3D printing head mechanism and 3D printer

Abstract

The application discloses a 3D printing head changing mechanism and a 3D printer, and relates to the fields of mechanical equipment design and manufacturing. A plurality of printing head storage modules are arranged on a support, a printing head grabber is arranged on a printer moving mechanism, the printer moving mechanism drives the printing head grabber to move, a printing head is arranged on a printing head connecting piece, and the printing head is quickly called and returned through the printing head grabber, the printing head connecting piece and the printing head storage module. The printing head connecting piece, the printing head grabber and the printing head storage module are locked through a blocking pin and a through hole structure and are positioned through a glass bead device, the positioning is quick and accurate, and the problem of printing head expansion is well solved. A driving device is arranged on the printing head connecting piece, the clamping and releasing of the printing head connecting piece, the printing head grabber and the printing head storage module are quickly realized through rotation of the driving device, the structure is simple, the device is more stable, use is convenient, and the device has high precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment design and manufacturing, in particular to a 3D printing head mechanism and a 3D printer. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of science and technology, 3D printing technology is being used more and more widely. At present, the 3D printers on the domestic and foreign markets include single-printing-head printers and multi-printing-head printers. The printing heads of the multi-printing-head printers include two types, i.e., separate printing heads and integrated printing heads.

[0003] In the technical field of 3D printing heads, the integrated printing heads are mainly used. With the development of technology, the demand for 3D printing is becoming more and more diversified, and the development direction of 3D printers is also becoming more and more diversified, such as multi-color printing, multi-material printing, etc. Although the integrated printing heads can realize the expansion of the number of printing heads, with the expansion of the number of printing heads, the integrated printing heads become more and more bulky, the response speed is slow, the printing speed is affected, the rigidity requirement of the printer is also higher and higher, and for special printing methods such as space concave surface, the integrated printing heads are easy to interfere and difficult to meet the printing requirements.

[0004] The existing separate printing heads are difficult to realize the expansion of the printing heads due to their own structural reasons. For example, four printing heads can be installed on the double-X-axis double-Y-axis, four motors are needed to control, the corresponding printing heads are controlled through the cooperation between the motors, the structure is extremely complex, and the control is difficult. The Chinese patent with the publication number CN113878868B discloses a head changing device for 3D printing. The printing head is of a separate type, the printing head installation and positioning utilize a solenoid valve and a locking pin, the main working mode is the plug-in cooperation between the solenoid and the pin hole, and a guide mechanism composed of a long pin is needed inside the reset spring during the plug-in of the U-shaped locking pin. The structure has a low fault tolerance, and the relative position between the solenoid and the solenoid fixing plate needs to be adjusted constantly during debugging to ensure that the solenoid, the U-shaped locking pin, the long pin inside the reset spring, the guide hole, and the holes of the plug-in pins on both sides of the U-shaped locking pin and the printing head connecting piece can be smoothly matched. The main debugging process is to adjust the number of gaskets between the screw and the solenoid fixing plate to adjust the relative distance and angle between the solenoid and the solenoid fixing plate. The structure is relatively complex. In order to ensure the safety of the head changing, a certain time delay operation is needed in each step, which leads to a long solenoid attraction time and serious heating. SUMMARY

[0005] The application provides a 3D printing head mechanism and a 3D printer.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the application provide the following solutions.

[0007] In one aspect, the embodiments of the application provide a 3D printing head mechanism, which comprises a printer moving mechanism and a support, wherein a plurality of printing head storage modules are arranged on the support in a row, and a through hole two is arranged on the printing head storage module.

[0008] A printing head grabber is arranged on the printer moving mechanism, a through hole one is arranged on the printing head grabber, and the through hole one and the through hole two have an included angle.

[0009] A printing head is arranged on the printing head connecting piece, a blocking pin one and a blocking pin two are arranged on the printing head connecting piece, the blocking pin one and the blocking pin two are arranged on the two ends of the shaft for driving the rotation, when the blocking pin one is rotated and released through the through hole one, the blocking pin two is locked with the through hole two at the same time, and when the blocking pin two is rotated and released through the through hole two, the blocking pin one is locked with the through hole one at the same time.

[0010] The printing head grabber, the printing head connecting piece, the printing head connecting piece and the printing head storage module are matched through a glass bead device, the glass bead device comprises a glass bead with adjustable length and a pin assembly, a pin assembly is arranged on the printing head grabber, a glass bead is arranged on the front plate assembly of the printing head connecting piece, a pin assembly is arranged on the rear plate of the printing head connecting piece, and a glass bead is arranged on the printing head storage module.

[0011] Preferably, the pin assembly comprises a pin groove in the shape of H, pins are arranged in the two side grooves of the pin groove, and the glass bead is located between the two pins.

[0012] Preferably, four glass beads are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the center of the one end face of the shaft of the front plate assembly of the printing head connecting piece, a pin assembly matched with the glass bead is arranged on the printing head grabber, three pin assemblies are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the center of the other end face of the shaft of the rear plate of the printing head connecting piece, and a glass bead matched with the pin assembly is arranged on the printing head storage module.

[0013] Preferably, the glass bead comprises a length adjusting member with threads and a glass bead installed at the end of the length adjusting member, and the length adjusting member is installed on the printhead storage module and the printhead connector front plate assembly through threads.

[0014] Preferably, the shape of the through hole one and the through hole two are the same.

[0015] Preferably, the printhead connector comprises a front plate assembly and a rear plate, an axle is arranged between the front plate assembly and the rear plate, a blocking pin one is arranged on the outer side of the front plate assembly and an axle, and a blocking pin two is arranged on the outer side of the rear plate; a glass bead matched with the printhead grabber is arranged on the front plate assembly, and a pin assembly matched with the printhead storage module is arranged on the rear plate.

[0016] Preferably, a driving device is installed on the front plate assembly module, and the driving device drives the axle to rotate.

[0017] Preferably, a blocking pin adjusting glass bead is arranged on one side of the blocking pin one close to the axle end, and a blocking pin adjusting glass bead is arranged on one side of the blocking pin two close to the axle end.

[0018] Preferably, the driving device drives the axle to rotate through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism comprises a rudder disc installed on the output shaft of the driving device and an axle disc installed on the axle, and the rudder disc and the axle disc are rotationally connected through a connecting piece.

[0019] In one aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a 3D printer, comprising the 3D printing head changing mechanism.

[0020] The above scheme of the present application at least has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In the above scheme, the 3D printing head changing device and the 3D printer break through the limitation of the number of printing heads of the 3D printer, realize the calling or returning of the split type printing head through the rotation locking of the axle, realize the locking through the pin and the through hole structure, and realize the positioning through the glass bead device. The positioning is fast and accurate, and the problem of printing head expansion is well solved. The rotation stability of the driving device is used to realize the accurate positioning of the position clamping, the structure is simple, the use is convenient, the precision is high, and it is of great significance to improve the flexibility of the printer. The head changing device is mainly realized by rotation locking. When the blocking pin passes through the through hole, the reserved gap is sufficient, and there is a higher fault tolerance in the distance and angle of the combined surface, which is convenient for debugging. From the perspective of fewer matching surfaces, the structure is simple, and the rudder as a driver can avoid the heating problem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the 3D printing head mechanism of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the printing head connecting piece of the 3D printing head mechanism of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the printing head connecting piece of the 3D printing head mechanism of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 4 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the printing head storage module of the 3D printing head mechanism of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 5 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the printing head storage module of the 3D printing head mechanism of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 6 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the printing head gripper of the 3D printing head mechanism of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 7 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the printing head gripper of the 3D printing head mechanism of the present application Figure 2 .

[0029] Reference signs:

[0030] 1, printer moving mechanism; 2, printing head gripper; 3, printing head connecting piece; 4, printing head; 5, printing head storage module; 6, bracket; 7, screw hole; 81, through hole one; 82, through hole two; 9, glass bead; 10, front plate assembly; 11, shaft sleeve; 12, shaft; 13, shaft disc; 14, rear plate; 15, pin; 16, blocking pin adjusting glass bead; 17, bolt; 18, jackscrew; 19, pin groove; 191, edge groove; 201, blocking pin one; 202, blocking pin two; 21, connecting pin; 22, connecting piece; 23, steering wheel disc; 24, driving device; 25, adjusting through hole.

[0031] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it is understood that the present disclosure can be embodied in various forms without being limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be thoroughly understood and fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. Embodiment one

[0033] As Figures 1-7 ​As shown, the embodiment provides a 3D printing head mechanism, which comprises a printer moving mechanism 1 capable of moving a printing head 4, a support 6, a plurality of printing head storage modules 5 installed on the support 6 in parallel, a printing head grabber 2 installed on the printer moving mechanism 1, the printer moving mechanism 1 driving the printing head grabber 2 to move, a printing head connecting piece 3 on which the printing head 4 is installed, and the printing head 4 being quickly called and returned through the printing head grabber 2, the printing head connecting piece 3 and the printing head storage module 5.

[0034] The 3D printing head mechanism of the embodiment, the printing head grabber 2, the printing head connecting piece 3 and the printing head storage module 5 are locked through the pin 15 and the through hole structure and positioned through the glass bead device. Specifically, the printing head connecting piece 3 is respectively provided with a blocking pin one 201 and a blocking pin two 202, the blocking pin one 201 and the blocking pin two 202 are installed on the shaft 12 driving the rotation thereof, the printing head storage module 5 is provided with a through hole two 82, the printing head grabber 2 is provided with a through hole one 81, and the length direction between the through hole one 81 and the length direction of the through hole two 82 has an included angle, the included angle is preferably 90 degrees, the through hole one 81 and the through hole two 82 have the same shape, both are waist-shaped through holes, and the center position of the straight edge of the waist-shaped through hole has a circular arc shape. When the blocking pin one 201 is rotated and locked through the through hole one 81, the synchronous blocking pin two 202 is just released from the through hole two 82; when the blocking pin two 202 is rotated and locked through the through hole two 82, the synchronous blocking pin one 201 is just released from the through hole one 81. The printing head grabber 2 is installed on the printer moving mechanism 1, the printing head grabber 2 cooperates with the printing head connecting piece 3 through the glass bead device, the printing head connecting piece 3 cooperates with the printing head storage module 5 through the glass bead device, and the positioning is fast and accurate. The glass bead device ensures that each printing head connecting piece 3 can independently adjust the cooperation gap with the printing head grabber 2, and also ensures that each printing head storage module 5 can independently adjust the cooperation gap with the printing head connecting piece 3.

[0035] The printing head grabber 2 is connected with the moving mechanism of the printer through a bolt, the printing head connecting piece 3 is connected with the printing head 4 through a bolt, and the printing head storage module 5 is arranged on the support 6 through a screw hole 7 and a bolt. The number of the printing head storage modules 5 is determined by the number of the printing heads 4 required by the printer, and the size of the support 6 changes with the number of the printing head storage modules 5 installed.

[0036] The printhead 4 is installed on the printhead connector 3, the printhead connector 3 comprises the front plate assembly 10 and the rear plate 14, the bolt hole of the lower transverse plate of the front plate assembly 10 is connected with the printhead 4. The shaft 12 is arranged between the front plate assembly 10 and the rear plate 14, the stop pin one 201 is arranged on the outer side of the front plate assembly 10 on the shaft 12, the stop pin two 202 is arranged on the outer side of the rear plate 14; the printhead grabber 2 is matched with the printhead connector 3 through the glass bead device, the glass bead device comprises the glass bead 9 with adjustable length and the pin assembly; the pin assembly is installed on the printhead grabber 2, the glass bead 9 is installed on the front plate assembly 10 of the printhead connector 3, and the pin assembly is matched with the glass bead 9. The pin assembly comprises the H-shaped pin groove 19, the two pins 15 are installed in the two side grooves 191 of the pin groove 19, the glass bead 9 is located between the two pins 15, the two pins 15 are positioned by using the section of the H-shaped pin groove 19, the uniform and accurate gap between the two pins 15 is ensured, the same adjustment condition is ensured when the plurality of pin assemblies are positioned with the corresponding glass bead 9, and the adjustment is facilitated. The glass bead 9 is located between the two pins 15, a concave-convex structure is formed, positioning is realized, and mainly the movement dislocation on the matched surface is limited.

[0037] The stop pin 20 is fixed on the end face of the shaft 12 through the bolt 17, the stop pin adjusting glass bead 16 is arranged on one side of the stop pin one 201 close to the end of the shaft 12, the stop pin adjusting glass bead 16 is arranged on one side of the stop pin two 202 close to the end of the shaft 12, and the stop pin adjusting glass bead 16 plays a guiding, wear-reducing and adjusting role when rotating.

[0038] The pin assembly is installed on the rear plate 14 of the print head connector 3, and the ball 9 is installed on the print head storage module 5. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the ball 9 on the front plate assembly 10, the adjustment through hole 25 for adjusting the ball 9 is arranged on the rear plate 14. The plurality of balls 9 on the front plate assembly 10 are evenly distributed around the axis of the shaft 12. The pin assembly matched with the ball 9 is arranged on the print head grabber 2, that is, when the ball 9 is preferably four, the pin assembly arranged on the print head grabber 2 is also four, and each ball 9 corresponds to a pin assembly. Specifically, the four circumferentially distributed H-shaped pin grooves 19 are arranged on the print head grabber 2, and the pins 15 are installed in the two side grooves 191 of the pin grooves 19. A plurality of pin assemblies are arranged on the rear plate 14, and the plurality of pin assemblies are evenly distributed around the axis of the shaft 12. The ball 9 matched with the pin assembly is arranged on the print head storage module 5, that is, when the pin assembly is preferably three, the ball 9 arranged on the print head storage module 5 is also three, and each ball 9 corresponds to a pin assembly. Specifically, the three circumferentially distributed H-shaped pin grooves 19 are arranged on the rear plate 14, and the pins 15 are installed in the two side grooves 191 of the pin grooves 19. When the front plate assembly 10 is matched with the print head grabber 2, there is one more set of ball device positioning than when the rear plate 14 is matched with the print head storage module 5, which ensures that the print head connector 3 is stable when cooperating with the print head grabber 2 during printing, and one more set of balls 9 is auxiliary positioning. Further, the ball 9 includes a length adjusting member with threads and a ball 9 installed at the end of the length adjusting member. The length adjusting member is installed on the print head storage module 5 and the front plate assembly 10 of the print head connector 3 through threads.

[0039] The driving device 24 is installed on the front plate assembly 10 module 10, and the driving device 24 drives the rotation of the transmission mechanism driving shaft 12, the transmission mechanism includes a rudder disc 23 installed on the output shaft of the driving device 24 and a shaft disc 13 installed on the shaft 12, the shaft disc 13 is connected with the shaft 12 through the top wire 18, the rudder disc 23 is connected with the shaft disc 13 through the connecting piece 22, the connecting piece 22 is connected with the shaft disc 13 and the rudder disc 23 through the connecting pin 21 respectively; specifically, the connecting pin 21 is inserted into the pin hole of the connecting piece 22 and the rudder disc 23, so that the connecting piece 22 and the rudder disc 23 are in rotary connection; similarly, the connecting pin 21 is inserted into the pin hole of the connecting piece 22 and the shaft disc 13, so that the connecting piece 22 and the shaft disc 13 are in rotary connection; the top wire 18 is installed in the top wire hole on the shaft disc 13 and abuts against the shaft 12, so that the shaft disc 13 is fixedly connected with the shaft 12, and when the shaft disc 13 rotates, the shaft 12 will be driven to rotate. The driving device 24 can use a motor, a rudder, etc. The transmission mechanism can adopt gear transmission, connecting rod transmission, synchronous belt transmission, etc.; if the structure of the print head 4 is determined, the transmission mechanism can also be cancelled under the condition of ensuring that it does not interfere with each component, and a double-shaft 12 motor or a double-shaft 12 rudder is used to drive the rotation of the end stop pin, and the structure has strong expandability; the shaft 12 is a stepped shaft, which is matched with the front plate assembly 10 and the rear plate 14 through the shaft sleeve 11, and is driven to rotate by the driving device 24 to rotate by 90° to drive the rotation of the end stop pins 201 and 202;

[0040] The working process of the 3D printing head changing mechanism of the application is as follows:

[0041] Each print head storage module 5 is numbered, and the corresponding coordinate position is stored in the control system. The print head grabber 2 is moved by the moving part of the printer, the print head 4 in the print head grabber 2 is returned to the corresponding print head storage module 5, and then other print heads 4 needed are called.

[0042] The print head 4 is called: the stop pin one 201 and the stop pin two 202 are in a horizontal state, the print head connecting piece 3 is in a locked state with the print head storage module 5; the print head grabber 2 is parked in front of the target print head storage module 5, the print head grabber 2 moves so that the through hole one 81 passes through the stop pin one 201, the driving device 24 issues a reverse rotation 90° instruction, and the shaft 12 is controlled to rotate through the transmission mechanism, that is, the stop pin one 201 and the stop pin two 202 are reversely rotated by 90°, and the stop pin one 201 and the stop pin two 202 are in a vertical state, at this time, the stop pin one 201 is locked with the through hole one 81, the print head connecting piece 3 is in a locked state with the print head grabber 2, the stop pin two 202 can move in the through hole two 82, the print head connecting piece 3 is in a released state with the print head storage module 5, the moving mechanism of the printer carries the print head grabber 2 with the target print head 4 away, and the calling operation is completed. The print head grabber 2 and the print head connecting piece 3 front plate assembly 10 are positioned by the glass bead 9 and the pin assembly.

[0043] Returning the print head 4: the print head 4 is installed on the print head grabber 2 module through the print head connecting piece 3, the blocking pin one 201 and the blocking pin two 202 are in the vertical state, the printer moving mechanism 1 drives the print head grabber 2 to move to the front of the print head storage module 5 that needs to return the print head, the print head connecting piece 3 blocking pin two 202 passes through the vertical through hole two 82 on the print head storage module 5, and then the driving device 24 issues a 90° rotation instruction, and the shaft 12 is controlled to rotate through the transmission mechanism, that is, the blocking pin one 201 and the blocking pin two 202 rotate 90°, the blocking pin one 201 and the blocking pin two 202 are in the horizontal state, the print head grabber 2 is released from the print head connecting piece 3, the print head storage module 5 is locked with the print head connecting piece 3, the moving mechanism of the printer carries the print head grabber 2 away, the print head connecting piece 3 and the corresponding print head 4 are returned to the corresponding print head storage module 5, and the returning operation is completed. The print head storage module 5 and the rear plate 14 of the print head connecting piece 3 are positioned by cooperating with the glass bead 9 and the pin assembly. Embodiment two

[0044] The embodiment provides a 3D printer, which comprises the 3D print head changing mechanism in embodiment one.

[0045] The 3D print head changing device and the 3D printer break through the limitation of the number expansion of the print head 4 of the 3D printer, realize the calling or returning of the print head 4 in a columnar mode through the rotation locking of the shaft 12, well solve the expansion problem of the print head 4, realize the accurate positioning of the position clamping by using the rotation stability of the driving device 24, have simple structure, are convenient to use, have high precision, and have important significance for improving the flexibility of the printer; the print head changing device of the 3D print head changing device and the 3D printer is mainly realized by rotation locking, the gap reserved when the blocking pin passes through the through hole is sufficient, and there is a higher fault tolerance in the distance and angle of the joint surface, so that the debugging is convenient. From the perspective of fewer cooperating surfaces, the structure is simple; and the steering engine is used as the driver, so that the heating problem can be avoided.

[0046] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, which should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A 3D printing head mechanism comprising a printer moving mechanism that can realize movement of a printing head and a support, characterized by, A plurality of printhead storage modules are arranged on the bracket, and a through hole two is arranged on the printhead storage module; A printhead grabber is arranged on the printer moving mechanism, a through hole one is arranged on the printhead grabber, and the length direction of the through hole one and the length direction of the through hole two have an included angle; A printhead is arranged on the printhead connecting piece, a stop pin one and a stop pin two are arranged on the printhead connecting piece, the stop pin one and the stop pin two are arranged on the two ends of the shaft for driving the rotation, when the stop pin one is rotated and locked through the through hole one, the stop pin two is released from the through hole two at the same time; when the stop pin two is rotated and locked through the through hole two, the stop pin one is released from the through hole one at the same time; The printhead grabber, the printhead connecting piece, the printhead connecting piece and the printhead storage module are matched by a glass bead device, the glass bead device includes a glass bead with adjustable length and a pin assembly; a pin assembly is arranged on the printhead grabber, a glass bead is arranged on the front plate assembly of the printhead connecting piece; a pin assembly is arranged on the rear plate of the printhead connecting piece, and a glass bead is arranged on the printhead storage module.

2. The 3D printing head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The printhead connecting piece includes a front plate assembly and a rear plate, a shaft is arranged between the front plate assembly and the rear plate, a stop pin one is arranged on the outer side of the front plate assembly and a stop pin two is arranged on the outer side of the rear plate; a glass bead matched with the printhead grabber is arranged on the front plate assembly, and a pin assembly matched with the printhead storage module is arranged on the rear plate.

3. The 3D printing head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that Four glass beads are arranged on the front plate assembly of the printhead connecting piece around the center of the shaft, a pin assembly matched with the glass bead is arranged on the printhead grabber; three pin assemblies are arranged on the rear plate of the printhead connecting piece around the center of the shaft, and a glass bead matched with the pin assembly is arranged on the printhead storage module.

4. The 3D printing head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin assembly includes a pin groove in H shape, and a pin is arranged in the two side grooves of the pin groove, and the glass bead is located between the two pins.

5. The 3D printing head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The glass bead includes a length adjusting piece with threads and a glass bead arranged at the end of the length adjusting piece, and the length adjusting piece is arranged on the printhead storage module and the printhead connecting piece through threads.

6. The 3D printing head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that The through hole one and the through hole two are the same in shape.

7. The 3D printing head mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that A driving device is arranged on the front plate assembly module, and the driving device drives the shaft to rotate.

8. The 3D printing head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that A stop pin adjusting glass bead is arranged on one side of the stop pin one close to the shaft end; a stop pin adjusting glass bead is arranged on one side of the stop pin two close to the shaft end.

9. The 3D printing head mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that The driving device drives the shaft to rotate through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism includes a rudder disc arranged on the output shaft of the driving device and a shaft disc arranged on the shaft, and the rudder disc and the shaft disc are rotationally connected through a connecting piece.

10. A 3D printer comprising the 3D printing head mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The 3D printing head changing mechanism is arranged on a 3D printer.

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