlink communication to the UE 120, such as the number of transmission layers (e.g., rank), a precoding matrix (e.g., a precoder), a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), or a refined downlink beam (e.g., using a beam refinement procedure or a beam management procedure), etc.

[0111] DMRS can carry information for estimating the radio channel for demodulating the associated physical channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, PBCH, PUCCH, or PUSCH). The design and mapping of the DMRS can be specific to the physical channel for which the DMRS is used to estimate. The DMRS is UE-specific, can be beamformed, can be restricted to scheduled resources (e.g., rather than transmitted over a wideband), and is only transmitted when necessary. As shown, the DMRS is used for both downlink communication and uplink communication.

[0112] PTRS can carry information for compensating oscillator phase noise. Generally, phase noise increases with the increase of the oscillator carrier frequency. Therefore, PTRS can be used for high carrier frequencies, such as millimeter wave frequencies, to mitigate phase noise. PTRS can be used to track the phase of the local oscillator and is capable of suppressing phase noise and common phase error (CPE). As shown, PTRS is used for both downlink communication (e.g., on PDSCH) and uplink communication (e.g., on PUSCH).

[0113] The SRS can transport information for uplink channel estimation, which can be used for scheduling, link adaptation, precoder selection, beam management, etc. The base station 110 can configure one or more SRS resource sets for the UE 120, and the UE 120 can transmit SRS on the configured SRS resource sets. The SRS resource sets can have configured uses, such as uplink CSI acquisition, downlink CSI acquisition for reciprocity-based operations, uplink beam management, etc. The base station 110 can measure the SRS, perform channel estimation at least partially based on the measurement values, and use the SRS measurement values to configure communication with the UE 120.

[0114] As described above, Figure 3 is provided only as an example. Other examples may be different from the examples described with respect to Figure 3 what is described.

[0115] The UE can perform various types of measurements during operation. For example, the measurement values can be used for channel estimation, beam selection, beam failure determination, cell selection and reselection, initial access, etc. The measurement values by the UE can involve activation of the UE's receive chain, processing of received signals (e.g., reference signals), and determination of the measurement values at least partially based on the processing. For some measurement values, such as beam selection, the UE can use one or more receive beams formed by the UE to perform the measurement. In some aspects, the UE can request a reference signal for measurement. In other aspects, the UE can perform measurements on unrequested signals (e.g., broadcast signals, signals configured and sent by the base station to the UE, etc.).

[0116] Some UEs can operate in multiple different frequency bands across two or more frequency ranges. Examples of frequency ranges include the sub-6 GHz band and the millimeter wave band, as described elsewhere in this document. Operating in higher frequency ranges may involve more resource consumption than operating in lower frequency ranges due to higher operating wavelengths, greater data throughput requiring faster baseband processing, more complex beamforming, increased power consumption of analog-to-digital converters operating at large bandwidths, etc. If the UE communicates using multiple frequency ranges (such as the sub-6 GHz band and the millimeter wave band, although other combinations of frequency bands or frequency ranges can be used), the measurement reference signals in the higher frequency range may consume more resources of the UE than the measurement reference signals in the lower frequency range. In addition, some UEs can have a hardware configuration that can measure reference signals in the lower frequency range but not in the higher frequency range, or the UE's hardware configuration can result in less efficient measurements in the higher frequency range than in the lower frequency range. Therefore, performing measurements in two or more frequency ranges may consume more battery power, communication resources, and computing resources than performing measurements in a single frequency range.

[0117] Some of the techniques and apparatuses described herein enable the determination of predicted measurements in a second frequency range based at least in part on measurements in a first frequency range. For example, a UE may determine measurements of reference signals in a first frequency range (e.g., FR1, FR2, etc.), and the UE may determine predicted measurements of a theoretical reference signal in a second frequency range (e.g., FR2, frequency range 4 (FR4), etc.). In some aspects, the UE may use a model to determine the predicted measurements. For example, as described in more detail elsewhere herein, machine learning algorithms may be used to train and / or update the model. By determining the predicted measurements in the second frequency range, the UE may conserve battery power, communication resources, and processing resources that would otherwise be used to perform measurements in the second frequency range. Additionally, lower-capability UEs that may not be able to effectively perform measurements (or any measurements) in the second frequency range may determine the predicted measurements in the second frequency range, which may be useful for the operation of the lower-capability UEs and / or for other devices (e.g., other base stations, other UEs, etc.).

[0118] The techniques and apparatuses described herein are generally described as being performed for reference signals in a lower frequency range and predicted measurements in a higher frequency range. However, the techniques and apparatuses described herein may be performed for any pair of frequency ranges. In some aspects, in accordance with various aspects described herein, reference signals in a higher frequency range may be used to determine predicted measurements in a lower frequency range.

[0119] Figure 4 FIG. 400 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 of predicting measurements in a second frequency range based at least in part on measurements in a first frequency range in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown, example 400 includes a UE 120 and a BS 110.

[0120] As indicated by reference numeral 410, the UE 120 may send a request for a reference signal (RS) in a first frequency range, and the BS 110 may receive the request. The RS may include a CSI-RS or another RS. For example, the UE 120 may send a request for a CSI-RS or the like. The UE 120 may request the RS in a first frequency range such as FR1, FR2, etc. For example, the UE 120 may request the BS 110 to send the RS in the first frequency range. In some aspects, the UE 120 may request the RS within a first frequency band. As used herein, a "frequency band" may refer to a bandwidth part, a resource pool, the operating bandwidth of the UE 120, a carrier, a part of a frequency range, the entire frequency range, or the like.

[0121] In some aspects, BS110 may allocate resources at least in part based on a request for RS in a first reference signal. For example, BS110 may configure measurement resources, or allocate downlink resources for RS and / or uplink resources for reporting information about RS. In some aspects, BS110 may allocate uplink resources only within a first frequency range (e.g., on a primary cell (PCell) or a primary-secondary cell (PSCell) within the first frequency range), such as within a first frequency band of the first frequency range. In some aspects, BS110 may allocate uplink resources within a first frequency range (e.g., on a PCell or a PSCell), such as within a first frequency band of the first frequency range, and within a second frequency range (e.g., on a secondary cell (SCell) such as a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) SCell), such as within a second frequency band of the second frequency range.

[0122] In some aspects, UE 120 may not send a request for RS within a first frequency band. For example, UE 120 may use a pre-configured RS (e.g., before the operations of Example 400) to determine predicted measurement values in a second frequency range. In some aspects, UE 120 may provide a flag (e.g., a value, an indication, etc.) that indicates that the reported measurement values (e.g., measurement information) for the second frequency range are at least in part based on a prediction or a model (e.g., as opposed to actual RS measurements performed in the second frequency range). In some other aspects, UE 120 may provide the reported measurement values for the second frequency range on resources configured for reporting predicted measurement values.

[0123] As shown by reference numeral 420, BS110 may send RS, and UE 120 may receive the RS. For example, BS110 may send RS at least in part based on the request. For example, UE 120 may receive RS within a first frequency range, such as within a first frequency band of the first frequency range. As shown by reference numeral 430, UE 120 may perform measurements on the RS received in the first frequency range. For example, UE 120 may determine measurement values (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), etc.) at least in part based on the RS received in the first frequency range. In some aspects, UE 120 may determine information associated with the RS received in the first frequency range, such as angle of arrival (AOA), angle of departure (AOD), location information associated with UE120, channel power delay profile (PDP) (also referred to herein as PDP channel estimate) of the first frequency range, etc. At least a portion of the determined information may be used by a model to determine predicted measurement values in a second frequency range.

[0124] In some aspects, BS110 may configure UE 120 with an RS set. For example, BS110 may provide measurement configuration for the RS set. The measurement configuration may indicate a resource set for the RS set within a first frequency range. The resource set may be configured in a first frequency band of the first frequency range. In some aspects, the measurement configuration may indicate uplink resources in the first frequency range and / or the second frequency range for UE 120 to report predicted measurement values of the RS set in the first range. For example, the measurement configuration may configure uplink resources for reporting predicted measurement values only within the first frequency range, or the measurement configuration may allocate uplink resources for reporting predicted measurement values within the first frequency range and allocate uplink resources for reporting predicted measurement values within the second frequency range. As another example, the measurement configuration may indicate uplink resources for reporting predicted measurement values in a second frequency band of the second frequency range.

[0125] As shown by reference numeral 440, UE 120 may determine predicted measurement values in a second frequency range (such as a second frequency band in the second frequency range) at least partially based on measurement values of RSs received in a first frequency range (such as a first frequency band in the first frequency range). For example, UE 120 may determine predicted measurement values in a second frequency range different from the first frequency range. UE 120 may use a model to determine the predicted measurement values. The model may receive measurement values associated with measurement values of RSs received in the first band or range as input. The model may output information indicating the predicted measurement values in the second band or range. As Figure 5 described, the model may be trained and / or updated at least partially based on a machine learning process. For example, the model may be trained and / or updated by UE 120, or may be trained and / or updated by another device and used by UE 120. The first frequency range and the second frequency range may include any pair of frequency ranges, such as a pair of frequency ranges selected from FR1, FR2, FR3, and FR4 of 5G / NR. In some aspects, the predicted measurement values may include channel measurement values. In some aspects, the predicted measurement values may include another type of measurement value other than channel measurement values.

[0126] In some aspects, the UE 120 may determine predicted measurement values without receiving RS in the second frequency range. For example, the BS110 may not transmit RS in the second frequency range, which saves resources of the BS110 that would otherwise be used to allocate resources for and transmit RS in the second frequency range. In some aspects, the BS110 may transmit RS in the second frequency range, and the UE 120 may not receive or decode RS in the second frequency range (but instead use predicted measurement values of RS in the second frequency range), which saves resources of the UE 120 that would otherwise be used to receive and decode RS in the second frequency range. In some aspects, the UE 120 may receive RS in the second frequency range and may compare the observed measurement values determined at least in part based on the RS in the second frequency range with the predicted measurement values. In some aspects, the UE 120 may update or train the model accordingly.

[0127] As shown by reference numeral 450, the UE 120 may send measurement information to the BS110. For example, the UE 120 may send a measurement report including information identifying channel measurement values performed in the first frequency range (such as the first band of the first frequency range) and / or predicted channel measurement values in the second frequency range (such as the second band of the second frequency range) on the PUCCH. In some aspects, if resources for the PUCCH are configured in both the first frequency range and the second frequency range, the UE 120 may report predicted measurement values for resources of the PUCCH in the second frequency range (e.g., as if RS were transmitted and received in the second frequency range). In some aspects, if resources for the PUCCH are configured only in the first frequency range, the UE 120 may send a measurement report in the first frequency range that identifies measurement values performed in the first frequency range and predicted measurement values in the second frequency range. In this case, the UE 120 may include a value (e.g., a flag, etc.) indicating that the predicted measurement values are predicted measurement values (e.g., as opposed to actual measurement values or observed measurement values). Thus, the UE 120 may determine and report predicted measurement values in the second frequency range based at least in part on performing measurements on RS transmitted in the first frequency range. Determining predicted measurement values may save resources of the UE 120 that would otherwise be used to perform measurements in the second frequency range and may enable the UE 120 that cannot perform or effectively perform measurements in the second frequency range to send predicted measurement information for the second frequency range.

[0128] As described above, Figure 4 is provided as an example. Other examples may be different from the examples described with respect to Figure 4 ​

[0129] Figure 5 FIG. is a diagram illustrating example 500 of training and using a machine learning model that is at least partially based on measurements in a first frequency range and associated with predictions of measurements in a second frequency range according to the present disclosure. The machine learning model training and use described herein can be performed using a machine learning system. The machine learning system can be included in or can be included in a computing device, a server, a cloud computing environment, a UE, a base station (e.g., gNB), a 5G core network device, etc., such as UE 120 or BS110 described in more detail elsewhere herein. In some aspects, the training and / or updating of the machine learning model can be performed by a different device than the one using the machine learning model.

[0130] As shown by reference numeral 505, a set of observations can be used to train the machine learning model. The set of observations can be obtained from historical data (such as data collected during one or more processes described herein). In some implementations, the machine learning system can receive the set of observations (e.g., as an input) from UE 120, as described elsewhere herein.

[0131] As shown by reference numeral 510, the set of observations includes a set of features. The set of features can include a set of variables, and the variables can be referred to as features. A particular observation can include a set of variable values (or feature values) corresponding to the set of variables. In some implementations, the machine learning system can determine the variables for the set of observations and / or the variable values for a particular observation at least partially based on an input received from UE 120. For example, the machine learning system can identify the set of features (e.g., one or more features and / or feature values) by extracting the set of features from structured data, extracting the set of features from unstructured data, receiving an input from an operator, etc.

[0132] As an example, the set of features for a set of observations can include a first feature of measurements in a first frequency range, a second feature of angle of arrival (AOA) information or angle of departure (AOD) information, a third feature of location information associated with UE 120, etc. In some aspects, the set of features can include other features, such as power delay profile (PDP) channel estimates for the first frequency range, a first frequency band on which the RS is received, a second frequency band for the measurements for which predictions are to be determined and reported, etc.

[0133] As shown by reference numeral 515, the set of observations can be associated with a target variable. The target variable can represent a variable having a numerical value, a variable having a mathematical value falling within a numerical range or having some discrete possible values, a variable that can be selected from one of a plurality of options (e.g., one of a plurality of categories, classifications, labels, etc.), a variable having a boolean value, etc. The target variable can be associated with a target variable value, and the target variable value can be specific to the observation. In example 500, the target variable is a measurement value in a second frequency range. The target variable can represent the value that the machine learning model is being trained to predict, and the feature set can represent the variables input into the trained machine learning model to predict the value of the target variable. The set of observations can include the target variable value such that the machine learning model can be trained to identify patterns in the feature set that result in the target variable value. A machine learning model trained to predict the target variable value can be referred to as a supervised learning model.

[0134] As shown by reference numeral 520, the machine learning system can use the set of observations and use one or more machine learning algorithms, such as regression algorithms, decision tree algorithms, neural network algorithms, k-nearest neighbor algorithms, support vector machine algorithms, etc., to train a machine learning model. After training, the machine learning system can store or provide the machine learning model as the trained machine learning model 525 for analyzing new observations.

[0135] As shown by reference numeral 530, the machine learning system can apply the trained machine learning model 525 to new observations, such as by receiving the new observations and inputting the new observations into the trained machine learning model 525. As shown, by way of example, the new observations can include a first feature of a measurement value in a first frequency range, a second feature of AOD information and / or AOA information, a third feature of location information associated with UE 120, etc. The machine learning system can apply the trained machine learning model 525 to the new observations to generate an output (e.g., a result). The type of output can depend on the type of machine learning model and / or the type of machine learning task being performed. For example, the output can include a predicted value of the target variable, such as when using supervised learning. By way of example, the trained machine learning model 525 can predict the value of the target variable of the predicted measurement value in the second frequency range for the new observations, as shown by reference numeral 535.

[0136] In some aspects, the output can include information identifying the cluster to which the new observations belong, information indicating the similarity between the new observations and one or more other observations, etc., such as when using unsupervised learning.

[0137] In some implementations, the reporting of predicted measurements associated with new observations can be at least partially based on target variable values having a specific label (e.g., classification, categorization, etc.), can be at least partially based on whether the target variable value meets one or more thresholds (e.g., whether the target variable value is greater than a threshold, less than a threshold, equal to a threshold, falls within a threshold range, etc.), can be at least partially based on a cluster that classifies the new observations, etc.

[0138] In this way, the machine learning system can apply a rigorous and automated process to determine the predicted measurements in the second frequency range based at least in part on the measurements in the first frequency range.

[0139] As described above, Figure 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may be different from those described in connection with Figure 5 what is described.

[0140] Figure 6 is a diagram of an example implementation of a neural network 600 that can be used to determine predicted measurements according to the present disclosure. Figure 6 The neural network 600 of can include or be part of the model described elsewhere herein. As shown, the neural network 600 has an input layer 610, one or more intermediate layers 620 (referred to herein individually as "intermediate layer 620" and collectively as "intermediate layers 620"), and an output layer 630. As described herein, the exemplary neural network 600 can receive parameter and values as inputs to the input layer 610, process the values of the parameter set using the intermediate layer 620 and determine the predicted measurements, and provide the predicted measurements via the output layer 630 of the neural network 600.

[0141] In Figure 6 's example, the input layer 610 receives measurements in the first frequency range, AOA / AOD information, location information associated with UE120, the first frequency band of the first frequency range (where RS is received), and the second frequency band of the second frequency range (where the RS resource for predicting the measurement is located), as inputs to the neural network 600. In some aspects, the input layer 610 receives the estimated channel PDP of the first frequency range. The neural network 600 can use the intermediate layer (e.g., hidden layer) to determine the predicted measurements based on this parameter set. For example, the intermediate layer can include one or more feedforward layers and / or one or more recurrent layers to determine the predicted measurements. One or more feedforward layers and / or recurrent layers can include a plurality of coupled nodes (also referred to as neurons) that are linked according to being trained as described herein. In this way, the links between the nodes of the intermediate layer 620 can correspond to predictions, classifications, etc. associated with the parameters in order to determine the predicted measurements.

[0142] As described above, Figure 6are provided as examples. Other examples may be different from those Figure 6 described herein.

[0143] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed by a UE, for example, in accordance with the present disclosure. The example process 700 is an example in which a UE (e.g., UE 120, etc.) performs operations associated with cross-band channel prediction and reporting.

[0144] As Figure 7 shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include receiving a reference signal in a first frequency range (block 710). For example, as described above, a UE (e.g., using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller / processor 280, memory 282, etc.) may perform measurements on the reference signal received in the first frequency range. In some aspects, the measurements may be performed by receive component 802 or measurement component 808.

[0145] As Figure 7 shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include performing measurements of the reference signal (block 720). For example, as described above, a UE (e.g., using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller / processor 280, memory 282, etc.) may perform measurements on the reference signal received in the first frequency range. In some aspects, the measurements may be performed by receive component 802 or measurement component 808.

[0146] As Figure 7 further shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include using a model and determining predicted measurement values in a second frequency range based at least in part on measurement values of the reference signal received in the first frequency range (block 730). For example, as described above, a UE (e.g., using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller / processor 280, memory 282, etc.) may use a model and determine predicted measurement values in a second frequency range based at least in part on measurement values of the reference signal received in the first frequency range. In some aspects, the determination of the predicted measurement values may be performed by determination component 810.

[0147] As Figure 7 further shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include transmitting measurement information for the second frequency range based at least in part on the predicted measurement values (block 740). For example, as described above, the UE (e.g., using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller / processor 280, memory 282, etc.) may transmit measurement information for the second frequency range based at least in part on the predicted measurement values. In some aspects, transmit component 804 may transmit the measurement information.

[0148] Processing 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of multiple aspects described below and / or in combination with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0149] In a first aspect, the method includes sending a request for a reference signal in a first frequency range; and receiving the reference signal in the first frequency range at least in part based on the request. In some aspects, the sending component 804 may send the request, and the receiving component 802 may receive the reference signal at least in part based on the request.

[0150] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the model is a machine learning model that is trained at least in part based on a training set of measurements in a first frequency range and measurements in a second frequency range. In some aspects, the training / update component 812 may train the model.

[0151] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the model receives as input information identifying at least one of: a measurement, angle-of-arrival information of a channel associated with the reference signal, angle-of-departure information associated with the channel, an estimated power delay profile associated with the channel, or location information for the UE.

[0152] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the model outputs information indicating one or more beam directions associated with the predicted measurement.

[0153] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, processing 700 includes updating the model using a machine learning algorithm at least in part based on comparing the predicted measurement with an observed measurement in the second frequency range. In some aspects, the training / update component 812 may update the model.

[0154] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, processing 700 includes sending at least a portion of the measurement information on an uplink control channel in the second frequency range. In some aspects, the sending component 804 may send at least a portion of the measurement information.

[0155] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes an indication that the predicted measurement is at least in part based on a predicted signature.

[0156] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, measurement information on an uplink control channel in a second frequency range includes a flag indicating the use of the model to determine a predicted measurement value.

[0157] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, processing 700 includes transmitting measurement information on an uplink control channel in a first frequency range. In some aspects, the transmitting component 804 may transmit measurement information on an uplink control channel in the first frequency range.

[0158] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the measurement information includes measurement information for measurement values of reference signals received in a first frequency range, and the predicted measurement values in a second frequency range include predicted channel measurement values.

[0159] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal.

[0160] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the measurement is performed in a first frequency range.

[0161] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the measurement information identifies the predicted measurement values in a second frequency range.

[0162] Figure 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example apparatus 800 for wireless communication in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 800 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 800. In some aspects, the apparatus 800 includes a receiving component 802 and a transmitting component 804, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 800 may communicate with another apparatus 806 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the receiving component 802 and the transmitting component 804. As further shown, the apparatus 800 may include one or more of a measurement component 808, a determination component 810, or a training and / or updating (training / update) component 812, etc.

[0163] In some aspects, the apparatus 800 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figure 3 - 6 Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 800 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 7 the processing 700. In some aspects, Figure 8 the apparatus 800 and / or one or more components shown may include those described above in connection with Figure 2One or more components of the described UE. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 8 One or more of the components shown in Figure 2 Can be implemented within one or more of the components described above in connection with Figure 2 One or more of the components in the set of components can be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a part of a component) can be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the functions or operations of the component.

[0164] The receiving component 802 can receive communications from the device 806, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. The receiving component 802 can provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 800. In some aspects, the receiving component 802 can perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.), and can provide the processed signal to one or more other components of the device 806. In some aspects, the receiving component 802 can include one or more antennas, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiving processors, controller / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2 One or more of the components described above.

[0165] The transmitting component 804 can transmit communications to the device 806, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 806 can generate the communications and can provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 804 for transmission to the device 806. In some aspects, the transmitting component 804 can perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.), and can transmit the processed signal to the device 806. In some aspects, the transmitting component 804 can include one or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controller / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2 One or more of the components described above. In some aspects, the transmitting component 804 can be co-located with the receiving component 802 in a transceiver.

[0166] The receiving component 802 may receive a reference signal within a first frequency range. In some aspects, the receiving component 802 may receive the reference signal within the first frequency range at least partially based on a request sent by the transmitting component 804. The measuring component 808 may perform measurements on the reference signal received within the first frequency range. The determining component 810 may use a model and determine a predicted measurement value in a second frequency range at least partially based on the measurements of the reference signal received in the first frequency range. The training / updating component 812 may train and / or update the model. For example, the training / updating component 812 may update the model using a machine learning algorithm at least partially based on comparing the predicted measurement value with an observed measurement value in the second frequency range. The transmitting component 804 may transmit measurement information for the second frequency range at least partially based on the predicted measurement value. In some aspects, the transmitting component 804 may send a request for the reference signal in the first frequency range. In some aspects, the transmitting component 804 may send reporting information on an uplink control channel in the second frequency range. In some aspects, the transmitting component 804 may send reporting information on an uplink control channel in the first frequency range.

[0167] Figure 8 The number and arrangement of the components shown are provided as an example. In fact, compared with the components shown in Figure 8 there may be more components, fewer components, different components, or a different arrangement of components. Additionally, Figure 8 two or more of the components shown may be implemented within a single component, or Figure 8 a single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 8 a set of (one or more) components shown may perform one or more functions that are described as being performed by Figure 8 another set of components shown.

[0168] Figure 9 is a block diagram illustrating an example apparatus 900 for wireless communication in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 900 may be a base station, or a base station may include the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the apparatus 900 includes a receiving component 902 and a transmitting component 904, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 900 may communicate with another apparatus 906 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the receiving component 902 and the transmitting component 904. As further shown, the apparatus 900 may include a determining component 908.

[0169] In some aspects, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform herein in connection with Figure 3 - 8Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more of the processes described herein, such as Figure 7 Processing 700 or about Figure 4 The operation of the base station 100 is described. In some aspects, Figure 9 The device 900 and / or one or more components shown may include the above combined Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, Figure 9 One or more components shown in the above may be combined Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the component set may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the functions or operations of the component.

[0170] The receiving component 902 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 906. The receiving component 902 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the receiving component 902 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the apparatus 906. In some aspects, the receiving component 902 may include a combination of the above. Figure 2 One or more antennas, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of a base station are described.

[0171] The transmitting component 904 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 906. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 906 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 904 for transmission to the apparatus 906. In some aspects, the transmitting component 904 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 906. In some aspects, the transmitting component 904 may include a combination of the above. Figure 2 One or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described base stations. In some aspects, transmit component 904 can be co-located with receive component 902 in a transceiver.

[0172] The transmitting component 904 may transmit a reference signal, such as a reference signal within a first frequency range, to the device 906. The receiving component 902 may receive measurement information, such as measurement information indicating a predicted measurement value of a second frequency range and / or a measurement value of a first frequency range, from the device 906. In some aspects, for example, the determining component 908 may determine whether the measurement information indicated by the measurement information is associated with a predicted measurement value or an observed measurement value, at least in part based on a tag associated with a measurement report received by the receiving component 902.

[0173] Figure 9 The number and arrangement of the components shown are provided as an example. In fact, Figure 9 compared to the components shown in Figure 9 there may be more components, fewer components, different components, or components in a different arrangement. Additionally, Figure 9 two or more of the components shown may be implemented within a single component, or Figure 9 a single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 9 a set(s) of the components shown may perform one or more functions that are described as being performed by

[0174] An overview of some aspects of the present disclosure is provided below:

[0175] Aspect 1: A wireless communication method performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving a reference signal in a first frequency band of a first frequency range; performing a measurement of the reference signal; determining a predicted measurement value in a second frequency band of a second frequency range using a model and at least in part based on a measurement value of the reference signal received in the first frequency band of the first frequency range; and transmitting measurement information for the second frequency band at least in part based on the predicted measurement value.

[0176] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1, further comprising: transmitting a request for the reference signal within the first frequency band; and receiving the reference signal in the first frequency band at least in part based on the request.

[0177] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of aspects 1-2, wherein the model is a machine learning model that is trained at least in part based on a training set of measurement values in the first frequency band and measurement values in the second frequency band.

[0178] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-3, wherein the model receives, as input, information identifying at least one of the following: a measurement value, angle-of-arrival information of a channel associated with a reference signal, angle-of-departure information associated with the channel, an estimated power delay profile associated with the channel, information indicating a first frequency band, information indicating a second frequency band, or location information of the UE.

[0179] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-4, wherein the model outputs information indicating one or more beam directions associated with the predicted measurement value.

[0180] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-5, further comprising: updating the model using a machine learning algorithm based at least in part on comparing the predicted measurement value with an observed measurement value in a second frequency band.

[0181] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-6, wherein an uplink control channel on a primary cell or a primary-secondary cell in a first frequency range and an uplink control channel on a secondary cell in a second frequency range are configured, and wherein the method further comprises: transmitting at least a portion of the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range.

[0182] Aspect 8: The method according to Aspect 7, wherein the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes an indication that the predicted measurement value is at least partially based on a predicted tag.

[0183] Aspect 9: The method according to Aspect 7, wherein the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes a tag indicating that the predicted measurement value is determined using the model.

[0184] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-9, wherein an uplink control channel on a primary cell or a primary-secondary cell in a first frequency range is configured, and wherein transmitting the measurement information further comprises: transmitting the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the first frequency range.

[0185] Aspect 11: The method according to Aspect 10, wherein the measurement information includes measurement information for measurement values of reference signals received in a first frequency band, and wherein the predicted measurement value in the second frequency band includes predicted channel measurement values.

[0186] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-11, wherein the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal.

[0187] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-12, wherein the measurement is performed in a first frequency band.

[0188] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-13, wherein the measurement information identifies predicted measurement values in a second frequency band.

[0189] Aspect 15: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the device to perform the method of one or more aspects of Aspects 1-14.

[0190] Aspect 16: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to perform the method of one or more aspects of Aspects 1-14.

[0191] Aspect 17: A device for wireless communication, comprising at least one component for performing the method of one or more aspects of Aspects 1-14.

[0192] Aspect 18: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more aspects of Aspects 1-14.

[0193] Aspect 19: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more aspects of Aspects 1-14.

[0194] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the above disclosure, or can be obtained from practice of the aspects.

[0195] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly understood as a combination of hardware, firmware, and / or hardware and software. As used herein, a processor is implemented as a combination of hardware, firmware, and / or hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented in different forms of combinations of hardware, firmware, and / or hardware and software. The actual specific control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods does not limit these aspects. Accordingly, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are not described herein with reference to specific software code—it should be understood that the software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and / or methods at least in part based on the description herein.

[0196] As used herein, depending on the context, meeting a threshold can mean greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, or similar values.

[0197] Even if a particular combination of features is recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, such combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of the various aspects. In fact, many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or not disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosure of the various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claims. As used herein, the phrase "at least one" in reference to a list of items means any combination of those items, including a single element. As an example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination with multiple of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other order of a, b, and c).

[0198] Unless expressly stated otherwise, any element, act, or instruction used herein should not be construed as critical or essential. Additionally, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Further, as used herein, the article "the" is intended to include one or more items recited in conjunction with the article "the" and may be used interchangeably with "the one or more." Additionally, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, or a combination of related and unrelated items) and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." If only one item is intended, the phrase "only one" or similar language is used. Additionally, as used herein, the terms "has," "have," "having," or similar words are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "based, at least in part, on" unless expressly stated otherwise. Additionally, as used herein, the term "or" when used in a series is intended to be inclusive and may be used interchangeably with "and / or" unless expressly stated otherwise (e.g., if used in conjunction with "either" or "only one of").

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication performed by a user equipment UE, comprising: Receiving a reference signal in a first frequency band of a first frequency range; Performing measurements on the reference signal; Using a model and at least partially based on measurement values of the reference signal received in the first frequency band of the first frequency range, determining predicted measurement values in a second frequency band of a second frequency range, wherein the second frequency band is different from the first frequency band; And Transmitting measurement information for the second frequency band at least partially based on the predicted measurement values.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Transmitting a request for the reference signal in the first frequency band; And Receiving the reference signal in the first frequency band at least partially based on the request.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the model is a machine learning model, and the machine learning model is trained at least partially based on a training set of measurement values in the first frequency band and measurement values in the second frequency band.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The model receives as input information identifying at least one of the following: The measurement values, Angle of arrival information of a channel associated with the reference signal, Angle of departure information associated with the channel, An estimated power delay profile associated with the channel, Information indicating the first frequency band, Information indicating the second frequency band, or Location information for the UE.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The model outputs information indicating one or more beam directions associated with the predicted measurement values.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Updating the model using a machine learning algorithm at least partially based on comparing the predicted measurement values with observed measurement values in the second frequency band.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein an uplink control channel on a primary cell or a primary-secondary cell in the first frequency range and an uplink control channel on a secondary cell in the second frequency range are configured, and wherein the method further comprises: Transmitting at least a portion of the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes an indication that the predicted measurement values are at least partially based on a prediction tag.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein, The measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes a tag indicating that the predicted measurement values are determined using the model.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein The uplink control channel on a primary cell or a primary-secondary cell in the first frequency range is configured, and wherein transmitting the measurement information further comprises: Transmitting the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the first frequency range.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the measurement information includes measurement information for measurement values of the reference signal received in the first frequency band, and wherein the predicted measurement values in the second frequency band include predicted channel measurement values.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein The reference signal is a channel state information reference signal.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The measurements are performed in the first frequency band.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein The measurement information identifies the predicted measurement value in the second frequency band.

15. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to: receive a reference signal in a first frequency band of a first frequency range; perform measurements of the reference signal; determine a predicted measurement value in a second frequency band of a second frequency range using a model and at least partially based on the measurement value of the reference signal received in the first frequency band of the first frequency range, wherein the second frequency band is different from the first frequency band; and transmit measurement information for the second frequency band at least partially based on the predicted measurement value.

16. The UE according to claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: transmit a request for the reference signal in the first frequency band; and receive the reference signal in the first frequency band at least partially based on the request.

17. The UE according to claim 15, wherein the model is a machine learning model, and the machine learning model is trained at least partially based on a training set of measurement values in the first frequency band and measurement values in the second frequency band.

18. The UE according to claim 15, wherein, The model receives, as input, information identifying at least one of the following: the measurement value, angle of arrival information of a channel associated with the reference signal, angle of departure information associated with the channel, information indicating the first frequency band, information indicating the second frequency band, an estimated power delay profile associated with the channel, or location information for the UE.

19. The UE according to claim 15, wherein The model outputs information indicating one or more beam directions associated with the predicted measurement value.

20. The UE according to claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: update the model using a machine learning algorithm at least partially based on comparing the predicted measurement value with an observed measurement value in the second frequency band.

21. The UE according to claim 15, wherein an uplink control channel on a primary cell or a primary-secondary cell in the first frequency range and an uplink control channel on a secondary cell in the second frequency range are configured, and wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: transmit at least a portion of the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range.

22. The UE according to claim 21, wherein, The measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes an indication that the predicted measurement value is at least partially based on a prediction flag.

23. The UE according to claim 21, wherein The measurement information on the uplink control channel in the second frequency range includes a flag indicating that the predicted measurement value is determined using the model.

24. The UE according to claim 15, wherein, The uplink control channel on a primary cell or a primary-secondary cell in the first frequency range is configured, and wherein, when transmitting the measurement information, the one or more processors are further configured to: transmit the measurement information on the uplink control channel in the first frequency range.

25. The UE according to claim 24, wherein the measurement information includes measurement information for measurement values of the reference signal received in the first frequency band, and wherein the predicted measurement values in the second frequency band include predicted channel measurement values.

26. The UE according to claim 15, wherein The reference signal is a channel state information reference signal.

27. The UE according to claim 15, wherein The measurement is performed in the first frequency band.

28. The UE according to claim 15, wherein The measurement information identifies the predicted measurement values in the second frequency band.

29. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon, wherein the program code is executable by one or more processors of a user equipment UE to cause the processors to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-14.

30. An apparatus for wireless communication to be performed at a user equipment UE, the apparatus including components for performing the method according to any one of claims 1-14.

31. A computer program product including computer-readable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-14.

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