A Photovoltaic / Thermal Curtain Wall Ventilation System with Phase Change Temperature Control and Its Control Method

Abstract

To solve the problem that "due to the lack of an effective cooling and heat dissipation method in existing photovoltaic curtain walls, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of components decreases or even stops working", the present invention provides a phase change temperature-controlled photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system and a control method. In a phase change temperature-controlled photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system of the present invention, when the solar cell of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall component receives solar radiation to generate electricity, the heat generated by the solar cell during power generation can be absorbed by the phase change material layer, enabling the solar cell to work at a better temperature, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Subsequently, by controlling the opening and closing of the outer curtain wall air inlet, the outer curtain wall air outlet, the inner curtain wall air inlet, the inner curtain wall air outlet, and the circulation water pump, the heat stored in the phase change material layer can be applied to different scenarios, thus realizing the efficient integrated utilization of photovoltaic-thermal energy in building curtain walls and improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a phase change temperature-controlled photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As one of the most potential ways of applying renewable energy in buildings, building-integrated photovoltaics has been widely promoted in the industry. Photovoltaic curtain wall is the main form of building-integrated photovoltaics and is widely used. However, the existing photovoltaic curtain walls lack effective cooling and heat dissipation methods, and there are serious temperature effect problems caused by component heating during actual operation, resulting in a decrease or even stop of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the components, and affecting the service life of the components. In addition, the existing photovoltaic curtain walls have a single way of using solar energy, with an electric energy conversion rate of only about 15%, a low comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy, and a lack of photovoltaic-thermal integrated utilization technology. At the same time, solar energy is greatly affected by weather, with the characteristics of discontinuity and instability, and there are problems such as temperature fluctuations of photovoltaic cells and unstable solar heating. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem that "the existing photovoltaic curtain walls lack effective cooling and heat dissipation methods, resulting in a decrease or even stop of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the components", the present invention provides a phase change temperature-controlled photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system and a control method thereof.

[0004] The technical solution of a phase change temperature-controlled photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, comprising a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly, an inner glass curtain wall, a circulating water pump, and a hot water storage tank; an exchange heat header is arranged on the upper side of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly, a curtain wall upper connection device is arranged on the upper side of the exchange heat header, an outer curtain wall air outlet is arranged on the upper side of the curtain wall upper connection device, and the upper side of the outer curtain wall air outlet is connected to the outer wall of the upper floor civil engineering structure through an upper galvanized steel plate; a curtain wall lower connection device is arranged on the lower side of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly, an outer curtain wall air inlet is arranged on the lower side of the curtain wall lower connection device, and the lower side of the outer curtain wall air inlet is connected to the outer wall of the lower floor civil engineering structure through a lower galvanized steel plate; an inner curtain wall air outlet is arranged on the upper side of the inner glass curtain wall, and the upper side of the inner curtain wall air outlet is connected to the upper floor civil engineering structure; an inner curtain wall air inlet is arranged on the lower side of the inner glass curtain wall, and the lower side of the inner curtain wall air inlet is connected to the lower floor civil engineering structure; a cavity is arranged between the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly and the inner glass curtain wall; the width of the cavity can be 500 mm; heat exchange tubes are arranged in the exchange heat header; the heat exchange tubes, the circulating water pump, and the hot water storage tank are connected end to end in sequence to form a cycle; wherein, the heat exchange tubes of each photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall can be connected in series in sequence to form an overall cycle system; the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly sequentially comprises a first glass plate, a solar cell, a second glass plate, a first thermal conductive silicone layer, a micro heat pipe array, a second thermal conductive silicone layer, and a phase change material layer from outside to inside; the solar cell can be a crystalline silicon cell (monocrystalline silicon cell or polycrystalline silicon cell) or a thin film cell (silicon-based thin film cell, copper indium gallium selenide cell, gallium arsenide cell, cadmium telluride cell); the upper side of the micro heat pipe array is arranged around the outer wall of the heat exchange tube; a heat transfer medium is filled in the micro heat pipe array.

[0006] In the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control of the present invention, when the solar cells of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly receive solar radiation to generate electricity, the heat generated by the solar cells during power generation can be absorbed by the phase change material layer, enabling the solar cells to work at a better temperature, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cells. Subsequently, by controlling the opening and closing of the outer curtain wall air inlet, the outer curtain wall air outlet, the inner curtain wall air inlet, the inner curtain wall air outlet, and the circulating water pump, the heat stored in the phase change material layer can be applied to different scenarios, thereby realizing the efficient integrated utilization of photovoltaic-thermal energy in the building curtain wall and improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy.

[0007] Further, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, the outer curtain wall air inlet, the outer curtain wall air outlet, the inner curtain wall air inlet, and the inner curtain wall air outlet are electric heat-insulating louver air outlets; insect-proof nets are respectively arranged on the outer curtain wall air inlet and the outer curtain wall air outlet; the insect-proof nets are made of stainless steel. The electric heat-insulating louver air outlets are more convenient for controlling the opening and closing of each air outlet and can also better insulate and ventilate; the insect-proof nets can prevent flying insects from entering.

[0008] Further, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, a lower fireproof material layer is arranged on the lower galvanized steel plate; an upper fireproof material layer is arranged on the upper galvanized steel plate. The lower fireproof material layer and the upper fireproof material layer can be made of rock wool or mineral wool, with a thickness greater than 100 mm. The lower galvanized steel plate and the upper galvanized steel plate are used to support the lower fireproof material layer and the upper fireproof material layer, with a thickness greater than 1.5 mm.

[0009] Further, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, in order to better control the circulation system, an electric valve is arranged between the circulation water pump and the hot water storage tank.

[0010] Further, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, the solar cells are arranged at intervals in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall module; the micro heat pipe array is arranged corresponding to the solar cells. In order to maintain the light transmission effect of the curtain wall, the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall module can be divided into a power generation and heat collection area and a light transmission area, and the power generation and heat collection area and the light transmission area can be arranged as a longitudinal interval array. The solar cells and the micro heat pipe array are arranged in the power generation and heat collection area, and the solar cells and the micro heat pipe array are not arranged in the light transmission area.

[0011] Further, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, the micro heat pipe array includes a plurality of flat micro heat pipes. The upper ends of each flat micro heat pipe are bent to form a semi-circular groove structure and are arranged around the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe. Each flat micro heat pipe (with a thickness of 2 mm) operates independently; acetone is filled in the flat micro heat pipe as a heat transfer medium; after the upper end of the flat micro heat pipe is bent to form a semi-circular groove structure, it can be closely attached to the heat exchange pipe, thereby enhancing the heat transfer performance. In addition, a small amount of thermal conductive silicone can be used to bond between the semi-circular groove structure and the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe, which can further enhance the heat transfer performance.

[0012] Furthermore, in the described photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, specifically, the solar cell is connected to the first glass plate through the first encapsulation film and to the second glass plate through the second encapsulation film; the first glass plate and the second glass plate are tempered glass (with a thickness of 4 mm to 8 mm); the first encapsulation film and the second encapsulation film are EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) or PVB (polyvinyl butyral resin) or silica gel; the inner glass curtain wall is a hollow glass (with a relatively low heat transfer coefficient).

[0013] Furthermore, in the described photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, on one side of the phase change material layer close to the micro heat pipe array, fins are vertically arranged at intervals. The phase change material layer can be an aluminum container filled with a phase change material, and fins are vertically arranged at intervals on one side of the aluminum container close to the micro heat pipe array, which is beneficial to realizing the uniform distribution of heat inside the phase change material layer and enhancing the heat transfer performance of the phase change material layer at the same time.

[0014] Furthermore, in the described photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, the phase change material in the phase change material layer is paraffin, fatty acid, polyethylene glycol, sodium sulfate decahydrate or a composite phase change material; the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 25°C - 55°C; graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal powder, expanded graphite are added to the phase change material. The phase change temperature range of the phase change material can be adjusted by changing the formula of the phase change material; adding graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal powder, expanded graphite to the phase change material can increase the thermal conductivity of the phase change material.

[0015] The present invention also provides a control method for a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, including the following steps:

[0016] I. When the outdoor temperature is relatively high, the outer curtain wall air inlet is opened, the outer curtain wall air outlet is opened, the inner curtain wall air inlet is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet is closed, and the circulation water pump is closed; while the solar cell receives solar radiation to generate electricity, the generated heat energy causes the temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall component to rise, and the phase change material layer can absorb the heat energy to maintain the temperature of the solar cell at a relatively low level. At the same time, part of the heat energy is taken away by the air in the outer circulation through heat exchange with the phase change material layer after passing through the outer curtain wall air inlet, the cavity, and the outer curtain wall air outlet, thereby further reducing the temperature of the solar cell and playing a role in improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell.

[0017] II. When it is necessary to collect heat energy while generating electricity, the outer curtain wall air inlet is closed, the outer curtain wall air outlet is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet is closed, and the circulating water pump is turned on; the heat energy of the solar cells absorbed by the phase change material layer is transferred to the micro heat pipe array; then, the heat transfer medium in the micro heat pipe array is heated and evaporated and transferred to the upper side of the micro heat pipe array; finally, the heat transfer medium condenses and flows back and transfers the heat energy to the heat exchange pipe, and the heat energy is stored in the hot water storage tank through the circulating water in the heat exchange pipe. All air inlets are closed during the heat energy collection process, so that solar energy can be better collected and the utilization rate of solar energy by the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall module can be improved.

[0018] III. When the indoor temperature is relatively low, the outer curtain wall air inlet is closed, the outer curtain wall air outlet is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet is opened, the inner curtain wall air outlet is opened, and the circulating water pump is turned off; the heat energy of the solar cells absorbed by the phase change material layer is exchanged with the phase change material layer by the inner-circulating air through the inner curtain wall air inlet, the cavity, and the inner curtain wall air outlet and then enters the room, increasing the indoor temperature and thus improving the indoor thermal comfort.

[0019] IV. When heat preservation is required, the outer curtain wall air inlet is closed, the outer curtain wall air outlet is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet is closed, and the circulating water pump is turned off; the heat energy of the solar cells absorbed by the phase change material layer circulates in the cavity. At this time, the cavity acts as a heat preservation layer, reducing the indoor heat load, being beneficial to maintaining the indoor temperature and ensuring thermal comfort.

[0020] V. When ventilation is required, the outer curtain wall air inlet is opened, the outer curtain wall air outlet is opened, the inner curtain wall air inlet is opened, the inner curtain wall air outlet is opened, and the circulating water pump is turned on; at this time, fresh outdoor air can directly enter the room to ensure the indoor air quality. The cooling of the solar cells can be completed through the micro heat pipe array.

[0021] VI. When it is necessary to reduce indoor heat loss while ventilating, the outer curtain wall air inlet is opened, the outer curtain wall air outlet is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet is opened, and the circulating water pump is turned off; at this time, fresh outdoor air can enter the room through the outer curtain wall air inlet, the cavity, and the inner curtain wall air outlet. The fresh air exchanges heat with the phase change material layer in the cavity and is heated up, thus providing fresh air for the room and playing a role in preheating the fresh air, improving the indoor environmental quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a phase change temperature-controlled photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of A in

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall component of a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection at the heat exchange pipe of a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of solar cells of a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the first control method of a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the second control method of a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the third control method of a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the fourth control method of a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the fifth control method of a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the sixth control method of a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control according to the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following description and the claims, the advantages and features of the present invention will be more clearly understood. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, only for the purpose of facilitating and clearly assisting in explaining the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , this embodiment provides a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0036] A phase change temperature-controlled photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system, comprising a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly 1, an inner glass curtain wall 2, a circulating water pump 21, and a hot water storage tank 22; an exchange header 18 is arranged on the upper side of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly 1, a curtain wall upper layer connecting device 13 is arranged on the upper side of the exchange header 18, an outer curtain wall air outlet 5 is arranged on the upper side of the curtain wall upper layer connecting device 13, and the upper side of the outer curtain wall air outlet 5 is connected to the outer wall of the upper floor civil structure 17 through an upper galvanized steel plate 15; a curtain wall lower layer connecting device 12 is arranged on the lower side of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly 1, an outer curtain wall air inlet 4 is arranged on the lower side of the curtain wall lower layer connecting device 12, and the lower side of the outer curtain wall air inlet 4 is connected to the outer wall of the lower floor civil structure 16 through a lower galvanized steel plate 9; an inner curtain wall air outlet 7 is arranged on the upper side of the inner glass curtain wall 2, and the upper side of the inner curtain wall air outlet 7 is connected to the upper floor civil structure 17; an inner curtain wall air inlet 6 is arranged on the lower side of the inner glass curtain wall 2, and the lower side of the inner curtain wall air inlet 6 is connected to the lower floor civil structure 16; a cavity 3 is arranged between the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly 1 and the inner glass curtain wall 2; the width of the cavity 3 can be 500 mm; heat exchange tubes 19 are arranged in the exchange header 18; the heat exchange tubes 19, the circulating water pump 21, and the hot water storage tank 22 are connected end to end in sequence to form a cycle; wherein, the heat exchange tubes 19 of each photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall can be connected in series in sequence to form an overall cycle system; the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly 1 sequentially includes a first glass plate 101, a solar cell 103, a second glass plate 105, a first thermal conductive silicone layer 106, a micro heat pipe array 107, a second thermal conductive silicone layer 108, and a phase change material layer 109 from outside to inside; the solar cell 103 can be a crystalline silicon cell (monocrystalline silicon cell or polycrystalline silicon cell) or a thin film cell (silicon-based thin film cell, copper indium gallium selenide cell, gallium arsenide cell, cadmium telluride cell); the upper side of the micro heat pipe array 107 is arranged around the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 19; a heat transfer medium is filled in the micro heat pipe array 107.

[0037] In a phase change temperature-controlled photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system of this embodiment, when the solar cell 103 of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall assembly 1 receives solar radiation to generate electric energy, the heat generated by the solar cell 103 during power generation can be absorbed by the phase change material layer 109, enabling the solar cell 103 to work at a better temperature, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 103. Subsequently, by controlling the opening and closing of the outer curtain wall air inlet 4, the outer curtain wall air outlet 5, the inner curtain wall air inlet 6, the inner curtain wall air outlet 7, and the circulating water pump 21, the heat stored in the phase change material layer 109 can be applied to different scenarios, thereby realizing the efficient integrated utilization of photovoltaic-thermal energy in the building curtain wall and improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, the outer curtain wall air inlet 4, the outer curtain wall air outlet 5, the inner curtain wall air inlet 6, and the inner curtain wall air outlet 7 are electric heat-insulating louver air vents; insect-proof nets 10(11) are respectively arranged on the outer curtain wall air inlet 4 and the outer curtain wall air outlet 5; the insect-proof nets 10(11) are made of stainless steel. The electric heat-insulating louver air vents are more convenient for controlling the opening and closing of each air vent and can also better insulate and ventilate; the insect-proof nets 10(11) can prevent flying insects from entering.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, a lower layer fireproof material layer 8 is arranged on the lower layer galvanized steel plate 9; an upper layer fireproof material layer 14 is arranged on the upper layer galvanized steel plate 15. The lower layer fireproof material layer 8 and the upper layer fireproof material layer 14 can adopt rock wool or mineral wool, and the thickness is greater than 100 mm. The lower layer galvanized steel plate 9 and the upper layer galvanized steel plate 15 are used to support the lower layer fireproof material layer 8 and the upper layer fireproof material layer 14, and the thickness is greater than 1.5 mm.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, in order to better control the circulation system, an electric valve 23 is arranged between the circulation water pump 21 and the hot water collecting tank 22.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, the solar cells 103 are arranged at intervals in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall module 1; the micro heat pipe arrays 107 are arranged corresponding to the solar cells 103. In order to maintain the light transmission effect of the curtain wall, the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall module 1 can be divided into a power generation and heat collection area 24 and a light transmission area 25, and the power generation and heat collection area 24 and the light transmission area 25 can be arranged as a longitudinal interval array. The solar cells 103 and the micro heat pipe arrays 107 are arranged in the power generation and heat collection area 24, and the solar cells 103 and the micro heat pipe arrays 107 are not arranged in the light transmission area 25.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, the micro heat pipe arrays 107 include a plurality of flat micro heat pipes, and the upper ends of each flat micro heat pipe are bent to form a semi-circular groove structure 20 and are arranged around the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 19. Each flat micro heat pipe (the thickness can be 2 mm) operates independently; acetone is filled in the flat micro heat pipe as a heat transfer medium; after the upper end of the flat micro heat pipe is bent to form a semi-circular groove structure 20, it can be closely attached to the heat exchange tube 19, thereby enhancing the heat transfer performance. In addition, a small amount of thermal conductive silicone can be used to bond between the semi-circular groove structure 20 and the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 19, which can further enhance the heat transfer performance.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, specifically, the solar cell 103 is connected to the first glass plate 101 through the first encapsulation film 102 and connected to the second glass plate 105 through the second encapsulation film 104; the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 105 are tempered glass (with a thickness of 4 mm to 8 mm); the first encapsulation film 102 and the second encapsulation film 104 are EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) or PVB (polyvinyl butyral resin) or silica gel; the inner glass curtain wall 2 is a hollow glass with a relatively low heat transfer coefficient.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, fins 110 are vertically arranged at intervals on one side of the phase change material layer 109 close to the micro heat pipe array 107. The phase change material layer 109 can be an aluminum container filled with a phase change material, and fins 110 are vertically arranged at intervals on one side of the aluminum container close to the micro heat pipe array 107, which is beneficial to realizing the uniform distribution of heat inside the phase change material layer 109 and enhancing the heat transfer performance of the phase change material layer 109.

[0045] Furthermore, in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, the phase change material in the phase change material layer 109 is paraffin, fatty acid, polyethylene glycol, sodium sulfate decahydrate or a composite phase change material; the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 25°C - 55°C; graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal powders, and expanded graphite are added to the phase change material. The phase change temperature range of the phase change material can be adjusted by changing the formula of the phase change material; adding graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal powders, and expanded graphite to the phase change material can increase the thermal conductivity of the phase change material.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] This embodiment provides a control method for a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, including the following steps:

[0048] 1. When the outdoor temperature is relatively high, referring to Figure 6 , the outer curtain wall air inlet 4 is opened, the outer curtain wall air outlet 5 is opened, the inner curtain wall air inlet 6 is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet 7 is closed, and the circulation water pump 21 is closed; while the solar cell 103 receives solar radiation to generate electricity, the generated heat energy causes the temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall module to rise, and the phase change material layer 109 can absorb the heat energy to maintain the temperature of the solar cell 103 at a relatively low level. At the same time, part of the heat energy is taken away by the air in the outer circulation after exchanging heat with the phase change material layer 109 through the outer curtain wall air inlet 4, the cavity 3, and the outer curtain wall air outlet 5, thereby further reducing the temperature of the solar cell 103 and playing a role in improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell 103.

[0049] II. When it is necessary to collect heat energy while generating electricity, refer to Figure 7 . The outer curtain wall air inlet 4 is closed, the outer curtain wall air outlet 5 is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet 6 is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet 7 is closed, and the circulating water pump 21 is turned on; the heat energy of the solar cell 103 absorbed by the phase change material layer 109 is transferred to the micro heat pipe array 107; then, the heat transfer medium in the micro heat pipe array 107 is heated and evaporated and transferred to the upper side of the micro heat pipe array 107; finally, the heat transfer medium condenses and flows back and transfers the heat energy to the heat exchange pipe 19, and the heat energy is stored in the hot water storage tank 22 through the circulating water in the heat exchange pipe 19. All the air inlets are closed during the heat energy collection process, so that solar energy can be better collected and the utilization rate of solar energy by the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall module 1 can be improved.

[0050] III. When the indoor temperature is relatively low, refer to Figure 8 . The outer curtain wall air inlet 4 is closed, the outer curtain wall air outlet 5 is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet 6 is opened, the inner curtain wall air outlet 7 is opened, and the circulating water pump 21 is turned off; the heat energy of the solar cell 103 absorbed by the phase change material layer 109 is exchanged with the phase change material layer 109 by the air in the inner circulation through the inner curtain wall air inlet 6, the cavity 3, and the inner curtain wall air outlet 7 and then enters the room, increasing the indoor temperature and thus improving the indoor thermal comfort.

[0051] IV. When heat preservation is required, refer to Figure 9 . The outer curtain wall air inlet 4 is closed, the outer curtain wall air outlet 5 is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet 6 is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet 7 is closed, and the circulating water pump 21 is turned off; the heat energy of the solar cell 103 absorbed by the phase change material layer 109 circulates in the cavity 3. At this time, the cavity 3 acts as a heat preservation layer, reducing the indoor heat load, being beneficial to maintaining the indoor temperature and ensuring thermal comfort.

[0052] V. When ventilation is required, refer to Figure 10 . The outer curtain wall air inlet 4 is opened, the outer curtain wall air outlet 5 is opened, the inner curtain wall air inlet 6 is opened, the inner curtain wall air outlet 7 is opened, and the circulating water pump 21 is turned on; at this time, the fresh air outdoors can directly enter the room to ensure the indoor air quality. The cooling of the solar cell 103 can be completed through the micro heat pipe array 107.

[0053] VI. When it is necessary to reduce the indoor heat loss while ventilating, refer to Figure 11 . The outer curtain wall air inlet 4 is opened, the outer curtain wall air outlet 5 is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet 6 is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet 7 is opened, and the circulating water pump 21 is turned off; at this time, the fresh air outdoors can enter the room through the outer curtain wall air inlet 4, the cavity 3, and the inner curtain wall air outlet 7. The fresh air exchanges heat and warms up with the phase change material layer 109 in the cavity 3, so that while providing fresh air for the room, it plays a role in preheating the fresh air and improving the indoor environmental quality.

[0054] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Any changes and modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the above disclosure fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control, characterized in that, it includes a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall component (1), an inner glass curtain wall (2), a circulating water pump (21), and a hot water storage tank (22); An upper heat exchange header (18) is arranged on the upper side of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall component (1), an upper curtain wall connection device (13) is arranged on the upper side of the heat exchange header (18), an outer curtain wall air outlet (5) is arranged on the upper side of the upper curtain wall connection device (13), and the upper side of the outer curtain wall air outlet (5) is connected to the outer wall of the upper floor civil structure (17) through an upper galvanized steel plate (15); A lower curtain wall connection device (12) is arranged on the lower side of the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall component (1), an outer curtain wall air inlet (4) is arranged on the lower side of the lower curtain wall connection device (12), and the lower side of the outer curtain wall air inlet (4) is connected to the outer wall of the lower floor civil structure (16) through a lower galvanized steel plate (9); An inner curtain wall air outlet (7) is arranged on the upper side of the inner glass curtain wall (2), and the upper side of the inner curtain wall air outlet (7) is connected to the upper floor civil structure (17); An inner curtain wall air inlet (6) is arranged on the lower side of the inner glass curtain wall (2), and the lower side of the inner curtain wall air inlet (6) is connected to the lower floor civil structure (16); A cavity (3) is arranged between the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall component (1) and the inner glass curtain wall (2); A heat exchange tube (19) is arranged in the heat exchange header (18); The heat exchange tube (19), the circulating water pump (21), and the hot water storage tank (22) are connected end to end in sequence to form a cycle; The photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall component (1) includes, from outside to inside, a first glass plate (101), a solar cell (103), a second glass plate (105), a first thermal conductive silicone layer (106), a micro heat pipe array (107), a second thermal conductive silicone layer (108), and a phase change material layer (109); The upper side of the micro heat pipe array (107) is arranged around the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (19); The micro heat pipe array (107) is filled with a heat transfer medium; The micro heat pipe array (107) includes a number of flat micro heat pipes, and the upper ends of each flat micro heat pipe are bent to form a semi-circular groove structure (20) and are arranged around the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (19); Fins (110) are vertically arranged at intervals on the side of the phase change material layer (109) close to the micro heat pipe array (107).

2. A photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer curtain wall air inlet (4), the outer curtain wall air outlet (5), the inner curtain wall air inlet (6), and the inner curtain wall air outlet (7) are electric heat preservation louver air outlets; Insect-proof nets (10, 11) are respectively arranged on the outer curtain wall air inlet (4) and the outer curtain wall air outlet (5); The insect-proof nets (10, 11) are made of stainless steel.

3. A photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A lower fireproof material layer (8) is arranged on the lower galvanized steel plate (9); An upper fireproof material layer (14) is arranged on the upper galvanized steel plate (15).

4. A photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, an electric valve (23) is provided between the circulating water pump (21) and the hot water collecting tank (22).

5. A photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, the solar cells (103) are arranged at intervals in the photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall module (1); the micro heat pipe arrays (107) are arranged corresponding to the solar cells (103).

6. A photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, the solar cells (103) are connected to the first glass plate (101) through the first encapsulation film (102) and connected to the second glass plate (105) through the second encapsulation film (104); the first glass plate (101) and the second glass plate (105) are tempered glass; the first encapsulation film (102) and the second encapsulation film (104) are EVA or PVB or silicone; the inner glass curtain wall (2) is insulating glass.

7. A photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control as described in claim 1, characterized in that, the phase change material in the phase change material layer (109) is paraffin, fatty acid, polyethylene glycol, sodium sulfate decahydrate or composite phase change material; the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 25°C - 55°C; graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal powder or expanded graphite is added to the phase change material.

8. A control method for a photovoltaic-thermal curtain wall ventilation system with phase change temperature control as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, it includes the following steps:

1. When the outdoor temperature is relatively high, the outer curtain wall air inlet (4) is opened, the outer curtain wall air outlet (5) is opened, the inner curtain wall air inlet (6) is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet (7) is closed, and the circulating water pump (21) is closed; 2. When it is necessary to collect heat energy while generating electricity, the outer curtain wall air inlet (4) is closed, the outer curtain wall air outlet (5) is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet (6) is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet (7) is closed, and the circulating water pump (21) is turned on; 3. When the indoor temperature is relatively low, the outer curtain wall air inlet (4) is closed, the outer curtain wall air outlet (5) is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet (6) is opened, the inner curtain wall air outlet (7) is opened, and the circulating water pump (21) is closed; 4. When heat preservation is required, the outer curtain wall air inlet (4) is closed, the outer curtain wall air outlet (5) is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet (6) is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet (7) is closed, and the circulating water pump (21) is closed; 5. When ventilation is required, the outer curtain wall air inlet (4) is opened, the outer curtain wall air outlet (5) is opened, the inner curtain wall air inlet (6) is opened, the inner curtain wall air outlet (7) is opened, and the circulating water pump (21) is turned on; 6. When it is necessary to reduce indoor heat loss while ventilating, the outer curtain wall air inlet (4) is opened, the outer curtain wall air outlet (5) is closed, the inner curtain wall air inlet (6) is closed, the inner curtain wall air outlet (7) is opened, and the circulating water pump (21) is closed.

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