Narrowband random access preamble for non-terrestrial network communication

Abstract

Methods, systems, and apparatus for wireless communication are described, wherein random access preambles are designed to provide relatively low inter-carrier interference (ICI) of adjacent available frequency resources in a non-terrestrial network (NTN). The random access preamble for an NTN random access request may be selected from a first set of random access preambles, which differs from a second set of random access preambles used for terrestrial random access requests. The first set of random access preambles may be a subset of the second set. The first set of random access preambles may be provided for contention-based random access (CBRA), and contention-free random access (CFRA) preambles may be configured by the base station from random access preambles that correspond to or differ from the second set.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 364,230, entitled "NARROWBAND RANDOM ACCESS PREAMBLES FOR NON-TERRESTRIAL NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS", filed June 30, 2021, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 049,111, entitled "NARROWBAND RANDOM ACCESS PREAMBLES FOR NON-TERRESTRIAL NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS", filed July 7, 2020, each of which is assigned to the assignee of this application and is expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The following generally relates to wireless communication, and in particular to narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communication. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, message sending and receiving, broadcasting, and so on. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems can employ various technologies, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each of which simultaneously supports communication from multiple communication devices, which may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE).

[0005] In some scenarios, such as when one or more of the gateway, base station, or UE is at a high altitude relative to each other (e.g., in a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or a system with a high-altitude platform station (HAPS), there may be a significant distance between the UE and its serving node. Due to the distance between wireless nodes in such scenarios, the signal strength used for communication may be relatively low, and there may be relatively long round-trip or propagation delays in message transmission (e.g., relative to a terrestrial network). Furthermore, communication in such scenarios may experience a relatively large Doppler shift due to the relatively rapid movement of the nodes relative to each other. Therefore, efficient techniques for managing communication to enhance efficiency and reliability may be desired for such systems.

[0006] Overview

[0007] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses for supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial networks. According to various aspects, the random access preamble can be designed to provide relatively low inter-carrier interference (ICI) for transmission using adjacent available frequency resources in a non-terrestrial network (NTN). In some cases, the random access preamble for an NTN random access request can be selected from a first set of random access preambles, which may have parameters different from those of a second set of random access preambles used for terrestrial network random access messages. In some cases, the first set of random access preambles can facilitate uplink synchronization even when there is a larger frequency shift in the random access message than the second set. In some cases, the first set of random access preambles can be a subset of the second set of random access preambles. For example, in some cases, the initial subcarriers for the random access precodes in the first set can be selected from a subset of the available initial subcarrier set, while the random access precodes for the second set can include the entire set of the available initial subcarrier set. In some cases, the subset of the random access precodes in the first set can be provided for contention-based random access (CBRA) in the NTN, and contention-free random access (CFRA) precodes can be configured by the base station from random access precodes that correspond to or are different from the subset of the random access precodes in the second set.

[0008] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include receiving from a base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to a random access message transmitted over a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted over a terrestrial network; based on this reception, selecting one or more narrowband random access parameters from the first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via a satellite link of the non-terrestrial network; and transmitting the random access message to the base station via the satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters.

[0009] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. These instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to receive from a base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted over a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted over a terrestrial network; based on this reception, to select one or more narrowband random access parameters from the first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via a satellite link of the non-terrestrial network; and to transmit the random access message to the base station via the satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters.

[0010] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include means for: receiving from a base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to a random access message transmitted over a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted over a terrestrial network; based on this reception, selecting one or more narrowband random access parameters from the first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via a satellite link of the non-terrestrial network; and transmitting the random access message to the base station via the satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters.

[0011] A non-transient computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive from a base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to a random access message transmitted over a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted over a terrestrial network; based on this reception, select one or more narrowband random access parameters from the first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via a satellite link of the non-terrestrial network; and transmit the random access message to the base station via the satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters.

[0012] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include initial subcarriers of the first set, which are allocated for a contention-based random access preamble and may differ from the initial subcarriers of the second set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble in the narrowband random access parameters of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, adjacent initial subcarriers in the initial subcarriers of the first set may have a first frequency spacing greater than a second frequency spacing between adjacent initial subcarriers in the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble may have fewer available initial subcarriers per frequency unit than the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the initial subcarriers of the first set have a different range of initial subcarriers than the initial subcarriers of the second set within the total number of available initial subcarriers for both contention-based and contention-free random access.

[0013] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the initial subcarriers of the first set correspond to a subset of the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the initial subcarriers of the first set may be selected from the initial subcarriers of the second set based on one or more of the following: an initial subcarrier index value or an initial subcarrier pattern from the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the initial subcarrier pattern comprises taking one initial subcarrier from every m consecutive initial subcarriers from the second set, where m is an integer.

[0014] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the initial subcarriers of a first set allocated for contention-based random access correspond to a subset of a total number of available initial subcarriers allocated for contention-based and contention-free random access preambles in a second set of narrowband random access parameters, wherein the initial subcarriers of the first set are determined at least in part by an initial subcarrier pattern from the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the initial subcarrier pattern comprises taking one initial subcarrier from every m consecutive initial subcarriers of the total number of available initial subcarriers in the second set of narrowband random access parameters, where m is an integer.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the first set of narrowband random access parameters includes a first set of random access preambles for contention-based random access, having one or more characteristics different from the second set of random access preambles of the narrowband random access parameters. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the first set of random access preambles may have one or more of the following relative to the second set of random access preambles: different preamble repeating unit (PRU) intra-frequency hopping patterns, different PRU inter-frequency hopping patterns, different subcarrier spacing, different number of subcarriers across frequencies, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, at least one PUR intra-frequency hopping pattern specifies that two random access preambles that are frequency-adjacent in the first part of the PRU are not frequency-adjacent in the second part of the PRU.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the random access precodes of the first set are configured from the random access precodes of the first candidate set, and the random access precodes of the second set are configured from the random access precodes of the second candidate set, wherein the precodes of the first candidate set are a subset of the random access precodes of the second candidate set. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, one or more precode formats, precode subcarrier intervals, or any combination thereof of the random access precodes of the second candidate set are excluded from the random access precodes of the first candidate set.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, receiving configuration information may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of a first subset of narrowband random access parameters of a first set (which provides resources corresponding to the first subset) and a second subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides resources corresponding to the second subset), wherein the resources corresponding to the first subset have one or more parameters that differ from the corresponding parameters of the resources in the second subset. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the resources corresponding to the first subset or the second subset are either contention-based random access resources or contention-free random access resources.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the narrowband random access parameters of a first subset use random access parameters that are not different from those of terrestrial random access messages, and the narrowband random access parameters of a second subset use random access parameters specific to non-terrestrial random access messages. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the random access parameters include one or more of the following: a set of initial subcarrier indices, a frequency hopping pattern for the random access preamble, a subcarrier spacing, the number of subcarriers spanning frequencies, or any combination thereof.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, resources corresponding to a first subset and resources corresponding to a second subset reside in the same set of frequency resources but in different time resources, reside in different sets of frequency resources but in the same set of time resources, reside in different frequency and time resources, or are interleaved in the same set of time and frequency resources. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the periodicity of resources corresponding to the first subset differs from the periodicity of resources corresponding to the second subset.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, transmitting random access messages further includes transmitting one or more further random access messages on a satellite link according to a configuration for transmitting periodic contention-free random access preamble messages. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the configuration for periodic contention-free random access resources is received from a base station in radio resource control signaling. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the configuration for periodic contention-free random access resources is activated based on activation signaling received in one or more media access control (MAC) control elements or downlink control information communications from a base station. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the activation signaling includes information regarding adjustments to one or more parameters associated with the one or more further random access messages.

[0021] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving physical layer downlink control information communications from a base station in response to a random access message, providing one or more time or frequency correction commands for communication via a satellite link. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the time or frequency correction command may be provided in the physical layer downlink control information when the indicated correction value is less than a threshold, and wherein the time or frequency correction command is provided in a media access control (MAC) control element when the indicated correction value meets or exceeds the threshold.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set support random access resource configurations that differ from those of the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, associated with one or more repetitions of the preamble repeat unit (PRU). In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, for at least a subset of random access preamble configurations, the maximum number of preamble repeats supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the first set is less than the maximum number of repetitions supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

[0023] A method for wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include transmitting to a UE the configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network; detecting one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link through the non-terrestrial network based on the first set of narrowband random access parameters; and transmitting a random access response to the UE via the satellite link in response to this detection.

[0024] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. These instructions are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to transmit to a UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network; detect one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link through the non-terrestrial network based on the first set of narrowband random access parameters; and transmit a random access response to the UE via the satellite link in response to this detection.

[0025] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include means for performing the following operations: transmitting to a UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network; detecting one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link through the non-terrestrial network based on the first set of narrowband random access parameters; and transmitting a random access response to the UE via the satellite link in response to this detection.

[0026] A non-transient computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a base station. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: transmit to a UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network; detect one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link through the non-terrestrial network based on the first set of narrowband random access parameters; and transmit a random access response to the UE via the satellite link in response to this detection.

[0027] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include initial subcarriers of the first set, which are allocated for a contention-based random access preamble and are different from the initial subcarriers of the second set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble in the narrowband random access parameters of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, adjacent initial subcarriers in the initial subcarriers of the first set may have a first frequency spacing greater than a second frequency spacing between adjacent initial subcarriers in the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble may have fewer available initial subcarriers per frequency unit than the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the initial subcarriers of the first set have a different range of initial subcarriers than the initial subcarriers of the second set within the total number of available initial subcarriers for both contention-based and contention-free random access.

[0028] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the starting subcarriers of the first set correspond to a subset of the starting subcarriers of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the starting subcarriers of the first set may be selected from the starting subcarriers of the second set based on one or more of the following: a starting subcarrier index value or a starting subcarrier pattern from the starting subcarriers of the second set.

[0029] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the initial subcarriers of a first set allocated for contention-based random access correspond to a subset of the total number of available initial subcarriers allocated for contention-based and contention-free random access preambles in the narrowband random access parameters of a second set, wherein the initial subcarriers of the first set are determined at least in part by the initial subcarrier patterns from the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include random access preambles for the first set of contention-based random access, which have one or more characteristics different from the random access preambles of the second set of narrowband random access parameters. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the random access preambles of the first set have one or more of the following relative to the random access preambles of the second set: different preamble repeating unit (PRU) intra-frequency hopping patterns, different PRU inter-frequency hopping patterns, different subcarrier spacing, different number of cross-frequency subcarriers, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and nontransient computer-readable media described herein, at least one frequency hopping mode within a PUR specifies that two random access preambles that are frequency-adjacent in the first part of the PUR are not frequency-adjacent in the second part of the PUR.

[0030] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the random access precodes of the first set are configured from the random access precodes of the first candidate set, and the random access precodes of the second set are configured from the random access precodes of the second candidate set, wherein the precodes of the first candidate set are a subset of the random access precodes of the second candidate set. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, one or more precode formats, precode subcarrier intervals, or any combination thereof of the random access precodes of the second candidate set are excluded from the random access precodes of the first candidate set.

[0031] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the transmission of configuration information may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting an indication of a first subset of narrowband random access parameters of a first set (which provides resources corresponding to the first subset) and a second subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides resources corresponding to the second subset), wherein the resources corresponding to the first subset have one or more parameters that are different from the corresponding parameters of the resources in the second subset. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the narrowband random access parameters of the first subset use random access parameters that are not different from those of terrestrial random access messages, and the narrowband random access parameters of the second subset use random access parameters specific to non-terrestrial random access messages.

[0032] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, random access parameters include one or more of the following: a set of initial subcarrier indices, a frequency hopping mode for a random access preamble, a subcarrier spacing, the number of subcarriers spanning frequencies, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, resources corresponding to a first subset and resources corresponding to a second subset are located in the same set of frequency resources but in different time resources, in different sets of frequency resources but in the same set of time resources, in different frequency and time resources, or interleaved in the same set of time and frequency resources.

[0033] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, receiving a random access message further includes receiving one or more further random access messages on a satellite link according to a configuration for the transmission of periodic contention-free random access messages. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the configuration for periodic contention-free random access resources is transmitted to the UE in radio resource control signaling and activated based on activation signaling transmitted in one or more of the media access control (MAC) control elements or downlink control information communications from the base station. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the activation signaling includes information regarding adjustments to one or more parameters associated with the one or more further random access messages.

[0034] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting physical layer downlink control information communications to the UE in response to a random access message, providing one or more of time or frequency correction commands for communications via a satellite link. In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the first set of narrowband random access parameters supports random access resource configurations different from those of the second set of narrowband random access parameters, associated with one or more repetitions of a preamble repeat unit (PRU). In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, for at least a subset of random access preamble configurations, the maximum number of preamble repeats supported by the first set of narrowband random access parameters is less than the maximum number of repetitions supported by the second set of narrowband random access parameters. Brief description of the attached diagram

[0036] Figure 1 Examples of systems for supporting narrowband random access preambles for wireless communication used in non-terrestrial network communications are explained according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system that supports narrowband random access preamble for non-terrestrial network communication, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is explained.

[0038] Figure 3 An example of narrowband random access preamble time-frequency mapping supporting various aspects of this disclosure for use in non-terrestrial network communications is explained.

[0039] Figures 4 to 7 Examples of narrowband random access resources that support narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications, according to various aspects of this disclosure, are explained.

[0040] Figure 8 and Figure 9 A block diagram of a device supporting narrowband random access preamble for non-terrestrial network communication is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0041] Figure 10 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0042] Figure 11 A diagram of a system including a device supporting narrowband random access preamble for non-terrestrial network communications is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0043] Figure 12 and Figure 13 A block diagram of a device supporting narrowband random access preamble for non-terrestrial network communication is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0044] Figure 14 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0045] Figure 15 A diagram of a system including a device supporting narrowband random access preamble for non-terrestrial network communications is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0046] Figures 16 to 22 A flowchart is shown illustrating a method for supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0047] Detailed description

[0048] Non-terrestrial networks (sometimes referred to as NTNs) can provide coverage by using high-altitude vehicles between user terminals and gateways or base stations (e.g., next-generation B-nodes or gigabit B-nodes, which may be referred to as gNBs and also as access stations or access gateways)). For example, a gateway may transmit data to a satellite, which can then be relayed to the user terminal and vice versa. In some examples, the high-altitude vehicle itself may be a base station. A user terminal may be any device capable of transmitting signals to a satellite. Examples of user terminals may include user equipment (UEs), relay equipment configured to relay signals between a satellite and a user terminal, or a combination thereof. NTNs may involve using High Altitude Platform Stations (HAPSs) and / or satellites to provide coverage for terrestrial base stations and UEs. The terms HAPS and satellite are used interchangeably herein to refer to remote NTN equipment that can provide coverage for one or more other high-altitude or terrestrial devices. Similarly, the terms gateway and base station are used interchangeably herein to refer to network nodes that serve UEs and provide network access to them.

[0049] Gateways and satellites may be thousands of kilometers apart, and electromagnetic waves can take time to propagate over the distances between the gateway and the satellite, and between the satellite and the user terminal. Therefore, the propagation delay of non-terrestrial networks can be many orders of magnitude larger than that of terrestrial networks. Consequently, the round-trip delay (sometimes called RTD) associated with the signal can also be several orders of magnitude larger for non-terrestrial networks than for terrestrial networks. Furthermore, due to the high mobility of high-altitude vehicles (such as non-geostationary satellites), communication with some satellites can induce large and time-varying Doppler shifts.

[0050] In some systems, one or more UEs, satellites, and gateways can support narrowband communication (e.g., narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) communication), where each device can communicate using a relatively narrow frequency bandwidth. Uplink synchronization (in time and frequency) in NB-IoT communication is similar to that in other types of cellular communication systems, achieved by the UE transmitting a "random access preamble" on the narrowband Physical Random Access Channel (NPRACH) in the uplink. The base station receiving the random access preamble can then determine the time-frequency offset of the signal received from the UE relative to the base station's time-frequency resources. In terrestrial systems, a timing advance (TA) command is then provided to the UE to compensate for the timing difference relative to the base station's reference. In some terrestrial systems, the residual frequency offset of such communication is relatively small, and the base station does not need to send a frequency correction command to the UE as long as it is aware of the offset (e.g., carrier frequency offset (CFO)). However, in NTN, the frequency offset between the signal received from the UE and the base station's reference can be relatively large due to multiple Doppler shift components that may occur in the NTN (e.g., due to the continuous motion of the satellite in its orbit). In some cases, such frequency offsets can be significant enough to cause a loss of orthogonality across the subcarriers of the transmissions received at the base station (i.e., inter-carrier interference (ICI) from multiple UEs with (potentially different) frequency offsets). Various aspects of this disclosure provide techniques that allow for efficient uplink communication for NB-IoT over NTNs while taking potentially large frequency offsets into account.

[0051] As described herein, UEs, gateways, and satellites can support random access technologies where the random access preamble can be designed to provide a relatively low ICI on adjacent random access frequency resources used in the NTN. As used herein, "adjacent" resources (e.g., adjacent random access preamble frequency resources) refer to valid resources immediately preceding or following a particular resource (e.g., for valid frequency resources n available for transmitting the random access preamble, adjacent random access resources would be valid frequency resources n-1 and n+1, where the (n-1)th or (n+1)th valid resource may not be frequency-contiguous with the nth valid resource). In some cases, the random access preamble for the NTN random access request can be selected from a first set of random access preambles, which may have parameters different from those of a second set of random access preambles used for terrestrial network random access messages. In some cases, the first set of random access preambles may provide a larger frequency shift in the random access message than the second set of random access preambles used for terrestrial random access requests. In some cases, the random access preamble of the first set may correspond to a subset of the random access preamble of the second set. For example, in some cases, the initial subcarriers used for the random access preambles in the first set may be selected from a subset of the available initial subcarrier set, wherein the random access preambles of the second set may include the entire set of the available initial subcarriers. In some cases, the available initial subcarriers from the entire range of the random access preambles of the second set may be available for contention-based random access (CBRA) and contention-free random access (CFRA), wherein the CBRA preamble may have a finite set of valid initial subcarriers within that range, and wherein the CFRA preamble may be configured by the base station from random access preambles that correspond to or are different from the random access preambles of the second set.

[0052] Specific aspects of the subject matter described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. The described techniques can support improvements in the reliability of random access messages from the UE to the base station in communications using high-altitude and / or high-speed vehicles (e.g., satellites or other non-terrestrial equipment), user terminals, and gateways in non-terrestrial networks, among other advantages. Thus, the supported techniques can include features for enhancing the efficiency of non-terrestrial communications. The described techniques can also support reduced latency in random access procedures and, in some examples, facilitate greater mobility support for user terminals in non-terrestrial networks compared to terrestrial networks, among other benefits.

[0053] The aspects of this disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communication systems. The aspects of this disclosure are also explained using resource diagrams and timing diagrams. The aspects of this disclosure are further explained and described using, and with reference to, apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications.

[0054] Figure 1 Examples of a wireless communication system 100 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure are described. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communications, low latency communications, communications with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0055] Base station 105 can be distributed across a geographical area to form wireless communication system 100, and can be different types of devices or devices with different capabilities. Base station 105 and UE 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 can provide a coverage area 110, and UE 115 and base station 105 can establish one or more communication links 125 on the coverage area 110. Coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographical area over which base station 105 and UE 115 can support signal communication according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0056] Each UE 115 can be distributed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. Each UE 115 can be a different type of device or a device with different capabilities. Figure 1 The document describes some example UE 115s. The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s, base station 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relay equipment, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment). Figure 1 As shown in the image.

[0057] Each base station 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with each other, or both. For example, base station 105 may interface with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul links (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). Base stations 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105), indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130), or directly and indirectly on backhaul links (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces). In some examples, a backhaul link may be or include one or more radio links.

[0058] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include, or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as, base transceiver station, radio base station, access point, radio transceiver, B node, evolved B node (eNB), next-generation B node or gigabit B node (any of which may be referred to as gNB), home B node, home evolved B node, or other suitable terms.

[0059] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or any other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0060] The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that sometimes act as relays, as well as base station 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown in the image.

[0061] UE 115 and base station 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of the radio spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 may support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. UE 115 may be configured to have multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0062] The signal waveform transmitted on the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element may include a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the code rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Thus, the more resource elements the UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate the UE 115 can achieve. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and using multiple spatial layers can further improve the data rate or data integrity of communication with the UE 115.

[0063] The time interval of base station 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as the sampling period T. s =1 / (Δf) max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max This can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, while N f This can represent the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval of a communication resource can be organized according to radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0064] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may (e.g., in the time domain) be divided into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into several time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include several symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple mini-time slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N) symbols. f (Number) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier interval or the operating frequency band.

[0065] A subframe, time slot, mini-slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0066] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier using various techniques. Physical control channels and physical data channels can be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for physical control channels can be defined by the number of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs 115 can monitor or search control regions for control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for control channel candidates can refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information in a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include a common search space set configured to send control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set configured to send control information to a specific UE 115.

[0067] In some examples, base station 105 may be mobile, and thus provide communication coverage to mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. Wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network, in which different types of base stations 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage to various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0068] Wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low latency, or mission-critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more mission-critical services, such as Mission-Critical Talk-to-Talk (MCPTT), Mission-Critical Video (MCVideo), or Mission-Critical Data (MCData)). Support for mission-critical functions may include prioritization of services, and mission-critical services may be used for public safety or general business applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0069] In some examples, UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UE 115 on a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UE 115s utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UE 115s in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or may be unable to receive transmissions from base station 105 for other reasons. In some examples, groups of UE 115s communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between the individual UE 115s without involving base station 105.

[0070] Core network 130 provides user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC). The EPC or 5GC may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a Serving Gateway (S-GW), Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (P-GW), or User Plane Function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to external networks. The control plane entity manages non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by base station 105 associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be delivered through the user plane entity, which provides IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity can connect to network operator IP service 150. Carrier IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0071] Some network devices (such as base station 105) may include sub-components, such as access network entity 140, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with each UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145, which may be referred to as a radio headend, smart radio headend, or transmit / receive point (TRP). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio headends and ANCs) or combined into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0072] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Generally, the 300 MHz to 3 GHz band is referred to as a UHF band or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter. UHF waves can be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but these waves can penetrate various structures sufficiently for macrocells to provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to transmissions using smaller frequencies and longer waves in the lower HF or VHF portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, UHF wave transmission can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0073] Wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in unlicensed frequency bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band). When operating in unlicensed radio spectrum bands, devices (such as base station 105 and UE 115) may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in unlicensed frequency bands may be based on carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in coordination with component carriers operating in licensed frequency bands. Operation in unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, etc.

[0074] Base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ technologies such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may coexist at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with base station 105 may be located in different geographical locations. Base station 105 may have an antenna array with several rows and columns of antenna ports that base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0075] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to shape or guide an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array, such that some signals propagating relative to a particular orientation of the antenna array experience constructive interference, while others experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements may include the transmitting or receiving device applying amplitude offset, phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with that device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., the antenna array relative to the transmitting or receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0076] The wireless communication system 100 includes a base station 105, a user interface (UE) 115, a satellite 120, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be an LTE network, an LTE-A network, an LTE-A Pro network, or an NR network. In some cases, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low latency communication, or communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices.

[0077] The wireless communication system 100 may also include one or more satellites 120. Satellite 120 (or other high-altitude equipment) can communicate with base station 105 (also referred to as a gateway in the NTN) and UE 115 (or other high-altitude or terrestrial communication equipment). Satellite 120 can be any suitable type of communication satellite configured to relay communication between different end nodes in the wireless communication system. Examples of satellite 120 include space satellites, balloons, spacecraft, aircraft, drones, unmanned aerial vehicles, etc. In some examples, satellite 120 may be in geostationary or geostationary orbit, low Earth orbit, or medium Earth orbit. Satellite 120 may be a multi-beam satellite configured to provide service to multiple service beam coverage areas within a predefined geographic service area. Satellite 120 can be at any distance from the Earth's surface.

[0078] In some scenarios, a cell may be provided or established by satellite 120 as part of a non-terrestrial network. In some scenarios, satellite 120 may perform the functions of base station 105, acting as a bend-tube satellite, or acting as a regenerative satellite, or a combination thereof. In other scenarios, satellite 120 may be an example of an intelligent satellite or a satellite with intelligence. For example, an intelligent satellite may be configured to perform more functions than a regenerative satellite (e.g., it may be configured to perform specific algorithms beyond those used in a regenerative satellite, be reprogrammed, etc.). A bend-tube transponder or satellite may be configured to receive signals from ground stations and transmit those signals to different ground stations. In some scenarios, a bend-tube transponder or satellite may amplify signals or switch from uplink frequencies to downlink frequencies. A regenerative transponder or satellite may be configured to relay signals like a bend-tube transponder or satellite, but may also use onboard processing to perform other functions. Examples of those other functions may include demodulating received signals, decoding received signals, re-encoding signals to be transmitted, or modulating signals to be transmitted, or a combination thereof. For example, a curved satellite (e.g., satellite 120) can receive signals from base station 105 and can relay the signals to UE 115 or base station 105, and vice versa.

[0079] UE 115 can communicate with satellite 120 and / or base station or gateway 105 using communication link 125. In some cases, the random access resources for random access messages used by UE 115 can be configured to provide sufficient frequency difference between adjacent frequency resources, such that the ICI caused by the movement of satellite 120 for random access messages using adjacent frequency resources is relatively low or eliminated for communication link 125 via satellite 120. According to the various techniques discussed herein, UE 115 can select random access resources for random access messages via NTN from a different set of available random access resources than those used for terrestrial random access messages.

[0080] Figure 2 Examples of a wireless communication system 200 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communication according to various aspects of this disclosure are described. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement various aspects of the wireless communication system 100. The wireless communication system 200 may include a gateway 105-a (or base station), a UE 115-a, and a satellite 120-a, which may be as described above. Figure 1 Examples of base station 105, UE 115, and satellite 120 are described. In the case of a terrestrial network, gateway 105-a can serve coverage area 110-a, while in the case of NTN, satellite 120-a can serve coverage area 110-a.

[0081] In some examples, satellite 120-a can relay communication between gateway 105-a and UE 115-a. For example, gateway 105-a can communicate with UE 115-a via satellite 120-a, and vice versa. In some examples, for communication originating at gateway 105-a and destined for UE 115-a, gateway 105-a can transmit uplink transmission 205-a to satellite 120-a, which may be referred to as a serving link. Satellite 120-a can relay uplink transmission 205-a as downlink transmission 205-b to UE 115-a, which may be referred to as a feeder link. In other examples, for communication originating from UE 115-a and destined for gateway 105-a, UE 115-a can transmit uplink transmission 210-a to satellite 120-a via a feeder link. Satellite 120-a can relay uplink transmission 210-a as downlink transmission 210-b to gateway 105-a via the service link.

[0082] Gateway 105-a and satellite 120-a can be thousands of kilometers apart, and satellite 120-a can move relative to gateway 105-a at a relatively high speed. Similarly, gateway 105-a and UE 115-a can be thousands of kilometers apart, and satellite 120-a can move relative to UE 115-a at a relatively high speed. Due to the high speed of satellite 120-a, the Doppler shift of communication in non-terrestrial networks can be many orders of magnitude larger than that in terrestrial networks. As a result, in cases where UE 115-a uses NPRACH resources for random access message transmission, such messages may be subject to Doppler shift, such that if a terrestrial NPRACH configuration is implemented, the message will undergo ICI if another UE wants to use a frequency-adjacent random access resource.

[0083] In some cases, the NPRACH preamble for NTN random access requests can be configured to provide tolerance to additional frequency shifts relative to the terrestrial NPRACH configuration. In some cases, the NPRACH preamble can be selected by UE115-a from a first set of random access preambles for NTN communications, which differs from a second set of random access preambles for terrestrial communications. In some cases, the first set of random access preambles may correspond to a subset of the second set of random access preambles. For example, in some cases, the initial subcarriers for the random access preambles in the first set may be selected from a subset of the available initial subcarriers of the second set of random access preambles. In some cases, the entire range of available initial subcarriers from the second set of random access preambles may be available in contention-based random access (CBRA) and contention-free random access (CFRA). In this scenario, the CFRA preamble can have a finite set of valid initial subcarriers within that range, and the CFRA preamble for NTN communication can be configured by the base station from random access preambles that correspond to or differ from the second set of random access preambles. In this scenario, the base station can schedule different UEs 115 with CFRA preambles such that ICI from concurrent random access transmissions is low or nonexistent.

[0084] Figure 3 Examples of a narrowband random access preamble time-frequency map 300 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure are described. In some examples, the narrowband random access preamble time-frequency map 300 can implement various aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. In this example, the frequency resource set in the random access resource set may include several subcarriers available for random access preamble transmission (e.g., a random access request transmitted from a UE to a base station), the number of which may be referred to as the number of subcarriers across the frequency range or...

[0085] The UE may transmit random access preambles on the NPRACH channel for several different purposes, including enabling uplink time-frequency synchronization at the network, requesting channel access, etc. Two types of NPRACH transmissions include UE-initiated communication (also known as contention-based) and network-initiated communication (also known as contention-free). The number of NPRACH preambles can be configured; in this example, the NPRACH preambles include a first preamble 305, a second preamble 310, a third preamble 315, and a fourth preamble 320. The time-frequency mapping of NPRACH preambles 305 to 320 provides a frequency hopping mode that provides enhanced frequency diversity for random access message transmission. Each NPRACH preamble 305 to 320 may include a symbol group 325, which may include 3 or 5 repetitions of OFDM symbols (depending on the preamble format) along with a cyclic prefix (CP). The preamble repetition unit (PRU) 330 may include a configured number of symbol groups, such as... Figure 3 The example shows four symbol groups. Symbol group 325 can follow a frequency hopping pattern, which can be further subdivided into intra-PRU frequency hopping patterns (e.g., a fixed pattern relative to the frequency position of the starting symbol group in the preamble repetition unit) and inter-PRU frequency hopping patterns (e.g., pseudo-randomly determining the frequency position of the starting symbol group in the PRU). With the above structure, the NPRACH preamble (from all configured preambles) can be defined by the frequency position of the first symbol group in the first PRU, which can be determined according to the following formula: Where n init It is the initial subcarrier. It is the number of subcarriers that can be used to map the random access preamble in random access resources, and This is the offset value configured at the UE (e.g., provided by the base station). After the start symbol group in the PRU is determined, the random access preamble can follow the configured frequency hopping pattern, such as in... Figure 3 The description in the document shows an example of FDD preamble format 0, 1, but the techniques discussed in this document can be used with a variety of other preamble formats.

[0086] As in Figure 3 As shown in the example, the NPRACH prefix to be used is thus determined by the variable n. init The decision, wherein, for UE-initiated preamble transmission (i.e., CBRA), the UE's MAC layer is determined from the total possible range set. set Internal picking for n init The value. For network-initiated preamble transmission (i.e., CFRA), the network from the set Instruction ninit The value of . and The value is configured by the network and is indicated by a higher layer to the UE's MAC layer.

[0087] In some cases, for ground-based random access, from the n init The aforementioned value range, a priori, all possible values ​​in this range set are permissible, and two UEs may have randomly selected adjacent values ​​(e.g., differing by one starting subcarrier). and End of discussion. As discussed above, in deployments that may experience relatively large Doppler shifts, random access messages transmitted on adjacent subcarriers may experience ICI, and thus, based on various aspects discussed herein, frequency resources used for random access messages can be selected to avoid ICI. In some cases, for terrestrial NB-IoT random access, since the uplink frequency offset is not in many cases large enough to cause such ICI between "adjacent" preamble sequences at the base station, n is selected for CBRA. init It can be from all possible The value is selected. In other cases, such as reference... Figures 4 to 7 As discussed in the examples, the UE can use a random access preamble that provides reduced ICI in high Doppler frequency shift communication.

[0088] Figure 4 Examples of narrowband random access resources 400 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure are described. In some examples, the narrowband random access resource 400 can implement various aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. In this example, the random access preamble configuration in an NTN deployment can differ from those used for terrestrial deployments.

[0089] In this example, the ground configuration 405 of the preamble may include a non-CBRA preamble subset 410, which may include n reserved for CFRA. init The value can be provided to the UE as part of a network-initiated random access message. In this example, the preamble set 405 configured for terrestrial communication also includes a CBRA preamble subset 415 from which the UE can randomly select for n init The value of . As discussed above, when randomly selected for n init When the value is specified, the UE can select the value from the CBRA preamble subset 415. The selection is made from n, and in the case of network-initiated random access, n init The value can be provided and comes from the entire possible range.

[0090] In some cases, different random access parameters can be used for NTN random access (e.g., for NB-IoT random access via NTN), which provides reduced ICI for communication to or from the UE in the presence of relatively high Doppler shift. Figure 4 In the example, the candidate set 420 of NTN preambles can be configured to include all n from the range of the CBRA preamble subset 430. init The value provides a finite number of valid n values ​​for CBRA. init The value is also provided, along with a non-CBRA preamble subset 425. In this candidate configuration, the CBRA preamble subset 430 may include those n values ​​provided for the ground configuration 405 of the preamble. init In terms of value, the additional possibilities n init Value. In other words, the maximum n used for subset 430. init The value can be greater than the maximum n used for subset 415. init Value. In another example, an NTN preamble 435 can be provided for a second candidate set that does not include a subset, where n init Values ​​can be obtained from all available Value 440 is selected. In such cases, these differences, relative to the ground configuration 405 of the preamble, can be within, for example, the starting subcarrier range (maximum and minimum) for CBRA, where the replacement will come from possible The head of each subcarrier The initial subcarrier allocated to the CBRA is such that the CBRA preamble can span all Several subcarriers are used for configuration, as in the NTN preamble 435 of the second candidate set. In some cases, certain restrictions may be applied to the selectable n. init Values, such as skipping certain starting subcarriers within a range, can be configured to provide robustness against ICI across the CBRA preamble. In some cases, the number of starting subcarriers allocated for the CBRA can be configured such that the CBRA preamble provides a reduced number of starting subcarriers per frequency unit compared to the ground configuration 405 of the preamble. In other cases, the values ​​and / or patterns of the starting subcarriers within a possible range can be configured to provide robustness against ICI across the CBRA preamble. For example, for the CBRA, the UE can select from a set of candidate NTN configurations 420 of the preamble. Randomly select n init This value provides more protection against ICI across valid CBRA preambles. In the example using the second candidate set 435 of NTN preambles, the UE can choose from the set... Randomly select n init The value of . Note Figure 4The example patterns are merely illustrative and are intended to explain and discuss the concept of skipping certain starting subcarriers and / or increasing the range of starting subcarriers to improve the robustness of ICI against CBRA preambles. Other patterns besides these examples may also be used and fall within the scope of this disclosure.

[0091] In other examples, at least for some time-frequency locations used for NTN random access preamble transmission, at least some preambles may differ from ground preambles (e.g., the preamble in 405) in at least one defined characteristic. For example, NTN preambles may have different intra-PRU frequency hopping modes, different inter-PRU frequency hopping modes, different subcarrier spacing (e.g., 7.5 kHz), and different frequency spans (i.e., (e.g., preambles, or any combination thereof, can provide protection against ICI across CBRA preambles. For example, for at least a set of preamble sequences, the intra-PRU frequency hopping mode can be configured such that if two of these sequences are frequency-adjacent in the first part of the PRU, they are not adjacent in the second part of the PRU (while in ground preamble 405, if any two sequences are adjacent in the first part of the PRU, they are also adjacent in the second part of the PRU (adjacent in frequency by the same amount)). In a further case, at least for some time-frequency locations used for random access preamble transmission, certain preambles can be excluded to provide protection against ICI across CBRA preambles. For example, certain preamble formats (e.g., preamble format 2) can be excluded, or preambles with certain subcarrier spacings (e.g., 1.25 kHz) can be excluded. Although Figure 4 The examples illustrate different sets of preambles that can be used for terrestrial and NTN deployments, but such sets of preambles may have other configurations and may be provided in periodic resources, where different resources may have different configurations for NTN random access messages. Figures 5 to 7 Some examples of such random access resource configurations for NTN are shown.

[0092] While the various techniques described provide protection against ICI across CBRA preambles, CFRA preambles can be indicated by the network and can also be selected to provide protection against ICI. When used for uplink time-frequency synchronization, network-initiated CFRA preambles can be used in some cases to track timing and frequency drift over time, the opposite of initial synchronization and correction, where these drifts may be much smaller than the initial offset. As a result, some of the CBRA techniques presented herein may not be necessary for CFRA preambles in NTNs. Consequently, in some cases, at least some properties of CFRA preambles may differ from those of UE-initiated CBRA preambles used for NB-IoT over NTNs. Note that this differs from terrestrial NB-IoT, where the properties of both CFRA and CBRA preambles are the same. For example, CFRA preambles in NTNs may follow terrestrial NB-IoT designs (e.g., legacy subcarrier spacing, unrestricted n within the CFRA preamble space). init Old-style frequency hopping mode, old-style (etc.), and at least some CBRA preambles can be incorporated into some designs described herein for providing protection against ICI across CBRA preambles.

[0093] In some scenarios, network-initiated CFRA preamble transmissions can be triggered in NDPCCH order, where a specific DCI encoding (e.g., DCI format N1) indicates to the UE the resources and preamble to be transmitted on NPRACH. In NTN deployments, this drift can follow a relatively predetermined evolution, attributed to predictable Doppler shifts caused by the regularized orbits of satellites, etc. As a result, the network can determine (e.g., every 10 seconds) that the UE needs to correct its accumulated drift. For such use cases, for NB-IoT over NTN, the UE can be configured for periodic transmissions with CFRA preambles. This configuration can be via higher layers (e.g., RRC signaling) and, in some cases, can be activated or deactivated by DCI. In some cases, activating / deactivating DCI can also adjust parameters such as transmission periodicity, first transmission timing, etc.

[0094] In some scenarios, timing correction (e.g., timing advance (TA) commands) is provided by the MAC control element (CE), which requires the NB-IoT UE to monitor the NPDSCH to receive such commands. An exception is for transmissions on pre-configured uplink resources (PURs), where the DCI (on the NDPCCH) can provide TA commands, thereby saving UE power by eliminating the need to monitor the NPDSCH. Furthermore, for NTNs, frequency correction commands (similar to TA commands) can be provided to the UE to compensate for frequency shifts. In some scenarios, the NB-IoT UE in an NTN can receive time and / or frequency correction commands in the physical layer DCI. In some cases, if the time / frequency offset is relatively small (e.g., below a threshold), such commands can be provided in the DCI; otherwise, they can be provided in the MAC-CE.

[0095] Additionally, due to the relatively rapid changes in satellite beams (e.g., especially for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites), the very large number of repetitions for NB-IoT channels (e.g., according to coverage enhancement techniques designed for deep coverage) may be infeasible for NTN deployments. As a result, the supported NPRACH resource configuration (e.g., the number of repetitions specifying PRUs) can differ for NTNs and for terrestrial random access. In particular, the maximum number of repetitions supported for NPRACH in NTNs can be less than the maximum number of repetitions supported for NPRACH in terrestrial environments.

[0096] Figure 5 Examples of narrowband random access resources 500 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure are described. In some examples, the narrowband random access resource 500 can implement various aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. In this example, a periodic random access resource 505 can be configured.

[0097] In this example, random access resource 505 may include a preamble with an NTN or restrictions (e.g., as referenced). Figure 4 The discussion covers resources 510 of the first set and resources 515 of the second set, which are no different from ground preambles in attributes and configuration (e.g., there are no restrictions on the choice of preambles as in ground preambles). In some cases, resources 510 of the first set can be used for CBBRA, and resources 515 of the second set can be used for CFRA. In other cases, both resources 510 of the first set and resources 515 of the second set can be used for CFRA, and only resources 510 of the first set can be used for CBRA. Figure 5In the example, the periodicity of random access resource 505 can be defined by an offset value 520 (S1) and a period 525 (P1). Thus, random access resource 505-a can occur at a time S1 later than the reference start time, and subsequent instances 505-b and 505-c of the random access resource occur according to period 525. UEs operating in this deployment can select a random access preamble based on random access resource 505.

[0098] Figure 6 Examples of narrowband random access resources 600 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure are described. In some examples, the narrowband random access resource 600 can implement various aspects of the wireless communication system 100. In this example, a periodic random access resource 605 can be configured.

[0099] In this example, random access resource 605 may include interleaving preamble 610, in which a preamble having constraints or parameters for NTN (e.g., as referenced) Figure 4 The precodes discussed here are interleaved with those that are no different from ground precodes in terms of attributes and configuration (e.g., there are no restrictions on the choice of precodes, as in ground precodes). In some cases, precodes with constraints or parameters for NTN can be used for CBRA and other interleaved precodes (i.e., unrestricted) can be used for CFRA. In this example, the periodicity of random access resource 605 can be defined by offset value 620 (S1) and period 625 (P1). Thus, the first instance of random access resource 605-a can occur at a time S1 later than the reference start time, and the second instance 605-b and the third instance 605-c of random access resource occur according to period 625. UEs operating in such deployments can select random access precodes based on random access resource 605.

[0100] Figure 7 Examples of narrowband random access resources 700 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure are described. In some examples, the narrowband random access resource 700 can implement various aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. In this example, a periodic random access resource 705 can be configured.

[0101] In this example, the random access resource 715 of the first set may occur with a shorter periodicity compared to the random access resource 710 of the second set (which has a longer periodicity). In some cases, the random access resource 715 of the first set may have an NTN preamble or restrictions (e.g., as referenced). Figure 4(As discussed) and the second set of resources 710 uses a preamble that is no different from the ground preamble in terms of attributes and configuration (e.g., there are no restrictions on the choice of preamble as in the ground preamble). In some cases, the random access resources 710 of the second set can be used for CFRA and can provide enhanced scheduling flexibility to the base station, while the random access resources 715 of the first set can be used for CBRA. In this example, the first periodicity of the random access resources 710 of the second set can be defined by a first offset value 720 (S1) and a first period 730 (P1). In this example, the second periodicity of the random access resources 715 of the first set can be defined by a second offset value 725 (S2) and a second period 735 (P2).

[0102] In some cases, the second periodicity 735 may be greater than the first periodicity 730, thereby allowing the second set of random access resources 710 to have more resources than the first set of random access resources 715. In such examples, the UE may be allocated resources for random access messages based on the probability of frequency errors that may exist in communications from that UE. For example, the second set of random access resources 710 may be designed for UEs with poor or no Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) support and, as a result, may have larger residual frequency errors, while the first set of random access resources 715 may be designed for UEs with both GNSS support and relatively fewer uncompensated errors. In some cases, the first set of random access resources 715 (e.g., having attributes such as skipped initial subcarriers) may occur less frequently than the second set of random access resources 710 so as not to unnecessarily reduce overall random access capacity due to the existence of a relatively small number of UEs with poor or no GNSS support and / or poor internal compensation.

[0103] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 805 may be an example of various aspects of UE 115 as described herein. Device 805 may include a receiver 810, a communications manager 815, and a transmitter 820. Device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0104] Receiver 810 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications). The information can be transmitted to other components of device 805. Receiver 810 can be a reference... Figure 11Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1120 described herein. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0105] The communication manager can receive from the base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted over a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted over a terrestrial network; based on this reception, it selects one or more narrowband random access parameters from the first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via a satellite link of the non-terrestrial network; and transmits the random access message to the base station via the satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters. The communication manager 815 can be an example of various aspects of the communication manager 1110 described herein.

[0106] The communication manager 815 or its sub-components may be implemented in hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 815 or its sub-components may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure.

[0107] The communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 815 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, transceivers, network servers, another computing device, one or more other components described in this disclosure, or combinations thereof.

[0108] Transmitter 820 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 805. In some examples, transmitter 820 may coexist with receiver 810 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 820 may be a reference... Figure 11 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1120 described. The transmitter 820 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0109] Figure 9A block diagram 900 of a device 905 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 905 may be an example of aspects of device 805 or UE 115 as described herein. Device 905 may include a receiver 910, a communications manager 915, and a transmitter 935. Device 905 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0110] Receiver 910 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications). The information can be transmitted to other components of device 905. Receiver 910 can be a reference... Figure 11 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1120 described herein. The receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0111] Communication manager 915 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 815 as described herein. Communication manager 915 may include configuration manager 920, random access manager 925, and NTN communication manager 930. Communication manager 915 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 1110 as described herein.

[0112] Configuration manager 920 can receive configuration information from base station for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network.

[0113] Based on this, the random access manager 925 can select one or more narrowband random access parameters from the first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via the satellite link of the non-terrestrial network.

[0114] The NTN Communication Manager 930 can use the selected narrowband random access parameters to transmit the random access message to the base station via a satellite link.

[0115] Transmitter 935 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 905. In some examples, transmitter 935 may coexist with receiver 910 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 935 may be a reference... Figure 11 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1120 are described. The transmitter 935 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0116] Figure 10A block diagram 1000 of a communication manager 1005 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 1005 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 815, communication manager 915, or communication manager 1110 described herein. The communication manager 1005 may include a configuration manager 1010, a random access manager 1015, an NTN communication manager 1020, a random access parameter manager 1025, and a DCI manager 1030. Each of these modules may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0117] Configuration manager 1010 may receive from a base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network. In some examples, configuration manager 1010 may receive indications for a first subset of the narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides contention-free random access resources) and a second subset of the narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides contention-based random access resources), wherein the contention-free random access resources have one or more parameters that are different from the corresponding parameters of the contention-based random access resources.

[0118] In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include random access precodes for contention-based random access, which have one or more characteristics different from the random access precodes of the second set of narrowband random access parameters. In some cases, the random access precodes of the first set are configured from the random access precodes of a first candidate set, and the random access precodes of the second set are configured from the random access precodes of a second candidate set, wherein the precodes of the first candidate set are a subset of the random access precodes of the second candidate set. In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include narrowband random access parameters of a first subset corresponding to terrestrial network narrowband random access parameters, and narrowband random access parameters of a second subset different from terrestrial network narrowband random access parameters.

[0119] In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first subset and the narrowband random access parameters of the second subset reside in the same set of frequency resources but in different time resources, in different sets of frequency resources but in the same set of time resources, or in different frequency and time resources. In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set support random access resource configurations different from those of the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, associated with one or more repetitions of the preamble repeat unit (PRU). In some cases, for at least a subset of random access preamble configurations, the maximum number of preamble repetitions supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the first set is less than the maximum number of repetitions supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

[0120] The random access manager 1015 may, based on this receipt, select one or more narrowband random access parameters from a first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via the satellite link of the non-terrestrial network. In some cases, transmitting the random access message further includes transmitting one or more further random access messages on the satellite link according to a configuration for periodic contention-free random access message transmission. In some cases, the configuration for periodic contention-free random access resources is received from the base station in radio resource control signaling and activated based on activation signaling received in one or more of the media access control (MAC) control elements or downlink control information communications from the base station. In some cases, the activation signaling includes information regarding adjustments to one or more parameters associated with the one or more further random access messages.

[0121] The NTN communication manager 1020 can use the selected narrowband random access parameters to transmit the random access message to the base station via a satellite link.

[0122] The random access parameter manager 1025 allows adjacent initial subcarriers in the first set of initial subcarriers to have a first frequency spacing, which is greater than a second frequency spacing between adjacent initial subcarriers in the second set of initial subcarriers. In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble, and are different from the initial subcarriers of the second set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble in the narrowband random access parameters of the second set. In some cases, the initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble have fewer available initial subcarriers per frequency unit than the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some cases, the initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble have a different range of initial subcarriers than the initial subcarriers of the second set within a total number of available initial subcarriers. In some cases, the initial subcarriers of the first set include one or more initial subcarriers allocated for a contention-free random access preamble in the narrowband random access parameters of the second set. In some cases, the starting subcarriers of the first set allocated for contention-based random access correspond to a subset of the starting subcarriers of the second set. In some cases, the starting subcarriers of the first set are selected from the starting subcarriers of the second set based on one or more of the starting subcarrier index value or starting subcarrier pattern from the starting subcarriers of the second set.

[0123] In some cases, the initial subcarriers allocated for a first set of contention-based random access correspond to a subset of the total number of available initial subcarriers allocated for contention-based and contention-free random access preambles in the narrowband random access parameters of a second set. In some cases, the random access preambles of the first set have one or more of the following relative to the second set of random access preambles: different preamble repetition unit (PRU) intra-frequency hopping patterns, different PRU inter-frequency hopping patterns, different subcarrier spacings, different numbers of subcarriers spanning frequencies, or any combination thereof. In some cases, at least one PRU intra-frequency hopping pattern specifies that two random access preambles that are frequency-adjacent in the first part of the PRU are not frequency-adjacent in the second part of the PRU. In some cases, one or more preamble formats, preamble subcarrier spacings, or any combination thereof of the random access preambles of the second candidate set are excluded from the random access preambles of the first candidate set.

[0124] In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first subset use the same random access parameters as those of the terrestrial random access messages, and the narrowband random access parameters of the second subset use random access parameters specific to non-terrestrial random access messages. In some cases, the random access parameters include one or more of the following: the set of starting subcarrier indices, the frequency hopping mode for the random access preamble, the subcarrier spacing, the number of subcarriers across frequencies, or any combination thereof.

[0125] The DCI manager 1030 can receive physical layer downlink control information communications from the base station in response to random access messages, which provides one or more of time or frequency correction commands for communications via satellite links.

[0126] Figure 11 A diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1105 may be an example of device 805, device 905, or UE 115 as described herein, or a component including the aforementioned devices. Device 1105 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1110, an I / O controller 1115, a transceiver 1120, an antenna 1125, a memory 1130, and a processor 1140. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1145).

[0127] The communication manager 1110 can receive from the base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted over a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted over a terrestrial network; based on this reception, it selects one or more narrowband random access parameters from the first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via a satellite link of the non-terrestrial network; and uses the selected narrowband random access parameters to transmit the random access message to the base station via the satellite link.

[0128] I / O controller 1115 manages the input and output signals of device 1105. I / O controller 1115 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 1105. In some cases, I / O controller 1115 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 1115 may utilize an operating system, such as... MS- MS- OS / Or another known operating system. In other cases, I / O controller 1115 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, I / O controller 1115 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with device 1105 via I / O controller 1115 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 1115.

[0129] Transceiver 1120 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, transceiver 1120 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1120 may also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0130] In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 1125. However, in other cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1125, which may be able to transmit or receive multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0131] Memory 1130 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 1130 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1135 including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1130 may particularly include a BIOS that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0132] Processor 1140 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1140 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1140. Processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1130) to cause device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications).

[0133] Code 1135 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of this disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communication. Code 1135 may be stored in a non-transient computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, code 1135 may not be directly executed by processor 1140, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0134] Figure 12 A block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1205 may be an example of various aspects of base station 105 as described herein. Device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a communications manager 1215, and a transmitter 1220. Device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0135] Receiver 1210 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications). The information can be transmitted to other components of device 1205. Receiver 1210 can be a reference... Figure 15 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1520 described. The receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0136] Communication manager 1215 can transmit to the UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, which differs from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network; detect one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link on a non-terrestrial network based on the first set of narrowband random access parameters; and transmit a random access response to the UE via the satellite link in response to this detection. Communication manager 1215 may be an example of various aspects of communication manager 1510 described herein.

[0137] The communication manager 1215 or its sub-components may be implemented in hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 1215 or its sub-components may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure.

[0138] The communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents may be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 1215 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, transceivers, network servers, another computing device, one or more other components described in this disclosure, or combinations thereof.

[0139] Transmitter 1220 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 1205. In some examples, transmitter 1220 may coexist with receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1220 may be a reference... Figure 15 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1520 described. The transmitter 1220 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0140] Figure 13 A block diagram 1300 of a device 1305 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 1305 may be an example of aspects of device 1205 or base station 105 as described herein. Device 1305 may include a receiver 1310, a communications manager 1315, and a transmitter 1335. Device 1305 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0141] Receiver 1310 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to narrowband random access preambles used for non-terrestrial network communications). The information can be transmitted to other components of device 1305. Receiver 1310 can be a reference... Figure 15 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1520 described. The receiver 1310 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0142] Communication manager 1315 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 1215 as described herein. Communication manager 1315 may include configuration manager 1320, random access manager 1325, and NTN communication manager 1330. Communication manager 1315 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 1510 as described herein.

[0143] Configuration manager 1320 can transmit to the UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network.

[0144] The random access manager 1325 can detect one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link through a non-terrestrial network based on a first set of narrowband random access parameters.

[0145] In response to this detection, the NTN communication manager 1330 can transmit a random access response to the UE via a satellite link.

[0146] Transmitter 1335 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 1305. In some examples, transmitter 1335 may coexist with receiver 1310 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1335 may be a reference... Figure 15 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1520 described. The transmitter 1335 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0147] Figure 14 A block diagram 1400 is shown of a communication manager 1405 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 1405 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1215, communication manager 1315, or communication manager 1510 described herein. The communication manager 1405 may include a configuration manager 1410, a random access manager 1415, an NTN communication manager 1420, a random access parameter manager 1425, and a DCI manager 1430. Each of these modules may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0148] Configuration manager 1410 can transmit to the UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network.

[0149] In some examples, configuration manager 1410 may transmit indications of a first subset of narrowband random access parameters of a first set (which provides contention-free random access resources) and a second subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides contention-based random access resources). The contention-free random access resource has one or more parameters that differ from the corresponding parameters of the contention-based random access resource. In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include a random access preamble for contention-based random access of the first set, which has one or more characteristics that differ from the random access preamble of the second set of narrowband random access parameters of the second set. In some cases, configuration for periodic contention-free random access resources is transmitted to the UE in radio resource control signaling and activated based on activation signaling transmitted in one or more of the media access control (MAC) control elements or downlink control information communications from the base station. In some cases, the activation signaling includes information regarding adjustments to one or more parameters associated with the one or more further random access messages. In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set support random access resource configurations different from those of the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, associated with one or more repetitions of the preamble repeat unit (PRU). In some cases, for at least a subset of random access preamble configurations, the maximum number of preamble repeats supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the first set is less than the maximum number of repetitions supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

[0150] The random access manager 1415 can detect one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link over a non-terrestrial network based on a first set of narrowband random access parameters. In some cases, receiving random access messages further includes receiving one or more further random access messages on the satellite link according to a configuration for periodic contention-free random access message transmission.

[0151] In response to this detection, the NTN communication manager 1420 can transmit a random access response to the UE via a satellite link.

[0152] The random access parameter manager 1425 allows adjacent initial subcarriers in the first set of initial subcarriers to have a first frequency spacing, which is greater than a second frequency spacing between adjacent initial subcarriers in the second set of initial subcarriers. In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble, and are different from the initial subcarriers of the second set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble in the narrowband random access parameters of the second set. In some cases, the initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble have fewer available initial subcarriers per frequency unit than the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some cases, the initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for a contention-based random access preamble have a different range of initial subcarriers than the initial subcarriers of the second set within a total number of available initial subcarriers. In some cases, the initial subcarriers of the first set include one or more initial subcarriers allocated for a contention-free random access preamble in the narrowband random access parameters of the second set. In some cases, the initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for contention-based random access correspond to a subset of the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some cases, the initial subcarriers of the first set are selected from the initial subcarriers of the second set based on one or more of the initial subcarrier index value or the initial subcarrier pattern originating from the initial subcarriers of the second set. In some cases, the initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for contention-based random access correspond to a subset of the total number of available initial subcarriers allocated for the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, both based on contention-based and contention-free random access preambles.

[0153] In some cases, the first set of random access precodes has one or more of the following characteristics relative to the second set of random access precodes: different precode repetition unit (PRU) intra-frequency hopping patterns, different PRU inter-frequency hopping patterns, different subcarrier spacing, different number of subcarriers across frequencies, or any combination thereof. In some cases, at least one PRU intra-frequency hopping pattern specifies that two random access precodes that are frequency-adjacent in the first part of the PRU are not frequency-adjacent in the second part of the PRU.

[0154] In some cases, the random access precodes of the first set are configured from the random access precodes of the first candidate set, and the random access precodes of the second set are configured from the random access precodes of the second candidate set, wherein the precodes of the first candidate set are a subset of the random access precodes of the second candidate set. In some cases, one or more precode formats, precode subcarrier spacings, or any combination thereof of the random access precodes of the second candidate set are excluded from the random access precodes of the first candidate set. In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first subset use the same random access parameters as those of terrestrial random access messages, and the narrowband random access parameters of the second subset use random access parameters specific to non-terrestrial random access messages. In some cases, the random access parameters include one or more of the following: a set of starting subcarrier indices, a frequency hopping mode for the random access precodes, a subcarrier spacing, the number of subcarriers across frequencies, or any combination thereof.

[0155] In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include narrowband random access parameters of a first subset corresponding to the narrowband random access parameters of the terrestrial network, and narrowband random access parameters of a second subset different from the narrowband random access parameters of the terrestrial network. In some cases, the narrowband random access parameters of the first subset and the narrowband random access parameters of the second subset are located in the same set of frequency resources but in different time resources, in different sets of frequency resources but in the same set of time resources, or in different frequency and time resources.

[0156] The DCI manager 1430 can transmit physical layer downlink control information communications to the UE in response to random access messages, providing one or more of time or frequency correction commands for communications via satellite links.

[0157] Figure 15 A diagram of a system 1500 including a device 1505 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1505 may be an example of device 1205, device 1305, or base station 105 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 1505 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1510, a network communication manager 1515, a transceiver 1520, an antenna 1525, a memory 1530, a processor 1540, and an inter-station communication manager 1545. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1550).

[0158] The communication manager 1510 can transmit to the UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network; detect one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link on a non-terrestrial network based on the first set of narrowband random access parameters; and transmit a random access response to the UE via the satellite link in response to this detection.

[0159] The network communication manager 1515 can manage communication with the core network (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communication manager 1515 can manage the delivery of data communication by client devices (such as one or more UEs 115).

[0160] Transceiver 1520 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, transceiver 1520 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1520 may also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0161] In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 1525. However, in other cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1525, which may be able to transmit or receive multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0162] Memory 1530 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. Memory 1530 may store computer-readable code 1535 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1540), cause the device to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1530 may, in particular, include a BIOS that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0163] Processor 1540 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1540 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In some cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1540. Processor 1540 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1530) to cause device 1505 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications).

[0164] Inter-site communication manager 1545 manages communication with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for cooperating with other base stations 105 to control communication with UE 115. For example, inter-site communication manager 1545 may coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques, such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, inter-site communication manager 1545 may provide an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to facilitate communication between base stations 105.

[0165] Code 1535 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of this disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communication. Code 1535 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, code 1535 may not be directly executed by processor 1540, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0166] Figure 16 A flowchart of a method 1600 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1600 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The described communication manager is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Alternatively or alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0167] At 1605, the UE may receive from the base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network. Operation of 1605 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1605 may be provided as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The configuration manager described is used to execute this.

[0168] In step 1610, the UE can receive this and select one or more narrowband random access parameters from a first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via the satellite link of the non-terrestrial network. The operation of step 1610 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of step 1610 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The described random access manager is used to execute this.

[0169] In step 1615, the UE can transmit the random access message to the base station via a satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters. Operation of step 1615 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of step 1615 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The NTN communication manager described is used to execute this.

[0170] Figure 17 A flowchart of a method 1700 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1700 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1700 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The described communication manager is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Alternatively or alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0171] At 1705, the UE may receive from the base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network. Operation of 1705 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1705 may be provided as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The configuration manager described is used to execute this.

[0172] At 1710, the UE may receive indications of a first subset of narrowband random access parameters of a first set (which provides contention-free random access resources) and a second subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides contention-based random access resources), wherein the contention-free random access resources have one or more parameters that differ from the corresponding parameters of the contention-based random access resources. Operation of 1710 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1710 may be provided by reference to... Figures 8 to 11 The configuration manager described is used to execute this.

[0173] In step 1715, the UE can, based on this, select one or more narrowband random access parameters from a first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via the satellite link of the non-terrestrial network for the purpose of transmission. Operation of step 1715 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of step 1715 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The described random access manager is used to execute this.

[0174] At 1720, the UE can transmit the random access message to the base station via a satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters. Operation of 1720 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1720 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The NTN communication manager described is used to execute this.

[0175] Figure 18 A flowchart of a method 1800 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1800 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1800 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 8 to 11 The described communication manager is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Alternatively or alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0176] At 1805, the UE may receive from the base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network. Operation of 1805 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1805 may be provided as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The configuration manager described is used to execute this.

[0177] In step 1810, the UE can, based on this, select one or more narrowband random access parameters from a first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via the satellite link of the non-terrestrial network. The operation of step 1810 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of step 1810 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The described random access manager is used to execute this.

[0178] In step 1815, the UE can transmit the random access message to the base station via a satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters. Operation of step 1815 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of step 1815 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The NTN communication manager described is used to execute this.

[0179] In 1820, the UE may transmit random access messages, further including transmitting one or more further random access messages on the satellite link according to the configuration for periodic contention-free random access message transmission. Operation of 1820 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1820 may be as described in reference... Figures 8 to 11 The described random access manager is used to execute this.

[0180] Figure 19 A flowchart of a method 1900 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1900 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1900 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 8 to 11 The described communication manager is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Alternatively or alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0181] In step 1905, the UE may receive from the base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network. Operation of step 1905 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of step 1905 may be determined by reference to... Figures 8 to 11 The configuration manager described is used to execute this.

[0182] In step 1910, the UE can receive and select one or more narrowband random access parameters from a first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via the satellite link of the non-terrestrial network. Operation of step 1910 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of step 1910 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The described random access manager is used to execute this.

[0183] In step 1915, the UE can transmit the random access message to the base station via a satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters. Operation of step 1915 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of step 1915 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The NTN communication manager described is used to execute this.

[0184] In 1920, the UE may receive physical layer downlink control information communications from the base station in response to a random access message, which provides one or more time or frequency correction commands for communications via a satellite link. Operation of 1920 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1920 may be provided as referenced... Figures 8 to 11 The described DCI manager is used to execute this.

[0185] Figure 20A flowchart of a method 2000 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2000 may be implemented by a base station 105 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2000 may be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 12 to 15 The described communication manager is used to perform this. In some examples, the base station can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0186] In 2005, the base station may transmit to the UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network. Operation of 2005 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2005 may be provided as referenced... Figures 12 to 15 The configuration manager described is used to execute this.

[0187] In 2010, the base station can detect one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link through a non-terrestrial network based on a first set of narrowband random access parameters. Operation of 2010 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2010 can be determined by referring to... Figures 12 to 15 The described random access manager is used to execute this.

[0188] In 2015, the base station may respond to this detection by transmitting a random access response to the UE via a satellite link. Operation of 2015 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2015 may be determined by reference to... Figures 12 to 15 The NTN communication manager described is used to execute this.

[0189] Figure 21 A flowchart of a method 2100 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2100 may be implemented by a base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. For example, operation of method 2100 may be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 12 to 15 The described communication manager is used to perform this. In some examples, the base station can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0190] At 2105, the base station may transmit to the UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network. Operation of 2105 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2105 may be provided by reference to... Figures 12 to 15 The configuration manager described is used to execute this.

[0191] In 2110, the base station may transmit indications of a first subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides contention-free random access resources) and a second subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides contention-based random access resources), wherein the contention-free random access resources have one or more parameters that differ from the corresponding parameters of the contention-based random access resources. The operation of 2110 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2110 may be provided by reference to... Figures 12 to 15 The configuration manager described is used to execute this.

[0192] In step 2115, the base station can detect one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link through a non-terrestrial network based on a first set of narrowband random access parameters. The operation of step 2115 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of step 2115 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 12 to 15 The described random access manager is used to execute this.

[0193] At 2120, the base station may, in response to this detection, transmit a random access response to the UE via a satellite link. The operation of 2120 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2120 may be determined by reference to... Figures 12 to 15 The NTN communication manager described is used to execute this.

[0194] Figure 22 A flowchart of a method 2200 supporting narrowband random access preambles for non-terrestrial network communications according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2200 may be implemented by a base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. For example, operation of method 2200 may be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 12 to 15 The described communication manager is used to perform this. In some examples, the base station can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0195] At 2205, the base station may transmit to the UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from the second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network. Operation of 2205 may be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2205 may be provided as referenced... Figures 12 to 15 The configuration manager described is used to execute this.

[0196] In 2210, the base station can detect one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link through a non-terrestrial network based on a first set of narrowband random access parameters. The operation of 2210 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2210 can be determined by referring to... Figures 12 to 15 The described random access manager is used to execute this.

[0197] In 2215, the base station may, in response to this detection, transmit a random access response to the UE via a satellite link. The operation of 2215 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2215 may be determined by reference to... Figures 12 to 15 The NTN communication manager described is used to execute this.

[0198] In 2220, the base station may, in response to a random access message, transmit physical layer downlink control information communication to the UE, providing one or more of time or frequency correction commands for communication via a satellite link. Operation of 2220 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2220 may be provided by reference to... Figures 12 to 15 The described DCI manager is used to execute this.

[0199] It should be noted that the methods described in this paper describe possible implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are also possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods can be combined.

[0200] The following provides an overview of the various aspects of this disclosure:

[0201] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: receiving from a base station configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to a random access message transmitted over a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message transmitted over a terrestrial network; at least partially based on receiving this, selecting one or more narrowband random access parameters from the first set of narrowband random access parameters for a random access message to be transmitted to the base station via a satellite link of the non-terrestrial network; and transmitting the random access message to the base station via the satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters.

[0202] Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, wherein the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include the starting subcarriers of the first set, which are assigned based on contention-based random access preambles, and are different from the starting subcarriers of the second set assigned based on contention-based random access preambles in the narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

[0203] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, wherein adjacent initial subcarriers in the first set of initial subcarriers have a first frequency interval, which is greater than a second frequency interval between adjacent initial subcarriers in the second set of initial subcarriers.

[0204] Aspect 4: The method of any of Aspects 2 to 3, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set allocated for contention-based random access preamble have fewer starting subcarriers per frequency unit than the starting subcarriers of the second set.

[0205] Aspect 5: The method of any of Aspects 2 to 4, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set have a different range of starting subcarriers than the starting subcarriers of the second set within the total number of available starting subcarriers for contention-based random access and contention-free random access.

[0206] Aspect 6: The method of any of Aspects 2 to 5, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set correspond to a subset of the starting subcarriers of the second set.

[0207] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set are selected from the starting subcarriers of the second set based at least in part on one or more of the starting subcarrier index values ​​or starting subcarrier patterns from the starting subcarriers of the second set.

[0208] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 7, wherein the starting subcarrier pattern comprises taking one starting subcarrier from every m consecutive starting subcarriers from the second set of starting subcarriers, where m is an integer.

[0209] Aspect 9: The method of any of Aspects 2 to 8, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set allocated for contention-based random access correspond to a subset of the total number of available starting subcarriers allocated for the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, both contention-based and contention-free random access preambles, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set are determined at least in part by the starting subcarrier patterns from the starting subcarriers of the second set.

[0210] Aspect 10: The method of aspect 9, wherein the starting subcarrier mode comprises taking one starting subcarrier from every m consecutive starting subcarriers of a total of available starting subcarriers from the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, where m is an integer.

[0211] Aspect 11: The method of any of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include a random access preamble for the first set of contention-based random access, having one or more characteristics different from the random access preamble of the second set of narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

[0212] Aspect 12: The method of aspect 11, wherein the random access precodes of the first set have one or more of the following relative to the random access precodes of the second set: different frequency hopping patterns within precode repeating units (PRUs), different frequency hopping patterns between PRUs, different subcarrier spacing, different number of subcarriers across frequencies, or any combination thereof.

[0213] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, wherein at least one frequency hopping mode within a PRU specifies that two random access preambles that are frequency-adjacent in a first part of the PRU are not frequency-adjacent in a second part of the PRU.

[0214] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 11, wherein the random access precode of the first set is configured from the random access precode of the first candidate set, and the random access precode of the second set is configured from the random access precode of the second candidate set, wherein the random access precode of the first candidate set is a subset of the random access precode of the second candidate set.

[0215] Aspect 15: The method of aspect 14, wherein one or more precode formats, precode subcarrier spacings, or any combination thereof of the random access precodes of the second candidate set are excluded from the random access precodes of the first candidate set.

[0216] Aspect 16: The method of Aspect 1, wherein receiving configuration information further includes: receiving an indication of a first subset of narrowband random access parameters of a first set (which provides resources of a first subset corresponding to the narrowband random access parameters of the first subset) and a second subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides resources of a second subset corresponding to the narrowband random access parameters of the second subset), wherein the resources of the first subset have one or more parameters that are different from the corresponding parameters of the resources of the second subset.

[0217] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, wherein the resources of the first subset or the resources of the second subset are either contention-based random access resources or contention-free random access resources.

[0218] Aspect 18: The method of any of Aspects 16 to 17, wherein the narrowband random access parameters of the first subset use random access parameters that are not different from those of the terrestrial random access messages, and the narrowband random access parameters of the second subset use random access parameters specific to the non-terrestrial random access messages.

[0219] Aspect 19: The method of any of Aspects 16 to 18, wherein the narrowband random access parameters include one or more of the following: the initial subcarrier index set, the frequency hopping mode for the random access preamble, the subcarrier spacing, the number of subcarriers across frequencies, or any combination thereof.

[0220] Aspect 20: The method of any of Aspects 16 to 19, wherein the resources of the first subset and the resources of the second subset are located in the same set of frequency resources and in different time resources, in different sets of frequency resources and in the same set of time resources, in different frequency and time resources, or intertwined in the same set of time and frequency resources.

[0221] Aspect 21: The method of aspect 20, wherein the first periodicity of the resources of the first subset differs from the second periodicity of the resources of the second subset.

[0222] Aspect 22: The method of any of Aspects 1 to 21, wherein transmitting the random access message further includes transmitting one or more further random access messages on the satellite link according to a configuration for periodic contention-free random access preamble message transmission.

[0223] Aspect 23: The method of aspect 22, wherein the configuration for periodic contention-free random access preamble message transmission is received from the base station in radio resource control signaling.

[0224] Aspect 24: The method of aspect 23, wherein the configuration for periodic contention-free random access preamble message transmission is activated at least in part based on activation signaling received in one or more of the media access control (MAC) control elements or downlink control information communications from the base station.

[0225] Aspect 25: The method of aspect 24, wherein the activation signaling includes information about adjustments to one or more parameters associated with the one or more further random access messages.

[0226] Aspect 26: The method of any of Aspects 1 to 25 further includes: receiving physical layer downlink control information communication from a base station in response to a random access message, which provides one or more of time or frequency correction commands for communication via a satellite link.

[0227] Aspect 27: The method of aspect 26, wherein the time or frequency correction command is provided in the physical layer downlink control information when the indicated correction value is less than a threshold, and wherein the time or frequency correction command is provided in the media access control (MAC) control element when the indicated correction value meets or exceeds the threshold.

[0228] Aspect 28: The method of any of Aspects 1 to 27, wherein the narrowband random access parameters of the first set support random access resource configurations that are different from the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, associated with one or more repetitions of the preamble repeat unit (PRU).

[0229] Aspect 29: The method of aspect 28, wherein, for at least a subset of random access preamble configurations, the maximum number of preamble repetitions supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the first set is less than the maximum number of preamble repetitions supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

[0230] Aspect 30: A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: transmitting to a UE configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the first set of narrowband random access parameters being different from a second set of narrowband random access parameters for random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network; detecting one or more random access messages from the UE via a satellite link of the non-terrestrial network, at least in part based on the first set of narrowband random access parameters; and transmitting a random access response to the UE via the satellite link in response to the detection.

[0231] Aspect 31: The method of aspect 30, wherein the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include the starting subcarriers of the first set, which are assigned based on a contention-based random access preamble, and are different from the starting subcarriers of the second set assigned based on a contention-based random access preamble in the narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

[0232] Aspect 32: The method of aspect 31, wherein adjacent initial subcarriers in the first set of initial subcarriers have a first frequency interval, which is greater than a second frequency interval between adjacent initial subcarriers in the second set of initial subcarriers.

[0233] Aspect 33: The method of any of Aspects 31 to 32, wherein the initial subcarriers of the first set allocated for the contention-based random access preamble have fewer initial subcarriers per frequency unit available than the initial subcarriers of the second set.

[0234] Aspect 34: The method of any of Aspects 31 to 33, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set have a different range of starting subcarriers than the starting subcarriers of the second set within the total number of available starting subcarriers for contention-based random access and contention-free random access.

[0235] Aspect 35: The method of any of Aspects 31 to 34, wherein the initial subcarriers of the first set correspond to a subset of the initial subcarriers of the second set.

[0236] Aspect 36: The method of aspect 35, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set are selected from the starting subcarriers of the second set based at least in part on one or more of the starting subcarrier index values ​​or starting subcarrier patterns from the starting subcarriers of the second set.

[0237] Aspect 37: The method of aspect 31, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set allocated for contention-based random access correspond to a subset of the total number of available starting subcarriers allocated for the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, the starting subcarriers of the first set being determined at least in part by the starting subcarrier patterns from the starting subcarriers of the second set.

[0238] Aspect 38: The method of aspect 30, wherein the narrowband random access parameters of the first set include a random access preamble for the first set of contention-based random access, having one or more characteristics different from the random access preamble of the second set of narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

[0239] Aspect 39: The method of aspect 38, wherein the random access precodes of the first set have one or more of the following relative to the random access precodes of the second set: different frequency hopping patterns within precode repeating units (PRUs), different frequency hopping patterns between PRUs, different subcarrier spacing, different number of subcarriers across frequencies, or any combination thereof.

[0240] Aspect 40: The method of aspect 39, wherein at least one frequency hopping mode within a PRU specifies that two random access preambles that are frequency-adjacent in a first part of the PRU are not frequency-adjacent in a second part of the PRU.

[0241] Aspect 41: The method of any of Aspects 38 to 40, wherein the random access precode of the first set is configured from the random access precode of the first candidate set, and the random access precode of the second set is configured from the random access precode of the second candidate set, wherein the precode of the first candidate set is a subset of the random access precode of the second candidate set.

[0242] Aspect 42: The method of aspect 41, wherein one or more precode formats, precode subcarrier spacings, or any combination thereof of the random access precodes of the second candidate set are excluded from the random access precodes of the first candidate set.

[0243] Aspect 43: The method of any of Aspects 30 to 42, wherein transmitting the configuration information further comprises: transmitting an indication of a first subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides resources corresponding to the first subset) and a second subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set (which provides resources corresponding to the second subset), wherein the resources corresponding to the first subset have one or more parameters that are different from the corresponding parameters of the resources of the second subset.

[0244] Aspect 44: The method of aspect 43, wherein the narrowband random access parameters of the first subset use random access parameters that are not different from those of the terrestrial random access messages, and the narrowband random access parameters of the second subset use random access parameters specific to non-terrestrial random access messages.

[0245] Aspect 45: The method of aspect 44, wherein the random access parameters include one or more of the following: a set of initial subcarrier indices, a frequency hopping mode for a random access preamble, a subcarrier spacing, the number of subcarriers across frequencies, or any combination thereof.

[0246] Aspect 46: The method of any of Aspects 43 to 45, wherein the resources corresponding to the first subset and the resources corresponding to the second subset are located in the same set of frequency resources and in different time resources, in different sets of frequency resources and in the same set of time resources, in different frequency and time resources, or intertwined in the same set of time and frequency resources.

[0247] Aspect 47: The method of any of Aspects 30 to 46, wherein receiving a random access message further comprises receiving one or more further random access messages on the satellite link according to a configuration for periodic contention-free random access message transmission.

[0248] Aspect 48: The method of aspect 47, wherein the configuration for periodically contention-free random access resources is transmitted to the UE in radio resource control signaling and activated based on activation signaling transmitted in one or more of the media access control (MAC) control elements or downlink control information communications from the base station.

[0249] Aspect 49: The method of aspect 48, wherein the activation signaling includes information about adjustments to one or more parameters associated with the one or more further random access messages.

[0250] Aspect 50: The method of any of Aspects 30 to 49 further includes: transmitting physical layer downlink control information communication to the UE in response to a random access message, which provides one or more of time or frequency correction commands for communication via a satellite link.

[0251] Aspect 51: The method of any of Aspects 30 to 50, wherein the narrowband random access parameters of the first set support random access resource configurations that are different from the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, associated with one or more repetitions of the preamble repeat unit (PRU).

[0252] Aspect 52: The method of aspect 51, wherein, for at least a subset of random access preamble configurations, the maximum number of preamble repetitions supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the first set is less than the maximum number of repetitions supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

[0253] Aspect 53: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method as described in any of Aspects 1 to 29.

[0254] Aspect 54: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one means for performing a method as described in any of Aspects 1 to 29.

[0255] Aspect 55: A non-transient computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform methods as described in any of Aspects 1 to 29.

[0256] Aspect 56: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform a method as described in any of Aspects 30 to 52.

[0257] Aspect 57: An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising at least one means for performing a method as described in any of Aspects 30 to 52.

[0258] Aspect 58: A non-transient computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform any of methods 30 to 52.

[0259] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein can also be applied to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques can be applied to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0260] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a wide variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout this description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or light particles, or any combination thereof.

[0261] The various illustrative boxes and components described herein can be implemented or executed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternatives, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors working in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0262] The functions described herein can be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations fall within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwired, or any combination thereof. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that different parts of the function are implemented at different physical locations.

[0263] Computer-readable media includes both non-transient computer storage media and communication media, encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Non-transient storage media can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transient medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and is accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Similarly, any connection is also legitimately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then such coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable media. As used in this article, disk and disc include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, DVDs, floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks often magnetically reproduce data while discs optically reproduce data using lasers. Combinations of these media are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0264] As used herein (including in the claims), the word "or" in an enumeration of items (e.g., an enumeration of items accompanied by phrases such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive enumeration, such that an enumeration of at least one of, for example, A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Similarly, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0265] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, components of the same type may be distinguished by a dash following the reference numeral and a second reference numeral used to differentiate between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the description, the description may apply to any of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second reference numeral or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0266] This document, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes exemplary configurations but does not represent all examples that can be implemented or fall within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" and does not imply "superior" or "outperforming" other examples. This detailed description includes specific details to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0267] The description provided herein is intended to enable those skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the universal principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An apparatus for performing wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: processor; Memory coupled to the processor; as well as Instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Receive configuration information for a first set of narrowband random access parameters corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set being different from the narrowband random access parameters of a second set of random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network, the narrowband random access parameters of the first set including an initial subcarrier of the first set being different from the initial subcarrier of the second set in the narrowband random access parameters of the second set. Based at least in part on the configuration information, one or more narrowband random access parameters are selected from the narrowband random access parameters of the first set for a random access message to be transmitted to the access network entity via the satellite link of the non-terrestrial network. as well as The random access message is transmitted to the access network entity via the satellite link using the selected narrowband random access parameters.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the initial subcarriers of the first set are assigned a contention-based random access preamble for the satellite link, and the initial subcarriers of the second set are assigned a contention-based random access preamble from the narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein adjacent starting subcarriers in the first set of starting subcarriers have a first frequency interval, the first frequency interval being greater than a second frequency interval between adjacent starting subcarriers in the second set of starting subcarriers.

4. The device of claim 2, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set allocated for contention-based random access preamble have fewer starting subcarriers per frequency unit than the starting subcarriers of the second set.

5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The first set of starting subcarriers has a different range of starting subcarriers than the second set of starting subcarriers, within the total number of available starting subcarriers for contention-based random access and contention-free random access.

6. The device of claim 2, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set correspond to a subset of the starting subcarriers of the second set.

7. The device as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The starting subcarriers of the first set are selected from the starting subcarriers of the second set based at least in part on one or more of the starting subcarrier index value or starting subcarrier pattern from the starting subcarriers of the second set.

8. The device as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The starting subcarrier pattern includes taking one starting subcarrier from every m consecutive starting subcarriers from the second set, where m is an integer.

9. The device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The starting subcarriers of the first set allocated for contention-based random access correspond to a subset of the total number of available starting subcarriers allocated for the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, both contention-based and contention-free random access preambles, wherein the starting subcarriers of the first set are determined at least in part by the starting subcarrier patterns from the starting subcarriers of the second set.

10. The device as claimed in claim 9, wherein, The starting subcarrier mode includes taking one starting subcarrier from every m consecutive starting subcarriers of the total number of available starting subcarriers from the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, where m is an integer.

11. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The first set of narrowband random access parameters includes a first set of random access preambles for contention-based random access, which has one or more characteristics that are different from the second set of random access preambles of the second set of narrowband random access parameters.

12. The device as claimed in claim 11, wherein, The random access preamble of the first set has one or more of the following characteristics relative to the random access preamble of the second set: different preamble repetition unit (PRU) intra-frequency hopping patterns, different PRU inter-frequency hopping patterns, different subcarrier spacing, different number of cross-frequency subcarriers, or any combination thereof.

13. The device as claimed in claim 12, wherein, At least one PRU intra-frequency hopping mode specifies that two random access preambles that are frequency-adjacent in the first part of the PRU are not frequency-adjacent in the second part of the PRU.

14. The device as claimed in claim 11, wherein, The random access precode of the first set is configured from the random access precode of the first candidate set, and the random access precode of the second set is configured from the random access precode of the second candidate set, wherein the random access precode of the first candidate set is a subset of the random access precode of the second candidate set.

15. The device as claimed in claim 14, wherein, One or more precode formats, precode subcarrier spacings, or any combination thereof of the random access precodes of the second candidate set are excluded from the random access precodes of the first candidate set.

16. The device of claim 1, wherein the instructions for receiving the configuration information can be further executed by the processor to cause the device to: The system receives instructions for a first subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set and a second subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set, wherein the first subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set provides resources corresponding to the narrowband random access parameters of the first set, and the second subset of narrowband random access parameters of the first set provides resources corresponding to the narrowband random access parameters of the second set, wherein the resources of the first subset have one or more parameters that are different from the corresponding parameters of the resources of the second subset.

17. The device as claimed in claim 16, wherein, The resources of the first subset or the resources of the second subset are either contention-based random access resources or contention-free random access resources.

18. The device as claimed in claim 16, wherein, The narrowband random access parameters of the first subset are random access parameters that are not different from those of the terrestrial random access messages, while the narrowband random access parameters of the second subset are random access parameters specific to non-terrestrial random access messages.

19. The device as claimed in claim 16, wherein, The narrowband random access parameters include one or more of the following: the initial subcarrier index set, the frequency hopping mode for the random access preamble, the subcarrier spacing, the number of subcarriers across frequencies, or any combination thereof.

20. The device as claimed in claim 16, wherein, The resources of the first subset and the resources of the second subset are located in the same frequency resource set but in different time resources, in different frequency resource sets but in the same time resource set, in different frequency and time resources, or intertwined in the same time and frequency resource set.

21. The device as claimed in claim 20, wherein, The first periodicity of the resources in the first subset is different from the second periodicity of the resources in the second subset.

22. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The instructions for transmitting the random access message can further be executed by the processor to enable the device to: One or more further random access messages are transmitted on the satellite link according to the configuration for periodic contention-free random access preamble message transmission.

23. The device as claimed in claim 22, wherein, The configuration for periodic contention-free random access preamble message transmission is received from the access network entity in radio resource control signaling.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the configuration for periodic contention-free random access preamble message transmission is activated at least in part based on activation signaling received in one or more of the Media Access Control (MAC) control elements or downlink control information communications from the access network entity.

25. The device as claimed in claim 24, wherein, The activation signaling includes information about adjustments to one or more parameters associated with the one or more further random access messages.

26. The device of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the device to: In response to the random access message received physical layer downlink control information communication, the physical layer downlink control information communication provides one or more of a time or frequency correction command for communication via the satellite link.

27. The device of claim 26, wherein: The time or frequency correction command is provided in the physical layer downlink control information when the indicated correction value is less than the threshold, and the time or frequency correction command is provided in the media access control (MAC) control element when the indicated correction value meets or exceeds the threshold.

28. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The first set of narrowband random access parameters supports random access resource configurations that differ from the second set of narrowband random access parameters, which are associated with one or more repetitions of the preamble repeat unit (PRU).

29. The device as claimed in claim 28, wherein, For at least a subset of random access preamble configurations, the maximum number of preamble repetitions supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the first set is less than the maximum number of preamble repetitions supported by the narrowband random access parameters of the second set.

30. An apparatus for wireless communication at an access network entity, comprising: processor; Memory coupled to the processor; as well as Instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: The configuration information for narrowband random access parameters for a first set corresponding to random access messages transmitted on a non-terrestrial network is transmitted to the user equipment (UE). The narrowband random access parameters for the first set are different from the narrowband random access parameters for a second set of random access messages transmitted on a terrestrial network. The narrowband random access parameters for the first set include an initial subcarrier for the first set. The initial subcarrier for the first set is different from the initial subcarrier for the second set of narrowband random access parameters. Detect one or more random access messages from the UE via the satellite link of the non-terrestrial network, at least in part, based on the narrowband random access parameters of the first set; as well as In response to the one or more random access messages, a random access response is transmitted to the UE via the satellite link.

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