A photovoltaic-thermal integrated device

Abstract

This invention provides a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, relating to the field of photovoltaic-thermal technology. It includes a vacuum thermoelectric tube, a water collection pipe, and a water distribution pipe. The water distribution pipe is located below the vacuum thermoelectric tube, and the water collection pipe is located above it. The vacuum thermoelectric tube runs vertically through the tube. An inlet valve is installed on the water distribution pipe, and an outlet valve is installed on the water collection pipe. One end of the vacuum thermoelectric tube is connected to the water collection pipe, and the other end is connected to an adapter tube. The beneficial effects of this invention are: through the vertically connected vacuum thermoelectric tube, water enters from the lower water distribution pipe and flows out from the upper water collection pipe, changing the original water flow direction. The inlet valve on the water distribution pipe and the outlet valve on the water collection pipe allow for water and power outages. After water or power failures, if water evaporates or leaks from the tube, the float valves of the inlet and outlet valves open, causing the temperature inside the vacuum thermoelectric tube to rise. Air then enters, and air circulation is achieved using the principle of hot air rising, reducing the temperature inside the vacuum thermoelectric tube and improving the safety of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic and photothermal technology, and in particular to an integrated photovoltaic and photothermal device. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic thermal devices convert solar energy into thermal energy through specific concentrators, thereby heating a medium (liquid or gas) in a receiver to a higher temperature. The heated medium can then be used directly or to drive other devices to generate energy in the form of electricity or heat.

[0003] Currently, most photovoltaic-thermal integrated products on the market use water pipes attached to the back of the photovoltaic modules. This technology is simple and easy to manufacture, but its disadvantages include poor insulation, and since the heat collection area and heat dissipation area are the same, it not only fails to generate heat in winter but is also prone to freezing. While antifreeze and Freon-based products can prevent freezing, they are prone to leakage and environmental pollution. During installation, the spacing between modules is relatively large, resulting in low space utilization in the same installation area. In the event of water or power outages, the temperature of the solar cells will rise, and they will be unable to dissipate heat, posing a risk of explosion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device.

[0005] This invention discloses a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, comprising a vacuum thermoelectric tube, a water collecting pipe, and a water distributing pipe. The water distributing pipe is located below the vacuum thermoelectric tube, and the water collecting pipe is located above the vacuum thermoelectric tube. The vacuum thermoelectric tube runs vertically through the vacuum thermoelectric tube. An air inlet valve is installed on the water distributing pipe, and an air outlet valve is installed on the water collecting pipe. One end of the vacuum thermoelectric tube is connected to the water collecting pipe, and the other end is connected to an adapter wire tube. Multiple adapter wire tubes are provided on the outer wall of the water distributing pipe, and the adapter wire tube passes through the adapter wire tubes.

[0006] The system uses a through-tube design, allowing the internal temperature to be controlled within a reasonable range during normal operation. However, in the event of a system malfunction, such as a water or power outage, the water pump cannot draw water, and the temperature inside the vacuum thermoelectric tube becomes excessively high. Dry burning could cause the battery cell bonding wires to detach, compromising the safety of the entire device. In this situation, air is used to cool the entire device. The water inside the vacuum thermoelectric tube will automatically descend due to gravity or evaporate at high temperatures. An air inlet valve is installed on the water distribution pipe, and an air outlet valve is installed on the water collection pipe. When there is no water in either the inlet or outlet valves, the float valve descends, allowing air to enter naturally. Utilizing the principle that hot air rises automatically, the temperature inside the vacuum thermoelectric tube continues to rise, naturally creating airflow. Under pressure, outside air enters the water distribution pipe through the air inlet valve and then the vacuum thermoelectric tube, cooling it. The hot air is then discharged through the outlet valve. This repeated cooling cycle ensures the safe operation of the entire device.

[0007] Based on this, inner wires are respectively installed at the upper and lower openings of the vacuum thermoelectric tube. The vacuum thermoelectric tube includes an inner base tube and an outer tube, with a vacuum layer between the inner base tube and the outer tube. Series-connected arc-shaped battery cells are attached to the outer wall of the inner base tube.

[0008] Using internal wires can reduce the spacing between vacuum thermoelectric tubes, allowing electricity to flow through the vacuum layer and water to flow inside the inner base tube, thus achieving photovoltaic-thermal integration. Traditional solar cells are planar, resulting in low overall efficiency. To improve efficiency, solar tracking is required to allow sunlight to directly illuminate the photovoltaic panel. Traditional solar tracking equipment has a complex structure, requires precision equipment for control, and is expensive. With arc-shaped solar cells, solar tracking is not necessary, as sunlight can be evenly distributed.

[0009] Based on this, a bypass diode is connected in parallel to the battery cell located below.

[0010] When the sun's altitude angle is low in winter, the lower solar cells are blocked, causing the current generated by the upper, well-lit solar cells to flow to the bottom, shaded solar cells, resulting in hot spots, burnout, and power loss. Currently, in practical applications, the distance between the front and rear solar cells is often increased, which wastes space. To improve space utilization, bypass diodes can be used to allow current to flow past the shaded solar cells, bypassing them and allowing the sun-lit cells to continue generating electricity, while the shaded cells temporarily stop working in winter. This improves roof space utilization, ensures that other solar cells receiving sunlight can generate electricity normally, and prevents power outages caused by bottom-shading solar cells. Furthermore, closer spacing between the front and rear rows of photovoltaic systems improves space utilization in spring, summer, and autumn; the number of solar cells can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0011] Based on this, the adapter tube is cylindrical, with one end open and the other end equipped with a baffle plate. The outer edge of the open end of the adapter tube is equipped with a thick outer wire that engages with the inner wire at the lower end of the vacuum thermoelectric tube. The middle position of the outer side of the adapter tube is equipped with a thin outer wire that engages with the clamping wire cap. A connection hole is opened on the side of the adapter tube near the baffle plate.

[0012] The adapter wire barrel serves to connect the water distribution pipe and the adapter wire tube. The adapter wire tube passes through the adapter wire barrel and is secured to both ends of the adapter wire barrel by the deposit wire cap and the water baffle plate. With the help of the sealing ring, water leakage is prevented. One open end of the adapter wire tube is connected to the inner thread at the lower end of the vacuum thermoelectric tube for fixation.

[0013] Based on this, a water outlet is opened on the water distribution pipe, and a water inlet is opened on the adapter screw barrel. The water outlet is connected to the water inlet, and the connecting hole coincides with the water inlet.

[0014] Water flows through the water distribution pipe, from the water outlet on the water distribution pipe into the adapter wire barrel, through the water inlet into the connection hole of the adapter wire tube, and then into the vacuum thermoelectric tube.

[0015] Based on this, sealing rings are installed at both ends of the adapter wire spool.

[0016] Tighten the compression nut on the adapter tube. The compression nut and the baffle plate press against the sealing ring, and the sealing ring presses against both ends of the adapter tube, thus achieving a seal on the adapter tube.

[0017] Based on this, a sealing gasket is installed between adjacent water collection pipes, which are connected by screws, and a collection box is fitted on the outside of the water collection pipes.

[0018] Reduce the gaps between devices to improve overall utilization.

[0019] Based on this, battery cells are attached to the outside of the collection box.

[0020] Make full use of the sun-facing side of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to improve the utilization rate of the device.

[0021] Based on this, one end of the water distribution pipe is set with an internal thread, and the other end is set with an external thread.

[0022] When multiple photovoltaic-thermal integrated devices of the present invention are installed, one end of the inner thread of the water distribution pipe is fixed to one end of the outer thread of the adjacent water distribution pipe, which facilitates the interconnection of multiple water distribution pipes, reduces the installation gap between adjacent devices, and improves the working efficiency of the device.

[0023] Based on this, silicone is applied to the inner wire of the vacuum thermoelectric tube.

[0024] Silicone gel acts as a sealant and buffer when vacuum thermoelectric tubes are connected to other devices.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] (1) The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device of the present invention uses a vacuum thermoelectric tube that runs vertically through the tube. Water enters from the lower water distribution pipe and flows out from the upper water collection pipe, changing the original flow direction of the water. An air inlet valve is installed on the water distribution pipe and an air outlet valve is installed on the water collection pipe. If the water supply or power is interrupted, the water in the tube will evaporate or leak. The float valves of the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve will open, the temperature inside the vacuum thermoelectric tube will rise, and air will enter. By utilizing the principle of hot air rising, air circulation will be carried out to reduce the temperature inside the vacuum thermoelectric tube and improve the safety of the device.

[0027] (2) In the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device of the present invention, a bypass diode is connected in parallel at the bottom of the lower battery cell. The module current flows through the bypass diode, ensuring that the module works normally and protecting the shaded battery cell from damage and hot spot effect. It also ensures that other battery cells with sunlight can generate electricity normally and will not cause the power generation circuit to be interrupted due to the bottom battery cell being shaded. The spacing between the front and rear rows of the photovoltaic system is closer, thereby improving the space utilization rate in spring, summer and autumn.

[0028] (3) In the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device of the present invention, a sealing gasket is provided between adjacent water collection pipes and collection boxes, and the devices are connected by bolts to reduce the gap between the devices and improve the overall utilization rate. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vacuum thermoelectric tube structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is an enlarged structural diagram of point A in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner base tube structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer tube structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adapter wire tube and structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the adapter wire tube and the vacuum thermoelectric tube of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the adapter wire tube and adapter wire drum of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the water collection pipe structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection box and water collection pipe of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Vacuum thermoelectric tube, 1-1. Inner thread, 1-2. Outer tube, 1-3. Inner base tube, 2. Water collection pipe, 3. Water distribution pipe, 3-1. Water outlet, 4. Battery cell, 5. Bypass diode, 6. Air inlet valve, 7. Air outlet valve, 8. Adapter wire barrel, 8-1. Water inlet, 9. Adapter wire tube, 9-1. Water baffle, 9-2. Connection hole, 10. Collection box, 11. Sealing ring, 12. Pressing wire cap. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] This invention discloses a photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4It includes a vacuum thermoelectric tube 1, a water collecting pipe 2, and a water distributing pipe 3. The water distributing pipe 3 is located below the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1, and the water collecting pipe 2 is located above the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1. The vacuum thermoelectric tube 1 runs vertically through the tube. (See reference) Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 10 An air inlet valve 6 is installed on the water distribution pipe 3, and an air outlet valve 7 is installed on the water collection pipe 2. One end of the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1 is connected to the water collection pipe 2, and the other end is connected to the adapter wire tube 9. Multiple adapter wire tubes 8 are set on the outer wall of the water distribution pipe 3, and the adapter wire tube 9 passes through the adapter wire tubes 8.

[0042] The system uses a through-tube design, allowing the internal temperature to be controlled within a reasonable range during normal operation. However, in the event of a system malfunction, such as a water or power outage, the water pump cannot draw water, causing the temperature inside the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1 to become excessively high. Dry burning could cause the bonding wires of the battery cells 4 to detach, compromising the safety of the entire device. In this situation, air is used to cool the entire device. The water leaking from the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1 decreases or evaporates at high temperatures. An air inlet valve 6 is installed on the water distribution pipe 3, and an air outlet valve 7 is installed on the water collection pipe 2. Since there is no water in either the air inlet valve 6 or the air outlet valve 7, the float valve descends and opens, allowing air to enter naturally. Utilizing the principle that hot air rises automatically, the temperature inside the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1 continues to rise, naturally creating airflow. Under pressure, outside air enters the water distribution pipe 3 through the air inlet valve 6 and then enters the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1, cooling it. The hot air is then discharged through the air outlet valve 7. This repeated cooling cycle ensures the safe operation of the entire device.

[0043] refer to Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, inner wires 1-1 are respectively provided at the upper and lower openings of the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1. The vacuum thermoelectric tube 1 includes an inner base tube 1-3 and an outer tube 1-2. A vacuum layer is formed between the inner base tube 1-3 and the outer tube 1-2. A series of arc-shaped battery cells 4 are attached to the outer wall of the inner base tube 1-3.

[0044] Using internal wires can reduce the spacing between vacuum thermoelectric tubes 1, allowing electricity to flow through the vacuum layer and water to flow inside the inner base tubes 1-3, thus achieving photovoltaic-thermal integration. Traditional solar cells 4 are planar, resulting in low overall efficiency. To improve efficiency, solar tracking is required to allow sunlight to directly illuminate the photovoltaic panel. Traditional solar tracking equipment has a complex structure, requires precision equipment for control, and is expensive. Solar cells 4 are arc-shaped, eliminating the need for solar tracking, as sunlight can be evenly distributed.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, the lower battery cell 4 is connected in parallel with a bypass diode 5.

[0046] refer to Figure 2Bypass diodes 4 are connected in parallel at the three solar cells 4 below. This allows light to flow through the bypass diodes 5, bypassing the shaded solar cell 4, allowing the sunlit solar cell to continue generating electricity while the shaded cell stops working. This improves space utilization and ensures that other sunlit solar cells can generate electricity normally, preventing power outages caused by shading of the bottom solar cell. Furthermore, the closer spacing between the front and rear rows of the photovoltaic system improves space utilization during spring, summer, and autumn.

[0047] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adapter tube 9 is cylindrical, with one end open and the other end provided with a baffle plate 9-1. The outer edge of the open end of the adapter tube 9 is provided with a thick outer wire that engages with the inner wire at the lower end of the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1. The middle position of the outer side of the adapter tube 9 is provided with a thin outer wire that engages with the clamping wire cap 12. A connection hole 9-2 is opened on the side of the adapter tube 9 near the baffle plate 9-1.

[0048] The adapter wire drum 8 serves to connect the water distribution pipe 3 and the adapter wire tube 9. The adapter wire tube 9 passes through the adapter wire drum 8 and is clamped at one end of the adapter wire drum 8 by the water baffle 9-1 to prevent water leakage. The open end of the adapter wire tube 9 is connected to and fixed to the inner thread 1-1 at the lower end of the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1.

[0049] refer to Figure 7 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water outlet 3-1 is provided on the water distribution pipe 3, a water inlet 8-1 is provided on the adapter screw 8, the water outlet 3-1 is connected to the water inlet 8-1, and the connecting hole 9-2 coincides with the water inlet 8-1.

[0050] Water flows through the water distribution pipe 3, flows into the adapter wire barrel 8 from the water outlet 3-1 on the water distribution pipe 3, flows into the connection hole 9-2 of the adapter wire tube 9 through the water inlet 8-1, and then flows into the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1.

[0051] refer to Figure 7 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, sealing rings are provided at both ends of the adapter wire drum 8.

[0052] Tighten the compression cap 12 on the adapter wire tube 9. The compression cap 12 and the baffle plate 9-1 press against the sealing ring 11. The sealing ring 11 presses against both ends of the adapter wire tube 8, thereby achieving the sealing of the adapter wire tube 8.

[0053] refer to Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing gasket is provided between adjacent water collection pipes 2 and connected by screws, and a collection box 10 is sleeved on the outside of the water collection pipes 2.

[0054] Reduce the gaps between devices to improve overall utilization.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, battery cells 4 are attached to the outside of the collection box 10.

[0056] Make full use of the sun-facing side of the photovoltaic-thermal integrated device to improve the utilization rate of the device.

[0057] refer to Figure 9 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the water distribution pipe 3 is provided as an internal thread and the other end is provided as an external thread.

[0058] When multiple photovoltaic-thermal integrated devices of the present invention are installed, one end of the inner thread of the water distribution pipe 3 is fixed to one end of the outer thread of the adjacent water distribution pipe 3, which facilitates the interconnection of multiple water distribution pipes 3, reduces the installation gap between adjacent devices, and improves the working efficiency of the device.

[0059] refer to Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, silicone is provided on the inner wire of the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1.

[0060] The silicone acts as a sealant and buffer when the vacuum thermoelectric tube 1 is connected to other devices.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial," "bottom," "one end," "top," "middle," "other end," "upper," "side," "top," "inner," "front," "center," "both ends," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0062] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "setting," "connection," "fixing," "screw-in," "pad," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] The foregoing description illustrates and describes preferred embodiments of the present invention. As previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal integrated device, characterized in that: It includes a vacuum thermoelectric tube (1), a water collecting pipe (2) and a water distributing pipe (3). The water distributing pipe (3) is located below the vacuum thermoelectric tube (1), and the water collecting pipe (2) is located above the vacuum thermoelectric tube (1). The vacuum thermoelectric tube (1) runs vertically through the vacuum thermoelectric tube (1). An air inlet valve (6) is installed on the water distributing pipe (3), and an air outlet valve (7) is installed on the water collecting pipe (2). One end of the vacuum thermoelectric tube (1) is connected to the water collecting pipe (2), and the other end is connected to the adapter wire tube (9). Multiple adapter wire tubes (8) are provided on the outer wall of the water distributing pipe (3), and the adapter wire tube (9) passes through the adapter wire tubes (8).

2. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum thermoelectric tube (1) has an inner wire (1-1) at the upper and lower openings respectively. The vacuum thermoelectric tube (1) includes an inner base tube (1-3) and an outer tube (1-2). There is a vacuum layer between the inner base tube (1-3) and the outer tube (1-2). Series-connected battery cells (4) are attached to the outer wall of the inner base tube (1-3).

3. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery cell (4) located below is connected in parallel with a bypass diode (5).

4. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adapter tube (9) is cylindrical. One end of the adapter tube (9) is open, and the other end is provided with a baffle plate (9-1). The outer edge of the open end of the adapter tube (9) is provided with a thick outer wire that engages with the inner wire at the lower end of the vacuum thermoelectric tube (1). The middle position of the outer side of the adapter tube (9) is provided with a thin outer wire that engages with the clamping wire cap (12). A connection hole (9-2) is opened on the side of the adapter tube (9) near the baffle plate (9-1).

5. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water distribution pipe (3) has an outlet hole (3-1), the adapter screw barrel (8) has an inlet hole (8-1), the outlet hole (3-1) is connected to the inlet hole (8-1), and the connecting hole (9-2) coincides with the inlet hole (8-1).

6. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the adapter wire drum (8) are equipped with sealing rings (11).

7. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing gasket is provided between adjacent water collection pipes (2) and connected by screws. A collection box (10) is fitted on the outside of the water collection pipe (2).

8. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery sheet (4) is attached to the outside of the collection box (10).

9. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution pipe (3) has an internal thread (1-1) at one end and an external thread at the other end.

10. The photovoltaic-thermal integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Silicone is provided at the inner wire (1-1) of the vacuum thermoelectric tube (1).

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