A compound preparation suitable for organic planting of tomatoes, a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a compound preparation suitable for organic planting of tomatoes, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of organic tomato planting, wherein the active ingredient is composed of freshwater unicellular algae and a compound bacterial liquid; the compound bacterial liquid is composed of bacillus subtilis GLB191 and bacillus pumilus GLB197 or is composed of iranian gloeocystidiaceae; the effective viable bacterial number of the bacillus subtilis GLB191 and the bacillus pumilus GLB197 is greater than or equal to 13.5 billion cfu / g ‑1 ; and the propagule number of the iranian gloeocystidiaceae is greater than or equal to 70 pieces / ml ‑1 ; the application can improve the survival rate of tomato seedlings, plays a role in promoting growth, improves the quality of fruits, and has an effective prevention and treatment effect on tomato leaf mold disease.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of organic tomato planting, and particularly relates to a compound preparation suitable for organic tomato planting, a preparation method and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] Chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides are important factors to ensure food production, but with the overuse of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides for a long time, many negative impacts on the environment (such as soil compaction, land degradation, and ecological deterioration) are brought about. In organic agricultural production, it is strictly required to follow the organic production regulations, and it is prohibited to use any chemical pesticides and chemical fertilizers, and to use genetically modified organisms and their products. However, some serious problems are also brought about, such as the growth and development of organic crops and the yield are not as high as conventional planting, and the problems of diseases and pests are difficult to solve. The planting of organic tomatoes also faces the above problems.

[0003] Domestic and foreign researches show that by selecting beneficial microbial agents or natural biological preparations, the purpose of preventing diseases, promoting growth and regulating soil micro-ecological environment can be achieved under the requirement of organic planting. Green Kangwei is a plant micro-ecological preparation developed by Zhongnong Green Kang (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., which selects endogenous bacillus that is beneficial to the growth and disease resistance of dicotyledonous plants, and has the functions of promoting growth and yield, early maturation and disease resistance, and improving quality. Yijun Gao is an endomycorrhizal fungus agent developed by Spain Xingbo, and the effective component is Iranian Glomus, which can establish a symbiotic interaction with the roots of plants, help crops to absorb nutrients and water, and at the same time promote the microbial activity in the soil and stimulate the development of plant roots, thereby improving the development activity of plants. Microalgae is a single-cell species, which exists alone or in the form of chains or groups. At present, microalgae has been applied in food, feed, health care, fuel, fertilizer, wastewater treatment and chemical industry, etc. Ferticell fertilizer developed by Spain Prasma Company focuses on the development of microalgae products, and has the functions of promoting root growth, improving vegetable quality, increasing flowering, reducing fruit drop, and increasing resistance to abiotic stress.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a compound preparation which can not only improve the growth and quality of tomatoes, but also can clearly show the feasibility of the application of the compound preparation in organic tomato production. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a compound preparation suitable for organic tomato planting, a preparation method and application, which can promote the survival rate of tomato seedlings, improve the growth-promoting effect and fruit quality, and prevent tomato leaf mold disease, in view of the defects of slow growth and substandard quality in the process of organic planting, especially in the process of organic planting of tomatoes.

[0006] Technical solution: The application discloses a compound preparation suitable for tomato organic planting root dipping treatment, which is composed of freshwater unicellular algae and a compound bacterial liquid, and the mass ratio of the freshwater unicellular algae to the compound bacterial liquid is 0.2-0.6:0.8-1.2; the compound bacterial liquid is composed of bacillus subtilis GLB191 and bacillus pumilus GLB197.

[0007] Further, the effective viable cell number of the bacillus subtilis GLB191 and the bacillus pumilus GLB197 is greater than or equal to 13.5 billion cfu·g -1 .

[0008] Further, the mass ratio of the freshwater unicellular algae to the compound bacterial liquid is 0.6:1.2; the compound bacterial liquid is composed of iranian gloeocystis.

[0009] Further, the propagule number of the iranian gloeocystis is greater than or equal to 70·ml -1 .

[0010] A compound preparation suitable for tomato organic planting root irrigation treatment, which is composed of freshwater unicellular algae and a compound bacterial liquid, and the mass ratio of the freshwater unicellular algae to the compound bacterial liquid is 0.2-0.4:0.8-1; the compound bacterial liquid is composed of bacillus subtilis GLB191 and bacillus pumilus GLB197.

[0011] Further, the effective viable cell number of the bacillus subtilis GLB191 and the bacillus pumilus GLB197 is greater than or equal to 13.5 billion cfu·g-1.

[0012] Further, the mass ratio of the freshwater unicellular algae to the compound bacterial liquid is 0.4:1; the compound bacterial liquid is composed of iranian gloeocystis.

[0013] Further, the propagule number of the iranian gloeocystis is greater than or equal to 70·ml -1 .

[0014] A preparation method of a compound preparation suitable for tomato organic planting, characterized by comprising a preparation method of a root dipping treatment compound preparation and a preparation method of a root irrigation treatment compound preparation; the preparation methods of the two are consistent, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step (1), according to the proportion, the preparation A containing freshwater unicellular algae and the preparation B containing bacillus subtilis GLB191 and bacillus pumilus GLB197 or the preparation C containing iranian gloeocystis are measured and then fully mixed;

[0016] Step (2), dilute with water and fix the volume to the corresponding concentration.

[0017] The application provides application of the compound preparation in improving fruit quality and preventing and treating leaf mold in plant organic planting.

[0018] Further, the plants include but are not limited to fruits, vegetables and flowers.

[0019] Further, the plants are tomatoes.

[0020] Further, the specific application method of the tomatoes is as follows.

[0021] Step 1.1, the tomato seedlings are subjected to root dipping treatment, and the root dipping treatment compound preparation is used;

[0022] Step 1.2, after the roots of the tomato seedlings are completely infiltrated with the liquid medicine for 10 minutes, the tomato seedlings are taken out, dried for 20 minutes and then planted;

[0023] Step 1.3, after planting for 15 days, the root irrigation treatment is performed, and the root irrigation treatment compound preparation is used;

[0024] Step 1.4, the root irrigation amount of each tomato seedling is 150 ml, and the root irrigation is performed once every 15 days, and the root irrigation is performed twice in total.

[0025] Advantages: compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0026] (1) In the organic planting of tomatoes, the application can improve the survival rate of the tomato seedlings after planting to a certain extent; compared with the single-dose root dipping treatment of the combination of freshwater unicellular algae and Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197 and the combination of freshwater unicellular algae and Glomus iranicum, the combination has a better improvement effect on the survival rate of the tomato seedlings after planting, and the survival rate of the seedlings reaches 96.67%;

[0027] (2) The application shows a certain growth promotion effect in the organic planting of tomatoes, but the growth promotion effect is not the same. After the combination of freshwater unicellular algae and Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197 is treated, the growth promotion effect mainly manifests in the increase of the plant height and the stem thickness, and the difference from the water control treatment is significant. After the treatment, the average plant height of the tomatoes is increased by 10.39%, and the average stem thickness is increased by 12.83%; the combination of freshwater unicellular algae and Glomus iranicum has an effect on the growth promotion of the tomatoes, and the effect is reflected in the influence on the chlorophyll content. After the treatment, the SPAD value of the tomato plant leaves is increased by 12.18%;

[0028] (3) The application has certain improving effect on the quality of tomato fruits in organic tomato planting, and the combination of freshwater unicellular algae and Iranian Glomus has better improving effect on the quality of fruits. After the combination of freshwater unicellular algae and Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197 and the combination of freshwater unicellular algae and Iranian Glomus, the sugar content in the fruits is increased by 9.56% and 8.89% respectively. At the same time, the above two combinations can significantly increase the content of vitamin C and SOD in the fruits, and the content of vitamin C is increased by 8.52% and 9.22% respectively compared with the control, and the content of SOD is increased by 7.00% and 11.57% respectively compared with the control;

[0029] (4) The application has good control effect on tomato leaf mold in organic tomato planting, and the combination of freshwater unicellular algae and Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197 has the best control effect on leaf mold, with a control effect of 90.88%, followed by the combination of freshwater unicellular algae and Iranian Glomus, with a control effect of 84.84%;

[0030] (5) In the root dipping treatment and root irrigation treatment, different proportions of compound preparations are used according to the growth characteristics, so as to better improve the quality of tomato planting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical scheme of the application will be described in detail below, but the protection scope of the application is not limited to the examples.

[0032] The raw materials used in the examples are all commercially available products, and the effective components Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197 are adopted by Green Kangwei, Zhongnong Green Kang (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with effective viable bacteria number ≥135 billion cfu·g -1 ; the effective component Iranian Glomus is adopted by MycoUp (Yijun Gao), Xingbo (Shanghai) Trade Co., Ltd., with propagule number ≥70 pieces·ml-1; and the effective component freshwater unicellular algae is adopted by Ferticell, Spanish Prasma Company.

[0033] The tomato variety used in the examples is Meifen 212 (large fruit type hard powder variety).

[0034] The examples started in 2022, and the test site is located in the planting garden of Jiangsu Province Jincun City Zhenjiang Food and Agriculture Co., Ltd., and the biological preparation combination root dipping and root irrigation for promoting the growth of tomatoes is carried out in the greenhouse. The soil type of the test site is yellow-brown soil, the soil PH is 6.7, and the EC value is 1.57 mS / cm. The row spacing of tomatoes is 80 cm, and the plant spacing is 50 cm.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A compound preparation suitable for tomato organic planting root dipping treatment, the active ingredient of which is composed of freshwater unicellular algae and compound bacterial liquid, the mass ratio of freshwater unicellular algae and compound bacterial liquid is 2:5; the compound bacterial liquid is composed of Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197; the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197 is all ≥135 billion cfu·g -1 .

[0037] A compound preparation suitable for tomato organic planting root irrigation treatment, the active ingredient of which is composed of freshwater unicellular algae and compound bacterial liquid, the mass ratio of freshwater unicellular algae and compound bacterial liquid is 1:3; the compound bacterial liquid is composed of Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197; the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197 is all ≥135 billion cfu·g -1 .

[0038] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0039] Step (1) The configuration method of root dipping compound preparation 1, taking the configuration of 1000ml compound preparation as an example, 2ml of preparation A and 5g of preparation B are weighed according to the mass ratio, fully mixed, diluted with water, and then diluted to 1000ml.

[0040] The configuration method of root irrigation compound preparation 1: taking the configuration of 1000ml compound preparation as an example, 0.67ml of preparation A and 2g of preparation B are weighed according to the mass ratio, fully mixed, and then diluted with water, and then diluted to 1000ml.

[0041] The application method is as follows:

[0042] Step 1.1, the tomato seedlings are treated by root dipping;

[0043] Step 1.2, after the tomato seedling roots are completely soaked in the liquid for 10 minutes, take out, dry for 20 minutes, and then plant;

[0044] Step 1.3, after planting for 15 days, the root irrigation treatment is carried out, and the compound preparation used for root irrigation treatment is consistent with the compound preparation used for root dipping treatment;

[0045] Step 1.4, the root irrigation amount of each tomato seedling is 150ml, and the root irrigation is carried out once every 15 days, a total of twice.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The difference between the present example and Example 1 is that the active ingredient of the root-dipping complex preparation is composed of freshwater unicellular algae and complex bacterial liquid, and the mass ratio of the freshwater unicellular algae and the complex bacterial liquid is 4:5; the complex bacterial liquid is composed of Glomus iranicum; the propagule number of Glomus iranicum is ≥70 pieces·ml -1 .

[0048] The active ingredient of the root-dipping complex preparation is composed of freshwater unicellular algae and complex bacterial liquid, and the mass ratio of the freshwater unicellular algae and the complex bacterial liquid is 2:3; the complex bacterial liquid is composed of Glomus iranicum; the propagule number of Glomus iranicum is ≥70 pieces·ml -1 .

[0049] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0050] The root-dipping complex preparation 2 configuration method: taking the configuration of 1000ml complex preparation as an example, the preparation A 2ml and the preparation C 2.5g are weighed according to the mass ratio, fully mixed, then diluted with water, and the volume is fixed to 1000ml.

[0051] The root-dipping complex preparation 2 configuration method: taking the configuration of 1000ml complex preparation as an example, the preparation A 2ml and the preparation C 2.5g are weighed according to the mass ratio, fully mixed, then diluted with water, and the volume is fixed to 1000ml.

[0052] The application method remains the same.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] On the basis of Example 1, the complex preparation is replaced by water, which is recorded as CK group, and the application method remains the same.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] On the basis of Example 1, the complex preparation is replaced by a single preparation composed of Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197.

[0057] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0058] The root-dipping single agent 1 configuration method, taking the configuration of 1000ml single agent as an example, weighing preparation B 5g, diluting with water, and fixing the volume to 1000ml.

[0059] The root-dipping single agent 1 configuration method: taking the configuration of 1000ml single agent as an example, weighing preparation B 2g, then diluting with water, and fixing the volume to 1000ml.

[0060] The application method remains the same.

[0061] Comparative Example 3

[0062] On the basis of Example 1, the complex preparation is replaced by a single preparation consisting of Glomus iranicum.

[0063] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0064] The dipping root single agent 2 is configured as follows: taking the configuration of 1000 ml of single agent as an example, 2.5 g of preparation C is weighed, diluted with clean water, and then diluted to 1000 ml.

[0065] The irrigation root single agent 2 is configured as follows: taking the configuration of 1000 ml of single agent as an example, 1 g of preparation C is weighed, and then diluted with clean water to 1000 ml.

[0066] The application method remains the same.

[0067] Test Example 1: Tomato seedling survival rate and plant growth investigation

[0068] The survival rate of tomato seedlings in the field is counted 5 days after the tomato seedlings are planted by dipping roots. The plant growth investigation is carried out on June 1, 2022, i.e. 30 days after the last irrigation treatment, and the plant height, stem diameter, SPAD value and fruit setting of the tomato plants are counted. The plant height of the tomato plants is measured by a ruler, the stem diameter of the tomato plants is measured by a vernier caliper, and the SPAD value of the tomato leaves is measured by a Chlorophyllc Meter (SPAD-502Plus) (Konica Minolta, Japan). The determination of plant height is based on the root neck to the growth point; the determination of stem diameter is based on the first leaf lower internode, which is measured from two directions and the average value is taken. The number of fruits is counted by investigating the number of the first fruit cluster. Ten plants are continuously investigated for each treatment, and the investigation is repeated three times.

[0069] Table 1: Effect of different dipping root preparations on the survival rate of tomato seedlings

[0070]

[0071] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the dipping root treatment of Example 1 and Example 2 compared to Comparative Examples 1, 2 and 3 has a better promotion effect on the survival rate of tomato seedlings after planting, and the survival rate of seedlings reaches 96.67%. The survival rate of seedlings of Comparative Example 1 is 91.67%, the survival rate of seedlings of Comparative Example 2 is 93.33%, and the survival rate of seedlings of Comparative Example 3 is 95.00%.

[0072] Table 2: Effect of different dipping root and irrigation root preparations on the growth of tomato plants

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the growth-promoting effects of the treatments of Example 1 and Example 2 on tomato plants are different. The growth-promoting effect of Example 1 is mainly reflected in the increase of plant height and stem diameter, which is significantly different from that of Comparative Example 1. After treatment, the average plant height of tomato is increased by 10.39%, and the average stem diameter is increased by 12.83%. The growth-promoting effect of Example 2 is reflected in the influence on chlorophyll content. After treatment, the SPAD value of tomato leaf is increased by 12.18%. There is no significant difference between the average number of first ear fruiting of Example and Comparative Example.

[0075] Effect of biological agent combination on improvement of tomato fruit quality in test example 2

[0076] The fruit quality determination was carried out on June 21, 2022. Five fruits were randomly taken from each treatment for determination, and the determination was repeated three times. The sugar content was determined by PAL-1 (ATAGO, Japan); the Vc content was determined by ascorbic acid (AsA) content determination kit (Suzhou Keming Biotechnology Co., Ltd.); and the SOD content was determined by superoxide dismutase (SOD)-WST-8 method activity determination kit (Shanghai Ruifan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.).

[0077] Table 3 Influence of different agent combinations on tomato fruit quality

[0078]

[0079] As can be seen from the data in Table 3, compared with Comparative Example 1, Example 1 and Example 2 can improve the quality of tomato fruits to a certain extent, and the improvement effect of Example 2 is better. After treatment, the sugar content in the fruits of Example 1 and Example 2 is increased by 9.56% and 8.89% respectively. At the same time, Example 1 and Example 2 can significantly improve the Vc content and SOD content in the fruits. After treatment, the Vc content is increased by 8.52% and 9.22% respectively compared with Comparative Example 1, and the SOD content is increased by 7.00% and 11.57% respectively compared with Comparative Example 1.

[0080] Preventive effect of biological agent combination on tomato leaf mold in test example 3

[0081] On May 13, 2022, the occurrence of leaf mold on tomato plants treated by dipping and irrigation was investigated. The grading standard is as follows: 0 level: no disease spot; 1 level: disease spot area accounts for 5% or less of the whole leaf area; 3 level: disease spot area accounts for 6% to 10% of the whole leaf area; 5 level: disease spot area accounts for 11% to 20% of the whole leaf area; 7 level: disease spot area accounts for 21% to 40% of the whole leaf area; 9 level: disease spot area accounts for more than 40% of the whole leaf area.

[0082] Disease index = 100 x [∑(number of diseased leaves x relative grade value) / (total number of surveyed leaves x 9)]

[0083] Disease leaf rate = (number of diseased leaves / total number of surveyed leaves) x 100%

[0084] Table 4: Control effect of dipping roots and root drenching of different formulations on tomato leaf mold

[0085]

[0086] As can be seen from the data in Table 4, the treatments of Example 1 and Example 2 have good control effect on tomato leaf mold, and the control effect of Example 1 on leaf mold is the best, with the control efficiency reaching 90.88%, followed by Example 2, with the control efficiency reaching 84.84%. The control effect of Example 2 and Example 3 on leaf mold is significantly lower than that of Example 1 and Example 2. The control effect of Comparative Example 2 on leaf mold is 78.79%, and the control effect of Comparative Example 3 on leaf mold is 69.67%. It is shown that the treatments of Example 1 and Example 2 have good prevention and control effect on the occurrence of tomato leaf mold.

[0087] As described above, although the present application has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that various modifications and changes can be made to it without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A complex preparation suitable for organic cultivation of tomatoes for improving fruit quality and preventing leaf mold in organic cultivation of tomatoes, characterized by: The improved fruit quality is to increase the content of sugar in the fruit, to increase the content of vitamin C in the fruit, or to increase the content of SOD in the fruit; the active ingredients of the compound preparation are composed of freshwater unicellular algae and complex bacterial liquid, including dip root treatment compound preparation and irrigation root treatment compound preparation, the mass ratio of freshwater unicellular algae and complex bacterial liquid in the dip root treatment compound preparation is 4:5; the mass ratio of freshwater unicellular algae and complex bacterial liquid in the irrigation root treatment compound preparation is 2:3; the effective component of the complex bacterial liquid is Iranian Glomus, which adopts MycoUp; the freshwater unicellular algae adopts Ferticell, Spanish Prasma Company; the specific application method is: Step 1.1, dip root treatment is performed on tomato seedlings, and dip root treatment compound preparation is used; Step 1.2, after the roots of the tomato seedlings are completely infiltrated with the liquid medicine for 10 minutes, the tomato seedlings are taken out, dried for 20 minutes, and then planted; Step 1.3, irrigation root treatment is performed after 15 days of planting, and irrigation root treatment compound preparation is used; Step 1.4, the irrigation root treatment amount for each tomato seedling is 150ml, and irrigation root treatment is performed once every 15 days, a total of twice.

2. The use of a compound preparation suitable for organic planting of tomatoes in improving fruit quality and preventing leaf mold in organic planting of tomatoes, characterized in that: The improved fruit quality is to increase the content of sugar in the fruit, to increase the content of vitamin C in the fruit, or to increase the content of SOD in the fruit; the active ingredients of the compound preparation are composed of freshwater unicellular algae and complex bacterial liquid, including dip root treatment compound preparation and irrigation root treatment compound preparation, the mass ratio of freshwater unicellular algae and complex bacterial liquid in the dip root treatment compound preparation is 2:5; the mass ratio of freshwater unicellular algae and complex bacterial liquid in the irrigation root treatment compound preparation is 1:3; the complex bacterial liquid is composed of Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197, and adopts Green Nua Wei; the freshwater unicellular algae adopts Ferticell, Spanish Prasma Company; the specific application method is: Step 1.1, dip root treatment is performed on tomato seedlings, and dip root treatment compound preparation is used; Step 1.2, after the roots of the tomato seedlings are completely infiltrated with the liquid medicine for 10 minutes, the tomato seedlings are taken out, dried for 20 minutes, and then planted; Step 1.3, irrigation root treatment is performed after 15 days of planting, and irrigation root treatment compound preparation is used; Step 1.4, the irrigation root treatment amount for each tomato seedling is 150ml, and irrigation root treatment is performed once every 15 days, a total of twice.

3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The preparation method of the dip root treatment compound preparation and the preparation method of the irrigation root treatment compound preparation are the same, including the following steps: Step (1), according to the ratio, the preparation A containing freshwater unicellular algae and the preparation B containing Bacillus subtilis GLB191 and Bacillus pumilus GLB197 or the preparation C containing Iranian Glomus are weighed, and then mixed; step (2), dilute with water to the corresponding concentration.

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