A variable-controlled roadbed filling and excavation construction mechanical device

Abstract

The invention relates to a variable-controlled roadbed filling and excavation construction mechanical device, belonging to the field of roadbed construction. The device includes a device for dynamically adjusting the paving elevation, a hollow spiral drill rod for variable control of the moisture content of the mixture, a vibrating screen for removing large particles, a soil cutter for the excavation section, and a steel static pressure roller and a water supply tank; in the filling stage: the process of roadbed construction is improved from the construction method, and the construction steps of earthwork grid unloading, bulldozer rough leveling, and scraper fine leveling in traditional roadbed construction are reduced. The material spreading device realizes the dynamic paving and rolling sealing of the mixture without it falling to the ground, prevents the segregation of the mixture due to the change of moisture content, avoids the secondary disturbance of the roadbed, solves the problem that the moisture content cannot be accurately controlled in the traditional roadbed construction process, and improves the construction operation efficiency and the flatness and compaction of the roadbed; in the excavation stage: the soil can be screened for the first time by the soil cutter, and large-sized stones can be discharged to the roadside along the boundary of the soil cutter. The soil samples of other particle sizes can be directly loaded onto the truck after transportation by adjusting the retaining plate angle and the reversal of the spiral device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a variable-controlled roadbed filling and excavation construction mechanical device, especially for dynamically controlling the loose paving thickness of earthwork paving and the optimal moisture content control during the paving process in the roadbed construction of high-grade highways; reducing the filling construction process and improving the paving accuracy and compaction degree. In the excavation section, the disadvantage of needing to reserve 30 centimeters for manual excavation in mechanical excavation construction is solved, and the efficiency of the excavation construction operation is improved. It belongs to the technical field of roadbed construction. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's expressways and the continuous improvement of highway grades, highway subgrade construction is an important part of the highway engineering system. The quality of subgrade construction directly affects the overall economic and social benefits of the highway. Compactness is one of the main control items in the subgrade construction process and has its important significance. Therefore, the moisture content of earth subgrade filling materials plays a decisive role in the compaction of the project. Traditional construction methods are difficult to dynamically adjust the moisture content of road construction materials, thereby affecting the compaction effect of the subgrade. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency and effect of construction, the optimal moisture content of the soil must be strictly controlled.

[0003] The main function of the roadbed is to provide the necessary basic conditions for the laying of pavement structures or tracks and the operation of trains or vehicles. In traditional roadbed construction, earthmoving and transporting machinery, excavation and loading machinery, engineering transport vehicles and compaction machinery are used for construction. The general construction process is dump trucks piling materials, forklifts rough leveling, and graders fine leveling. The piling method is likely to cause some of the mixture to evaporate, thus affecting the compaction of the roadbed. The segregation of the mixture caused by the piling will also affect the compaction requirements of the roadbed, thereby affecting the overall quality of the roadbed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to:

[0005] A variable-controlled roadbed filling and excavation construction mechanical device is provided, which is adjusted from the construction method. In the filling stage, an earthwork paver is used to directly connect the earthwork of a dump truck, and in the transmission process, a hollow spiral drill rod is used to transmit the earthwork, which can sense the moisture content of the earthwork, and can also dynamically adjust the moisture content of the earthwork through the heating and drainage device set in the drill rod. In addition, the loose laying thickness of the earthwork is dynamically adjusted by setting an infrared combined with a feeding baffle, GPS and infrared, followed by static rolling. In this way, the compaction of the road surface is ensured, the evaporation of water in the earthwork is prevented, and the flatness of the base layer during the compaction process caused by the influence of wheel tracks is avoided. In the excavation stage, the earth is shoveled by a soil cutter, and the cut earthwork is directly sent to the dump truck through a conveyor belt by a reverse spiral system for transportation.

[0006] This invention eliminates the steps of rough leveling by bulldozers and fine leveling by scrapers, and at the same time ensures that there is no secondary disturbance of the earthwork on the ground, forming the continuity of ground paving and rolling. It fundamentally solves the problem of water volatilization caused by long-term stacking time and the influence of environmental vehicles on the moisture content of the earthwork. It controls the paving thickness and moisture content of the mixture by variables to ensure the flatness and compaction requirements of the roadbed. At the same time, it also solves the singleness of excavation construction machinery, making the excavation section construction work continuous.

[0007] The scheme of the present invention is:

[0008] A variable-controlled roadbed filling and excavation construction mechanical device improves the roadbed construction process from the perspective of construction methods, and improves the work efficiency and the flatness and compaction of the roadbed. The device includes a feeding baffle, a spiral feeder, a hollow spiral drill rod, a steel static pressure roller, a front hopper; a GPS and a variable collector; an attached vibrator; an infrared probe; a water tank; a vibrating screen; a collection tank; a collection tank; a mixture temperature and humidity detector; a mixture water injection hole; a push roller; a front wheel; a rear wheel; a control console; a steering wheel; a soil cutter; an excavation receiving trough; a conveyor belt device; an acoustic wave detection device; steel bars; hexagonal nuts; during the filling operation, the vehicle transporting the soil stops at the push roller to unload the soil to the vibrating screen above the front hopper to remove the oversized soil. The grid material is passed through the hollow auger rod, and the moisture content of the soil is dynamically adjusted to send the soil to the position of the spiral distributor; the spiral distributor spreads the soil, and the spreading elevation is dynamically controlled by the feeding baffle; the spread soil is subjected to timely static pressure operation by the steel static pressure roller; during the excavation operation, the ground soil layer is scooped up by the soil cutter, and the excavated soil is sent to the hollow auger rod by reversing the spiral distributor and tilting the feeding baffle, and the excavated soil is sent to the excavation receiving trough by reversing the hollow auger rod, and the excavation receiving trough is connected to the conveyor belt device to load the soil into the transfer vehicle.

[0009] Furthermore, the device for removing oversized particles in the aggregate is provided with a vibrating screen on the hollow spiral drill rod. The screen of the vibrating screen is arranged in two layers vertically and horizontally by bolts connecting steel bars. The two ends of the steel bars are fixed with hexagonal nuts. Each steel bar is independent to facilitate later maintenance and replacement. The size of the screen hole is adjusted according to the specific construction conditions. Below the attached vibrator, an aggregate trough is provided on the outside of the hopper to collect oversized materials; a collection trough with an arch in the middle is provided on the edge of the vibrating screen above the push roller to connect the aggregate trough and form a whole with the vibrating screen. Oversized particles roll down through the inclined vibrating screen into the arched collection trough in the middle, and slide into the aggregate trough through the collection trough, thereby removing oversized particles in the aggregate.

[0010] Furthermore, the soil cutter device adopts a multi-block triangular arrangement, which can directly remove oversized particles during the excavation process; the multi-block arrangement facilitates dynamic adjustment of the spacing and depth of the soil cutters, so it is a dynamic adjustment device that can be changed both horizontally and vertically. When the stones are larger than the spacing of the soil cutters, they can be discharged along the edge of the soil cutters to avoid the reversal cycle of large aggregates. When filling operations are carried out, the soil cutter can be rotated 90° and retracted; when the soil cutter falls during the construction of the road cut, the soil cutter can be dynamically adjusted to perform preliminary screening of the soil blocks, and the soil cutter has the function of vibrating and cutting the soil. The scooped soil is reversed and stirred by the spiral feeder, and the tilted feeding baffle reverses the soil to the position of the hollow spiral drill rod. The mixture is pushed to the excavation receiving trough below the push roller by reversing the hollow spiral drill rod, and finally the soil is loaded into the dump truck by the conveyor belt device.

[0011] Furthermore, the paving elevation is dynamically adjusted to dynamically control the mixture of the paving layer; the adjustment range is set by a 51 single-chip microcomputer in combination with C language, that is, when the difference threshold between the actual road surface height and the design value is greater than a, the dynamic adjustment is turned on; the mixture of the paving layer is dynamically controlled; multiple feeding baffles are used and corresponding infrared probes are set to measure the elevation of the paving surface (infrared ranging accuracy: 200 meters error 2 mm), and the relative height of the corresponding feeding baffle is adjusted according to the actual elevation detected by multiple infrared probes, thereby dynamically adjusting the loose paving thickness of the mixture, realizing variable paving, and ensuring that the same compaction degree is achieved after compaction.

[0012] Furthermore, the hollow spiral drill rod stirs the mixture twice to avoid segregation; the core of the hollow spiral drill rod is provided with a heating and water-adding device (the humidifier principle can also be used); and a device for real-time sensing of the moisture content of the mixture is provided, so that the moisture content of the mixed soil can be adjusted by heating the pipe body and injecting water into the pipe according to the change of the moisture content while stirring the mixture. When the moisture content of the mixture is higher than the optimal moisture content, the heating function is automatically started, which promotes the evaporation of the water in the mixture to reduce the moisture content so that the mixture reaches the optimal moisture content; when the moisture content of the mixture is lower than the optimal moisture content, the moisture content of the mixture can be increased by injecting water through the spiral pipe to achieve the purpose of achieving the optimal moisture content; this process is determined by a 51 single-chip microcomputer. The water supply and heating control are realized through the soil moisture content chip and the relay, which solves the problem that the moisture content cannot be accurately controlled during the traditional roadbed construction process.

[0013] Furthermore, static pressure rollers are provided to ensure that the mixture is rolled in time after paving, thereby ensuring the rolling speed and avoiding the problem of loose connection between layers due to evaporation of surface moisture in the paved mixture. The construction steps of static pressure of traditional rollers are reduced, providing favorable conditions for the subsequent vibration rolling of rollers.

[0014] Furthermore, by adding GPS and environmental variable collectors, the latitude and longitude of the construction site and the altitude can be found. The DH11 sensor is used to measure the temperature and humidity in the air, the wind speed at the construction site, and provide a 24-hour weather forecast. Feedback is given to on-site construction personnel in a timely manner to facilitate on-site control.

[0015] Furthermore, an attached vibrator is arranged on the side of the front hopper, and the vibration is started when the mixture adheres to the side wall to prevent the mixture from adhering to the side wall of the hopper.

[0016] Furthermore, an acoustic wave detection device is provided to emit acoustic waves to the soil. Different acoustic waves are reflected back according to different moisture content and properties of the soil. Spring soil is determined according to the acoustic waves. If it is determined to be spring soil, a GPS signal is emitted, and location information is sent through GPS, and maintenance processing is performed through the hook machine.

[0017] The positive effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. For the construction process of embankment filling section, three processes of rough leveling, fine leveling and static pressing are reduced to ensure continuous and timely paving and rolling, and to ensure the best flatness and compaction of the road.

[0019] 2. This solution realizes dynamic adjustment of paving thickness to ensure the compaction and flatness of the roadbed. It solves the traditional problem of relying on bulldozers for rough leveling and then using scrapers for fine leveling. It reduces the construction processes of bulldozers and scrapers, improves construction efficiency, and improves the paving accuracy of the roadbed.

[0020] 3. By dynamically adjusting the moisture content of the mixture, the optimal moisture content is ensured during the construction process, so that the compaction effect of the road is optimized.

[0021] 4. The vibrating screen is set up in a staggered manner by bolting steel bars, which is conducive to adjusting the screen holes of the vibrating screen, thereby ensuring that the particle size of the roadbed filler meets the design specification requirements.

[0022] 5. The excavated materials are directly loaded into the dump truck through the conveying device by using a soil cutter to cut the soil, and a reverse spiral distributor and a reverse hollow spiral drill rod, which simplifies the workflow of the excavation operation.

[0023] 6. Spring soil can be determined by setting up an ultrasonic detection device, so that timely repairs can be made for the spring soil phenomenon.

[0024] 7. This construction method avoids secondary disturbance of the roadbed and avoids the problem of uneven base due to the increase in the thickness of the mixture spread at the rutting position after traditional mechanical operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1: Shows the overall schematic diagram of the roadbed earthwork paver;

[0026] Figure 2 : shows a schematic diagram of a hollow auger rod;

[0027] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the collection tank and aggregate tank;

[0028] Figure 4 : shows a schematic diagram of a vibrating screen;

[0029] Figure 5 : Shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the feeding baffle;

[0030] Figure 6 : Shows the detailed view of the soil cutter arrangement;

[0031] Figure 7 : Detailed drawing of excavation collecting chute;

[0032] The symbols in the attached drawings indicate: 1 feeding baffle, 2 spiral feeder, 3 hollow spiral drill rod, 4 steel static pressure roller, 5 front hopper; 6 GPS and variable collector; 7 attached vibrator; 8 infrared probe; 9 water tank; 10 vibrating screen; 11 collecting trough; 12 aggregate trough; 13 mixture temperature and humidity detector; 14 mixture water injection hole; 15 push roller; 16 front wheel; 17 rear wheel; 18 control console; 19 steering wheel; 20 soil cutter; 21 excavation trough; 22 conveyor belt device; 23 sound wave detection device; 24 steel bar; 25 hexagonal nut.

[0033] In the drawings, components that correspond to each other are marked with the same reference numerals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0035] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 A variable-controlled roadbed excavation and filling earthwork construction mechanical device comprises a feeding baffle (1), a spiral feeder (2), a hollow spiral drill rod (3), a steel static pressure roller (4), a front hopper (5); a GPS and a variable collector (6); an attached vibrator (7); an infrared probe (8); a water tank (9); a vibrating screen (10); a collecting trough (11); a collecting trough (12); a mixture temperature and humidity detector (13); a mixture water injection hole (14); a push roller (15); a front wheel (16); a rear wheel (17); a control console (18); a steering wheel (19); a soil cutter (20); an excavation collecting trough (21); a conveyor belt device (22); a sound wave detection device (23); a steel bar (24); and a hexagonal nut (25).

[0036] During the filling operation, the vehicle transporting the earth stops at the push roller (15) and unloads the earth to the vibrating screen (10) above the front hopper (5). After the oversized particles are removed, the earth is sent to the position of the spiral distributor (2) by dynamically adjusting the water content of the earth through the hollow spiral drill rod (3); the spiral distributor (2) spreads the earth, and the spreading height is dynamically controlled by the feeding baffle (1); the spread earth is subjected to timely static pressure operation by the steel static pressure roller (4);

[0037] During the excavation operation, the ground soil layer is scooped up by a soil cutter (20), and the excavated soil is sent to the hollow spiral drill rod (3) by a reversing spiral distributor (2) and an inclined feeding baffle (1); the excavated soil is sent to an excavation receiving trough (21) by reversing the hollow spiral drill rod (3), and the excavation receiving trough (21) is connected to a conveyor belt device (22) to load the soil into a transfer vehicle;

[0038] The hollow auger rod (3) is configured to be hollow, and the water content of the soil is detected by a mixture temperature and humidity detector (13). When the water content is greater than a design value, a heating device inside the hollow auger rod (3) is started to evaporate the water in the soil, so that the water content meets the design standard. When the water content is less than the design value, water is provided to the mixture water injection hole (14) through a water tank (9) to inject water into the soil for stirring, so that the water content of the soil meets the design standard.

[0039] The vibrating screen (10) is formed by arranging steel bars (24) with threads at both ends to form a screen mesh, and the steel bars (24) are fixed at both ends by hexagonal nuts (25); oversized particles pass through the inclined vibrating screen (10) and roll into the middle arched collecting trough (11), and then flow through the collecting trough into the aggregate trough (12), and finally are collected uniformly.

[0040] The feeding baffle (1) is configured as a multi-block structure, and the height of each baffle is dynamically adjusted by an infrared probe (8) so as to monitor the elevation of the paved road surface in real time.

[0041] The soil cutter (20) is arranged in a multi-block triangle. The multi-block arrangement facilitates dynamic adjustment of the spacing and depth of the soil cutter. The triangular arrangement can directly remove oversized particles during the excavation operation.

[0042] Further Figure 2 The filler with excessive moisture content is heated and its moisture is evaporated by a heating device disposed in the hollow of the spiral drill rod (3); when the moisture content is too low, water is injected through the mixture injection hole (14) to dynamically adjust the moisture content of the filler.

[0043] See also Figure 3 , 4The roadbed fillers with different particle sizes are sieved by adjusting the mesh size of the vibrating screen (10) and then spread; particles with oversized particle sizes roll down to the aggregate trough (12) through the collecting trough (11) and are recycled after overflowing, thereby ensuring full and uniform rolling.

[0044] See also Figure 5 During the roadbed paving process, due to the unevenness of the original ground, in order to ensure uniform compaction after compaction, the filling elevation of the feeding baffle (1) is controlled by an infrared probe (8) and a GPS and a variable collector (6), so that the flatness and compaction of the filling material meet the design standards.

[0045] See also Figure 6 In the process of excavation, multiple soil cutters (20) are arranged in a triangle. The spacing and elevation of the soil cutters (20) can be dynamically adjusted according to the soil quality of the excavation at the construction site to meet the requirements of the construction site. In addition, the triangular arrangement facilitates the removal of large-sized particles that slide to both sides of the excavation for unified collection. The excavated materials that meet the particle size are finally Figure 7 The middle position of the excavation collecting trough (21) shown in the figure is leaked to the conveyor belt device (22) for unified transportation, so that the entire excavation operation process is continuously operated, thereby improving the construction efficiency.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any modification, equivalent change and modification made within the spirit and principle of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention and based on the technical essence of the present invention shall be regarded as the technical scope of the present invention and shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable-controlled roadbed filling and excavation construction mechanical device, characterized in that: The device comprises a feeding baffle (1), a spiral distributor (2), a hollow spiral drill rod (3), a steel static pressure roller (4), a front hopper (5); a GPS and variable collector (6); an attached vibrator (7); an infrared probe (8); a water tank (9); a vibrating screen (10); a collecting trough (11); a collecting trough (12); a mixture temperature and humidity detector (13); a mixture water injection hole (14); a push roller (15); a front wheel (16); a rear wheel (17); a control console (18); a steering wheel (19); a soil cutter (20); an excavation collecting trough (21); a conveyor belt device (22); a sonic wave detection device (23); steel bars (24); and a hexagonal nut (25). During the filling operation, the vehicle transporting the earth stops at the push roller (15) and unloads the earth to the vibrating screen (10) above the front hopper (5). After the oversized particles are removed, the earth is sent to the position of the spiral distributor (2) by dynamically adjusting the water content of the earth through the hollow spiral drill rod (3); the spiral distributor (2) spreads the earth, and the spreading height is dynamically controlled by the feeding baffle (1); the spread earth is subjected to timely static pressure operation by the steel static pressure roller (4); During the excavation operation, the ground soil layer is scooped up by a soil cutter (20), and the excavated soil is sent to the hollow spiral drill rod (3) by a reversing spiral distributor (2) and an inclined feeding baffle (1); the excavated soil is sent to an excavation receiving trough (21) by reversing the hollow spiral drill rod (3), and the excavation receiving trough (21) is connected to a conveyor belt device (22) to load the soil into a transfer vehicle; The hollow auger rod (3) is configured to be hollow, and the water content of the soil is detected by a mixture temperature and humidity detector (13). When the water content is greater than a design value, a heating device inside the hollow auger rod (3) is started to evaporate the water in the soil, so that the water content meets the design standard. When the water content is less than the design value, water is provided to the mixture water injection hole (14) through a water tank (9) to inject water into the soil for stirring, so that the water content of the soil meets the design standard.

2. A variable-controlled roadbed excavation construction mechanical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating screen (10) is formed by arranging steel bars (24) with threads at both ends to form a screen mesh, and the steel bars (24) are fixed at both ends by hexagonal nuts (25); oversized particles pass through the inclined vibrating screen (10) and roll into the middle arched collecting trough (11), and then slide into the aggregate trough (12) through the collecting trough, and finally are collected uniformly.

3. A variable-controlled roadbed excavation construction mechanical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding baffle (1) is configured as a multi-block structure, and the height of each baffle is dynamically adjusted by an infrared probe (8) so as to monitor the elevation of the paved road surface in real time.

4. A variable-controlled roadbed excavation construction mechanical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil cutter (20) is arranged in a multi-block triangle. The multi-block arrangement facilitates dynamic adjustment of the spacing and depth of the soil cutter. The triangular arrangement can directly remove oversized particles during the excavation operation.

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