Coupled Evaluation Method for Annual Energy Consumption and Thermal Comfort in Tall Space Buildings

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for coupling evaluation of annual energy consumption and thermal comfort for large-space buildings, including: 1) establishing an annual energy consumption analysis and calculation model Energy-1 for the overall building; 2) extracting the building wall temperature and indoor temperature at typical moments to provide initial and boundary conditions for CFD, and establishing a CFD overall model CFD-1 to analyze the temperature stratification phenomenon and air flow organization; 3) determining the indoor thermal zoning range of the large-space building according to the calculation results of the model CFD-1; 4) re-establishing an energy consumption analysis and CFD two-way coupling analysis model Energy-2 and CFD-2; 5) calculating the overall building energy consumption and thermal comfort index in summer or throughout the year. The present invention proposes a data coupling and transfer mechanism among the building energy consumption calculation model, the three-dimensional room computational fluid dynamics model, and the air-conditioning system equipment energy efficiency model, realizing the two-way coupling and efficient calculation of building energy consumption and thermal comfort, and can provide new technical support for the load calculation involved in the stratified air-conditioning design scheme of large-space buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of green building energy conservation, and particularly relates to a method for coupling assessment of annual energy consumption and thermal comfort for large-space buildings. Background Art

[0002] Large-space public buildings such as sports buildings, museums, and high-speed railway stations have complex indoor air flow organization and obvious vertical thermal stratification due to their large volume, large number of people, and complex environment. At present, the design of the HVAC system for large spaces is difficult, the accurate calculation of the air-conditioning load is complex, and there are problems of energy waste or it is difficult to ensure the quality of indoor thermal comfort. Therefore, how to accurately calculate and analyze the energy consumption and thermal comfort of large-space buildings has very important engineering and economic value for the energy-saving design of such buildings and carbon emissions in the later operation stage.

[0003] In order to achieve energy-saving design for large-space buildings, stratified air-conditioning design schemes are generally adopted at home and abroad. That is, the air-conditioning area and non-air-conditioning area are set according to the space height first, and air-conditioning supply air is only set for the lower or upper local area, so as to achieve the purpose of energy-saving and economy in summer air-conditioning. One of the key factors affecting the effect of stratified air-conditioning design is to calculate and evaluate the air-conditioning load as accurately as possible. At present, EnergyPlus or PKPM software is usually used to calculate the indoor load for air-conditioning load calculation, and at the same time, the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics method is used to finely evaluate the indoor temperature and air flow organization according to the load calculation boundary, providing technical reference for creating high-quality indoor thermal comfort. However, the above energy consumption and thermal comfort evaluation methods have the following limitations and deficiencies: 1) EnergyPlus uses CTF to calculate the wall heat transfer when calculating the load and uses the heat balance method to calculate the load. PKPM uses the response factor method to solve the heat transfer of the opaque enclosure of the room based on DOE-2 and uses the cooling load coefficient method to calculate the room load and room temperature, without considering the long-wave radiation heat transfer of each enclosure structure; the above two common methods are mainly used for load calculation and do not consider in detail the energy efficiency ratio parameters of HVAC equipment in the actual operation stage, thus limiting the application of these two methods in the dynamic evaluation and regulation of energy consumption in the later operation and maintenance scenarios. 2) EnergyPlus or PKPM is too ideal for simulating the indoor air flow organization and temperature space of the room. The simulation software defaults that the indoor air is completely mixed during calculation, which does not conform to the vertical temperature thermal stratification phenomenon in actual large-space buildings, and the simulation results are quite different from the actual situation, resulting in insufficient estimation in energy consumption analysis. For example, in the actual situation, we only need to conduct heat zone analysis and cooling design for the pedestrian activity area. 3) Although there is currently a technology for coupling analysis of dynamic energy consumption based on energy consumption software such as EnergyPlus and CFD, this technology is limited by the CFD calculation efficiency and the ideal model of the air-conditioning system in the energy consumption software, and fails to realize the coupled calculation of the energy consumption and thermal comfort of the whole year indoors, and cannot give the energy consumption index of the HVAC system during the whole year and even the whole life cycle of the HVAC system operation stage based on the coupling analysis technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies and defects of the existing energy consumption and thermal comfort evaluation technologies for tall space buildings, the present invention provides a method for coupling and evaluating the annual energy consumption and thermal comfort of tall space buildings. The method establishes a data coupling and transfer mechanism among a building energy consumption calculation model, a three-dimensional room computational fluid dynamics calculation model, and an air-conditioning system equipment energy efficiency calculation model, realizing the two-way coupling and efficient calculation of building energy consumption and thermal comfort. It can not only consider the thermal stratification phenomenon in tall space buildings but also accurately carry out energy consumption and thermal comfort analysis for the concerned areas, reducing the energy consumption simulation error caused by the thermal stratification phenomenon, and simultaneously meeting the requirements of the annual energy consumption simulation calculation of the building. This method provides technical support for the load calculation involved in the stratified air-conditioning design scheme of tall space buildings, and can also provide reference for the HVAC design and energy consumption optimization analysis of other civil buildings.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for coupling and rapidly evaluating the annual energy consumption and thermal comfort of tall space buildings, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Given the indoor building model and equipment layout of a tall space building, the building thermal insulation material parameter information, and the preliminary HVAC design scheme, determine the typical annual meteorological parameter data of the project site. Based on conventional building energy consumption analysis software such as EnergyPlus, establish an annual energy consumption analysis and calculation model Energy-1 of the overall building, and preliminarily calculate the annual energy consumption index of the overall building, the annual variation of the indoor air temperature, and the indoor and outdoor surface temperatures of the walls.

[0008] S2. Establish a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model CFD-1 to analyze the overall indoor air flow organization distribution and cooling process of a tall space building. Use the indoor surface temperature of the building wall and the indoor air temperature at typical moments provided by the model Energy-1 as the wall boundary and initial boundary conditions of the CFD-1 model, and use the air-conditioning cooling load and supply air temperature provided by the stratified air-conditioning scheme as the refrigeration boundary conditions.

[0009] Specifically, the typical moments include the moments corresponding to the highest and lowest temperatures in the transitional season, summer, and winter.

[0010] Specifically, the analysis duration of the model CFD-1 generally ensures calculation convergence, stable indoor air flow organization, and stable vertical thermal stratification phenomenon of the indoor temperature.

[0011] S3. Output the indoor temperature field and the spatial distribution of the air flow organization of the building, extract the vertical distribution characteristic curves of the temperature at different regional positions, statistically evaluate the temperature values in different indoor regions for zoning, and simultaneously combine the actual planar range of the comfort control area of the indoor site to comprehensively determine the range of indoor thermal zoning of the tall space building.

[0012] S4. According to the scope of indoor thermal zoning of the building, establish an overall building energy consumption analysis and CFD two-way coupling analysis model. Specifically, it includes:

[0013] S41. Divide the original EnergyPlus energy consumption calculation model Energy-1 by thermal zones, and at the same time, combine the building orientation to divide the thermal zones in the near-ground personnel activity area, and establish a new EnergyPlus energy consumption calculation model Energy-2 for calculating considering the differences between the air-conditioned area and the non-air-conditioned area.

[0014] S42. The model Energy-2 performs thermal balance calculations for the non-air-conditioned area and the air-conditioned area at each time integration step, and extracts the temperature information at the interface position between the air-conditioned area and the non-air-conditioned area.

[0015] S43. For the indoor air-conditioning control area, based on the Modelica open-source programming language, establish a fast computational fluid dynamics model CFD-2 considering the zero-equation turbulence model. The grid discretization method is based on the finite volume method, and the indoor space air flow organization and temperature distribution are calculated at each integration step using the boundary conditions provided in step S42.

[0016] S44. Statistically analyze the calculation results of the model CFD-2 and output the average air temperature and comprehensive evaluation index of thermal comfort in the indoor air-conditioned area. The thermal comfort evaluation index specifically includes PMV and PPD.

[0017] S45. Based on the Modelica open-source programming language, establish a simulation model of the stratified air-conditioning equipment system. The energy consumption of this model takes into account the thermophysical processes of the equipment system components in detail and can be used for dynamically calculating the cooling and heating loads.

[0018] S46. Using the average air temperature in the air-conditioned area provided in step S44, based on the actual air-conditioning control strategy and the simulation model of the stratified air-conditioning equipment system established in step S45, perform dynamic simulation of the system building control logic. This control logic can dynamically output the cooling and heating loads of the air-conditioning according to the difference between the indoor temperature in the air-conditioned area and the ideal set temperature.

[0019] S47. Output the cooling and heating loads of the air-conditioned room at each integration step time, and use this cooling load amount to dynamically control the thermal balance calculation of the air-conditioned area of the model Energy-2, thereby affecting and updating the thermal balance calculation of the non-air-conditioned area in the Energy-2 model, and output the energy consumption index.

[0020] S5. Set the simulation duration for the whole year or in summer, repeat the calculation of each integration step in step S4, and finally obtain the overall building energy consumption and thermal comfort indexes considering the energy consumption analysis and CFD two-way coupling analysis.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0022] 1) The energy consumption and thermal comfort different-scale coupling simulation and evaluation method proposed by the present invention can consider the temperature stratification phenomenon in tall-space buildings, and at the same time consider the bidirectional coupling effect of the thermal comfort and energy consumption in the air-conditioning control area near the ground. It can efficiently calculate the annual energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort, and reduce the simulation errors of energy consumption and thermal comfort in the existing energy consumption simulation technology for stratified air-conditioning schemes.

[0023] 2) The method proposed by the present invention can analyze and control the energy consumption and thermal comfort indexes in the local personnel activity area of tall-space buildings through the dynamic simulation of the air-conditioning equipment system. It can meet the refined calculation requirements of different heat zones in the existing actual HVAC system design, and can provide new technical support for the energy consumption optimization of the HVAC system in tall-space buildings during the actual design and operation stages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is the flowchart of the annual energy consumption and thermal comfort coupling evaluation method for tall-space buildings according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is the model diagrams of Building Energy Consumption Energy-1 and Energy-2 studied by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is the curve graph of the inner surface temperature change of the south-facing outer window of the overall building of the Energy-1 model;

[0027] Figure 4 is the indoor air temperature stratification cloud map of the building studied by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is the curve graph of the annual air-conditioning system load of the buildings of the Energy-1 model and the Energy-2 model;

[0029] Figure 6 is the rapid computational fluid dynamics model CFD-2 established by the present invention based on Modelica;

[0030] Figure 7 is the curve graph of the average air temperature change in the air-conditioning area of the building of the CFD-2 model;

[0031] Figure 8 is the simulation model of the air-conditioning equipment system established by the present invention based on Modelica;

[0032] Figure 9 is the annual PMV-PPD thermal comfort curve graph of the EnergyPlus and CFD bidirectional coupling model;

[0033] Figure 10It is the annual air conditioning system load curve diagram of the EnergyPlus and CFD bidirectional coupling model and the Energy-2 model building. Specific implementation mode

[0034] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0035] The present invention proposes a multi-scale coupling rapid simulation and evaluation idea for high-rise space buildings, which is used to guide the design of stratified air conditioning. By adopting the multi-physical field system simulation technology based on Modelica, the coupling analysis of the air conditioning dynamic equipment model, the building energy consumption model and the indoor three-dimensional thermal comfort CFD model can be realized, and the energy consumption and thermal comfort indexes of the local personnel activity area of the high-rise space building can be analyzed and controlled, so as to realize the efficient calculation of the annual energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort; at the same time, the simulation error of the air conditioning system in the existing energy consumption simulation technology is reduced, providing new technical support for the energy consumption optimization of the stratified air conditioning of high-rise space buildings in the actual design and operation stages.

[0036] The annual energy consumption and thermal comfort coupling rapid evaluation method for high-rise space buildings of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0037] 1) Given the indoor building model, equipment layout, building thermal material parameter information and the preliminary design scheme of heating, ventilation and air conditioning of a high-rise space building, determine the typical annual meteorological parameter data of the project site, and establish an annual energy consumption analysis and calculation model (model Energy-1) of the whole building based on the EnergyPlus building energy consumption analysis software, and preliminarily calculate the annual energy consumption index of the whole building, the annual change of indoor air temperature and the temperature of the inner and outer surfaces of the wall.

[0038] 2) Establish a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model (model CFD-1) to analyze the overall air flow organization distribution and cooling process in the high-rise space building, use the inner surface temperature of the building wall and the indoor air temperature at typical moments provided by model Energy-1 as the wall boundary and initial boundary conditions of the CFD-1 model, and use the air conditioning cooling load and supply air temperature provided by the stratified air conditioning scheme as the refrigeration boundary conditions.

[0039] Specifically, the typical moments include the moments corresponding to the highest and lowest temperatures in the transition season, summer and winter.

[0040] Specifically, the analysis duration of model CFD-1 generally ensures calculation convergence, stable indoor air distribution, and the emergence of a stable vertical thermal stratification phenomenon in indoor temperature.

[0041] 3) Output the spatial distribution of the indoor temperature field and air distribution in the building, extract the vertical distribution characteristic curves of temperature at different regional positions, statistically evaluate the temperature values in different indoor regions for zoning, and comprehensively determine the indoor thermal zoning range of large-space buildings in combination with the actual planar range of the comfort control area of the indoor site.

[0042] 4) Establish an analysis model for the overall building energy consumption and a two-way coupling analysis model of CFD based on the indoor thermal zoning range of the building.

[0043] Specifically, for sub-step 1, the original EnergyPlus energy consumption calculation model Energy-1 is thermally segmented, and at the same time, the near-ground personnel activity area is thermally zoned in combination with the building orientation to establish a new EnergyPlus energy consumption calculation model Energy-2 for considering the difference calculation between the air-conditioned area and the non-air-conditioned area.

[0044] Sub-step 2: The model Energy-2 performs heat balance calculations for the non-air-conditioned area and the air-conditioned area at each time integration step, and extracts the temperature information at the interface position between the air-conditioned area and the non-air-conditioned area.

[0045] Sub-step 3: For the indoor air-conditioning control area, a fast computational fluid dynamics model CFD-2 considering the zero-equation turbulence model is established based on the Modelica open-source programming language. The grid discretization method is based on the finite volume method, and the indoor space air distribution and temperature distribution are calculated at each integration step using the boundary conditions provided in sub-step 2.

[0046] Sub-step 4: Statistically analyze the calculation results of the model CFD-2 and output the average air temperature and comprehensive evaluation index of thermal comfort in the indoor air-conditioned area. The thermal comfort evaluation index specifically includes PMV and PPD.

[0047] Sub-step 5: Establish a simulation model of the stratified air-conditioning equipment system based on the Modelica open-source programming language. The energy consumption of this model details the thermophysical processes of the equipment system components and can be used for dynamic calculation of cooling and heating loads.

[0048] Sub-step 6: Using the average air temperature in the air-conditioned area provided in sub-step 4, perform dynamic simulation of the system building control logic based on the actual air-conditioning control strategy and the simulation model of the stratified air-conditioning equipment system established in step S45. This control logic can dynamically output the cooling and heating loads of the air conditioner according to the difference between the indoor temperature in the air-conditioned area and the ideal set temperature.

[0049] Sub-step 7: Output the cooling and heating loads of the air-conditioned room for each integration time step, and use the cooling load to dynamically control the heat balance calculation in the Energy-2 air-conditioned area of the model, thereby affecting and updating the heat balance calculation in the non-air-conditioned area of the Energy-2 model, and outputting the energy consumption index.

[0050] 5) Set the simulation duration for the whole year or summer, and repeat the calculation for each integration time step in step 4). Finally, obtain the overall building energy consumption and thermal comfort indexes considering energy consumption analysis and CFD bidirectional coupling analysis.

[0051] The detailed process of the method of the present invention is as Figure 1 shown. The following lists an embodiment to illustrate the effectiveness and reliability of the method of the present invention. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0052] 1) Given the preliminary design scheme of the building studied in the present invention, build a three-dimensional building model in the building energy consumption analysis software DesignBuilder according to the building floor plan. At the same time, set the building envelope structure parameters, indoor personnel activity parameters, building indoor environment design parameters, heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment parameters, lighting equipment parameters, etc. At the same time, select the typical annual meteorological parameter file of Wuhan City, the location of the project, and establish the annual energy consumption analysis calculation model Energy-1 of the whole building, as Figure 2 shown.

[0053] Specifically, this building is a basketball gymnasium of a school in Wuhan City. The main building has one above-ground floor, and the total building area is 5054.08 m 2 . The exterior wall of the basketball gymnasium is a reinforced concrete exterior wall with a heat transfer coefficient of 0.351 W / m 2 .K; the exterior windows of the basketball gymnasium are double-layer LoE insulating plastic steel windows with a heat transfer coefficient of 1.978 W / m 2 .K; the roof of the basketball gymnasium is a reinforced concrete roof with a heat transfer coefficient of 0.486 W / m 2 .K. The basketball gymnasium adopts a all-air system. The indoor design parameters for air conditioning are 25 °C in summer and 15 °C in winter; the indoor personnel load is 0.0527 people / m 2 (from 7h to 19h); the equipment load is 1.94 W / m 2 (from 7h to 19h); the lighting load is 15 W / m 2 (from 7h to 19h).

[0054] Based on the above information, DesignBuilder calculates the annual indoor air temperature, heating and cooling loads, and the variation curve of the air change rate of the overall building. At the same time, it outputs an example file in the IDF format for EnergyPlus. The temperature change of the inner surface of the building wall is output through EnergyPlus. It can be seen that the highest outdoor temperature in summer in the typical meteorological year of Wuhan is 38.75 °C (July 31st). At this time, the inner surface temperature of the exterior wall of the air-conditioned room in the overall building is 33 °C, the inner surface temperature of the roof is 35 °C, the indoor air temperature is 25 °C, and the inner surface temperatures of the exterior windows facing east, south, west, and north are 34.7 °C, 35.2 °C, 40.9 °C, and 34.6 °C respectively. The change curve of the inner surface temperature of the south-facing exterior window of the building is as Figure 3 shown.

[0055] 2) Establish a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model CFD-1 to analyze the overall indoor air distribution and cooling process in the basketball hall building. Use the inner surface temperature of the building wall and the indoor air temperature corresponding to the highest outdoor temperature in summer provided by the model Energy-1 as the wall boundary and initial boundary conditions of the CFD-1 model, and use the air-conditioning cooling load and supply air temperature provided by the stratified air-conditioning scheme as the refrigeration boundary conditions.

[0056] Specifically, the analysis duration of the model CFD-1 generally ensures calculation convergence, stable indoor air distribution, and a stable vertical thermal stratification phenomenon of the indoor temperature.

[0057] 3) Output the indoor temperature field and the spatial distribution of the air distribution in the building, as Figure 4 shown. Extract the vertical distribution characteristic curves of the temperature at different regional positions, statistically evaluate the temperature values in different indoor regions for zoning, and at the same time combine the plane range of the actual indoor site comfort control area. Finally, it is determined that the basketball court building is divided into two upper and lower layers of space, with the lower layer being 0 - 6m and the upper layer being 6 - 18m.

[0058] 4) According to the scope of the indoor thermal zoning of the building, establish an analysis model for the overall energy consumption of the building and a two-way coupling analysis model of CFD. Specifically, it includes:

[0059] Sub-step 1: According to the indoor temperature calculation results output by XFlow of the model CFD-1, use the Cut block tool in Designbuilder to divide the original EnergyPlus energy consumption calculation model (Energy-1) into two upper and lower layers, and use the Draw Hole tool in Designbuilder to remove the floor between the air-conditioned area and the non-air-conditioned area so that air flow and radiation can pass through, and establish a new EnergyPlus energy consumption calculation model Energy-2, as Figure 2As shown in the figure. The lower layer is the air-conditioned area, with indoor design parameters of 25°C in summer and 15°C in winter; the indoor personnel load is 0.0527 person / m 2 (7h - 19h); the equipment load is 1.94 W / m 2 (7h - 19h); the lighting load is 15 W / m 2 (7h - 19h); the upper layer is the non-air-conditioned area, without a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system, and no settings are made for the indoor personnel load, equipment load, and lighting load.

[0060] Sub-step 2: Select the lower-layer air-conditioned area as the research object. Energy-2 performs a heat balance calculation every other time integration step. When the outdoor maximum temperature is 38.75°C (July 31st), the inner surface temperature of the exterior wall of the air-conditioned rooms in the whole building is 33°C, the boundary temperature between the lower-layer air-conditioned area and the upper-layer non-air-conditioned area is 34°C, the indoor air temperature in the lower-layer air-conditioned area is 25°C, and the indoor air temperature in the upper-layer non-air-conditioned area is 38.5°C. The annual air-conditioning system load curves of the Energy-1 model and the Energy-2 model buildings are as Figure 5 shown. From the above curve graph, it can be seen that for tall-space buildings, only considering the energy consumption and thermal comfort indicators of the local personnel activity areas in tall-space buildings can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the HVAC system.

[0061] Sub-step 3: For the lower-layer air-conditioned area, establish a fast computational fluid dynamics model CFD-2 considering the zero-equation turbulence model based on the Modelica open-source programming language, as Figure 6 shown. The grid discretization method is based on the finite volume method. Specifically, using the boundary conditions provided in Sub-step 2, calculate the indoor air flow organization and temperature distribution at each integration step through the SurfaceIn module interface, thereby affecting the results of the Energy-2 energy consumption calculation model.

[0062] Sub-step 4: Statistically analyze the CFD-2 calculation results and output the average air temperature in the lower-layer air-conditioned area, as Figure 7 shown.

[0063] Sub-step 5: Establish a stratified air-conditioning equipment system simulation model based on the Modelica open-source programming language, as Figure 8 shown. Specifically, select an air-source VAV HVAC system and use a PID controller to control the room temperature in the air-conditioned area. This model comprehensively considers the thermophysical processes of the equipment system components and can be used for subsequent dynamic calculation of cooling and heating loads.

[0064] Sub-step 6: Using the average air temperature in the lower air-conditioning area provided by sub-step 4, conduct dynamic simulation of the system building control logic based on the actual air-conditioning control strategy. Specifically, the heating seasons are set as January, February, March, and December, and the heating room temperature is set at 15 °C (operating time: 5h - 19h); the cooling seasons are set as June, July, August, and September, and the cooling air-conditioning room temperature is set at 25 °C (operating time: 5h - 19h). This control logic can dynamically output the air-conditioning cooling load according to the difference between the indoor temperature in the air-conditioning area and the ideal set temperature.

[0065] Sub-step 7: Establish an energy consumption analysis and CFD two-way coupling analysis model, output the cooling and heating loads of the air-conditioned rooms at each integration time step, and use this cooling load to dynamically control the heat balance calculation in the Energy-2 air-conditioning area, thereby affecting and updating the heat balance calculation in the non-air-conditioning area of the Energy-2 model.

[0066] 5) Simulate the annual air-conditioning system load of the building, repeat the calculation of each integration time step in step 4), and finally obtain the overall building energy consumption and thermal comfort indicators considering the energy consumption analysis and CFD two-way coupling analysis. The annual PMV and PPD thermal comfort curves of this air-conditioned room are as Figure 9 shown, and the comparison of the annual air-conditioning system cooling and heating load curves based on Energy-2 and the two-way coupling analysis model is as Figure 10 shown.

[0067] In summary, the present invention discloses a method for coupling and rapidly evaluating the annual energy consumption and thermal comfort of high-rise space buildings, which includes the following steps: 1) Establish an annual energy consumption analysis and calculation model (model Energy-1) of the overall building based on conventional building energy consumption analysis software such as EnergyPlus; 2) Extract the building wall temperature and indoor temperature at typical moments to provide initial and boundary conditions for CFD, and establish a CFD overall model (model CFD-1) to analyze the temperature stratification phenomenon and air flow organization; 3) Determine the indoor thermal zoning range of high-rise space buildings according to the calculation results of CFD-1; 4) Re-establish an energy consumption analysis and CFD two-way coupling analysis model (Energy-2 and CFD-2); 5) Calculate the overall building energy consumption and thermal comfort indicators in summer or throughout the year. The present invention proposes a data coupling and transfer mechanism among the building energy consumption calculation model, the three-dimensional room computational fluid dynamics model, and the air-conditioning system equipment energy efficiency model, realizing the two-way coupling and efficient calculation of building energy consumption and thermal comfort, and can provide new technical support for the load calculation involved in the stratified air-conditioning design scheme of high-rise space buildings.

[0068] It should be noted that according to the needs of implementation, each step / component described in this application can be split into more steps / components, or two or more steps / components or partial operations of steps / components can be combined into new steps / components to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

[0069] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupling evaluation method for the annual energy consumption and thermal comfort of tall space buildings, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the indoor building model, equipment layout, building thermal material parameter information, and preliminary HVAC design scheme of the large-space building, determine the typical annual meteorological parameter data of the site where the large-space building is located, establish an annual energy consumption analysis and calculation model Energy-1 of the overall building based on conventional building energy consumption analysis software, and preliminarily calculate the annual energy consumption index of the overall building, the annual variation of indoor air temperature, and the indoor and outdoor surface temperatures of the wall; S2. Establish a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model CFD-1 to analyze the overall indoor air distribution and cooling process of the large-space building. Use the indoor surface temperature and indoor air temperature of the building wall at typical moments provided by model Energy-1 as the wall boundary and initial boundary conditions of model CFD-1, and use the air conditioning cooling load and supply air temperature provided by the stratified air conditioning scheme as the refrigeration boundary conditions of model CFD-1; S3. The model CFD-1 outputs the spatial distribution of the indoor temperature field and air distribution in the building, extracts the vertical distribution characteristic curves of temperatures at different regional positions, statistically evaluates the temperature values in different indoor regions for zoning, and comprehensively determines the indoor thermal zoning range of the large-space building in combination with the actual planar range of the comfort control area of the indoor site; S4. According to the indoor thermal zoning range of the building, establish a two-way coupling analysis model of building overall energy consumption analysis and CFD; S5. Set the simulation duration for the whole year or in summer to obtain the overall building energy consumption and thermal comfort indexes of the two-way coupling analysis of energy consumption analysis and CFD; Among them, step S4 includes: S41. According to the indoor thermal zoning range of the building, perform thermal zone segmentation on model Energy-1, and at the same time combine the building orientation to perform thermal zone division on the near-ground personnel activity area, and establish a new energy consumption calculation model Energy-2 for differential calculation of the air-conditioned area and non-air-conditioned area; S42. The model Energy-2 performs thermal balance calculations for the non-air-conditioned area and the air-conditioned area at each time integration step, and extracts the temperature information at the interface position between the air-conditioned area and the non-air-conditioned area; S43. For the indoor air conditioning control area, establish a fast computational fluid dynamics model CFD-2 considering the zero-equation turbulence model based on the Modelica open-source programming language. The grid discretization method is based on the finite volume method, and the indoor space air distribution and temperature distribution are calculated at each integration step using the boundary conditions provided in step S42; S44. Statistically analyze the calculation results of the model CFD-2 and output the average air temperature and comprehensive evaluation index of thermal comfort in the indoor air-conditioned area; S45. Establish a stratified air conditioning equipment system simulation model based on the Modelica open-source programming language. This model considers the thermophysical processes of the equipment system components and is used for dynamic calculation of cooling and heating loads; S46. Use the average air temperature in the air-conditioned area provided in step S44 to perform dynamic simulation of the building control logic based on the actual air conditioning control strategy; S47. Simulate and output the cooling and heating loads of the air-conditioned room at each integration step time, and use the cooling and heating load to dynamically control the heat balance calculation of the air-conditioned area of Model Energy-2, thereby affecting and updating the heat balance calculation of the non-air-conditioned area in Model Energy-2, and output the energy consumption.

2. The annual energy consumption and thermal comfort coupling evaluation method for high-rise space buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that Conventional building energy consumption analysis software includes EnergyPlus.

3. The annual energy consumption and thermal comfort coupling evaluation method for high-rise space buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that Typical moments include the moments corresponding to the highest and lowest temperatures in the transitional season, summer, and winter.

4. The annual energy consumption and thermal comfort coupling evaluation method for high-rise space buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that The analysis duration of Model CFD-1 should ensure calculation convergence, that is, stable indoor air flow organization and stable vertical thermal stratification of indoor temperature.

5. The annual energy consumption and thermal comfort coupling evaluation method for high-rise space buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that Comprehensive evaluation indicators of thermal comfort include PMV and PPD.

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