Breaker hammer and unmanned breaker truck

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of crushing technology and aims to solve the problem of low crushing efficiency in existing hydraulic breakers. The hydraulic breaker includes a main body, a piston assembly, and a chisel assembly. The chisel assembly comprises a chisel guide and a main chisel. The chisel guide is fixed to the main body, and auxiliary chisels are arranged on both sides or around the main chisel. Both the main and auxiliary chisels are slidably connected to the chisel guide. The piston assembly includes a piston guide, a main piston, and an auxiliary piston. The piston guide is fixed inside the main body, and both the main and auxiliary pistons are slidably connected to the piston guide. The main piston is located on the extension line of the main chisel, and the auxiliary piston is located on the extension line of the auxiliary chisel. This invention can achieve multi-point crushing in a single crushing process, resulting in better crushing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crushing technology, specifically a hydraulic breaker and an unmanned crushing vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] A hydraulic breaker is used for breaking rocks and roads. It uses a hydraulic system and a nitrogen chamber to drive the piston rod to strike the chisel quickly and continuously, thereby achieving the breaking. In the existing technology, the hydraulic breaker is equipped with a chisel. The hydraulic breaker is installed on the excavator boom. The excavator is manually operated to position the hydraulic breaker and then the breaking operation is carried out. After each point is broken, the boom is manually operated to place the hydraulic breaker to another point for breaking again. The above operation method has the following defects: (1) Breaking is carried out one point at a time, which results in low work efficiency and easy worker fatigue; (2) The breaking area of ​​one breaking action is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic breaker and an unmanned crushing vehicle to solve the problem of low crushing efficiency of existing hydraulic breakers.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a hydraulic breaker, comprising a hydraulic breaker body, a piston assembly, and a chisel assembly, characterized in that the chisel assembly includes a chisel guide and a main chisel, the chisel guide being located within the hydraulic breaker body, and auxiliary chisels being arranged on both sides or around the main chisel, the main chisel and the auxiliary chisels being slidably connected to the chisel guide; the piston assembly includes a piston guide, a main piston, and an auxiliary piston, the piston guide being located within the hydraulic breaker body, the main piston and the auxiliary piston being slidably connected to the piston guide, the main piston being located on the extension line of the main chisel, and the auxiliary piston being located on the extension line of the auxiliary chisel.

[0005] Furthermore, the drill rod guide is a circular structure, the main drill rod is located at the center of the drill rod guide, and the auxiliary drill rods are located around the main drill rod and are evenly arranged on the same circumference.

[0006] Furthermore, the drill rod guide is a cuboid structure, and there are multiple auxiliary drill rods that are equally spaced on the drill rod guide, with a main drill rod between each pair of adjacent auxiliary drill rods.

[0007] Furthermore, when the main body of the hydraulic breaker is in a vertical position, the top of the main chisel is higher than the top of the auxiliary chisel, and the bottom of the main chisel is lower than the bottom of the auxiliary chisel.

[0008] Furthermore, the diameter of the main drill rod is larger than the diameter of the auxiliary drill rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the piston guide has the same shape as the drill rod guide.

[0010] The present invention also provides an unmanned crushing vehicle, including a crushing vehicle body, a breaker hammer, and an installation assembly. The crushing vehicle body has a walking system, a control system, and a hydraulic system. The installation assembly includes a guide rail and a lifting cylinder. The guide rail is vertically arranged on the rear side of the crushing vehicle body. The breaker hammer is slidably connected to the guide rail. The cylinder of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the guide rail, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the breaker hammer.

[0011] Furthermore, the main body of the breaker has a sliding arm on its side wall, a slider on the sliding arm, and a groove on the guide rail, the groove being slidably connected to the slider.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a dust collection assembly, which includes a suction fan, a dust cover, and a conveying pipe. The suction fan is located inside the main body of the crusher. The lower parts of the main chisel and the auxiliary chisel are both located inside the dust cover. The dust cover is a telescopic structure. The upper part of the dust cover is fixed to the bottom of the crusher body, and the lower part of the dust cover is fixedly connected to the main chisel. One end of the conveying pipe is connected to the suction fan, and the other end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the lower part of the dust cover and communicates with the inner cavity of the dust cover.

[0013] Furthermore, the dust cover includes a fixed ring, a movable ring, and a telescopic cylinder. The lower end of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable ring, and the upper end of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed ring. The fixed ring is fixed to the bottom of the breaker body, and the movable ring is fixedly connected to the main chisel rod through a fixing frame.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By using a main chisel and a secondary chisel, the main chisel first performs a powerful crushing operation on the crushing point, while the area surrounding the crushing point experiences relatively less damage. Subsequently, the secondary chisel crushes the area around the crushing point, thus achieving multi-point damage in a single crushing operation. The crushing of the secondary chisel is based on the crushing of the area around the crushing point by the main chisel; at this point, the secondary chisel can achieve crushing of the area around the crushing point with a relatively smaller crushing force than the main chisel. The crushing vehicle of this invention has an unmanned self-propelled function. During slow, uniform movement, the breaker hammer continuously performs crushing operations, thereby achieving strip crushing and resulting in high crushing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front view of the hydraulic breaker according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 A 3D view of the drill bit assembly;

[0017] Figure 3 This is the front view of the drill bit assembly;

[0018] Figure 4 This is the front view of the piston assembly;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the piston assembly acting on the drill rod assembly.

[0020] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the entire drill rod assembly extending into the broken material;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the simultaneous action of the main piston and the auxiliary piston;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the hydraulic breaker according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 This is a front view of the hydraulic breaker according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 10 This is a left view of the crushing vehicle of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Right view of the hydraulic breaker;

[0026] Figure 12 for Figure 11 View A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 13 This is a top view of the guide rail;

[0028] Figure 14 A top view assembly drawing of the guide rail, lifting cylinder, and sliding arm;

[0029] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the crusher truck of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 16 This is a rear view assembly diagram of the hydraulic breaker in Embodiment 2 on the breaker truck;

[0031] Figure 17 A schematic diagram showing the installation of a dust collection component on a crushing vehicle;

[0032] Figure 18 The main assembly view of the main drill rod and dust cover;

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Hydraulic breaker body, 11. Sliding arm, 12. Sliding arm ear plate, 13. Sliding block, 2. Piston assembly, 21. Piston guide, 22. Main piston, 23. Secondary piston, 3. Chisel assembly, 31. Chisel guide, 32. Main chisel, 33. Secondary chisel, 4. Crushed material, 5. Crusher vehicle body, 51. Traveling wheel, 52. Guide rail, 521. Slide groove, 522. Long slot, 53. Cylinder ear plate, 54. Lifting cylinder, 6. Dust collection assembly, 61. Moving ring, 62. Fixed ring, 63. Telescopic cylinder, 64. Connecting rod, 65. Side pipe, 66. Conveying pipe, 67. Snap ring, 68. Fixed rod. Detailed Implementation

[0034] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the hydraulic breaker of the present invention includes a hydraulic breaker body 1, a piston assembly 2, and a chisel assembly 3, as follows: Figures 10 to 18 As shown, the crusher truck of the present invention includes a crusher truck body 5, a crusher hammer, an installation assembly and a dust collection assembly 6. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the hydraulic breaker includes a main body 1, a piston assembly 2, and a chisel assembly 3, as follows: Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the chisel assembly 3 includes a chisel guide 31 and a main chisel 32. The chisel guide 31 is fixed to the main body 1 of the hydraulic breaker. Secondary chisels 33 are arranged on both sides or around the main chisel 32. Both the main chisel 32 and the secondary chisels 33 are slidably connected to the chisel guide 31. Figure 4 As shown, the piston assembly includes a piston guide 21, a main piston 22, and a secondary piston 23. The piston guide 21 is fixed inside the breaker body 1. Both the main piston 22 and the secondary piston 23 are mounted on the piston guide 21. The main piston 22 is located on the extension line of the main chisel 32, and the secondary piston 23 is located on the extension line of the secondary chisel 33. When the breaker body 1 is in a vertical position, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the top of the main drill rod 32 is higher than the top of the auxiliary drill rod 33, and there is a height difference h between the tops of the main drill rod 32 and the auxiliary drill rod 33. This causes the main drill rod 32 to perform the crushing operation first, followed by the auxiliary drill rod 33, when the piston assembly 2 acts on the main drill rod 32 and the auxiliary drill rod 33. Furthermore, the bottom of the main drill rod 32 is lower than the bottom of the auxiliary drill rod 33.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, when crushing the material 4 (such as stone or road surface), the hydraulic oil first drives the main piston 22 to move rapidly downwards. After the bottom of the main piston 22 contacts the top of the main chisel 32, it strikes the main chisel 32, at which point the main chisel 32 performs the crushing operation. After the main chisel 32 has performed the crushing operation for a period of time, as... Figure 6 As shown, the hydraulic oil drives the auxiliary piston 23 to move downwards. At this point, the bottom of the auxiliary piston 23 contacts the top of the auxiliary chisel 33, striking it. The auxiliary chisel 33 continues to break at the same rate as the main chisel 32. When the auxiliary chisel 33 reaches its maximum position, the main chisel 32 also reaches its maximum position. The main piston 22 and piston guide 21, as well as the auxiliary piston 23 and piston guide 21, can be either fixedly connected or slidably connected. Figure 7As shown, when the main piston 22, the auxiliary piston 23, and the piston guide 21 are all fixedly connected, the main piston 22 and the auxiliary piston 23 move synchronously. The bottoms of the main piston 22 and the auxiliary piston 23 are flush. In this case, the main piston 22 first contacts and strikes the main chisel 32, moving downwards until the auxiliary piston 23 contacts the auxiliary chisel 33. Then, the auxiliary piston 23 strikes the auxiliary chisel 33 and moves downwards. In this case, only one hydraulic structure is needed. When the main piston 22, the auxiliary piston 23, and the piston guide 21 are all slidably connected, two hydraulic mechanisms drive the main piston 22 and the auxiliary piston 23. One set drives the main piston 22, and the other set drives the auxiliary piston 23.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in Embodiment 1, the auxiliary drill rod 33 is arranged around the main drill rod 32. The drill rod guide 31 has a circular structure, with the main drill rod 32 located at the center of the drill rod guide 31, and the auxiliary drill rods 33 located around the main drill rod 32 and evenly distributed on the same circumference. When the main drill rod 32 performs a powerful impact crushing operation, the area around the crushing point is also crushed, but the degree of damage is relatively lower than that of the crushing point. Subsequently, the auxiliary drill rods 33, arranged in a circle, perform secondary crushing around the crushing point, thereby improving the crushing operation efficiency.

[0038] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, in Embodiment 2, the auxiliary drill rods 33 are arranged on both sides of the main drill rod 32. The drill rod guide 31 can also be a cuboid structure. Multiple auxiliary drill rods 33 are arranged at equal intervals on the drill rod guide 31, with a main drill rod 32 between each pair of adjacent auxiliary drill rods 33. Thus, having an auxiliary drill rod 33 on each side of the main drill rod 32 can improve the crushing effect during a single crushing operation. The diameter of the main drill rod 32 is larger than the diameter of the auxiliary drill rods 33 to distinguish between primary and secondary drill rods and to perform different degrees of crushing.

[0039] The piston guide 21 has the same shape as the drill rod guide 31 to meet the installation requirements of the main piston 22 and the auxiliary piston 23, ensuring that the main piston 22 corresponds to the main drill rod 32 and the auxiliary piston 23 corresponds to the auxiliary drill rod 33.

[0040] This invention also provides an unmanned crushing vehicle, such as... Figures 10 to 18 As shown, the unmanned crushing vehicle includes a crushing vehicle body 5, a breaker hammer, and an installation assembly. The crushing vehicle body 5 has a walking system, a control system, and a hydraulic system. The walking system includes a diesel engine, walking wheels 51, a transmission, and a steering module. The installation assembly includes a guide rail 52 and a lifting cylinder 54. The guide rail 52 is vertically arranged on the rear side of the crushing vehicle body 5. The breaker hammer is slidably connected to the guide rail 52. The cylinder of the lifting cylinder 54 is fixedly connected to the guide rail 52, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 54 is fixedly connected to the breaker hammer.

[0041] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, the main body 1 of the hydraulic breaker has a U-shaped sliding arm 11 on its side wall, and sliders 13 at both ends of the sliding arm 11. The sliders 13 are arranged in a T-shape with the ends of the sliding arm 11, as shown. Figure 13 As shown, the guide rail 52 has a groove 521, which is slidably connected to the slider 13, thereby realizing the vertical sliding connection between the slider arm 11 and the guide rail 52, as well as the limiting position in the horizontal plane. The inner wall of the slider arm 11 has a slider arm lug 12, and the guide rail 52 also has an elongated hole 522 to avoid the slider arm lug 12, such as... Figure 14 As shown, the sliding arm lug 12 extends out of the guide rail after passing through the elongated hole 522, so as to be fixedly connected to the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 54. The side wall of the guide rail 52 has a cylinder lug 53, and the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder 54 is fixedly connected to the cylinder lug 53.

[0042] like Figure 15 As shown, while the unmanned crushing vehicle moves slowly, the breaker hammer operates to break up the road surface, creating a strip-shaped crushed zone to ensure crushing efficiency. Figure 16 As shown, when the main chisel 32 and the auxiliary chisel 33 on the hydraulic breaker are on the same straight line, the width of the crushing band formed after crushing the material 4 is larger.

[0043] like Figure 17 As shown, it also includes a dust collection assembly 6, which includes a suction fan, a dust cover, and a conveying pipe 66. The suction fan is located inside the main body 5 of the crusher. The lower parts of the main chisel 32 and the auxiliary chisel 33 are both located inside the dust cover. The dust cover is a telescopic structure. The upper part of the dust cover is fixed to the bottom of the crusher body 1, and the lower part of the dust cover is fixedly connected to the main chisel 32. One end of the conveying pipe 66 is connected to the suction fan, and the other end of the conveying pipe 33 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the dust cover and communicates with the inner cavity of the dust cover. Figure 17 , Figure 18As shown, the dust cover includes a fixed ring 62, a movable ring 61, and a telescopic cylinder 63. The telescopic cylinder 63 has a telescopic structure, such as a bellows. The lower end of the telescopic cylinder 63 is fixedly connected to the movable ring 61, and the upper end of the telescopic cylinder 63 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 62. The fixed ring 62 is fixed to the bottom of the breaker body 1. The movable ring 61 is fixedly connected to the main chisel rod 32 through a fixing frame. The fixing frame includes a retaining ring 67 fixed to the main chisel rod 32, a connecting rod 64 fixed to the side wall of the movable ring 61, and a fixing rod 68 disposed between the retaining ring 67 and the connecting rod 64. When the main chisel rod 32 moves up and down, it drives the movable ring 61 to move up and down through the fixing frame. The connecting rod 64 is an elastic element. When the movable ring 61 contacts the road surface, as the main chisel rod 32 continues to move down, the telescopic cylinder 63 begins to compress. At this time, the connecting rod 64 bends and deforms, and the connecting rod 64 bends outward. After bending, the two connecting rods form a "()" shape. The connecting rod 64 can also be spiral-shaped to accommodate the expansion and contraction of the movable ring 61 when it stops moving downwards. The movable ring 61 has a side tube 65 on its side wall, through which it connects to the conveying pipe 66. When the movable ring 61 of the dust cover contacts the road surface, it prevents dust from flying during road surface breaking and also reduces noise pollution. When the main chisel 32 is lifted, the movable ring 61 separates from the road surface to prevent road debris from affecting the movement of the dust cover. Simultaneously with breaking, a suction fan operates, sucking up dust from inside the dust cover through the conveying pipe 66.

[0044] This invention utilizes a main and auxiliary drill rod configuration. The main drill rod first performs a powerful crushing operation at the crushing point, while the surrounding area experiences relatively less damage. Subsequently, the auxiliary drill rod further crushes the area around the crushing point, achieving multi-point damage in a single crushing operation. The auxiliary drill rod's crushing action builds upon the main drill rod's work on the area around the crushing point, allowing it to crush the surrounding area with a relatively smaller crushing force compared to the main drill rod. The crushing vehicle of this invention features unmanned self-propelled operation. During slow, uniform movement, the breaker hammer continuously performs crushing operations, achieving strip crushing and resulting in high crushing efficiency.

Claims

1. An unmanned crushing vehicle, comprising a breaker hammer, a crushing vehicle body, and mounting components, wherein the breaker hammer includes a breaker hammer body, a piston assembly, and a chisel assembly, the chisel assembly including a chisel guide and a main chisel, the chisel guide being located within the breaker hammer body, and auxiliary chisels being arranged on both sides or around the main chisel, the main chisel and auxiliary chisels being slidably connected to the chisel guide; the piston assembly includes a piston guide, a main piston, and an auxiliary piston, the piston guide being located within the breaker hammer body, the main piston and auxiliary piston being slidably connected to the piston guide, the main piston being located on the extension line of the main chisel, and the auxiliary piston being located on the extension line of the auxiliary chisel; when the breaker hammer body is in a vertical state, the top of the main chisel is higher than the top of the auxiliary chisel, and the bottom of the main chisel is lower than the bottom of the auxiliary chisel; the diameter of the main chisel is larger than the diameter of the auxiliary chisel; the crushing vehicle body has a walking system, a control system, and a hydraulic system, characterized in that... The installation assembly includes a guide rail and a lifting cylinder. The guide rail is vertically positioned at the rear of the crusher body. The breaker hammer is slidably connected to the guide rail. The cylinder of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the guide rail, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the breaker hammer. The side wall of the breaker hammer body has a sliding arm with a slider. The guide rail has a sliding groove, and the sliding groove is slidably connected to the slider. The assembly also includes a dust collection component, which includes a vacuum fan, a dust cover, and a conveying pipe. The vacuum fan is located inside the crusher body, and the lower parts of the main and auxiliary chisels are located within the... Inside the dust cover, the dust cover is a telescopic structure. The upper part of the dust cover is fixed to the bottom of the breaker body, and the lower part of the dust cover is fixedly connected to the main chisel. One end of the conveying pipe is connected to the suction fan, and the other end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the lower part of the dust cover and communicates with the inner cavity of the dust cover. The dust cover includes a fixed ring, a movable ring, and a telescopic cylinder. The lower end of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the movable ring, and the upper end of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed ring. The fixed ring is fixed to the bottom of the breaker body, and the movable ring is fixedly connected to the main chisel through a fixing frame.

2. The unmanned crushing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill rod guide is a circular structure, with the main drill rod located at the center of the drill rod guide and the auxiliary drill rods located around the main drill rod and evenly arranged on the same circumference.

3. The unmanned crushing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill rod guide is a cuboid structure. There are multiple auxiliary drill rods, which are evenly spaced on the drill rod guide. There is a main drill rod between every two adjacent auxiliary drill rods.

4. The unmanned crushing vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston guide has the same shape as the drill rod guide.

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