Combustion chamber test equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a combustion chamber test device, which includes a casing, a flame tube, a fixing assembly and a pull rod assembly. The flame tube is located in the casing, a main combustion stage swirler is fixedly provided at the front end of the flame tube, and the front end of the flame tube is connected to a fuel nozzle. The fixing assembly is located at the rear side of the flame tube, and the fixing assembly is fixedly connected to the casing. One end of the pull rod assembly is fixed relative to the front end of the flame tube, and the other end is fixed to the fixing assembly, and the rear end of the flame tube is a free end. The front end of the flame tube is fixed to the casing through the pull rod assembly, and the rear end of the flame tube is a free end. Under a high-temperature test environment, the flame tube expands, and the front end of the flame tube will not change significantly under the fixing action of the pull rod assembly, thereby ensuring the design requirement that the positional relationship between the fuel nozzle and the main combustion stage swirler in the combustion chamber components remains basically unchanged during hot operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aviation engine testing, and in particular to a combustion chamber testing device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the single head test is usually used to verify and optimize the combustion chamber component scheme in the development process of aircraft engine combustion chamber components. The single head combustion chamber test device is required to simulate the key features of the component scheme, test the main performance of different combustion chamber head schemes such as ignition and flameout, combustion efficiency, and pollution emissions in the test, obtain performance data such as emissions, combustion efficiency, ignition and flameout, and select one or more head schemes that meet emission standards, have high combustion efficiency, and have better ignition and flameout performance as the basis for optimizing the component scheme, and provide data support for fan-shaped and full-ring test pieces.

[0003] The flame tube is used to organize combustion and is in a high temperature and high pressure environment for a long time. The working conditions are the worst. The temperature of the combustion chamber test device is high during the test, and the flame tube expands and deforms due to the heat. This will cause the position of the main combustion stage swirler installed at the front end of the flame tube to change significantly, resulting in a large gap between the test results and the actual values. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber test device in order to overcome the defect in the prior art that the main combustion stage swirler undergoes a large displacement during the test, which affects the test accuracy.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A combustion chamber test device, the combustion chamber test device comprising:

[0007] Receiver;

[0008] A flame tube, the flame tube is located in the casing, and a main combustion stage swirler is fixedly provided at the front end of the flame tube through a head adapter section;

[0009] A fixing assembly, the fixing assembly is located at the rear side of the flame tube, and the fixing assembly is fixedly connected to the casing;

[0010] A pull rod assembly, one end of which is fixed relative to the front end of the flame tube, and the other end is fixed to the fixed assembly, and the rear end of the flame tube is a free end.

[0011] In the present scheme, the front end of the flame tube is fixed to the casing by a tie rod assembly, and at the same time, the rear end of the flame tube is a free end. Therefore, in a high-temperature test environment, the flame tube expands, and the front end of the flame tube is fixed by the tie rod assembly, and the position will not change significantly, thereby ensuring the design requirement that the positional relationship between the fuel nozzle and the main combustion stage swirler in the combustion chamber components remains basically unchanged during hot operation, reducing the impact of changes in the positions of the fuel nozzle and the swirler on the test accuracy. In addition, since the rear end of the flame tube is a free end, the thermal stress of the flame tube can be released through the deformation of the free end, thereby improving the stress condition of the flame tube.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing assembly has a connecting hole, and the combustion chamber test device further comprises a sealing ring, one end of which is movably sleeved on the outside of the rear outlet of the flame tube, and the other end of which is passed through the connecting hole.

[0013] In this scheme, the gas discharged from the flame tube is discharged through the connecting hole, and the flame tube and the connecting hole are connected by a sealing ring. The sealing ring can play a role of sealing and isolation, preventing the cooling gas outside the flame tube from entering the flame tube from the tail of the flame tube, causing a sharp drop in temperature and causing the working temperature to differ too much from the design value. In addition, since the sealing ring and the rear end of the flame tube are movably connected, the sealing ring will not impose many restrictions on the axial deformation of the flame tube. The rear end of the flame tube can be freely deformed and release stress along the axial direction. This structure can alleviate the stress of the flame tube in the hot state while ensuring sealing, thereby increasing the service life of the flame tube.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing ring is provided with a plurality of penetrating first cooling holes, and the first cooling holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sealing ring.

[0015] In this solution, a circle of first cooling holes arranged on the elastic sealing ring can introduce cooling gas into the sealing ring, thereby cooling the tail of the flame tube and improving the service life of the flame tube. The first cooling holes are evenly distributed, so that the temperature in the sealing ring is also relatively uniform, avoiding excessive local temperature differences.

[0016] Preferably, the sealing ring has a transition section, the diameter of which gradually increases from front to back, and the first cooling hole is arranged on the transition section.

[0017] In this solution, the transition section is a cone-shaped cone that opens backwards, and the first cooling hole is arranged on the transition section. Therefore, the first cooling hole is inclined backwards toward the sealing ring, so the flow direction of the cooling airflow is also inclined backwards, and the airflow distribution is more reasonable.

[0018] Preferably, the sealing ring includes a front connecting section that cooperates with the outer part of the rear outlet of the flame tube and a rear connecting section that cooperates with the connecting hole. The transition section is located between the front connecting section and the rear connecting section, and the diameter of the front connecting section is smaller than the diameter of the rear connecting section.

[0019] In the present embodiment, the diameter of the connecting hole is larger than the diameter of the rear outlet of the flame tube, so the fixing assembly will not block the exhaust of the flame tube and facilitate the installation of the sealing ring. The sizes of the front connecting section and the rear connecting section of the sealing ring are also adjusted accordingly with the connecting hole and the rear outlet of the flame tube. In addition, the structure facilitates the formation of a backward-expanding cone in the transition section, which is conducive to the setting of the first cooling hole.

[0020] Preferably, the sealing ring is an elastic sealing ring, and the elastic sealing ring is interference fit with the outer side of the rear outlet of the flame tube.

[0021] In this solution, the elastic sealing ring can fit more closely with the flame tube to prevent unexpected leakage between the elastic sealing ring and the flame tube. Even if the flame tube is deformed due to temperature changes, the elastic sealing ring can still form a seal with the flame tube.

[0022] Preferably, the tension rod assembly includes a plurality of tension rods, a mounting flange is provided at the front end of the flame tube, and one end of the tension rod is fixedly connected to the mounting flange.

[0023] In the present scheme, the tension rod is fixedly connected to the front end of the flame tube through a mounting flange (for example, by welding). Under the joint action of multiple tension rods, the front end of the flame tube is fixed, so that during high temperature and high pressure operation, the deformation of the mounting flange of the flame tube is very small, thereby ensuring that the position of the main combustion stage swirler in the casing remains basically unchanged, thereby achieving the design requirement that the position relationship between the fuel nozzle and the main combustion stage swirler in the component remains basically unchanged during hot operation.

[0024] Preferably, the tension rods are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the flame tube.

[0025] In this solution, the positions of the tension rods are evenly distributed, the fixing force on the flame tube is also relatively uniform, and the flame tube can be deformed basically evenly, thereby preventing the flame tube from swinging and deforming due to uneven fixing force.

[0026] Preferably, the fixing assembly comprises a fixing plate located at the rear side of the flame tube, and the fixing plate has a mounting hole for the tension rod to be inserted into.

[0027] In this solution, the tension rod is inserted into the mounting hole of the fixing plate, so as to realize the positioning of the tension rod and the fixing plate. The tension rod can be fixedly connected with the fixing plate by using the mounting hole, for example, by welding.

[0028] Preferably, a plurality of rows of second cooling holes are provided on the flame tube, the second cooling holes in each row are arranged along the circumference of the flame tube, and the second cooling holes in adjacent rows are staggered.

[0029] In this solution, the cooling method of the flame tube is a full-coverage air film cooling structure, which uses the second cooling holes on the flame tube to provide cooling air into the flame tube and form a cooling air film on the flame tube wall, thereby preventing the flame tube wall temperature from being too high and ensuring the service life of the flame tube. The second cooling holes are staggered, that is, the second cooling holes are staggered in axial position with the second cooling holes in the adjacent rows. Such an arrangement can set more second cooling holes on the flame tube and has less impact on the structural strength of the flame tube to ensure the cooling effect.

[0030] On the basis of being in accordance with the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0032] In the combustion chamber test device of the present invention, the front end of the flame tube is fixed to the casing by a pull rod assembly, and at the same time, the rear end of the flame tube is a free end. Therefore, in a high-temperature test environment, the flame tube expands, and the front end of the flame tube is fixed by the pull rod assembly, and the position will not change significantly, thereby ensuring the design requirement that the positional relationship between the fuel nozzle and the main combustion stage swirler in the combustion chamber components remains basically unchanged during hot operation, reducing the impact of changes in the positions of the fuel nozzle and the swirler on the test accuracy. In addition, since the rear end of the flame tube is a free end, the thermal stress of the flame tube can be released through the deformation of the free end, thereby improving the stress condition of the flame tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a combustion chamber test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a combustion chamber test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a combustion chamber test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a sealing ring of a combustion chamber test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Description of Reference Numerals

[0038] Receiver 1

[0039] Flame Tube 2

[0040] Mounting flange 21

[0041] Connection hole 211

[0042] Straight section 22

[0043] Convergence segment 23

[0044] Second cooling hole 24

[0045] Flame tube outlet 25

[0046] Fixing component 3

[0047] Fixed plate 31

[0048] Communication hole 32

[0049] Mounting hole 33

[0050] Tie rod assembly 4

[0051] Tension rod 41

[0052] Sealing ring 5

[0053] Transition section 51

[0054] Front connecting section 52

[0055] Rear connecting section 53

[0056] The first cooling hole 54

[0057] Fuel nozzle 6

[0058] Main combustion stage cyclone 7

[0059] Head adapter section 8

[0060] Ignition nozzle 9

[0061] Convergence angle α DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0063] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, this embodiment provides a combustion chamber test device, which includes a casing 1, a flame tube 2, a fixing assembly 3 and a pull rod assembly 4. The flame tube 2 is located in the casing 1. The front end of the flame tube 2 is fixedly provided with a main combustion stage swirler 7 through a head adapter section 8, and the front end of the flame tube 2 is connected to a fuel nozzle 6. In this embodiment, three fuel nozzles 6 are provided, two of which are pre-combustion stage nozzles and one is a main combustion stage nozzle. An ignition nozzle 9 is provided on the flame tube 2 for ignition. During the operation of the combustion chamber test device, after the gas enters the casing 1 from the front end of the casing 1, the airflow can produce the following three effects: (1) one airflow enters the flame tube 2 through the fuel nozzle 6 and the main combustion stage swirler 7, mixes with the fuel sprayed from the fuel nozzle 6 and ignites, and performs a combustion process in the flame tube 2; (2) another airflow is used for cooling the head adapter section 8; (3) the last airflow cools the flame tube 2.

[0064] Among them, the fixing component 3 is located at the rear side of the flame tube 2, and the fixing component 3 is fixedly connected to the casing 1; one end of the pull rod component 4 is fixed relative to the front end of the flame tube 2, and the other end is fixed to the fixing component 3, and the rear end of the flame tube 2 is a free end.

[0065] The front end of the flame tube 2 is fixed to the casing 1 by the tie rod assembly 4. At the same time, the rear end of the flame tube 2 is a free end. Therefore, in a high-temperature test environment, the flame tube 2 expands. Under the fixing action of the tie rod assembly 4, the position of the front end of the flame tube 2 will not change significantly, thereby ensuring the design requirement that the position relationship between the fuel nozzle 6 and the main combustion stage swirler 7 in the combustion chamber components remains basically unchanged during hot operation, reducing the influence of the change in the position of the fuel nozzle 6 and the swirler on the test accuracy. In addition, since the rear end of the flame tube 2 is a free end, the thermal stress of the flame tube 2 can be released through the deformation of the free end, thereby improving the stress condition of the flame tube 2.

[0066] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the fixing assembly 3 includes a fixing plate 31 located at the rear side of the flame tube 2, and the fixing plate 31 has a connecting hole 32, and the gas discharged from the flame tube 2 can be discharged through the connecting hole 32. The combustion chamber test device also includes a sealing ring 5, one end of which is movably sleeved on the outside of the rear outlet of the flame tube 2, and the other end is penetrated into the connecting hole 32. The flame tube 2 and the connecting hole 32 are connected by the sealing ring 5, and the sealing ring 5 can play a role of sealing and isolation, preventing the cooling gas outside the flame tube 2 from entering the flame tube 2 from the tail of the flame tube 2 to cause a sharp drop in temperature and cause the working temperature to differ too much from the design value. In addition, since the sealing ring 5 is movably connected to the rear end of the flame tube 2, the sealing ring 5 will not impose many restrictions on the axial deformation of the flame tube 2, and the rear end of the flame tube 2 can be freely deformed and release stress along the axial direction. While ensuring the sealing, this structure can alleviate the stress of the flame tube 2 in the hot state and improve the service life of the flame tube 2.

[0067] See also Figure 4 As shown, the sealing ring 5 is provided with a plurality of first cooling holes 54 that penetrate therethrough, and the first cooling holes 54 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sealing ring 5. A circle of first cooling holes 54 provided on the elastic sealing ring 5 can introduce cooling gas into the sealing ring 5, thereby cooling the tail of the flame tube 2 and improving the service life of the flame tube 2. The first cooling holes 54 are evenly distributed, so that the temperature in the sealing ring 5 is also relatively uniform, avoiding excessive local temperature differences.

[0068] The sealing ring 5 has a transition section 51, the diameter of which gradually increases from front to back, and the first cooling hole 54 is arranged on the transition section 51. The transition section 51 is a frustum-shaped cone that opens backwards, and the first cooling hole 54 is arranged on the transition section 51, so the first cooling hole 54 is inclined backwards toward the inside of the sealing ring 5, so the flow direction of the cooling airflow is also inclined backwards, and the airflow distribution is more reasonable.

[0069] Specifically in this embodiment, the sealing ring 5 includes a front connecting section 52 that cooperates with the outer part of the rear side outlet of the flame tube 2, and a rear connecting section 53 that cooperates with the connecting hole 32. The transition section 51 is located between the front connecting section 52 and the rear connecting section 53. The diameter of the connecting hole 32 is larger than the diameter of the rear side outlet of the flame tube 2. Therefore, the fixing component 3 will not block the exhaust of the flame tube 2, and it is convenient for the installation of the sealing ring 5. Accordingly, the diameter of the front connecting section 52 is smaller than the diameter of the rear connecting section 53. This structure facilitates the formation of a backward expanding cone in the transition section 51, which is conducive to the setting of the first cooling hole 54.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, the sealing ring 5 is an elastic sealing ring 5, and the elastic sealing ring 5 is interference-fitted with the outer side of the rear outlet of the flame tube 2. The elastic sealing ring 5 can be more closely matched with the flame tube 2 to prevent unexpected leakage between the elastic sealing ring 5 and the flame tube 2, and even if the flame tube 2 is deformed due to temperature changes, the elastic sealing ring 5 can still form a seal with the flame tube 2.

[0071] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the tie rod assembly 4 includes a plurality of tie rods 41. Specifically, in the present embodiment, four tie rods 41 are provided. A mounting flange 21 is provided at the front end of the flame tube 2. One end of the tie rod 41 is fixedly connected to the mounting flange 21. Specifically, a connecting hole 211 is provided on the mounting flange 21 for the tie rod 41 to be inserted. The tie rod 41 is fixedly connected to the front end of the flame tube 2 through the mounting flange 21 (for example, by welding). Under the joint action of the plurality of tie rods 41, the front end of the flame tube 2 is fixed, so that during the high temperature and high pressure operation, the deformation of the mounting flange 21 of the flame tube 2 is very small, thereby ensuring that the position of the main combustion stage swirler 7 in the casing 1 remains basically unchanged, and realizing the design requirement that the position relationship between the fuel nozzle 6 and the main combustion stage swirler 7 in the component remains basically unchanged during hot operation.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment, the tension rods 41 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the flame tube 2. Since the tension rods 41 are evenly distributed, the fixing force on the flame tube 2 is also relatively uniform, and the flame tube 2 can be deformed basically evenly, thereby preventing the flame tube 2 from swinging and deforming due to uneven fixing force.

[0073] The fixing plate 31 has a mounting hole 33 for the tension rod 41 to be inserted into. The tension rod 41 is inserted into the mounting hole 33 of the fixing plate 31, so as to realize the positioning of the tension rod 41 and the fixing plate 31. The tension rod 41 can be fixedly connected to the fixing plate 31 by using the mounting hole 33, for example, by welding.

[0074] The material of the flame tube 2 is preferably a high-temperature alloy, and more preferably, the high-temperature resistant GH5188 material is selected to meet the high-temperature resistance requirements.

[0075] The flame tube 2 is provided with multiple rows of second cooling holes 24, each row of second cooling holes 24 is arranged along the circumference of the flame tube 2, and the second cooling holes 24 in adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner. The cooling method of the flame tube 2 is a full-coverage air film cooling structure, which uses the second cooling holes 24 on the flame tube 2 to provide cooling air into the flame tube 2 and form a cooling air film on the wall of the flame tube 2, thereby preventing the wall temperature of the flame tube 2 from being too high and ensuring the service life of the flame tube 2. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the second cooling holes 24 are staggered, that is, the second cooling holes 24 and the second cooling holes 24 in the adjacent rows are staggered in the axial direction of the flame tube. Such an arrangement can provide more second cooling holes 24 on the flame tube 2 and has less influence on the structural strength of the flame tube 2 to ensure the cooling effect.

[0076] The flame tube 2 adopts a cylindrical flame tube 2 flow channel design. The flame tube 2 specifically includes a straight section 22 and a convergent section 23. The following measures are taken to ensure that the flow channel design of the cylindrical flame tube 2 simulates the actual situation of the components:

[0077] 1) The total area of ​​the second cooling holes 24 on the flame tube 2 is used to ensure that the flow distribution of the flame tube 2 is consistent with the actual component plan;

[0078] 2) Flame tube 2 volume (i.e., the volume of the inner cavity of flame tube 2) = actual component flame tube 2 volume / number of fuel nozzles 6;

[0079] 3) The area of ​​flame tube outlet 25 (i.e. the area of ​​the circular hole at flame tube outlet 25) = the area of ​​component flame tube outlet 25 / the number of fuel nozzles 6;

[0080] 4) The length of the straight section 22 of the flame tube 2, the length of the convergent section 23, and the convergence angle α are as consistent as possible with the component plan;

[0081] 5) The height of the flame tube 2 at the reference section (i.e. the diameter of the circular hole in the straight section 22) is consistent with the component.

[0082] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combustion chamber test device, characterized in that: The combustion chamber test device comprises: Receiver; The flame tube is located in the casing, and the front end of the flame tube is fixedly provided with a head adapter section. Main combustion stage cyclone; A fixing assembly, the fixing assembly is located at the rear side of the flame tube, and the fixing assembly is fixedly connected to the casing; A pull rod assembly, one end of which is fixed relative to the front end of the flame tube, and the other end of which is fixed to the fixing assembly, and the rear end of the flame tube is a free end; The fixing assembly has a connecting hole, and the combustion chamber test device also includes a sealing ring, one end of which is movably sleeved on the outside of the rear outlet of the flame tube, and the other end of which is inserted into the connecting hole; The sealing ring is provided with a first cooling hole penetrating therethrough.

2. The combustion chamber test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing ring is provided with a plurality of penetrating first cooling holes, and the first cooling holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sealing ring.

3. The combustion chamber test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing ring has a transition section, the diameter of which gradually increases from front to back, and the first cooling hole is arranged on the transition section.

4. The combustion chamber test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing ring includes a front connecting section that cooperates with the outer part of the rear side outlet of the flame tube and a rear connecting section that cooperates with the connecting hole. The transition section is located between the front connecting section and the rear connecting section. The diameter of the front connecting section is smaller than the diameter of the rear connecting section.

5. The combustion chamber test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing ring is an elastic sealing ring, and the elastic sealing ring is interference-fitted with the outer side of the rear outlet of the flame tube.

6. The combustion chamber test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tie rod assembly includes a plurality of tie rods. A mounting flange is provided at the front end of the flame tube. One end of the tie rod is fixedly connected to the mounting flange.

7. The combustion chamber test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tension rods are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the flame tube.

8. The combustion chamber test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a fixing plate located at the rear side of the flame tube, the fixing plate is fixedly arranged relative to the casing, and the fixing plate has a mounting hole for the tension rod to be inserted into.

9. The combustion chamber test device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The flame tube is provided with a plurality of rows of second cooling holes, the second cooling holes in each row are arranged along the circumference of the flame tube, and the second cooling holes in adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner.

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