A tunnel fan control method

Abstract

The application provides a tunnel fan control method and relates to the field of traffic facility management.The tunnel fan control method comprises the following steps: S1, calculating the variation rate of carbon monoxide co within a certain time t; S2, calculating the variation rate of visibility vi within a certain time t; S3, calculating the variation rate of wind speed fs within a certain time t; S4, calculating the growth rate of nitrogen dioxide No2 within a certain time t; S5, calculating the growth rate of traffic flow Car within a certain time t; S6, substituting the formula calculation results of S1-S5 into formula six, so as to obtain a ventilation index y; and S7, converting the y value obtained in S6 into a required fan number value.Through the fan control strategy algorithm based on multi-element data fusion, the problem of insufficient single threshold control is solved, the fan control is upgraded from single control to linear control, the intelligentization and rationalization of the fan automatic control are improved, the tunnel driving environment is more fitted, and the energy saving and emission reduction purposes are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of traffic facility management, in particular to a tunnel fan control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The highway tunnel is the throat of the highway, and the tunnel belongs to a semi-closed environment. Due to the mountain environment and the automobile exhaust generated when the vehicle drives in the tunnel, a large amount of harmful gases to the human body, such as carbon monoxide co, nitrogen dioxide No2, and visibility vi, are generated. Nitrogen dioxide No2 is the main product of automobile exhaust, and excessive inhalation by the human body can cause coma, poisoning and other adverse consequences. In order to monitor the tunnel environment and prevent adverse air conditions from affecting drivers and maintenance personnel, a carbon monoxide co, visibility vi, wind speed fs, and nitrogen dioxide No2 gas sensor is installed every 1 to 2 kilometers in the tunnel, and is linked with the ventilation equipment to reduce traffic accident hazards.

[0003] Generally, 2 to 3 groups of fans are installed at the tunnel entrance, exit, and middle section. The gas sensor detects the data information of co, vi, fs, and No2 in the tunnel in real time, then automatically compares the actual value detected with the control threshold value preset by the system, obtains the ventilation environment condition in the tunnel, and finally proposes a control scheme of the fan according to the comparison and analysis result, for the management department to select. Most of the existing tunnel fans are 22KW jet fans, and the control scheme thereof is to start one fan when the real-time value exceeds 30ppm, start two fans when the real-time value exceeds 70ppm, start three fans when the real-time value exceeds 100ppm, and start four fans when the real-time value exceeds 120ppm, and so on. In the above scheme, too few fans are started, and the harmful gas cannot be discharged from the tunnel, and too many fans are started, which wastes electric energy and does not conform to the energy saving and emission reduction policy. Therefore, how to effectively, reasonably, and scientifically ventilate is particularly important. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a tunnel fan control method, which solves the problem that the fan control in the prior art can only select one control variable, thereby causing the tunnel ventilation regulation and control to be rigid and low in efficiency and high in energy consumption.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application is implemented by the following technical scheme: a tunnel fan control method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, calculate the rate of change of carbon monoxide co within a certain time t, reasonably arrange the ventilation working state of the fan to control the concentration of carbon monoxide co in the tunnel, avoid the risk of poisoning caused by excessive inhalation due to respiratory function when the concentration is too high, wherein the ventilation working state of the fan is the number of fans in the ventilation working state;

[0007] S2, calculate the rate of change of visibility vi within a certain time t, to control the visibility vi in the tunnel to meet the driving demand, and avoid the risk of vehicle driving when the visibility vi is too low;

[0008] S3, calculate the rate of change of wind speed fs within a certain time t, reasonably arrange the ventilation working state of the fan combined with the natural wind to control the wind speed fs in the tunnel, and ensure that the ventilation standard is met;

[0009] S4, calculate the rate of change of nitrogen dioxide No2 within a certain time t, reasonably arrange the ventilation working state of the fan to control the concentration of nitrogen dioxide No2 in the tunnel, avoid the risk of poisoning caused by excessive inhalation due to respiratory function when the concentration is too high;

[0010] S5, calculate the rate of change of traffic flow Car within a certain time t, reasonably arrange the ventilation working state of the fan to meet the ventilation demand when different number of vehicles exist in the tunnel;

[0011] S6, substitute the results of S1-S5 into the following formula to obtain the ventilation index y

[0012]

[0013] In the formula:

[0014] y: predicted ventilation index

[0015] e is the natural logarithm and takes the value 2.718

[0016] Δ_Car: rate of change of traffic flow Car within t

[0017] Δ_co: rate of change of carbon monoxide

[0018] Δ_vi: rate of change of visibility vi

[0019] Δ_fs: rate of change of wind speed fs Δ_No2: rate of change of nitrogen dioxide No2 t: time range;

[0020] S7, convert the y value obtained in S6 into the required number of fans to start, specifically:

[0021] Bring y into the comparison formula: a ≤ y < a + 1

[0022] In the formula:

[0023] a is a natural number, when y makes the comparison formula hold, the required number of fans to be started is the value of a. Preferably, the formula for calculating the rate of change of carbon monoxide co in a certain time t in S1 is as follows: Formula one:

[0024] In the formula:

[0025] Δ_co: carbon monoxide change rate Max[Tco(t)]: maximum value of carbon monoxide in t range Min[Tco(t)]: minimum value of carbon monoxide in t range Avg[Tco(t)]: average value of carbon monoxide in t range.

[0026] Preferably, the formula for calculating the rate of change of visibility vi in a certain time t in S2 is as follows: Formula two:

[0027] In the formula:

[0028] Δ_vi: visibility vi change rate Max[Tvi(t)]: maximum value of visibility vi in t range Min[Tvi(t)]: minimum value of visibility vi in t range Avg[Tvi(t)]: average value of visibility vi in t range.

[0029] Preferably, the formula for calculating the rate of change of wind speed fs in a certain time t in S3 is as follows:

[0030] Formula three:

[0031] In the formula:

[0032] Δ_fs: wind speed fs change rate

[0033] Max[Tfs(t)]: maximum value of wind speed fs in t range

[0034] Min[Tfs(t)]: minimum value of wind speed fs in t range

[0035] Avg[Tfs(t)]: average value of wind speed fs in t range.

[0036] Preferably, the formula for calculating the rate of change of nitrogen dioxide No2 in a certain time t in S4 is as follows:

[0037] Formula four:

[0038] In the formula:

[0039] Δ_No2: nitrogen dioxide No2 change rate

[0040] Max[TNo2(t)]: maximum value of nitrogen dioxide No2 in the time range t

[0041] Min[TNo2(t)]: minimum value of nitrogen dioxide No2 in the time range t

[0042] Avg[TNo2(t)]: average value of nitrogen dioxide No2 in the time range t.

[0043] Preferably, the formula for calculating the change rate of the traffic volume Car in the time range t in S5 is as follows:

[0044] Formula five:

[0045] In the formula:

[0046] Delta_Car: change rate of the traffic volume Car

[0047] Sum[TCar(t)]: sum of the traffic volume Car in the time range t

[0048] Sum[TCar(-t)]: sum of the traffic volume Car in the previous time range t.

[0049] Through the above technical solution, the ventilation index y can be calculated according to the curve drawn according to the change of the ventilation coefficient in the time range t, and the number of started fans can be finally determined according to the change range of the ventilation index y.

[0050] The present application provides a tunnel fan control method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] The fan control strategy algorithm based on multi-element data fusion of the present application effectively fuses multi-element data, solves the problem of insufficient single threshold control, and upgrades the fan from single control to linear control, improves the intelligence, scientificity and rationality of fan automatic control, so that the fan starts and stops more in line with the tunnel driving environment, reduces the fan opening time in a safe driving environment, achieves energy saving and emission reduction, and at the same time deeply excavates scene data, effectively fuses data, interconnects and intercommunicates, and builds a digital, intelligent and smart tunnel scene. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the method steps of the present application;

[0053] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the curve relationship between the ventilation index y and the time t in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] With reference to the drawings and embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0055] As shown in Figures 1-2 The embodiment of the present application provides a tunnel fan control method, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1, a carbon monoxide co change rate in a certain time t is calculated, and the ventilation working state of the fan is reasonably arranged to control the concentration of carbon monoxide co in the tunnel, so as to avoid the danger of poisoning caused by excessive inhalation of the human body due to the breathing effect when the concentration is too high, wherein the ventilation working state of the fan is the number of fans in the ventilation working state.

[0057] Formula one:

[0058] In the formula:

[0059] Δ_co: carbon monoxide change rate

[0060] Max[Tco(t)]: maximum value of carbon monoxide in t range

[0061] Min[Tco(t)]: minimum value of carbon monoxide in t range

[0062] Avg[Tco(t)]: average value of carbon monoxide in t range

[0063] S2, the change rate of visibility vi in a certain time t is calculated, so as to control the visibility vi in the tunnel to meet the driving demand and avoid the danger of vehicle driving when the visibility vi is too low.

[0064] Formula two:

[0065] In the formula:

[0066] Δ_vi: visibility vi change rate

[0067] Max[Tvi(t)]: maximum value of visibility vi in t range

[0068] Min[Tvi(t)]: minimum value of visibility vi in t range

[0069] Avg[Tvi(t)]: average value of visibility vi in t range

[0070] S3, calculate the rate of change of wind speed fs in a certain time t, reasonably arrange the ventilation working state of the fan combined with natural wind, to control the wind speed fs in the tunnel, and ensure to meet the ventilation standard.

[0071] Equation three:

[0072] In the formula:

[0073] Δ_fs: rate of change of wind speed fs

[0074] Max[Tfs(t)]: maximum value of wind speed fs in t range

[0075] Min[Tfs(t)]: minimum value of wind speed fs in t range

[0076] Avg[Tfs(t)]: average value of wind speed fs in t range

[0077] S4, calculate the rate of change of nitrogen dioxide No2 in a certain time t, reasonably arrange the ventilation working state of the fan, to control the concentration of nitrogen dioxide No2 in the tunnel, and avoid the risk of poisoning caused by excessive inhalation of the human body due to breathing when the concentration is too high.

[0078] Equation four:

[0079] In the formula:

[0080] Δ_No2: rate of change of nitrogen dioxide No2

[0081] Max[TNo2(t)]: maximum value of nitrogen dioxide No2 in t range

[0082] Min[TNo2(t)]: minimum value of nitrogen dioxide No2 in t range

[0083] Avg[TNo2(t)]: average value of nitrogen dioxide No2 in t range

[0084] S5, calculate the rate of change of vehicle flow Car in a certain time t, reasonably arrange the ventilation working state of the fan, to meet the ventilation demand when different number of vehicles exist in the tunnel.

[0085] Equation five:

[0086] In the formula:

[0087] Δ_Car: rate of change of vehicle flow Car

[0088] Sum[TCar(t)]: sum of vehicle flow Car in t range

[0089] Sum[TCar(-t)] : the sum of the traffic volume Car in the previous t range;

[0090] S6, the formula calculation results of S1-S5 steps are substituted into formula six, so as to obtain the ventilation index y

[0091] Formula six:

[0092] In the formula:

[0093] y: predicted ventilation index

[0094] e is the natural logarithm and takes the value 2.718

[0095] Delta_Car: traffic volume Car t range change rate

[0096] Delta_co: carbon monoxide change rate

[0097] Delta_vi: visibility vi change rate

[0098] Delta_fs: wind speed fs change rate

[0099] Delta_No2: nitrogen dioxide No2 change rate

[0100] t: time range;

[0101] S7, the y value obtained in S6 is converted into the required fan number value, specifically:

[0102] y is brought into the comparison formula: a≤y<a+1

[0103] In the formula:

[0104] The value range of a is a natural number

[0105] When y makes the comparison formula true, the required fan number value is the value of a.

[0106] The existing fan control scheme is that the fan is opened and closed according to the threshold value of a certain sensor, such as the carbon monoxide range is 0-300pmm, if the real-time value exceeds 30ppm, start 1 fan; if the real-time value exceeds 70ppm, start 2 fans; if the real-time value exceeds 100ppm, start 3 fans; if the real-time value exceeds 120ppm, start 4 fans, etc.

[0107] The specific implementation details of the prior art scheme are as follows:

[0108] The relationship between the conventional carbon monoxide co concentration and the ventilation threshold value

[0109] Threshold concentration (range 0 - 300 ppm) Number of fans to start (units) <30 Number of fans to shut down 30--70 1 70--100 2 100-120 3 >120 4

[0110] Conventional visibility vi and ventilation threshold relationship

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] Conventional carbon dioxide No2 and ventilation threshold relationship

[0114] Threshold concentration (range 0 - 20) Number of fans to start (units) <5 Number of fans to shut down 5--8 1 8--12 2 12--14 3 >14 4

[0115] Conventional wind speed fs and ventilation threshold relationship (the greater the wind speed, the better the ventilation, and the fan is not started)

[0116] Threshold concentration (range 0 - 15 m / s) Number of fans to start (units) >8 Number of fans to shut down 5--8 1 3--5 2 1--3 3 <1 4

[0117] As can be seen from the above, when the fan is automatically controlled, the four sensors of carbon monoxide, visibility, wind speed, and nitrogen dioxide can only be selected one of the four. If nitrogen dioxide is selected to be linked with the fan automatic control, if the carbon dioxide exceeds the threshold value, the fan is started, and if the threshold value is not exceeded, the fan is not started. Under this effect, no safety protection is achieved, and it is in an ignored state. In addition, according to the threshold level start, it can solve part of the ventilation effect, but it is not the most scientific solution. For example, if carbon monoxide is selected to be linked with the fan, when the threshold value is critical, the fan is started to discharge carbon monoxide, and the automobile exhaust also produces carbon monoxide, which will cause the carbon monoxide to fluctuate around the threshold value, which may cause the fan to cycle start-stop-start-stop, and also cause damage to the equipment. Further, there is a lack of correlation between the vehicle flow and the start of the fan. The amount of vehicle flow is directly proportional to the amount of harmful gas generated, so increasing the linkage between vehicle flow and the fan is extremely important. Finally, the above existing solutions do not consider energy saving and emission reduction. For example, due to the mountain environment, harmful gases are generated, which makes the harmful gases in the tunnel exceed the standard, but there is no vehicle in the tunnel at this time, so the fan is still automatically started, wasting energy.

[0118] Based on years of practical project experience, it is found that the generation of harmful gases in the tunnel is not a one-time event, and the amount of vehicle flow and the amount of ventilation time are not a threshold relationship, but a linear relationship. The present application combines carbon monoxide, visibility, wind speed, nitrogen dioxide, vehicle flow, and time into an algorithm, correlates environmental variables with fan control strategies from a multi-dimensional perspective, and makes data intercommunication to drive equipment operation, thereby scientifically and effectively ventilating.

[0119] Further, two specific implementation cases of the present application provided below can be referred to:

[0120] Example 1:

[0121] Select time t = 2 hours

[0122] Formula one: the maximum value of co is 30, the minimum value is 27, and the average value is 28.5 within 2 hours, then

[0123]

[0124] Δ_co = 0.105

[0125] Formula two: the maximum value of vi is 1.05, the minimum value is 1.02, and the average value is 1.03 within 2 hours, then

[0126]

[0127] Δ_vi = 0.029

[0128] Formula three: the maximum value of fs is 1.98, the minimum value is 1.96, and the average value is 1.97 within 2 hours, then

[0129]

[0130] Δ_fs = 0.01

[0131] Formula four: the maximum value of No2 is 3.33, the minimum value is 3.21, and the average value is 3.29 within 2 hours, then

[0132]

[0133] Δ_No2 = 0.036

[0134] Formula five: the total sum of traffic volume is 35 within 2 hours, and the total sum of traffic volume is 28 within the first 2 hours, then

[0135]

[0136] Δ_Car = 0.25

[0137] Formula six: the calculation results of formula one, two, three, four, and five are substituted into formula six, and the ventilation index y is obtained

[0138] y = 0.026

[0139] Further, y is brought into the comparison formula: a ≤ y < a + 1

[0140] When y makes the comparison formula true, a = 0 can be obtained, and the number of fan start values is 0.

[0141] Example two:

[0142] The same time t = 2 hours is selected

[0143] Formula one: the maximum value of co is 33, the minimum value is 26, and the average value is 29.2 within 2 hours, then

[0144]

[0145] Δ_co = 0.240

[0146] Equation two: the maximum value of vi is 1.12, the minimum value is 1.01, and the average value is 1.06 within 2 hours, then

[0147]

[0148] Δ_vi = 0.104

[0149] Equation three: the maximum value of fs is 1.95, the minimum value is 1.71, and the average value is 1.77 within 2 hours, then

[0150]

[0151] Δ_fs = 0.136

[0152] Equation four: the maximum value of No2 is 2.81, the minimum value is 2.51, and the average value is 2.69 within 2 hours, then

[0153]

[0154] Δ_No2 = 0.112

[0155] Equation five: the total sum of traffic flow is 52 within 2 hours, and the total sum of traffic flow within the first 2 hours is 19, then

[0156]

[0157] Δ_Car = 1.737

[0158] Equation six: the calculation results of equations one, two, three, four, and five are substituted into equation six, and thus the ventilation index y is obtained

[0159] y = 2.014

[0160] Further, y is brought into the comparison equation: a ≤ y < a + 1

[0161] When y makes the comparison equation true, a = 2 is obtained, and thus the number of fan starts is 2.

[0162] Result: as the number of vehicles increases, the concentrations of environmental gases such as co, vi, fs, No2, and the like also increase, the ventilation index y is calculated to be approximately 2, and thus 2 fans are started for exhaust.

[0163] The conventional four kinds of environmental sensors of the existing highway tunnel are co, vi, fs and No2. If the fan linkage control strategy only depends on one of them and ignores other factors, it is too arbitrary and does not conform to the linear change rule. Furthermore, there is a certain linear relationship between the traffic flow in the tunnel and the change of the environmental gas concentration. For example, if the traffic flow increases, the exhaust emission increases, and the co and No2 concentrations also increase. Therefore, the control strategy of the fan is related to co, vi, fs, No2 and traffic flow. The method upgrades and optimizes the traditional fan control strategy, makes data intercommunication, breaks the circle and fusion. Through multiple modifications and verifications in the actual project of Beijing Tunnel, the start of the fan is more humanized, reasonable and scientific.

[0164] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a tunnel ventilation fan, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, calculating the variation rate Δ_co of carbon monoxide co within a time t, reasonably arranging the ventilation working state of the fan to control the concentration of carbon monoxide co in the tunnel, and avoiding the danger of poisoning caused by excessive inhalation of carbon monoxide due to the respiratory function of the human body when the concentration is too high, wherein the ventilation working state of the fan is the number of fans in the ventilation working state; S2, calculating the variation rate Δ_vi of visibility vi within a time t, to control the visibility vi in the tunnel to meet the driving requirements, and to avoid the danger of vehicle driving when the visibility vi is too low; S3, calculating the variation rate Δ_fs of wind speed fs within a time t, reasonably arranging the ventilation working state of the fan combined with the natural wind to control the wind speed fs in the tunnel, and ensuring that the ventilation standard is met; S4, calculating the variation rate Δ_No2 of nitrogen dioxide No2 within a time t, reasonably arranging the ventilation working state of the fan to control the concentration of nitrogen dioxide No2 in the tunnel, and avoiding the danger of poisoning caused by excessive inhalation of nitrogen dioxide due to the respiratory function of the human body when the concentration is too high; S5, calculating the variation rate Δ_Car of vehicle flow Car within a time t, and reasonably arranging the ventilation working state of the fan to meet the ventilation requirements when different numbers of vehicles exist in the tunnel; S6, substituting the results of S1-S5 into the following formula to obtain the ventilation index y In the formula: y: predicted ventilation index e is the natural logarithm and takes the value 2.718 Δ_Car: variation rate of vehicle flow Car within a time t Δ_co: carbon monoxide variation rate Δ_vi: visibility vi variation rate Δ_fs: wind speed fs variation rate Δ_No2: nitrogen dioxide No2 variation rate t: time range; S7, converting the y value obtained in S6 into the required fan number value, specifically: Substitute y into the comparison formula: a ≤ y < a + 1 In the formula: The value range of a is a natural number When y makes the comparison formula true, the required fan number value is the value of a; the formula for calculating the variation rate of carbon monoxide co within a time t in S1 is as follows: Equation One: In the formula: Δ_co: carbon monoxide variation rate Max[Tco(t)]: maximum value of carbon monoxide in the range t Min[Tco(t)]: minimum value of carbon monoxide in the range t Avg[Tco(t)]: average value of carbon monoxide in the range t; The formula for calculating the variation rate of visibility vi within a time t in S2 is as follows: Equation Two: In the formula: Δ_vi: visibility vi variation rate Max[Tvi(t)]: maximum value of visibility vi in the range t Min[Tvi(t)]: minimum value of visibility vi in the range t Avg[Tvi(t)]: average value of visibility vi in the range t; The formula for calculating the variation rate of wind speed fs within a time t in S3 is as follows: Equation Three: In the formula: Δ_fs: wind speed fs variation rate Max[Tfs(t)]: maximum value of wind speed fs in the range t Min[Tfs(t)]: minimum value of wind speed fs in the range t Avg[Tfs(t)]: average value of wind speed fs in the range t; The formula for calculating the variation rate of nitrogen dioxide No2 within a time t in S4 is as follows: Equation Four: In the formula: Δ_No2: Nitrogen dioxide No2 change rate Max[TNo2(t)]: Maximum value of Nitrogen dioxide No2 in t range Min[TNo2(t)]: Minimum value of Nitrogen dioxide No2 in t range Equation Five: Avg[TNo2(t)]: Average value of Nitrogen dioxide No2 in t range The formula for calculating the change rate of the traffic volume Car in a certain time t range in S5 is as follows: In the formula: Δ_Car: Traffic volume Car change rate Sum[TCar(t)]: Total of traffic volume Car in t range Sum[TCar(-t)]: Total of traffic volume Car in the previous t range.

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