An oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission, electric system and power generation system

Abstract

The present invention relates to an oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission, an electric system and a power generation system. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission is lubricated by solid lubricating materials and comprises: a housing, the housing is provided with a mounting frame; two or more permanent magnet speed change mechanisms, each permanent magnet speed change mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft, a first magnetic ring, a second rotating shaft and a second magnetic ring, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft can be rotatably mounted on the mounting frame of the housing relative to the housing through an oil-free bearing; a plurality of permanent magnet suspension mechanisms, each permanent magnet suspension mechanism comprises a first annular permanent magnet and a second annular permanent magnet fixed on the mounting frame of the housing, the second annular permanent magnet generates an axial repulsive force and a radially inward repulsive force on the first annular permanent magnet to realize the axial and radial suspension of the second rotating shaft, the second support and the second magnetic ring. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission of the present invention can overcome the shortcomings of the traditional transmission that the lubricating oil needs to be frequently added and the large radial space occupied by the large ratio speed transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of permanent magnet speed change, and in particular to an oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission, an electric system and a power generation system. Background Art

[0002] The driving wheel and the driven wheel of the traditional transmission are driven by teeth meshing, which will cause wear and vibration and need to be lubricated by grease. At the same time, the driving wheel and the driving shaft, the driven wheel and the driven shaft, and the driving shaft and the driven shaft and the gearbox bracket are installed by bearings, and the bearings also need to be lubricated by grease. Since the lubricating effect of liquid lubricants is better than that of solid lubricants, liquid lubricants are generally used in transmissions. However, after long-term use, the liquid lubricants in the meshing parts and bearings are greatly lost, and liquid lubricants need to be added once a month and replaced once every six months. Under high-intensity or extreme working conditions, lubricants need to be added every week and replaced once a month. The maintenance work is complicated. In high-altitude or high-temperature working environments, operators also need to overcome the dangers and hazards brought by the working environment to refuel. If lubricant leakage occurs, additional oil replenishment operations are required.

[0003] In addition, in order to achieve a larger speed ratio, the traditional transmission needs to increase the diameter ratio between the driving wheel and the driven wheel. Therefore, the diameter of the driving wheel or the driven wheel needs to be enlarged, and the permanent magnet transmission with a large speed ratio occupies a large space. For example, to achieve a reduction ratio of 9, when the diameter of the driving wheel is 100mm, the diameter of the driven wheel needs to reach 900mm, and the radial size of the housing on the driving wheel or the driven wheel is not less than 1000mm. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission, which can overcome the shortcomings of a traditional transmission that requires frequent replenishment of lubricating oil and a large radial space occupied by a large speed ratio transmission.

[0005] The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission of the present invention is lubricated by solid lubricating materials. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission comprises:

[0006] A housing, the housing being provided with a mounting frame:

[0007] A two-stage or more permanent magnet speed change mechanism, the permanent magnet speed change mechanism is located in the housing, each stage of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism includes a first rotating shaft, a first magnetic ring that rotates synchronously and is coaxially installed on the first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a second magnetic ring that can rotate synchronously and is coaxially installed on the second rotating shaft, the diameter of the second magnetic ring is larger than the diameter of the first magnetic ring, the first rotating shaft is parallel to the second rotating shaft, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring have a magnetic structure in which the corresponding magnets of the two magnetic ring parts formed by the combination of the magnet arrangement structure on each magnetic ring and the setting mode of the two magnetic rings constitute a pull-push magnetic circuit, so that one of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft is used as the driving shaft and the other as the driven shaft, the driven shaft of the upper stage speed change mechanism and the driving shaft of the adjacent lower stage speed change mechanism are on the same axis, and the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected by an inert The oil bearing can be rotatably mounted on the mounting frame of the housing relative to the housing, the oil-free bearing adopts solid lubricating material, the first rotating shaft is provided with a first support for mounting a first magnetic ring, the first support is an annular frame perpendicular to the first rotating shaft, the annular frame is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft and fixed to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is provided with a second support for mounting a second magnetic ring, the second support comprises a barrel-shaped frame and an annular plate, the bottom wall of the barrel-shaped frame is sleeved outside the second rotating shaft and fixed to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft, the axis of the barrel-shaped frame coincides with the axis of the second rotating shaft, the outer ring of the annular plate is fixed to the inner wall of the side wall of the barrel-shaped frame, and the dimension from the outer ring to the inner ring of the annular plate is smaller than the dimension from the inner wall of the side wall of the barrel-shaped frame to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft;

[0008] A plurality of permanent magnetic suspension mechanisms, each of which comprises a first annular permanent magnet fixed to the outer wall of the bottom wall of the barrel-shaped frame and a second annular permanent magnet fixed to the mounting frame of the shell, the first annular permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are both coaxial with the second rotating shaft, the inner diameter of the second annular permanent magnet is larger than the inner diameter of the first annular permanent magnet and smaller than the outer diameter of the first annular permanent magnet, the outer diameter of the second annular permanent magnet is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular permanent magnet, the polarity of the magnetic pole of one end of the first annular permanent magnet facing the second annular permanent magnet is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of one end of the second annular permanent magnet facing the first annular permanent magnet, so that the second annular permanent magnet generates an axial repulsive force and a radially inward repulsive force on the first annular permanent magnet, so as to realize the axial and radial suspension of the second rotating shaft, the second support and the second magnetic ring.

[0009] Preferably, the magnet structure means that: the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are composed of a plurality of magnets which are tightly fitted end to end in the circumferential direction, have the same size, and the surface where the magnetic poles are located is parallel to the axis with the perpendicular to the surface; the magnetic poles on the surfaces where the magnetic poles are located of adjacent magnets are arranged with their polarities alternately; the size of a single magnet of the first magnetic ring is the same as the size of a single magnet of the second magnetic ring; the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are arranged in parallel, and some magnets of the first magnetic ring and some magnets of the second magnetic ring are arranged opposite to each other up and down and are within the effective range of the magnetic field to form a pull-push magnetic circuit.

[0010] Preferably, the annular outer side of the first magnetic ring and the annular outer side of the second magnetic ring are axially aligned at the edge of the corresponding magnet and at the closest point in the circumferential direction.

[0011] Preferably, each stage of the permanent magnet transmission includes multiple layers of the magnet structure, that is, multiple first magnetic rings correspond to multiple second magnetic rings respectively, and the first magnetic rings and the second magnetic rings that are adjacent and opposite in the axial direction constitute a layer of pull-push magnetic circuit, and multiple first magnetic rings and corresponding multiple second magnetic rings constitute multiple layers of pull-push magnetic circuits.

[0012] Preferably, the first rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of the first supports, each of which is equipped with the first magnetic ring, the barrel-shaped frame of the second support is provided with a plurality of annular plates, each of which is equipped with the second magnetic ring, and the annular plates of the first support and the second support are staggered in the up and down directions.

[0013] Preferably, the first support has an annular groove, the first magnetic ring is installed in the annular groove and fixed to the first support, the annular plate of the second support has an annular groove, the second magnetic ring is installed in the annular groove of the annular plate and fixed to the annular plate, and each first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring opposite thereto form a layer of pull-push magnetic circuit;

[0014] Preferably, a first magnetic ring is fixed to the upper side and the lower side of the first support respectively, and the polarity of the magnetic pole of the upper end of the first magnetic ring located on the upper side of the first support is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of the upper end of the first magnetic ring located on the lower side, and the annular plate of the second support is provided with a second magnetic ring on the side facing the first magnetic ring, and each first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring opposite thereto form a pull-push magnetic circuit.

[0015] Preferably, each stage of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism includes 10 or more layers of pull-push magnetic circuits.

[0016] The present invention also provides an electric system, which adopts the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet speed change device as described above, wherein the driving shaft is the output shaft of the motor, and the driven shaft is the rotating shaft that needs to increase or decrease the speed to output the rotating power.

[0017] The present invention also provides a power generation system, which uses the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet speed change device as described above, wherein the driving shaft is a mechanical energy input shaft, and the driven shaft is a generator input shaft.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission, electric system and power generation system of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: compared with the existing transmission, the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission of the present invention does not need to provide lubricating oil between the driving wheel and the driven wheel. At the same time, the suspension of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism is realized through the permanent magnet suspension mechanism, so that each bearing does not need to bear the axial pressure caused by the gravity of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism, so there will be no wear caused by the pressure caused by gravity. Therefore, even if oil-free bearings are used, there will be no wear caused by gravity. The oil-free bearings use solid lubricating materials, which almost do not produce losses or very small losses, and do not need to add lubricating oil. Therefore, the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission of the present invention does not need to add lubricating oil, and also reduces wear. In addition, the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission of the present invention, due to the multi-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism, can greatly reduce the radial size of the transmission under the same transmission conditions, and can greatly increase the speed ratio under the same radial size conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main view direction of an oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The diagram is a schematic structural diagram of a top view of a permanent magnet speed change mechanism of one stage of an oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 The diagram is a schematic diagram of a pull-push magnetic circuit formed by one stage of a permanent magnet speed change mechanism of an oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals

[0023] 1 first stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism, 11 first rotating shaft, 12 first magnetic ring, 13 second rotating shaft, 14 second magnetic ring, 15 first support, 16 second support, 161 barrel frame, 1611 bottom wall, 1612 side wall, 162 annular plate;

[0024] 2 second stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism, 21 first rotating shaft, 22 first magnetic ring, 23 second rotating shaft, 24 second magnetic ring;

[0025] 3 third-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism, 31 first rotating shaft, 32 first magnetic ring, 33 second rotating shaft, 34 second magnetic ring;

[0026] 4 fourth-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism, 41 first rotating shaft, 42 first magnetic ring, 43 second rotating shaft, 44 second magnetic ring;

[0027] 5 housing, 51 mounting frame, 52 oil-free bearing;

[0028] 6 permanent magnetic suspension mechanism, 61 first annular permanent magnet, 62 second annular permanent magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention provides an oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission, which can be used to reduce or increase the speed of an output shaft. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission of the present invention does not require liquid lubricating oil and only uses solid lubricating materials for lubrication, such as Figure 1 As shown, the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission comprises a housing 5, two or more permanent magnet speed change mechanisms 1, 2, 3, 4 located in the housing 5, and a plurality of permanent magnet suspension mechanisms 6 located in the housing 5. Figure 1 As shown, the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission includes four-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanisms 1, 2, 3, and 4, and the structures of the four-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanisms 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the same. The first-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 1 includes a first rotating shaft 11, a first magnetic ring 12 that rotates synchronously and is coaxially mounted on the first rotating shaft 11, a second rotating shaft 13, and a second magnetic ring 14 that can rotate synchronously and is coaxially mounted on the second rotating shaft 13. The diameter of the second magnetic ring 14 is greater than the diameter of the first magnetic ring 12. The first rotating shaft 11 is parallel to the second rotating shaft 13. The first magnetic ring 12 and the second magnetic ring 14 have a magnetic structure in which the corresponding magnets of the two magnetic ring parts form a pull-push magnetic circuit formed by combining the magnet arrangement structure on each magnetic ring and the setting mode of the two magnetic rings, so that one of the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 13 is used as the driving shaft and the other is used as the driven shaft, and the driven shaft of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism of the previous stage and the driving shaft of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism of the adjacent next stage are on the same axis. In the present invention, the magnet is a permanent magnet.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 51 of the housing 5 relative to the housing 5 through the oil-free bearing 52. The first rotating shaft 11 is provided with a first support 15 for mounting the first magnetic ring 12. The first support 15 is an annular frame perpendicular to the first rotating shaft 11. In this embodiment, the annular frame is horizontal. The annular frame is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft 11 and fixed to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 11. The second rotating shaft 13 is provided with a second support 16 for mounting the second magnetic ring 14. The second support 16 includes a barrel frame 161 and an annular plate 162. The annular plate 162 It is horizontal, the bottom wall 1612 of the barrel-shaped frame 161 is sleeved outside the second rotating shaft 13 and fixed to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 13, the axis of the barrel-shaped frame 161 coincides with the axis of the second rotating shaft 13, the outer ring of the annular plate 162 is fixed to the inner wall of the side wall 1611 of the barrel-shaped frame 161, and the dimension from the outer ring to the inner ring of the annular plate 162 is smaller than the dimension from the inner wall of the side wall 1611 of the barrel-shaped frame 161 to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 11, and the directions of the above two dimensions are perpendicular to the first rotating shaft 11, so that the rotation of the second support 16 and the rotation of the first support 15 will not interfere with each other. Through this structure, the first magnetic ring 12 and the second magnetic ring 14 are horizontally arranged parallel to each other, and the two are partially opposite in the up and down directions, so that a pull-push magnetic circuit can be formed, so that when one magnetic ring rotates, the other magnetic ring is driven to rotate.

[0031] The permanent magnetic suspension mechanism 6 includes a first annular permanent magnet 61 fixed to the outer wall of the bottom wall of the barrel frame and a second annular permanent magnet 62 fixed to the mounting frame 51 of the shell 5. The first annular permanent magnet 61 and the second permanent magnet are both coaxial with the second rotating axis. The inner diameter of the second annular permanent magnet 62 is larger than the inner diameter of the first annular permanent magnet 61 and smaller than the outer diameter of the first annular permanent magnet 61. The outer diameter of the second annular permanent magnet 62 is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular permanent magnet 61. The polarity of the magnetic pole of one end of the first annular permanent magnet 61 facing the second annular permanent magnet 62 is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of one end of the second annular permanent magnet 62 facing the first annular permanent magnet 61, so that the second annular permanent magnet 62 generates an axial repulsive force and a radially inward repulsive force on the first annular permanent magnet 61, thereby realizing the second support and the stable suspension of the second magnetic ring.

[0032] When the second rotating shaft 13 is not subjected to an external force, the axial repulsive force between the first annular permanent magnet 61 and the second annular permanent magnet 62 is balanced with the gravity of the first annular permanent magnet 61, the second support 16 and the second rotating shaft 13. When the second rotating shaft 13 is subjected to a downward external force and moves downward, the first annular permanent magnet 61 moves downward toward the second annular permanent magnet 62, and the axial repulsive force between the two annular permanent magnets increases, and is balanced again with the gravity of the first annular permanent magnet 61, the second support 16 and the second rotating shaft 13 and the external force. When the second rotating shaft 13 is subjected to an upward external force and moves upward, the first annular permanent magnet 61 moves upward away from the second annular permanent magnet 62, and the axial repulsive force between the two annular permanent magnets decreases, and is balanced again with the gravity of the first annular permanent magnet 61, the second support 16 and the second rotating shaft 13 and the external force, thereby achieving axial stable suspension. When the second rotating shaft 13 is subjected to an upward external force and moves upward, the first annular permanent magnet 61 moves upward away from the second annular permanent magnet 62, and the axial repulsive force between the two annular permanent magnets decreases, and is balanced again with the gravity of the first annular permanent magnet 61, the second support 16 and the second rotating shaft 13 and the external force, thereby achieving axial stable suspension. Figure 1 When the radial leftward external force moves to the left, the left side of the first annular permanent magnet 61 approaches the second annular permanent magnet 62, and the radial repulsive force to the right on the first annular permanent magnet increases, while the radial repulsive force to the left decreases, thereby preventing the second rotating shaft 13 from moving further to the left. The repulsive force and the external force reach a balance, and vice versa, thereby achieving radial stable suspension.

[0033] Compared with the existing transmission, the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnetic transmission of the present invention does not need to provide lubricating grease between the driving wheel and the driven wheel. The oil-free bearing adopts solid lubricating material, which has almost no loss, so there is no need to add lubricating oil to each bearing. At the same time, the permanent magnetic suspension mechanism 6 realizes the suspension of the permanent magnetic speed change mechanism, which makes it unnecessary for each bearing to bear the axial pressure caused by the gravity of the permanent magnetic speed change mechanism, so there will be no wear caused by the pressure caused by gravity. Therefore, even if the oil-free bearing 52 is adopted, the wear will not be increased compared with the existing technology. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnetic transmission of the present invention saves the step of adding lubricating oil and reduces wear.

[0034] In addition, the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission of the present invention, due to the multi-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism, can greatly reduce the radial size of the transmission compared with the existing permanent magnet transmission. For example, when a two-stage speed change is adopted, that is, two permanent magnet speed change mechanisms are adopted, to achieve a reduction ratio of 9, only each stage of the speed change mechanism needs to achieve a speed ratio of 3. Therefore, when the diameter of the driving wheel is 100mm, the diameter of the driven wheel only needs to be 300mm, and the radial size of the housing on the driving wheel or the driven wheel is 400mm to meet the requirements. Under the same radial size as the existing permanent magnet transmission, the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission of the present application can achieve a larger speed ratio. When the speed ratio of each stage of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism is 3, the speed ratio of the four-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism is 3×3×3×3=81, which can far exceed the speed ratio of the existing single-stage transmission.

[0035] Figure 3The figure shows an oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission as a reducer, which includes, from top to bottom, a first-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 1, a second-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 2, a third-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 3, and a fourth-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 4. The first rotating shaft 11 of the first-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 1 is a driving shaft, such as the output shaft of a motor, and the second rotating shaft 13 is a driven shaft. The second rotating shaft 12 of the first-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 1 is integrated with the first rotating shaft 21 of the second-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 2, i.e., the driving shaft, the first magnetic ring 22 of the second-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 2 is a driving wheel, the second rotating shaft 23 is a driven shaft, and the second magnetic ring 24 is a driven wheel. Similarly, the second rotating shaft 24 of the second-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 2 is integrated with the first rotating shaft 31, i.e., the driving shaft, of the third-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 3; the first magnetic ring 32 of the third-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 3 is the driving wheel, the second rotating shaft 33 is the driven shaft, and the second magnetic ring 34 is the driven wheel; the second rotating shaft 33 of the third-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 3 is integrated with the first rotating shaft 41, i.e., the driving shaft, of the fourth-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 4; the first magnetic ring 42 of the fourth-stage permanent magnet speed change mechanism 4 is the driving wheel, the second rotating shaft 43 is the driven shaft, and the second magnetic ring 44 is the driven wheel.

[0036] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the magnet structure means that the first magnetic ring 12, 22, 32, 42 and the second magnetic ring 14, 24, 34, 44 are composed of a plurality of permanent magnets which are closely fitted end to end along the circumferential direction, have the same size, and the surface where the magnetic poles are located is the surface where the vertical line of the surface is parallel to the axis. The structure of the magnetic ring is described by taking the first magnetic ring 12 as an example. One ends of the plurality of permanent magnets are aligned to form the first end face of the first magnetic ring 12, that is, Figure 2 The end faces of the N and S poles are shown in the figure. The polarities of the magnetic poles of the surfaces of the adjacent magnets are arranged alternately. The size of a single permanent magnet of the first magnetic ring 12 is the same as the size of a single permanent magnet of the second magnetic ring 22. The first magnetic ring 12 and the second magnetic ring 14 are arranged in parallel, and part of the magnets of the first magnetic ring 12 and part of the magnets of the second magnetic ring 14 are arranged opposite to each other up and down and form a pull-push magnetic circuit within the effective range of the magnetic field. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, these magnets form an overlapping area of ​​corresponding magnetic field in the circumferential direction, and the transmission speed is changed by the pull-push force. The speed change is because the centers of the two magnetic rings are different, and the number of the same permanent magnets on the magnetic rings is different, thus forming a speed change. In this way, when the driving shaft rotates, the driven shaft is driven to rotate at different speeds due to the transmission of the pull-push magnetic circuit.

[0037] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the first magnetic ring 12 includes 4 permanent magnets, the second magnetic ring 14 includes 12 permanent magnets, and the speed ratio of each level of permanent magnet speed change mechanism is 3. The annular outer side of the first magnetic ring 12 (i.e. Figure 2The leftmost side of the first magnetic ring 12 in the figure) and the annular outer side of the second magnetic ring 14 (i.e. Figure 2 The leftmost side of the second magnetic ring 14 in FIG. 1 is axially aligned at the edge of the corresponding magnet and at the closest circumferential position.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, each level of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism includes a multi-layer magnet structure, that is, multiple first magnetic rings 12 and corresponding multiple second magnetic rings 14, the first magnetic rings 12 and the second magnetic rings 14 adjacent and opposite to each other in the axial direction constitute a layer of pull-push magnetic circuit, and the multiple first magnetic rings 12 and the corresponding multiple second magnetic rings 14 constitute multiple layers of pull-push magnetic circuits.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the first rotating shaft 11 is provided with a first support 15 for mounting the first magnetic ring 12, the first support 15 is an annular frame perpendicular to the first rotating shaft 11, in this embodiment, the annular frame is horizontal, the annular frame is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft 11 and fixed to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 11, the second rotating shaft 13 is provided with a second support 16 for mounting the second magnetic ring 14, the second support 16 includes a barrel-shaped frame 161 and an annular plate 162, the annular plate 162 is horizontal, and the bottom wall 1612 of the barrel-shaped frame 161 is sleeved on the first The outer wall of the second rotating shaft 13 is fixed to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 13, the axis of the barrel frame 161 coincides with the axis of the second rotating shaft 13, the outer ring of the annular plate 162 is fixed to the inner wall of the side wall 1611 of the barrel frame 161, and the dimension from the outer ring to the inner ring of the annular plate 162 is smaller than the dimension from the inner wall of the side wall 1611 of the barrel frame 161 to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 11. The directions of the above two dimensions are perpendicular to the first rotating shaft 11. This arrangement makes the rotation of the second support 16 and the rotation of the first support 15 not interfere with each other. Through this structure, the first magnetic ring 12 and the second magnetic ring 14 are horizontally arranged parallel to each other, and the two are partially opposite in the up and down directions, so that a pull-push magnetic circuit can be formed, so that when one magnetic ring rotates, the other magnetic ring is driven to rotate.

[0040] The first rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of first supports 15, each of which is equipped with a first magnetic ring 12, and a barrel-shaped frame 161 of the second support 16 is provided with a plurality of annular plates 162, each of which is equipped with a second magnetic ring 14, and the annular plates 162 of the first support 15 and the second support 16 are staggered in the vertical direction. Through this structure, the plurality of first magnetic rings 12 and the second magnetic rings 14 can form a multi-layer pull-push magnetic circuit to achieve high-power magnetic speed change, including magnetic deceleration and magnetic acceleration.

[0041] As the first setting method, Figure 1As shown, a first magnetic ring 12 is fixed to the upper side and the lower side of the first support 15 respectively, and the polarity of the magnetic pole of the upper end of the first magnetic ring 12 on the upper side of the first support 15 is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of the upper end of the first magnetic ring 12 on the lower side, and the annular plate 162 of the second support 16 is provided with a second magnetic ring 14 on the side facing the first magnetic ring 12, and each first magnetic ring 12 and the second magnetic ring 14 opposite thereto form a pull-push magnetic circuit.

[0042] As a second setting method (not shown in the figure), the first support has an annular groove along the circumference of the annular frame, the first magnetic ring is installed in the annular groove and is fixed to the first support, the annular plate of the second support has an annular groove along the circumference, the second magnetic ring is installed in the annular groove of the annular plate and is fixed to the annular plate, each first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring opposite to it form a pull-push magnetic circuit.

[0043] Although in Figure 1 Only four layers of pull-push magnetic circuits are shown. Preferably, each stage of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism includes 10 layers or more of pull-push magnetic circuits.

[0044] The present invention also provides an electric system, which adopts the multi-stage permanent magnet speed change device as described above, wherein the driving shaft is the output shaft of the motor, and the driven shaft is a rotating shaft that needs to increase or decrease the speed to output the rotating power.

[0045] The present invention also provides a power generation system, which adopts the multi-stage permanent magnet speed change device as described above, wherein the driving shaft is a mechanical energy input shaft, and the driven shaft is a generator input shaft.

[0046] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission, characterized in that: Solid lubricating material is used for lubrication, and the oil-free multi-stage permanent magnetic transmission comprises: A housing, the housing being provided with a mounting frame: A two-stage or more permanent magnet speed change mechanism, the permanent magnet speed change mechanism is located in the housing, each stage of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism includes a first rotating shaft, a first magnetic ring that rotates synchronously and is coaxially installed on the first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a second magnetic ring that can rotate synchronously and is coaxially installed on the second rotating shaft, the diameter of the second magnetic ring is larger than the diameter of the first magnetic ring, the first rotating shaft is parallel to the second rotating shaft, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring have a magnetic structure in which the corresponding magnets of the two magnetic ring parts formed by the combination of the magnet arrangement structure on each magnetic ring and the setting mode of the two magnetic rings constitute a pull-push magnetic circuit, so that one of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft is used as the driving shaft and the other as the driven shaft, the driven shaft of the upper stage speed change mechanism and the driving shaft of the adjacent lower stage speed change mechanism are on the same axis, and the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are connected by an inert The oil bearing can be rotatably mounted on the mounting frame of the housing relative to the housing, the oil-free bearing adopts solid lubricating material, the first rotating shaft is provided with a first support for mounting a first magnetic ring, the first support is an annular frame perpendicular to the first rotating shaft, the annular frame is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft and fixed to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is provided with a second support for mounting a second magnetic ring, the second support comprises a barrel-shaped frame and an annular plate, the bottom wall of the barrel-shaped frame is sleeved outside the second rotating shaft and fixed to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft, the axis of the barrel-shaped frame coincides with the axis of the second rotating shaft, the outer ring of the annular plate is fixed to the inner wall of the side wall of the barrel-shaped frame, and the dimension from the outer ring to the inner ring of the annular plate is smaller than the dimension from the inner wall of the side wall of the barrel-shaped frame to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft; A plurality of permanent magnetic suspension mechanisms, each of which comprises a first annular permanent magnet fixed to the outer wall of the bottom wall of the barrel-shaped frame and a second annular permanent magnet fixed to the mounting frame of the shell, the first annular permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are both coaxial with the second rotating shaft, the inner diameter of the second annular permanent magnet is larger than the inner diameter of the first annular permanent magnet and smaller than the outer diameter of the first annular permanent magnet, the outer diameter of the second annular permanent magnet is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular permanent magnet, the polarity of the magnetic pole of one end of the first annular permanent magnet facing the second annular permanent magnet is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of one end of the second annular permanent magnet facing the first annular permanent magnet, so that the second annular permanent magnet generates an axial repulsive force and a radially inward repulsive force on the first annular permanent magnet, so as to realize the axial and radial suspension of the second rotating shaft, the second support and the second magnetic ring.

2. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic structure means that the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are composed of a plurality of magnets which are tightly fitted end to end in the circumferential direction, have the same size, and the surface where the magnetic poles are located is parallel to the axis with the perpendicular line of the surface, the polarities of the magnetic poles on the surfaces where the magnetic poles are located of adjacent magnets are arranged alternately, the size of a single magnet of the first magnetic ring is the same as the size of a single magnet of the second magnetic ring, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are arranged in parallel, and some magnets of the first magnetic ring and some magnets of the second magnetic ring are arranged opposite to each other up and down and are within the effective range of the magnetic field to form a pull-push magnetic circuit.

3. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: The annular outer side of the first magnetic ring is axially aligned with the annular outer side of the second magnetic ring at the edge of the corresponding magnet and at the closest circumferential position.

4. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each stage of the permanent magnet transmission includes multiple layers of the magnet structure, that is, multiple first magnetic rings correspond to multiple second magnetic rings respectively, and the first magnetic rings and the second magnetic rings adjacent and opposite to each other in the axial direction constitute a layer of pull-push magnetic circuit, and multiple first magnetic rings and corresponding multiple second magnetic rings constitute multiple layers of pull-push magnetic circuits.

5. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of the first supports, each of which is equipped with the first magnetic ring, the barrel-shaped frame of the second support is provided with a plurality of annular plates, each of which is equipped with the second magnetic ring, and the annular plates of the first support and the second support are staggered in the up and down directions.

6. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first support has an annular groove, the first magnetic ring is installed in the annular groove and is fixed to the first support, the annular plate of the second support has an annular groove, the second magnetic ring is installed in the annular groove of the annular plate and is fixed to the annular plate, each first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring opposite to it form a pull-push magnetic circuit.

7. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first magnetic ring is fixed to the upper side and the lower side of the first support respectively, and the polarity of the magnetic pole of the upper end of the first magnetic ring located on the upper side of the first support is the same as the polarity of the magnetic pole of the upper end of the first magnetic ring located on the lower side, and the annular plate of the second support is provided with a second magnetic ring on the side facing the first magnetic ring, and each first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring opposite thereto form a pull-push magnetic circuit.

8. The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet transmission according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: Each stage of the permanent magnet speed change mechanism includes 10 layers or more of pull-push magnetic circuits.

9. An electric system, characterized in that: The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet speed change device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted, wherein the driving shaft is the output shaft of the motor, and the driven shaft is a rotating shaft that needs to increase or decrease the speed to output the rotating power.

10. A power generation system, characterized in that: The oil-free multi-stage permanent magnet speed change device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted, wherein the driving shaft is a mechanical energy input shaft, and the driven shaft is a generator input shaft.

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