A charging and discharging balancing method, system and storage medium based on rechargeable battery

Abstract

The present invention discloses a charge and discharge balancing method based on a rechargeable battery. The system performs communication identification on the BMS of the currently connected rechargeable battery. If the identification result is compatible, the system obtains battery information through the BMS of the rechargeable battery. If the identification result is incompatible, the system is automatically disconnected and an alarm message is issued. The battery information includes charge and discharge voltage and charge and discharge current. The BMS communication identification is performed on the currently connected rechargeable battery, and incompatible rechargeable batteries are automatically disconnected, thereby improving the safety of use. Different charging modes are selected according to the number of currently connected compatible rechargeable batteries, and the charge and discharge power of the system is adaptively adjusted according to the charge and discharge power of the rechargeable battery, thereby reducing the loss and waste of electric energy. When multiple rechargeable batteries with different voltages are connected at the same time, the safety of use is guaranteed through balancing processing, and damage during use is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery charging, and in particular to a charging and discharging balancing method, system and storage medium based on a rechargeable battery. Background Art

[0002] Batteries in existing light electric vehicles are not only used for energy storage and as a source of energy for driving. They can also serve as a power source to charge lithium batteries. However, due to the different charging voltages of different lithium batteries, charging multiple lithium batteries can damage the vehicle's energy storage power source and rechargeable lithium batteries, posing a significant safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology that due to the different charging voltages of different lithium batteries, when multiple lithium batteries are charged, the vehicle energy storage power supply and the rechargeable lithium batteries are damaged, which brings great safety hazards, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a charge and discharge balancing method based on rechargeable batteries.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a charge and discharge balancing method for a rechargeable battery, the discharge balancing method comprising the following steps:

[0006] The system communicates and identifies the BMS of the currently connected rechargeable battery. If the identification result is compatible, the system obtains the rechargeable battery information through the BMS of the rechargeable battery. If the identification result is incompatible, the system automatically disconnects and issues an alarm message. The rechargeable battery information includes charge and discharge voltage and charge and discharge current;

[0007] When the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N=1, the system's charging and discharging power is adjusted according to the charging and discharging power of the rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use;

[0008] When the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N>1, determine whether the current voltages of the N rechargeable batteries are consistent. If they are consistent, adjust the system's charging and discharging power according to the sum of the current charging and discharging power of the N rechargeable batteries, and be ready for use; if there is any inconsistency, balance is performed to make the current charging and discharging voltages of the N rechargeable batteries consistent, and then adjust the system's charging and discharging power according to the sum of the current charging and discharging power of the N rechargeable batteries, and be ready for use.

[0009] In some possible implementations, a time T is set to determine whether it has not been used for more than the time T. When N=2, if so, balancing is performed to keep the charge and discharge voltages of the two current rechargeable batteries consistent, and then the charge and discharge power of the system is adjusted according to the sum of the charge and discharge power of the two current rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use; if not, the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC is automatically connected, and the charge and discharge power of the system is adjusted according to the charge and discharge power of the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC, and the system is ready for use.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the balancing circuit includes an MCU, a switching device Q1 and a switching device Q2, wherein the MCU is connected in parallel with the switching device Q1 and the switching device Q2, respectively, and the switching device Q1 and the switching device Q2 are connected in series.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the balancing logic is specifically as follows: the switch device Q1 or the switch device Q2 is controlled by the MCU; when the switch device Q1 is normally on, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the battery's switch device Q2 until the charge and discharge voltages of the two rechargeable batteries are equal; when the switch device Q2 is normally on, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the battery's switch device Q1 until the charge and discharge voltages of the two batteries are equal.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation satisfies the following two conditions:

[0013] The discharge current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous discharge current protection value of the rechargeable battery;

[0014] The charging current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous charging current protection value of the rechargeable battery.

[0015] The second aspect of the present invention provides a charge and discharge balancing system based on a rechargeable battery, the charge and discharge balancing system comprising

[0016] Identification and judgment module: performs communication identification on the BMS of the currently connected rechargeable battery. If the identification result is compatible, the rechargeable battery information is obtained through the BMS of the rechargeable battery. If the identification result is incompatible, it is automatically disconnected and an alarm message is issued. The rechargeable battery information includes charging and discharging voltage and charging and discharging current;

[0017] The first charging module: when the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N=1, adjusts the charging and discharging power of the system according to the charging and discharging power of the rechargeable batteries and is ready for use;

[0018] The second charging module: when the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N>1, it is determined whether the voltages of the current N rechargeable batteries are consistent. If they are consistent, the charging and discharging power of the system is adjusted according to the sum of the charging and discharging power of the current N rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use; if there is any inconsistency, balancing is performed to make the charging and discharging voltages of the current N rechargeable batteries consistent, and then the charging and discharging power of the system is adjusted according to the sum of the charging and discharging power of the current N rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use.

[0019] In some possible implementations, a time T is set to determine whether it has not been used for more than the time T. When N=2, if so, balancing is performed to keep the charge and discharge voltages of the two current rechargeable batteries consistent, and then the charge and discharge power of the system is adjusted according to the sum of the charge and discharge power of the two current rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use; if not, the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC is automatically connected, and the charge and discharge power of the system is adjusted according to the charge and discharge power of the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC, and the system is ready for use.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the balancing circuit includes an MCU, a switching device Q1 and a switching device Q2, wherein the MCU is connected in parallel with the switching device Q1 and the switching device Q2, respectively, and the switching device Q1 and the switching device Q2 are connected in series.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the balancing logic is specifically as follows: the switch device Q1 or the switch device Q2 is controlled by the MCU; when the switch device Q1 is normally on, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the battery switch device Q2 until the charge and discharge voltages of the two rechargeable batteries are equal; when the switch device Q2 is normally on, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the battery switch device Q1 until the charge and discharge voltages of the two rechargeable batteries are equal.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation satisfies the following two conditions:

[0023] The discharge current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous discharge current protection value of the rechargeable battery;

[0024] The charging current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous charging current protection value of the rechargeable battery.

[0025] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a computer storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned charge and discharge balancing method based on a rechargeable battery are implemented.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by performing BMS communication identification on the currently connected rechargeable battery and automatically disconnecting the incompatible rechargeable battery, the safety of use is improved; different charging modes are selected according to the number of currently connected compatible rechargeable batteries, and the charging and discharging power of the system is adaptively adjusted according to the charging and discharging power of the rechargeable battery, thereby reducing the loss and waste of electric energy; when multiple rechargeable batteries with different voltages are connected at the same time, the safety of use is guaranteed through balancing processing, and damage during use is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the overall steps of a charge and discharge balancing method based on a rechargeable battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the equalization circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 The figure is a structural diagram of a charge and discharge balancing system based on a rechargeable battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more precise definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Existing technical problems: Existing light electric vehicles are used as energy storage power sources to charge lithium batteries. However, due to the different charging voltages of different lithium batteries, when multiple lithium batteries are charged, the vehicle energy storage power source and the rechargeable lithium batteries are damaged, posing a huge safety hazard.

[0032] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an embodiment, which provides a charge and discharge balancing method based on a rechargeable battery. Figure 1 As shown, the charge and discharge balancing method includes the following steps:

[0033] The system communicates and identifies the BMS of the currently connected rechargeable battery. If the identification result is compatible, the system obtains the rechargeable battery information through the BMS of the rechargeable battery. If the identification result is incompatible, the system automatically disconnects and issues an alarm message. The rechargeable battery information includes charge and discharge voltage and charge and discharge current;

[0034] When the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N=1, the system's charging and discharging power is adjusted according to the charging and discharging power of the rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use;

[0035] When the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N=2, determine whether the current voltages of the two rechargeable batteries are consistent. If they are consistent, adjust the system's charging and discharging power according to the sum of the current charging and discharging power of the two rechargeable batteries, and be ready for use; if there is any inconsistency, balance is performed to make the current charging and discharging voltages of the two rechargeable batteries consistent, and then adjust the system's charging and discharging power according to the sum of the current charging and discharging power of the two rechargeable batteries, and be ready for use.

[0036] By performing BMS communication identification on the currently connected rechargeable battery and automatically disconnecting incompatible rechargeable batteries, the safety of use is improved; different charging modes are selected according to the number of currently connected compatible rechargeable batteries, and the charging and discharging power of the system is adaptively adjusted according to the charging and discharging power of the rechargeable battery to reduce the loss and waste of electric energy; when multiple rechargeable batteries with different voltages are connected at the same time, the safety of use is guaranteed through balancing processing to avoid damage during use.

[0037] On the basis of the above embodiment, a time T is set to determine whether it has not been used for more than the time T. When N=2, if so, balancing is performed to keep the charge and discharge voltages of the two current rechargeable batteries consistent, and then the charge and discharge power of the system is adjusted according to the sum of the charge and discharge power of the two current rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use; if not, the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC is automatically connected, and the charge and discharge power of the system is adjusted according to the charge and discharge power of the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC, and the system is ready for use.

[0038] The purpose of doing this is to make adjustments based on the user's needs, providing great convenience to the user.

[0039] Based on the above embodiments, see the attached Figure 2 As shown, the balancing circuit includes an MCU, a switching device Q1 and a switching device Q2. The MCU is connected in parallel with the switching device Q1 and the switching device Q2, respectively. The switching device Q1 and the switching device Q2 are connected in series. The switching device Q1 is connected to the battery A through a power circuit line, and the switching device Q2 is connected to the battery B through a power circuit line.

[0040] The balancing logic is as follows: the system communicates with the MCU, sends a balancing signal, and controls the switch device Q1 or the switch device Q2 through the MCU (Microcontroller Unit); when the switch device Q1 is normally open, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the switch device Q2 of battery B until the voltages of batteries A and B are equal; when the switch device Q2 is normally open, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the switch device Q1 of battery A until the voltages of batteries A and B are equal.

[0041] Pulse width modulation can significantly reduce system cost and power consumption by digitally controlling analog circuits. There is no need for digital-to-analog conversion, and keeping the signal in digital form can minimize the impact of noise.

[0042] Based on the above embodiment, the discharge current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous discharge current protection value of the rechargeable battery. The purpose of this setting is to prevent the discharge current from being too large, which may cause the rechargeable battery to fail or be scrapped; the charging current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous charging current protection value of the rechargeable battery. The purpose of this setting is to prevent the charging current from being too large, which may cause damage to the adapter or explosion of the rechargeable battery.

[0043] The present invention also provides a second embodiment, which provides a charge and discharge balancing system based on a rechargeable battery, which implements the steps of the charge and discharge balancing method based on a rechargeable battery when executed. Figure 3 As shown, the charge and discharge balancing system includes

[0044] Identification and judgment module: performs communication identification on the BMS of the currently connected rechargeable battery. If the identification result is compatible, the rechargeable battery information is obtained through the BMS of the rechargeable battery. If the identification result is incompatible, it is automatically disconnected and an alarm message is issued. The rechargeable battery information includes charging and discharging voltage and charging and discharging current;

[0045] The first charging module: when the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N=1, adjusts the charging and discharging power of the system according to the charging and discharging power of the rechargeable batteries and is ready for use;

[0046] The second charging module: when the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N>1, it is determined whether the voltages of the current N rechargeable batteries are consistent. If they are consistent, the charging and discharging power of the system is adjusted according to the sum of the charging and discharging power of the current N rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use; if there is any inconsistency, balancing is performed to make the charging and discharging voltages of the current N rechargeable batteries consistent, and then the charging and discharging power of the system is adjusted according to the sum of the charging and discharging power of the current N rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use.

[0047] On the basis of the above embodiment, a time T is set to determine whether it has not been used for more than the time T. When N=2, if so, balancing is performed to keep the charge and discharge voltages of the two current rechargeable batteries consistent, and then the charge and discharge power of the system is adjusted according to the sum of the charge and discharge power of the two current rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use; if not, the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC is automatically connected, and the charge and discharge power of the system is adjusted according to the charge and discharge power of the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC, and the system is ready for use.

[0048] Based on the above embodiment, the balancing circuit includes an MCU, a switch device Q1 and a switch device Q2. The MCU is connected in parallel with the switch device Q1 and the switch device Q2 respectively. The switch device Q1 and the switch device Q2 are connected in series.

[0049] Based on the above embodiment, the balancing logic is specifically as follows: the switch device Q1 or the switch device Q2 is controlled by the MCU; when the switch device Q1 is normally open, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the battery switch device Q2 until the charge and discharge voltages of the two rechargeable batteries are equal; when the switch device Q2 is normally open, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the battery switch device Q1 until the charge and discharge voltages of the two rechargeable batteries are equal.

[0050] Based on the above embodiment, the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation satisfies the following two conditions:

[0051] The discharge current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous discharge current protection value of the rechargeable battery;

[0052] The charging current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous charging current protection value of the rechargeable battery.

[0053] The above-mentioned charging and discharging balancing system based on rechargeable batteries can also be used in the following scenarios. When the voltage and SOC of two rechargeable batteries differ greatly, the system is first used for automatic balancing, and then the two batteries are installed on the vehicle to drive the vehicle, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle system and ensuring that the battery and vehicle performance are fully utilized.

[0054] According to a third aspect of the present embodiment, a computer storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned charge and discharge balancing method based on a rechargeable battery are implemented.

[0055] The processor may also be called a CPU (Central Processing Unit). A processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. A processor may be:

[0056] DSP (Digital Signal Processor, Digital Signal Processor, Digital Signal Processor is a processor composed of large-scale or ultra-large-scale integrated circuit chips used to complete certain signal processing tasks. It has gradually developed to meet the needs of high-speed real-time signal processing tasks. With the development of integrated circuit technology and digital signal processing algorithms, the implementation methods of digital signal processors are constantly changing, and the processing functions are constantly improving and expanding.)

[0057] ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) is an integrated circuit designed and manufactured to meet specific user requirements and the needs of specific electronic systems.

[0058] The FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is a further development of programmable devices such as PAL (Programmable Array Logic) and GAL (Generic Array Logic). It emerged as a semi-custom circuit within the field of application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), addressing both the shortcomings of custom circuits and the limited number of gates inherent in existing programmable devices.

[0059] A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0060] Other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices and discrete hardware components, etc.

[0061] The storage medium stores program instructions capable of implementing all of the above methods, wherein the program instructions can be stored in the above storage medium in the form of a software product, including a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other media that can store program code, or a terminal device such as a computer, server, mobile phone, or tablet.

[0062] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention. Its purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. It cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charge and discharge balancing method based on a rechargeable battery, characterized in that: The charge and discharge balancing method comprises the following steps: The system communicates and identifies the BMS of the currently connected rechargeable battery. If the identification result is compatible, the system obtains the rechargeable battery information through the BMS of the rechargeable battery. If the identification result is incompatible, the system automatically disconnects and issues an alarm message. The rechargeable battery information includes charge and discharge voltage and charge and discharge current; When the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N=1, the system's charging and discharging power is adjusted according to the charging and discharging power of the rechargeable batteries and is ready for use; When the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N>1, determine whether the voltages of the current N rechargeable batteries are consistent. If they are consistent, adjust the charging and discharging power of the system according to the sum of the current charging and discharging power of the N rechargeable batteries, and be ready for use; If there is any inconsistency, balance is performed to keep the charge and discharge voltages of the current N rechargeable batteries consistent. Then, the charge and discharge power of the system is adjusted according to the sum of the charge and discharge power of the current N rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use. The balancing circuit includes an MCU, a switching device Q1 and a switching device Q2, wherein the MCU is connected in parallel with the switching device Q1 and the switching device Q2 respectively, and the switching device Q1 and the switching device Q2 are connected in series; The specific balancing logic is as follows: the MCU controls the switch device Q1 or the switch device Q2; when the switch device Q1 is normally open, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the battery switch device Q2 until the voltages of the two rechargeable batteries are equal; when the switch device Q2 is normally open, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the battery switch device Q1 until the voltages of the two batteries are equal.

2. A charge and discharge balancing method based on a rechargeable battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: Set the time T and determine whether it has not been used for more than the time T. When N=2, if so, balance is performed to make the charge and discharge voltages of the two current rechargeable batteries consistent, and then adjust the charge and discharge power of the system according to the sum of the charge and discharge power of the two current rechargeable batteries, and be ready for use; if not, automatically connect the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC, adjust the charge and discharge power of the system according to the charge and discharge power of the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC, and be ready for use.

3. The charge and discharge balancing method based on a rechargeable battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The duty cycle of the pulse width modulation satisfies the following two conditions: The discharge current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous discharge current protection value of the rechargeable battery; The charging current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous charging current protection value of the rechargeable battery.

4. A charge and discharge balancing system based on a rechargeable battery, characterized in that: The charge and discharge balancing system includes Identification and judgment module: performs communication identification on the BMS of the currently connected rechargeable battery. If the identification result is compatible, the rechargeable battery information is obtained through the BMS of the rechargeable battery. If the identification result is incompatible, it is automatically disconnected and an alarm message is issued. The rechargeable battery information includes charging and discharging voltage and charging and discharging current; First charging module: When the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N=1, the system's charging and discharging power is adjusted according to the charging and discharging power of the rechargeable batteries and is ready for use; The second charging module: when the number of compatible rechargeable batteries N>1, determines whether the voltages of the current N rechargeable batteries are consistent. If they are consistent, adjusts the charging and discharging power of the system according to the sum of the current charging and discharging power of the N rechargeable batteries, and is ready for use; If there is any inconsistency, balance is performed to keep the charge and discharge voltages of the current N rechargeable batteries consistent. Then, the charge and discharge power of the system is adjusted according to the sum of the charge and discharge power of the current N rechargeable batteries, and the system is ready for use. The balancing circuit includes an MCU, a switching device Q1 and a switching device Q2, wherein the MCU is connected in parallel with the switching device Q1 and the switching device Q2 respectively, and the switching device Q1 and the switching device Q2 are connected in series; The specific balancing logic is as follows: the MCU controls the switch device Q1 or the switch device Q2; when the switch device Q1 is normally open, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the battery switch device Q2 until the charge and discharge voltages of the two rechargeable batteries are equal; when the switch device Q2 is normally open, the MCU uses pulse width modulation to continuously turn on and off the battery switch device Q1 until the charge and discharge voltages of the two rechargeable batteries are equal.

5. A charge and discharge balancing system based on a rechargeable battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: Set the time T and determine whether it has not been used for more than the time T. When N=2, if so, balance is performed to make the charge and discharge voltages of the two current rechargeable batteries consistent, and then adjust the charge and discharge power of the system according to the sum of the charge and discharge power of the two current rechargeable batteries, and be ready for use; if not, automatically connect the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC, adjust the charge and discharge power of the system according to the charge and discharge power of the rechargeable battery with a higher SOC, and be ready for use.

6. A charge and discharge balancing system based on a rechargeable battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The duty cycle of the pulse width modulation satisfies the following two conditions: The discharge current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous discharge current protection value of the rechargeable battery; The charging current of the rechargeable battery is less than the instantaneous charging current protection value of the rechargeable battery.

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