Use of safeners to improve tolerance of ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops to herbicides

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for controlling undesirable vegetation near ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops, which comprises applying a) an effective amount of an herbicide that inhibits ACCase; and b) an effective amount of isoxadifen, its ester or salt to the site of the undesirable vegetation to effectively control the undesirable vegetation.

Description

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 042,019, filed on June 22, 2020, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.

[0002] Throughout this application, various publications are referenced. The disclosures of these documents are hereby incorporated by reference into this application in their entireties in order to more fully describe the state of the art to which this invention pertains. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention provides methods for controlling undesirable vegetation near ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops. Background Art

[0004] Controlling unwanted vegetation is extremely important in achieving high crop efficiency. However, in many cases, herbicides that are effective against a range of weeds can also damage crops. To protect crops from the negative effects of herbicides and to increase crop tolerance to herbicides, safeners are often used.

[0005] Safeners usually work by inducing the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in the detoxification of herbicides, which causes the herbicide to degrade faster so that it does not reach harmful concentrations. Various chemicals are considered to be safeners for different herbicides and crops. Examples of safeners are isoxadifen, clofosbumid, AD-67, fenthiocarb and fenthiocarb and their esters. However, safeners may also reduce the sensitivity of weeds to herbicides. Therefore, it is a challenging task to find the right balance between protecting desired crops from the harmful effects of herbicides while effectively controlling undesirable weeds.

[0006] Aryloxyphenoxypropionates (FOPs) are a class of herbicides that act by inhibiting acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), which results in the inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis. Examples of FOPs (i.e., herbicides that inhibit ACCase) include clodinafop-butyl, cyhalofop-butyl, diazinon-butyl, fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-butyl, cypermethrin ((R)-2-[[(1-methylethylidene)amino]oxy]ethyl 2-[4-[(6-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy]propionate, first reported by PFBocion et al. (Proc. 1987 Br. Crop Prot. Conf.-Weeds [1987 Brighton Crop Protection Conference Proceedings - Weeds], 1, 55)) and quizalofop-butyl ((2-isopropylideneamino-oxyethyl (R)-2-[4-(6-chloroquinoxalin-2-yloxy)phenoxy]propionate, first reported by G. Sakata et al. (Proc. 10th Int. Congr. Plant Prot. [10th International Plant Protection Conference Proceedings] 1983, 1, 315)).

[0007] Post-emergence control options for grass weeds are limited, and sorghum species weeds (Johnsongrass and shattercane) are common and tolerate essentially all seed-bearing sorghum herbicides. Sorghum weeds compete with the sorghum crop for nutrients, water, and space. Current weed control methods for sorghum are expensive and time consuming, and often do not result in complete eradication of grass weeds. Pre-emergence herbicides provide temporary control of grasses, but there are often late season escapes. And, again, neither shattercane nor Johnsongrass can be controlled. Incomplete control is problematic because even small amounts of residual weeds can produce enough seeds to restore population levels to the original soil seed bank.

[0008] There is a need for effective and highly selective control of sorghum weeds without damaging the desirable commercial sorghum. Therefore, there is a need to find a herbicide mixture that effectively controls sorghum weeds without significantly damaging the sorghum crop. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention provides a method for controlling undesirable vegetation near ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops, the method comprising applying a) an effective amount of an herbicide that inhibits ACCase; and b) an effective amount of isoxadifen, its ester or salt (also known as a "safener" or "herbicide safener") to the site of the undesirable vegetation to effectively control the undesirable vegetation.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for reducing the plant toxicity of an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide on an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, wherein the method comprises applying an effective amount of isoxadifen, its ester or salt to the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, thereby effectively reducing the plant toxicity of the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop compared to the plant toxicity of the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide on the same sorghum crop to which is not applied with isoxadifen, its ester or salt.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for increasing the tolerance of an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop to an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide, the method comprising applying an effective amount of isoxadifen, its ester or salt to the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, thereby increasing the tolerance of the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop to the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide compared to the tolerance of the same sorghum crop to which is not applied isoxadifen, its ester or salt.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for reducing the herbicide effect of an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide in an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, the method comprising applying isoxadifen, its ester or salt to plants and / or seeds of the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, thereby reducing the herbicide effect in the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop compared to the herbicide effect in the same sorghum crop to which is not applied isoxadifen, its ester or salt.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for increasing the tolerance of an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop to an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide, wherein the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop is treated with isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof.

[0014] The present invention also provides an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop having increased tolerance to an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide, wherein the sorghum crop is treated with isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof.

[0015] The present invention also provides an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop having increased tolerance to an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide, which can be obtained by treating the sorghum crop with isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for controlling undesirable vegetation near an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, the method comprising (i) applying isoxadifen, its ester or salt to seeds of the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, and (ii) applying an effective amount of an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide to the site of the undesirable vegetation so as to effectively control the undesirable vegetation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The safety effect of isoxadiazine on ACCase-tolerant sorghum after application of quizalofop-ethyl was shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] definition

[0019] Before explaining the present subject matter in detail, it may be helpful to provide definitions of certain terms used herein. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present subject matter relates.

[0020] As used herein, the phrase "agriculturally acceptable carrier" means a carrier that is known in the art and accepted for formation of formulations for agricultural or horticultural use.

[0021] As used herein, the term "crop" includes reference to whole plants, plant organs (e.g., leaves, stems, twigs, roots, trunks, branches, buds, fruits, etc.), plant cells or plant seeds. The term covers plant crops such as fruits, etc. The term also covers plant propagation materials, which can include seeds and spores; and plant structures such as bulbs, corms, tubers, rhizomes, roots stems, basal shoots, stolons and buds.

[0022] As used herein, the term "ACCase tolerant sorghum crop" refers to a sorghum crop mutant line that is tolerant or partially tolerant to a specific ACCase herbicide. ACCase tolerant sorghum crops include genetically modified and non-genetically modified sorghum crops. Non-genetically modified ACCase tolerant sorghum crops can be obtained by technology (such as selection).

[0023] ACCase tolerant sorghum crops refer to any sorghum variety that is resistant to one or more herbicides that inhibit acetyl-CoA carboxylase. A non-limiting list of sorghum varieties suitable for the methods of the present invention is disclosed in WO 2018 / 222715, in the name of Chromatin, Inc., pages 5 to 8 and 23 to 26. Preferably, the ACCase-tolerant sorghum plant used in the method of the present invention is a plant in which the nucleotide sequence encoding the CT domain of the ACC protein comprises one of the following sequences disclosed in WO 2018 / 222715: a nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 herein (SEQ ID NO: 2 of WO 2018 / 222715); a nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 herein (SEQ ID NO: 3 of WO 2018 / 222715); a nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 herein (SEQ ID NO: 4 of WO 2018 / 222715); a nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 herein (SEQ ID NO: 5 of WO 2018 / 222715); a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or SEQ ID NO: 4; a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 and one of the following: a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or SEQ ID NO: 4; a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 NO:3 and SEQ ID NO:4; SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:2 and SEQ ID NO:3; SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:2 and SEQ ID NO:4; SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3 and SEQ ID NO:4; or SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:3 and SEQ ID NO:4. The renumbered sequences are as disclosed in WO 2018 / 222715.

[0024] In another embodiment of the present invention, the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, mutant, seed or progeny thereof suitable for the method of the present invention is a species comprising one or more sorghum ACC gene mutations, wherein the ACC gene encodes a sorghum acetyl-CoA protein having a CT domain comprising one or more of the following mutations disclosed in WO 2018 / 222715: an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to cysteine ​​at amino acid position 1999 (W1999C; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having a sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 6 herein) compared to the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 5 herein, or an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 1999 (W1999S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having a sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 7 herein) compared to the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 5 herein, or 5, an amino acid substitution of alanine to valine at amino acid position 2004 (A2004V; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:8), or an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 2027 (W2027S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:9), or an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to cysteine ​​at amino acid position 1999 (W1999C; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:6) compared to the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5 and an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to cysteine ​​at amino acid position 1999 (W1999C; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:7) compared to the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:8 5, a tryptophan to serine amino acid substitution at amino acid position 1999 (W1999S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:7), or a tryptophan to cysteine ​​amino acid substitution at amino acid position 1999 (W1999C; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:6) compared to the amino acid sequence alignment of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5, and an alanine to valine amino acid substitution at amino acid position 2004 (A2004V; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5) compared to the amino acid sequence alignment of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5.8), or an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to cysteine ​​at amino acid position 1999 (W1999C; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein by SEQ ID NO:6) compared with the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein by SEQ ID NO:5 and an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 2027 (W2027S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein by SEQ ID NO:9) compared with the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein by SEQ ID NO:5, or an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 1999 (W1999S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein by SEQ ID NO:7) compared with the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein by SEQ ID NO:5 and an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 2027 (W2027S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein by SEQ ID NO:9) compared with the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein by SEQ ID NO:5 5, an amino acid substitution from alanine to valine at amino acid position 2004 (A2004V; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:8), or an amino acid substitution from tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 1999 (W1999S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:7) compared to the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5, and an amino acid substitution from tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 2027 (W2027S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:9) compared to the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5, or an amino acid substitution from tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 2027 (W2027S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:9) compared to the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5, or an amino acid substitution from tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 2027 (W2027S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:10) compared to the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:11 5, an alanine to valine amino acid substitution at amino acid position 2004 (A2004V; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:8) and an amino acid substitution at amino acid position 2027 from tryptophan to serine (W2027S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:9) compared to the amino acid sequence alignment of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5, or an amino acid substitution at amino acid position 1999 from tryptophan to cysteine ​​(W1999C; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5).999A1; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:6) and an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 1999 (W1999S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:7) and an amino acid substitution of alanine to valine at amino acid position 2004 (A2004V; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:8) compared to the amino acid sequence alignment of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5, or an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to cysteine ​​at amino acid position 1999 (W1999C; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:6) and an amino acid substitution of sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:7 compared to the amino acid sequence alignment of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5. 999 to serine amino acid substitution at amino acid position 1999 (W1999S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:7) and an amino acid sequence alignment of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5 at a tryptophan to serine amino acid substitution at amino acid position 2027 (W2027S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:9), or an amino acid sequence alignment of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5 at a tryptophan to cysteine ​​amino acid substitution at amino acid position 1999 (W1999C; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:6) and an amino acid sequence alignment of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:7. 5, an alanine to valine amino acid substitution at amino acid position 2004 (A2004V; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:8) and an amino acid substitution at amino acid position 2027 (W2027S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:9) from a tryptophan to serine amino acid substitution at amino acid position 1999 (W1999S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having the sequence set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5) from a sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence as set forth herein as SEQ ID NO:5.Resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having a sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:7 herein) and an amino acid substitution of alanine to valine at amino acid position 2004 (A2004V; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having a sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:8 herein) compared to the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:5 herein and an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 2027 (W2027S; resulting in a CT domain polypeptide having a sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:9 herein) compared to the amino acid sequence of the sorghum wild-type CT domain polypeptide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:5 herein. The nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs:1 to 4 and the amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs:5 to 9 are disclosed in SEQ ID NOs:2 to 5 and SEQ ID NOs:6 to 10 in WO 2018 / 222715 and are detailed in Table 1 below. ;

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

[0032] Table 1

[0033] In another embodiment, the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, mutant, seed or progeny thereof is selected from a species comprising in its genome at least one polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to cysteine ​​at amino acid position 1999, as compared with SEQ ID NO:5 of sorghum acetyl-CoA carboxylase large subunit (SEQ ID NO:6; W1999C); having an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 1999, as compared with SEQ ID NO:5 of sorghum acetyl-CoA carboxylase large subunit (SEQ ID NO:7; W1999S); having an amino acid substitution of alanine to valine at amino acid position 2004, as compared with SEQ ID NO:5 of sorghum acetyl-CoA carboxylase large subunit (SEQ ID NO:8; A2004V); and having an amino acid substitution of tryptophan to serine at amino acid position 2027, as compared with SEQ ID NO:5 of sorghum acetyl-CoA carboxylase large subunit (SEQ ID NO:9; A2009A). NO:9; W2027S), wherein these sequences are as disclosed in WO 2018 / 222715 and as detailed in Table 1 above.

[0034] In another embodiment, the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, mutant, seed or progeny thereof is selected from one of the deposits under ATCC Accession Nos. PTA-125106 (sorghum line BTX430-CHR-ACC1) and PTA-125107 (sorghum line BTX430-CHR-ACC4) or PTA-125108 (sorghum line BTX430-CHR-ACC2), deposited at the American Type Tissue Culture Collection (ATCC) on May 9, 2018 under the terms of the Budapest Treaty.

[0035] As used herein, the term "locus" includes not only areas where undesirable vegetation may already be growing, but also areas where undesirable vegetation is still emerging and areas under cultivation.

[0036] As used herein, the term "post-emergence" refers to applying a herbicide mixture or composition to undesirable vegetation that has already emerged from the soil. The term "pre-emergence" refers to applying a herbicide mixture or composition to a habitat, undesirable vegetation or soil before the undesirable vegetation emerges from the soil.

[0037] As used herein, the term "controlling unwanted vegetation" refers to interfering with the normal growth and development of unwanted vegetation. Examples of control activities include, but are not limited to, inhibiting root growth of unwanted vegetation, inhibiting shoot growth of unwanted vegetation, inhibiting shoot emergence of unwanted vegetation, inhibiting seed production of unwanted vegetation, or reducing the biomass of unwanted vegetation.

[0038] As used herein, the term "effective" when used to describe a method for controlling undesirable vegetation means that the method provides a good level of control of the undesirable vegetation without significantly interfering with the normal growth and development of the crop.

[0039] As used herein, the term "effective amount" refers to an amount of a mixture sufficient to achieve a good level of control when adsorbed, contacted with, or sensed.

[0040] As used herein, the term "surfactant" refers to any agriculturally acceptable material that imparts emulsification, stabilization, spreading, wetting, dispersibility or other surface modification properties.

[0041] As used herein, the term "mixture" or "combination" refers to, but is not limited to, a combination in any physical form, such as a blend, solution, alloy, and the like.

[0042] As used herein, the term "a" or "an" as used herein includes the singular and the plural, unless otherwise specifically stated. Therefore, the terms "a", "an" or "at least one" can be used interchangeably in this application.

[0043] As used herein, the term "about", when used in conjunction with a numerical value, includes ±10% of the indicated value. In addition, the endpoints of all ranges involving the same component or property herein include the endpoints, are independently combinable, and include all intermediate points and ranges. It should be understood that where a parameter range is provided, the present invention also provides all integers within the range and their decimals. For example, "0.1-99wt.%" includes 0.1wt.%, 0.2wt.%, 0.3wt.%, etc. up to 99wt.%.

[0044] As used herein, the term "low light intensity" when used in conjunction with growing conditions for sorghum crops means light intensity less than 300 μM / m 2 / second. Preferably, the light intensity is less than 150 μM / m 2 / Second.

[0045] As used herein, the term "high light intensity" when used in conjunction with growing conditions for sorghum crops means light intensities greater than 700 μM / m 2 / second. Preferably, the light intensity is 800 μM / m2 / sec to 1000μM / m 2 / second.

[0046] The present invention relates to the use of one or more safeners to enhance the tolerance of ACCase tolerant sorghum crops to ACCase herbicides, so that the application of ACCase herbicides produces less phytotoxicity to the ACCase tolerant sorghum crops compared to the herbicide action in the same sorghum crops without the application of isoxadifen, its esters or salts. Preferably, the present invention relates to the use of one or more safeners to enhance the tolerance of ACCase tolerant sorghum crops to ACCase herbicides, so that the application of ACCase herbicides will not significantly damage the ACCase tolerant sorghum crops.

[0047] The method of the present invention can be carried out by applying a herbicide mixture in the vicinity of an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, wherein the herbicide mixture comprises: a) a herbicide that inhibits acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase); and b) isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof.

[0048] The herbicide that inhibits ACC enzyme can include but is not limited to cypermethrin, quizalofop-butyl, quizalofop-butyl, quizalofop-butyl, quizalofop-butyl, quizalofop-butyl and fluazifop-butyl and its ester derivatives. In some embodiments, the herbicide that inhibits ACC enzyme is cypermethrin. In some embodiments, the herbicide that inhibits ACC enzyme is quizalofop-butyl.

[0049] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the ACC enzyme herbicide to the isoxadifen, its ester or salt in the herbicide mixture is 1:4 to 10:1. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the ACC enzyme herbicide to the isoxadifen, its ester or salt in the herbicide mixture is 1:4 or 1:3 or 1:2 or 1:1 or 2:1 or 3:1 or 4:1 or 5:1 or 6:1 or 7:1 or 8:1 or 9:1 or 10:1.

[0050] In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture comprises about 0.1% to about 99% ACCase herbicide by weight. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture comprises about 0.1% to about 25% ACCase herbicide by weight. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture comprises about 25% to about 50% ACCase herbicide by weight. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture comprises about 50% to about 75% ACCase herbicide by weight. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture comprises about 75% to about 99% ACCase herbicide by weight.

[0051] In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture comprises about 0.1% to about 90% by weight of isoxadifen, its ester or salt. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture comprises about 0.1% to about 25% by weight of the safener isoxadifen, its ester or salt. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture comprises about 25% to about 50% by weight of isoxadifen, its ester or salt. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture comprises about 50% to about 75% by weight of isoxadifen, its ester or salt. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture comprises about 75% to about 90% by weight of isoxadifen, its ester or salt.

[0052] In some embodiments, the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop plant has at least one genetic mutation that confers tolerance or partial tolerance to an herbicide that inhibits ACCase.

[0053] In some embodiments, the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop is tolerant to ACCase, and isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof is effective to increase the tolerance of the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop to a herbicide that inhibits ACCase.

[0054] In some embodiments, the ACCase tolerant sorghum crop is tolerant to an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide, and isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof is effective to increase the tolerance of the ACCase tolerant sorghum crop to the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide in the herbicide mixture.

[0055] In some embodiments, the combination of isoxadiazine, an ester or salt thereof and a mutation in an ACCase tolerant sorghum crop is effective to increase the ED50 of an ACCase herbicide.

[0056] In some embodiments, isoxadiazine, an ester or salt thereof, when applied to an ACCase tolerant sorghum crop, is effective to increase the ED50 of an ACCase herbicide.

[0057] In some embodiments, the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop contains 1, 2, or 3 or more genes that confer tolerance to herbicides that inhibit ACCase.

[0058] In some embodiments, the undesirable vegetation is a monocot. Examples of weed species for which the application according to the present invention is effective are monocotyledonous weed species, including, but not limited to: Avena spp., Alopecurus spp., Apera spp., Brachiaria spp., Bromus spp., Tribulus spp., Digitaria spp., Lolium spp., Echinochloa spp., Panicum spp., Phalaris spp., Poa spp., Setaria spp., and Agropyron spp., Cynodon spp., Imperata spp., and Sorghum spp. among perennial plants.

[0059] In some embodiments, the undesirable vegetation includes fugitive annual grasses, particularly hedgehog grasses (Chenchrus spp.), deciduous sorghum grasses (Sorghum bicolor), and johnson grasses (Sorghum halepense).

[0060] In some embodiments, environmental conditions affect the tolerance of ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops to herbicides that inhibit ACCase. In some embodiments, when ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops are grown under low light intensity conditions, the tolerance of ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops to herbicides that inhibit ACCase is reduced compared to when grown under high light intensity conditions.

[0061] In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in reducing the plant toxicity of ACCase herbicides to ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops grown under low light intensity. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in reducing the plant toxicity of ACCase herbicides to ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops grown under high light intensity conditions.

[0062] In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is effective to increase the tolerance of ACCase tolerant sorghum crops grown under low light intensity conditions. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is effective to increase the tolerance of ACCase tolerant sorghum crops grown under high light intensity conditions.

[0063] In some embodiments, environmental conditions may include, but are not limited to, light intensity and temperature.

[0064] The degree of herbicide tolerance of crops is affected by their growth and metabolic rates.

[0065] For example, under conditions of low light intensity, such as clouds or fog, and / or at low temperatures, such as below 65°F, crop growth and metabolic rates are reduced, and thus herbicide tolerance of the crop is reduced.

[0066] In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in reducing the plant toxicity of the ACCase herbicide to the ACCase tolerant sorghum crop by at least 10% compared to the plant toxicity of the herbicide to the same sorghum crop to which isoxadifen, its esters or salts are not applied. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in reducing the plant toxicity of the ACCase herbicide to the ACCase tolerant sorghum crop by at least 15% compared to the plant toxicity of the herbicide to the same sorghum crop to which isoxadifen, its esters or salts are not applied. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in reducing the plant toxicity of the ACCase herbicide to the ACCase tolerant sorghum crop by at least 20% compared to the plant toxicity of the herbicide to the same sorghum crop to which isoxadifen, its esters or salts are not applied.

[0067] In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in increasing the tolerance of ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops to ACCase herbicides by at least 10% compared to the tolerance of the same sorghum crops not applied with isoxadifen, its esters or salts. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in increasing the tolerance of ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops to ACCase herbicides by at least 15%, or by at least 25%, or by at least 40%, or by at least 70%, compared to the tolerance of the same sorghum crops not applied with isoxadifen, its esters or salts.

[0068] In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in reducing the ACCase herbicide action in ACCase tolerant sorghum crops by at least 10% compared to the herbicide action in the same sorghum crop without isoxadifen, its esters or salts. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in reducing the ACCase herbicide action in ACCase tolerant sorghum crops by at least 15% compared to the herbicide action in the same sorghum crop without isoxadifen, its esters or salts. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in reducing the ACCase herbicide action in ACCase tolerant sorghum crops by at least 20% compared to the herbicide action in the same sorghum crop without isoxadifen, its esters or salts. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are effective in reducing the ACCase herbicide action in ACCase tolerant sorghum crops by at least 70% compared to the herbicide action in the same sorghum crop without isoxadifen, its esters or salts.

[0069] The method of the present invention can be carried out by using a herbicide composition comprising a) an effective amount of a herbicide that inhibits ACCase; and b) isoxadifen, its esters and salts; and c) at least one agriculturally acceptable carrier.

[0070] In some embodiments, the amount of ACC enzyme herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt in the composition is 0.1-99wt.% based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the amount of ACC enzyme herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt in the composition is 0.1-25wt.% based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the amount of ACC enzyme herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt in the composition is 25-50wt.% based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the amount of ACC enzyme herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt in the composition is 50-75wt.% based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the amount of ACC enzyme herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt in the composition is 75-99wt.% based on the total weight of the composition.

[0071] In some embodiments, the agriculturally acceptable carrier is selected from a surfactant, a solid carrier, a liquid carrier, and combinations thereof.

[0072] Examples of suitable surfactants include, but are not limited to, nonionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric types, such as alkoxylated fatty alcohols, ethoxylated polysorbates (e.g., tween 20), ethoxylated castor oil, lignin sulfonates, fatty acid sulfonates (e.g., lauryl sulfonates), phosphates (e.g., phosphates of alcohol alkoxylates), phosphates of alkylphenol alkoxylates and phosphates of styrylphenol ethoxylates, condensates of sulfonated naphthalene and naphthalene derivatives with formaldehyde, condensates of naphthalene or naphthalenesulfonic acid with phenol and formaldehyde, alkylarylsulfonates, ethoxylated alkylphenols and arylphenols, polyvinyl alcohol, sorbitol esters, alkali metals, sodium salts of lignin sulfonates, tristyrylphenol ethoxylate phosphates, aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymers, graft copolymers, and polyvinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymers. Other surfactants known in the art may be used as needed.

[0073] Examples of suitable liquid carriers that can be used in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, water; aromatic hydrocarbons, such as alkylbenzenes and alkylnaphthalenes, etc.; alcohols, such as methanol, cyclohexanol and decanol; ethylene glycol; propylene glycol; dipropylene glycol; N,N-dimethylformamide; dimethyl sulfoxide; dimethylacetamide; N-alkylpyrrolidones, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; paraffins; various oils, such as olive oil, castor oil, linseed oil, tung oil, sesame oil, corn oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil or coconut oil; fatty acid esters; ketones, such as cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, isophorone and 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone; and the like.

[0074] Examples of suitable solid carriers for use in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, minerals such as silica gel, silicates, talc, kaolin, mica, kaolin, limestone, bentonite, lime, chalk, red basalt, sodium sulfate, loess, clay, dolomite, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and sodium sulfate; land synthetic materials; fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea and plant-derived products such as cereal flour, bark flour, wood flour and nut shell flour; cellulose powder; and other solid carriers.

[0075] In some embodiments, the herbicidal composition further comprises at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of a wetting agent, an antifoaming agent, a binder, a neutralizing agent, a thickener, a binder, a chelating agent, a fertilizer, and an antifreeze agent.

[0076] The herbicide composition used in the method of the present invention can be prepared at the time of use or diluted at the time of use. The composition can also be a ready-to-use composition.

[0077] The herbicidal composition used in the method of the invention can be used or prepared in any conventional form, for example, in a two-pack form, or for example as a wettable powder (WP), emulsion concentrate (EC), microemulsion concentrate (MEC), water-soluble powder (SP), water-soluble concentrate (SL), suspoemulsion (SE), dispersible oil suspension (OD), concentrated emulsion (BW) such as oil-in-water emulsion or water-in-oil emulsion, sprayable solution or emulsion, capsule suspension (CS), suspension concentrate (SC), suspension concentrate powder (DP), oil-miscible solution (OL), granules in the form of microgranules, spray granules, coated granules and absorption granules (GR), granules for soil fertilization or broadcasting, water-soluble granules (SG), water-dispersible granules (WDG), ULV formulations, microcapsules or waxes. These individual formulation types are known in the art.

[0078] The composition used in the method of the present invention can also be formulated as a seed treatment composition. For seed treatment, the composition can be formulated in the following various forms: powder for dry seed treatment (DS), gel for dry seed treatment (GF), water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment (WS), water soluble powder for seed treatment (SS), solution for seed treatment (LS), emulsion for seed treatment (ES), suspension concentrate (SC), flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS), capsule suspension (CS), seeds coated with pesticides (PS).

[0079] Preferably, the composition for seed treatment is formulated in the following various forms: emulsion (ES) for seed treatment, suspension concentrate (SC), flowable concentrate (FS) for seed treatment and capsule suspension (CS). Such compositions can be formulated using agriculturally acceptable carriers, surfactants or other convenient application adjuvants commonly used in formulation technology and formulation techniques known in the art.

[0080] Aqueous use forms can be prepared from emulsion concentrates, suspensions, pastes, wettable powders or water-dispersible granules by adding water. To prepare emulsions, pastes or oil dispersions, the composition itself or the components dissolved in an oil or solvent can be homogenized in water by means of a wetting agent, thickener, dispersant or emulsifier. Alternatively, concentrates comprising active ingredient, wetting agent, thickener, dispersant or emulsifier and, if desired, solvent or oil can also be prepared, which are suitable for dilution with water.

[0081] The seed dressing composition can be applied to seeds by being formulated into a suitable seed dressing composition form (as discussed above) with safener and diluent. The seed dressing composition can contain a single active ingredient or a combination of active ingredients in, for example, encapsulated form. In certain embodiments, based on the gross weight of the composition, the barrel-mixed composition used for seed treatment can include 1-85wt.% of herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt, and the remainder of the composition includes solid or liquid adjuvants (including, for example, solvents, surfactants, etc.). Based on the gross weight of the composition, the typical premixed composition used for seed treatment can include 0.5-99.9wt.% of herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt, and the remainder of the composition includes solid or liquid adjuvants (including, for example, solvents, surfactants, etc.).

[0082] In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 1 g / ha to 600 g / ha. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 1 g / ha to 500 g / ha. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 1 g / ha to 300 g / ha. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 80 g / ha to 300 g / ha. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 125 g / ha. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 350 g / ha to 500 g / ha.

[0083] In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 0.1 liter / ha to 300 liters / ha. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 100 liters / ha to 300 liters / ha. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of about 200 liters / ha. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 0.1 liter / ha to 10 liters / ha. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 0.2 liters / ha to 5 liters / ha. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied at a rate of 1.25L / ha.

[0084] In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture can be applied to the seeds of sorghum crops as a seed treatment before planting. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied to the seeds at a rate of 0.1 g / 100 kg seed to 1000 g / 100 kg seed. In some embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied to the seeds at a rate of 1 g / 100 kg seed to 750 g / 100 kg seed. In further embodiments, the herbicide mixture is applied to the seeds at a rate of 30 g / 100 kg seed to 300 g / 100 kg seed.

[0085] In some embodiments, the method comprises applying two or more safeners to an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop or seed thereof. In some embodiments, the method comprises treating an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop or seed thereof with a mixture of two or more safeners.

[0086] In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide and / or safener is applied to an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, a locus of an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, and / or propagation material of an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop.

[0087] In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide and / or isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied to the site of undesirable vegetation before emergence. In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide and / or isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied to the site of undesirable vegetation after emergence.

[0088] The ratio of administration of the combination may vary depending upon the desired effect.

[0089] In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate that will inhibit the growth of the ACCase tolerant sorghum crop if the ACCase herbicide is applied in the absence of isoxadifen, an ester or salt thereof.

[0090] In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 10 g / ha to about 250 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 10 g / ha to about 200 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 10 g / ha to about 150 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 10 g / ha to about 75 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 10 g / ha to about 10 g / ha.

[0091] In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of 2 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of 6 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of 18 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of 54 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of 162 g / ha.

[0092] In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of 2.2 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of 6.6 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of 19.7 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of 54.9 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of 177.3 g / ha.

[0093] In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 25g / ha to about 250g / ha. In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 25g / ha to about 50g / ha. In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 50g / ha to about 250g / ha. In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 50g / ha to about 100g / ha. In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 100g / ha to about 200g / ha. In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 200g / ha to about 250g / ha. In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 30g / ha to about 70g / ha. In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 5g / ha. In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 10g / ha. In some embodiments, ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 15g / ha. In some embodiments, herbicide is applied at a rate of about 20g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 30 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 40 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 50 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 60 g / ha. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied at a rate of about 70 g / ha.

[0094] In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 1g / ha to about 150g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 1g / ha to about 100g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 5g / ha to about 50g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 1g / ha to about 12.5g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 12.5g / ha to about 25g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 25g / ha to about 50g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 50g / ha to about 100g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 100g / ha to about 150g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 12.5 g / ha to about 100 g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 12.5 g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 25 g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of about 50 g / ha. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a rate of 100 g / ha.

[0095] In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied to the seeds of ACC enzyme tolerant sorghum crops. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a ratio of 0.1g to 5g safener / kg seed. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a ratio of 0.5g to 2g safener / kg seed. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a ratio of 0.5g to 1g safener / kg seed. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a ratio of 1g to 2g safener / kg seed. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a ratio of 0.5g safener / kg seed. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a ratio of 1g safener / kg seed. In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied at a ratio of 2g safener / kg seed.

[0096] In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt are applied simultaneously, separately or sequentially. In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt are applied simultaneously in a tank-mix formulation.

[0097] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of isoxadiazine, its ester or salt to the ACCase herbicide in the tank-mix formulation is from about 1:1 to about 1:5.

[0098] In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide is applied one to three times during the growing season.

[0099] In some embodiments, ACC enzyme herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt are prepared as separate formulations, and the separate formulation is applied as is or diluted to a predetermined concentration. In other embodiments, ACC enzyme herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt are prepared as separate formulations, and these formulations are mixed when diluted to a predetermined concentration. In other embodiments, ACC enzyme herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt are prepared as separate formulations, and these formulations are mixed as a barrel mix before or after being diluted to a predetermined concentration. In other embodiments, ACC enzyme herbicide and isoxadifen, its ester or salt are prepared together, and the formulation is applied as is, or the formulation is diluted to a predetermined concentration.

[0100] In some embodiments, the ACCase herbicide and / or isoxadiazole, its esters or salts are applied via foliar application, base application, soil application, soil incorporation, soil injection, or seed treatment.

[0101] In some embodiments, isoxadiazine, an ester or salt thereof is applied 7 days, 6 days, 5 days, 4 days, 3 days, 2 days, or 1 day prior to the application of the ACCase herbicide.

[0102] In some embodiments, isoxadifen, an ester or salt thereof is applied 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, or 4 days after the application of the ACCase herbicide.

[0103] In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its ester or salt is applied concurrently with the application of the ACCase herbicide.

[0104] In some embodiments, isoxadiazine, its ester or salt and the ACCase herbicide are applied on the same day.

[0105] In certain embodiments, the rate of metabolism of the ACCase herbicide in the ACCase tolerant sorghum crop is greater than 3 days, 5 days, 10 days, 20 days, 30 days, or 50 days.

[0106] The present invention also provides a method for reducing the herbicide effect of an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide in an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, the method comprising applying isoxadifen, its ester or salt to plants and / or seeds of the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, thereby reducing the herbicide effect in the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop compared to the herbicide effect in the same sorghum crop to which is not applied isoxadifen, its ester or salt.

[0107] In some embodiments, isoxadiazine, an ester or salt thereof is applied to the ACCase tolerant sorghum crop 7 days, 6 days, 5 days, 4 days, 3 days, 2 days, or 1 day prior to the application of the ACCase herbicide.

[0108] In some embodiments, isoxadiazine, an ester or salt thereof is applied to the ACCase tolerant sorghum crop 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, or 4 days after the ACCase herbicide application.

[0109] In some embodiments, isoxadifen, its esters or salts are applied to an ACCase tolerant sorghum crop concurrently with the application of an ACCase herbicide.

[0110] In some embodiments, isoxadiazine, an ester or salt thereof and an ACCase herbicide are applied to an ACCase tolerant sorghum crop on the same day.

[0111] The present invention also provides a method for increasing the tolerance of an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop to an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide, wherein the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop is treated with isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof.

[0112] Preferably, the herbicidal composition used in the method of the present invention comprises (i) a mixture of quizalofop-p-ethyl and isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof, and (ii) at least one agriculturally acceptable carrier.

[0113] Each embodiment disclosed herein is contemplated to be applicable to each other disclosed embodiment. Therefore, all combinations of the various elements described herein are within the scope of the invention. In addition, the elements set forth in the mixture embodiments can be used in the compositions, methods, uses, kits, and sorghum crop embodiments described herein, and vice versa.

[0114] Examples are provided below to facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of this theme. The following examples illustrate exemplary modes for making and implementing this theme. However, the scope of this theme is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in these examples, which are only for illustrative purposes. Based on considerations of the specification and examples, other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The specification including the examples is intended to be considered as exemplary only, without limiting the scope and spirit of this theme.

[0115] All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

[0116] The following examples illustrate the practice of the subject matter of the present invention in some of its embodiments and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the subject matter of the present invention. Based on considerations of the specification and examples, other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The specification including the examples is intended to be considered as exemplary only, without limiting the scope and spirit of the subject matter.

[0117] Experimental details

[0118] Example 1: Effects of quizalofop-p-ethyl and safener on ACCase-tolerant sorghum

[0119] Tolerant sorghum

[0120] Seeds of the proprietary ACCase-tolerant sorghum variety BTX430-CHR-ACC1 (ATCC deposit PTA-125106, mutation W1999C) are supplied by S&W. The BTX430-CHR-ACC1 sorghum cultivar contains a single mutation that confers ACCase tolerance in the ACCase gene: an amino acid substitution (W1999C; SEQ ID NO:7 disclosed in WO 2018 / 222715, i.e., a sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:6 herein) at amino acid position 1999 with tryptophan to cysteine ​​compared to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6 (as disclosed in WO 2018 / 222715, i.e., a sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:6 herein). This mutation provides tolerance to quizalofop-ethyl.

[0121] Growth conditions, materials, and methods

[0122] ACCase-tolerant sorghum seeds (S&W, Line ID: T19-90001) were planted in commercial greenhouse soil mix in approximately 8 cm square pots.

[0123] Plants were started in the greenhouse and, when temperatures were favorable for sorghum growth, placed outdoors at ambient air temperatures.

[0124] Provide soil fertility and water as needed.

[0125] Plants were grown to 10 to 13, 15-18, 20 to 25 and 30 to 35 cm height for treatment.

[0126] Herbicide and safener application

[0127] Typically, plants were treated with formulated Quizalofop-P-ethyl or ADM.7000.H.2.A (Quizalofop-P-ethyl + Isoxadiazine, manufactured by ADAMA) as shown below with a spray volume of 235 l / ha via a mobile nozzle spray system. The safener was premixed in the ADM.7000.H.2.A formulation. The herbicide was applied with a 1% v / v crop oil concentrate according to the standard recommended application of Quizalofop-P-ethyl.

[0128] Methods for assessing plant damage and tolerance levels to ACCase herbicides

[0129] Sorghum plants were given a "standard weed science percentage rating" where 0 = no effect of the herbicide and 100% = complete plant death. Damage represented discoloration, stunting and deformity. Ratings were made approximately 14 days after the herbicide application. The amounts of quizalofop-p-ethyl and isoxadifen in each case are indicated in Table 2 below.

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] Table 2: X-ratings used in greenhouse experiments

[0133] The results are Figure 1 Crop response (ie, the percentage of the sorghum crop exhibiting phytotoxicity) was plotted against the X-rating as shown in FIG. Figure 1 It is clearly shown that there is a significant reduction in crop response when isoxadifen is used.

[0134] Further field experiments were conducted to confirm the above results and to test whether the mixture of quizalofop-ethyl and isoxadifen maintains excellent control of different weeds.

[0135] The effects on sorghum plants infested with deciduous grass (Sorghum bicolor) were examined using different amounts of quizalofop-p-ethyl and isoxadifen. Table 3 shows the results after 7 days.

[0136]

[0137] Table 3

[0138] The effects on sorghum plants infested with Setaria viridis and Panicum miliace were examined using different amounts of quizalofop-p-ethyl and isoxadifen. Table 4 shows the results after 33 days.

[0139]

[0140] Table 4

[0141] In a second experiment, the effects on sorghum plants infested with Setaria were examined using different amounts of quizalofop-p-ethyl and isoxadiazine. Table 5 shows the results after 27 days.

[0142]

[0143] Table 5

[0144] In all cases, phytotoxicity was significantly reduced, and in all cases, no phytotoxicity was observed at conventional quizalofop-p-ethyl application levels. These results are surprising, especially considering that weed control was maintained at the same time; in some cases, it was even slightly increased (see the results for X-1 and X-2 in Table 3). Sequence Listing <110> Adama Agan Ltd. <120> Use of safeners to improve tolerance of ACCase-tolerant sorghum crops to herbicides <130> 4.292 <150> US 63 / 042,019 <151> 2020-06-22 <160> 9 <170> PatentIn Version 3.5 <210> 1 <211> 1863 <212> DNA <213> Artificial sequence <220> <223> Synthetic polynucleotides <220> <221> Features not yet classified <223> ACC1 (TGG to TGC) <400> 1 gcaaactctg gtgctaggat tggcatagct gatgaagtaa aatcttgctt ccgtgttggg 60 tggtctgacg aaggcagccc tgagcgaggg tttcagtaca tctatctgac tgaagaagac 120 tatgcccgta ttagctcttc tgttatagca cataagctgc agctagatag cggtgaaatt 180 aggtggatta ttgactctgt tgtgggcaag gaggatgggc ttggtgttga gaacatacat ggaagtgctg ctatcgccag tgcttattct agggcatatg aggagacatt tacacttaca tttgtgaccg gacggactgt aggaatagga gcttatcttg ctagacttgg tatacggtgc 360 atacagcgtc ttgaccagcc aattatttta acagggtttt ctgccctgaa caagctcctt 420 gggcgggaag tgtacagctc ccacatgcag cttggtggtc ctaagatcat ggcgaccaat 480 ggtgttgtcc acctgactgt tccagatgac cttgaaggtg tttccaatat attgaggtgg 540 ctcagctatg ttcctgcaaa cattggtgga cctcttccta ttaccaaacc tttggaccct ccagacagac ctgttgcata catccctgag aacacatgcg atccacgtgc agccatccgt 720. ggtgtagtg acagccaagg gaaatggttg ggtggtatgt ttgacaaaga cagctttgtg gagacatttg aaggatgggc aaaaacagtg gttactggca gagcaaagct tggaggaatt cctgtgggtg tcatagctgt ggagacacag accatgatgc agcttgtccc tgctgatcca 840 ggtcagcttg attcccatga gcgatccgtt cctcgggctg gacaagtgtg cttcccagat tctgcaacca agacagctca ggcattatta gacttcaacc gtgaaggatt gcctctgttt 960 atcctggcta actggagagg tttctctggt ggacagagag atctctttga aggaattctt 1020 caggctgggt caacaattgt cgagaacctt aggacatata atcagcctgc gtttgtctac 1080 attcctatgg ctggagagct tcgtggagga gcttgggttg tggtcgatag caaaataat 1140 ccagaccgca ttgagtgtta tgctgagagg actgccaaag gtaatgttct cgaacctcaa 1200 gggttaattg aaatcaagtt caggtcagag gaactccaag actgtatggg taggcttgac 1260 cccgagttga taaatctgaa agcaaaactc caagatgtaa agcatggaaa tggaagctta 1320 ccagacatag aatcccttca gaagtata gaagcacgta cgaaacagtt gctgccttta 1380 tatacccaga ttgcaatacg gtttgctgaa ttgcatgata cttccctaag aatggcagct 1440 aaaggcgtga ttaagaaagt tgtagactgg gaagaatcac gctctttctt ctataaaagg 1500 ctacggagaa ggatctctga agatgttctt gcaaaagaaa taagacatat agtcggtgac 1560 aacttcactc accaatcagc aatggagctc atcaaggaat ggtacctggc ttctccagcc 1620 acagcaggaa gcactggatg ggatgacgat gatgcatttg ttgcctggaa ggacagtcct 1680 gaaaactaca atggatatat ccaagagcta agggctcaaa aagtgtctca gtcgctctct 1740 gatctcactg actccagttc agatctacaa gcattctcgc agggtctttc tacgctatta 1800 gataagatgg atccctctca aagagcgaag tttgttcagg aagtcaagaa ggtccttggt 1860 tga 1863 <210> 2 <211> 1863 <212> DNA <213> Artificial sequence <220> <223> Synthetic polynucleotides <220> <221> Features not yet classified <223> ACC2 (TGG to TCG) <400> 2 gcaaactctg gtgctaggat tggcatagct gatgaagtaa aatcttgctt ccgtgttggg 60 tggtctgacg aaggcagccc tgagcgaggg tttcagtaca tctatctgac tgaagaagac 120 tatgcccgta ttagctcttc tgttatagca cataagctgc agctagatag cggtgaaatt 180 aggtggatta ttgactctgt tgtgggcaag gaggatgggc ttggtgttga gaacatacat 240 ggaagtgctg ctatcgccag tgcttattct agggcatatg aggagacatt tacacttaca 300 tttgtgaccg gacggactgt aggaatagga gcttatcttg ctagacttgg tatacggtgc 360 atacagcgtc ttgaccagcc aattatttta acagggtttt ctgccctgaa caagctcctt 420 gggcgggaag tgtacagctc ccacatgcag cttggtggtc ctaagatcat ggcgaccaat 480 ggtgttgtcc acctgactgt tccagatgac cttgaaggtg tttccaatat attgaggtgg 540 ctcagctatg ttcctgcaaa cattggtgga cctcttccta ttaccaaacc tttggaccct 600 ccagacagac ctgttgcata catccctgag aacacatgcg atccacgtgc agccatccgt 660 ggtgtagatg acagccaagg gaaatggttg ggtggtatgt ttgacaaaga cagctttgtg 720 gagacatttg aaggatgggc aaaaacagtg gttactggca gagcaaagct tggaggaatt 780 cctgtgggtg tcatagctgt ggagacacag accatgatgc agcttgtccc tgctgatcca 840 ggtcagcttg attcccatga gcgatccgtt cctcgggctg gacaagtgtc gttcccagat 900 tctgcaacca agacagctca ggcattatta gacttcaacc gtgaaggatt gcctctgttt 960 atcctggcta actggagagg tttctctggt ggacagagag atctctttga aggaattctt 1020 caggctgggt caacaattgt cgagaacctt aggacatata atcagcctgc gtttgtctac 1080 attcctatgg ctggagagct tcgtggagga gcttgggttg tggtcgatag caaaataat 1140 ccagaccgca ttgagtgtta tgctgagagg actgccaaag gtaatgttct cgaacctcaa 1200 gggttaattg aaatcaagtt caggtcagag gaactccaag actgtatggg taggcttgac 1260 cccgagttga taaatctgaa agcaaaactc caagatgtaa agcatggaaa tggaagctta 1320 ccagacatag aatcccttca gaagtata gaagcacgta cgaaacagtt gctgccttta 1380 tatacccaga ttgcaatacg gtttgctgaa ttgcatgata cttccctaag aatggcagct 1440 aaaggcgtga ttaagaaagt tgtagactgg gaagaatcac gctctttctt ctataaaagg 1500 ctacggagaa ggatctctga agatgttctt gcaaaagaaa taagacatat agtcggtgac 1560 aacttcactc accaatcagc aatggagctc atcaaggaat ggtacctggc ttctccagcc 1620 1680 gaaaactaca atggatatat ccaagagcta agggctcaaa aagtgtctca gtcgctctct 1740 gatctcactg actccagttc agatctacaa gcattctcgc agggtctttc tacgctatta 1800 gataagatgg atccctctca aagagcgaag tttgttcagg aagtcaagaa ggtccttggt 1860 tga 1863 <210> 3 <211> 1863 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Synthetic Polynucleotide <220> <221> Features Not Yet Classified <223> ACC3 (GCA to GTA) <400> 3 gcaaactctg gtgctaggat tggcatagct gatgaagtaa aatcttgctt ccgtgttggg 60 tggtctgacg aaggcagccc tgagcgaggg tttcagtaca tctatctgac tgaagaagac 120 tatgcccgta ttagctcttc tgttatagca cataagctgc agctagatag cggtgaaatt 180 aggtggatta ttgactctgt tgtgggcaag gaggatgggc ttggtgttga gaacatacat 240 ggaagtgctg ctatcgccag tgcttattct agggcatatg aggagacatt tacacttaca 300 tttgtgaccg gacggactgt aggaatagga gcttatcttg ctagacttgg tatacggtgc 360 atacagcgtc ttgaccagcc aattatttta acagggtttt ctgccctgaa caagctcctt 420 gggcgggaag tgtacagctc ccacatgcag cttggtggtc ctaagatcat ggcgaccaat 480 ggtgttgtcc acctgactgt tccagatgac cttgaaggtg tttccaatat attgaggtgg 540 ctcagctatg ttcctgcaaa cattggtgga cctcttccta ttaccaaacc tttggaccct 600 ccagacagac ctgttgcata catccctgag aacacatgcg atccacgtgc agccatccgt 660 ggtgtagatg acagccaagg gaaatggttg ggtggtatgt ttgacaaaga cagctttgtg 720 gagacatttg aaggatgggc aaaaacagtg gttactggca gagcaaagct tggaggaatt 780 cctgtgggtg tcatagctgt ggagacacag accatgatgc agcttgtccc tgctgatcca 840 ggtcagcttg attcccatga gcgatccgtt cctcgggctg gacaagtgtc gttcccagat 900 tctgtaacca agacagctca ggcattatta gacttcaacc gtgaaggatt gcctctgttt 960 atcctggcta actggagagg tttctctggt ggacagagag atctctttga aggaattctt 1020 caggctgggt caacaattgt cgagaacctt aggacatata atcagcctgc gtttgtctac 1080 attcctatgg ctggagagct tcgtggagga gcttgggttg tggtcgatag caaaataaat 1140 ccagaccgca ttgagtgtta tgctgagagg actgccaaag gtaatgttct cgaacctcaa 1200 gggttaattg aaatcaagtt caggtcagag gaactccaag actgtatggg taggcttgac 1260 cccgagttga taaatctgaa agcaaaactc caagatgtaa agcatggaaa tggaagtcta 1320 ccagacatag aatcccttca gaagagtata gaagcacgta cgaaacagtt gctgccttta 1380 tatacccaga ttgcaatacg gtttgctgaa ttgcatgata cttccctaag aatggcagct 1440 aaaggcgtga ttaagaaagt tgtagactgg gaagaatcac gctctttctt ctataaaagg 1500 ctacggagaa ggatctctga agatgttctt gcaaaagaaa taagacatat agtcggtgac 1560 aacttcactc accaatcagc aatggagctc atcaaggaat ggtacctggc ttctccagcc 1620 acagcaggaa gcactggatg ggatgacgat gatgcatttg ttgcctggaa ggacagtcct 1680 gaaaactaca atggatatat ccaagagcta agggctcaaa aagtgtctca gtcgctctct 1740 gatctcactg actccagttc agatctacaa gcattctcgc agggtctttc tacgctatta 1800 gataagatgg atccctctca aagagcgaag tttgttcagg aagtcaagaa ggtccttggt 1860 tga 1863 <210> 4 <211> 1863 <212> DNA <213> Artificial sequence <220> <223> Synthetic polynucleotide <220> <221> Feature not yet classified <223> ACC4 (TGG to TCG) <400> 4 gcaaactctg gtgctaggat tggcatagct gatgaagtaa aatcttgctt ccgtgttggg 60 tggtctgacg aaggcagccc tgagcgaggg tttcagtaca tctatctgac tgaagaagac 120 tatgcccgta ttagctcttc tgttatagca cataagctgc agctagatag cggtgaaatt 180 aggtggatta ttgactctgt tgtgggcaag gaggatgggc ttggtgttga gaacatacat 240 ggaagtgctg ctatcgccag tgcttattct agggcatatg aggagacatt tacacttaca 300 tttgtgaccg gacggactgt aggaatagga gcttatcttg ctagacttgg tatacggtgc 360 atacagcgtc ttgaccagcc aattatttta acagggtttt ctgccctgaa caagctcctt 420 gggcgggaag tgtacagctc ccacatgcag cttggtggtc ctaagatcat ggcgaccaat 480 ggtgttgtcc acctgactgt tccagatgac cttgaaggtg tttccaatat attgaggtgg 540 ctcagctatg ttcctgcaaa cattggtgga cctcttccta ttaccaaacc tttggaccct 600 ccagacagac ctgttgcata catccctgag aacacatgcg atccacgtgc agccatccgt 660 ggtgtagatg acagccaagg gaaatggttg ggtggtatgt ttgacaaaga cagctttgtg 720 gagacatttg aaggatgggc aaaaacagtg gttactggca gagcaaagct tggaggaatt 780 cctgtgggtg tcatagctgt ggagacacag accatgatgc agcttgtccc tgctgatcca 840 ggtcagcttg attcccatga gcgatccgtt cctcgggctg gacaagtgtc gttcccagat 900 tctgtaacca agacagctca ggcattatta gacttcaacc gtgaaggatt gcctctgttt 960 atcctggcta actcgagagg tttctctggt ggacagagag atctctttga aggaattctt 1020 caggctgggt caacaattgt cgagaacctt aggacatata atcagcctgc gtttgtctac 1080 attcctatgg ctggagagct tcgtggagga gcttgggttg tggtcgatag caaaataaat 1140 ccagaccgca ttgagtgtta tgctgagagg actgccaaag gtaatgttct cgaacctcaa 1200 gggttaattg aaatcaagtt caggtcagag gaactccaag actgtatggg taggcttgac 1260 cccgagttga taaatctgaa agcaaaactc caagatgtaa agcatggaaa tggaagtcta 1320 ccagacatag aatcccttca gaagagtata gaagcacgta cgaaacagtt gctgccttta 1380 tatacccaga ttgcaatacg gtttgctgaa ttgcatgata cttccctaag aatggcagct 1440 aaaggcgtga ttaagaaagt tgtagactgg gaagaatcac gctctttctt ctataaaagg 1500 ctacggagaa ggatctctga agatgttctt gcaaaagaaa taagacatat agtcggtgac 1560 aacttcactc accaatcagc aatggagctc atcaaggaat ggtacctggc ttctccagcc 1620 acagcaggaa gcactggatg ggatgacgat gatgcatttg ttgcctggaa ggacagtcct 1680 gaaaactaca atggatatat ccaagagcta agggctcaaa aagtgtctca gtcgctctct 1740 gatctcactg actccagttc agatctacaa gcattctcgc agggtctttc tacgctatta 1800 gataagatgg atccctctca aagagcgaag tttgttcagg aagtcaagaa ggtccttggt 1860 tga 1863 <210> 5 <211> 620 <212> PRT <213> Sorghum <220> <221> Features not yet classified <223> Sorghum wild-type CT domain sequence <400> 5 Ala Asn Ser Gly Ala Arg Ile Gly Ile Ala Asp Glu Val Lys Ser Cys 1 5 10 15 Phe Arg Val Gly Trp Ser Asp Glu Gly Ser Pro Glu Arg Gly Phe Gln 20 25 30 Tyr Ile Tyr Leu Thr Glu Glu Asp Tyr Ala Arg Ile Ser Ser Ser Val 35 40 45 Ile Ala His Lys Leu Gln Leu Asp Ser Gly Glu Ile Arg Trp Ile Ile 50 55 60 Asp Ser Val Val Gly Lys Glu Asp Gly Leu Gly Val Glu Asn Ile His 65 70 75 80 Gly Ser Ala Ala Ile Ala Ser Ala Tyr Ser Arg Ala Tyr Glu Glu Thr 85 90 95 Phe Thr Leu Thr Phe Val Thr Gly Arg Thr Val Gly Ile Gly Ala Tyr 100 105 110 Leu Ala Arg Leu Gly Ile Arg Cys Ile Gln Arg Leu Asp Gln Pro Ile 115 120 125 Ile Leu Thr Gly Phe Ser Ala Leu Asn Lys Leu Leu Gly Arg Glu Val 130 135 140 Tyr Ser Ser His Met Gln Leu Gly Gly Pro Lys Ile Met Ala Thr Asn 145 150 155 160 Gly Val Val His Leu Thr Val Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Gly Val Ser Asn 165 170 175 Ile Leu Arg Trp Leu Ser Tyr Val Pro Ala Asn Ile Gly Gly Pro Leu 180 185 190 Pro Ile Thr Lys Pro Leu Asp Pro Pro Asp Arg Pro Val Ala Tyr Ile 195 200 205 Pro Glu Asn Thr Cys Asp Pro Arg Ala Ala Ile Arg Gly Val Asp Asp 210 215 220 Ser Gln Gly Lys Trp Leu Gly Gly Met Phe Asp Lys Asp Ser Phe Val 225 230 235 240 Glu Thr Phe Glu Gly Trp Ala Lys Thr Val Val Thr Gly Arg Ala Lys 245 250 255 Leu Gly Gly Ile Pro Val Gly Val Ile Ala Val Glu Thr Gln Thr Met 260 265 270 Met Gln Leu Val Pro Ala Asp Pro Gly Gln Leu Asp Ser His Glu Arg 275 280 285 Ser Val Pro Arg Ala Gly Gln Val Trp Phe Pro Asp Ser Ala Thr Lys 290 295 300 Thr Ala Gln Ala Leu Leu Asp Phe Asn Arg Glu Gly Leu Pro Leu Phe 305 310 315 320 Ile Leu Ala Asn Trp Arg Gly Phe Ser Gly Gly Gln Arg Asp Leu Phe 325 330 335 Glu Gly Ile Leu Gln Ala Gly Ser Thr Ile Val Glu Asn Leu Arg Thr 340 345 350 Tyr Asn Gln Pro Ala Phe Val Tyr Ile Pro Met Ala Gly Glu Leu Arg 355 360 365 Gly Gly Ala Trp Val Val Val Asp Ser Lys Ile Asn Pro Asp Arg Ile 370 375 380 Glu Cys Tyr Ala Glu Arg Thr Ala Lys Gly Asn Val Leu Glu Pro Gln 385 390 395 400 Gly Leu Ile Glu Ile Lys Phe Arg Ser Glu Glu Leu Gln Asp Cys Met 405 410 415 Gly Arg Leu Asp Pro Glu Leu Ile Asn Leu Lys Ala Lys Leu Gln Asp 420 425 430 Val Lys His Gly Asn Gly Ser Leu Pro Asp Ile Glu Ser Leu Gln Lys 435 440 445 Ser Ile Glu Ala Arg Thr Lys Gln Leu Leu Pro Leu Tyr Thr Gln Ile 450 455 460 Ala Ile Arg Phe Ala Glu Leu His Asp Thr Ser Leu Arg Met Ala Ala 465 470 475 480 Lys Gly Val Ile Lys Lys Val Val Asp Trp Glu Glu Ser Arg Ser Phe 485 490 495 Phe Tyr Lys Arg Leu Arg Arg Arg Ile Ser Glu Asp Val Leu Ala Lys 500 505 510 Glu Ile Arg His Ile Val Gly Asp Asn Phe Thr His Gln Ser Ala Met 515 520 525 Glu Leu Ile Lys Glu Trp Tyr Leu Ala Ser Pro Ala Thr Ala Gly Ser 530 535 540 Thr Gly Trp Asp Asp Asp Asp Ala Phe Val Ala Trp Lys Asp Ser Pro 545 550 555 560 Glu Asn Tyr Asn Gly Tyr Ile Gln Glu Leu Arg Ala Gln Lys Val Ser 565 570 575 Gln Ser Leu Ser Asp Leu Thr Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp Leu Gln Ala Phe 580 585 590 Ser Gln Gly Leu Ser Thr Leu Leu Asp Lys Met Asp Pro Ser Gln Arg 595 600 605 Ala Lys Phe Val Gln Glu Val Lys Lys Val Leu Gly 610 615 620 <210> 6 <211> 620 <212> PRT <213> Artificial sequence <220> <223> Synthetic peptides <220> <221> Features not yet classified <223> ACC1 (W1999C) <400> 6 Ala Asn Ser Gly Ala Arg Ile Gly Ile Ala Asp Glu Val Lys Ser Cys 1 5 10 15 Phe Arg Val Gly Trp Ser Asp Glu Gly Ser Pro Glu Arg Gly Phe Gln 20 25 30 Tyr Ile Tyr Leu Thr Glu Glu Asp Tyr Ala Arg Ile Ser Ser Ser Val 35 40 45 Ile Ala His Lys Leu Gln Leu Asp Ser Gly Glu Ile Arg Trp Ile Ile 50 55 60 Asp Ser Val Val Gly Lys Glu Asp Gly Leu Gly Val Glu Asn Ile His 65 70 75 80 Gly Ser Ala Ala Ile Ala Ser Ala Tyr Ser Arg Ala Tyr Glu Glu Thr 85 90 95 Phe Thr Leu Thr Phe Val Thr Gly Arg Thr Val Gly Ile Gly Ala Tyr 100 105 110 Leu Ala Arg Leu Gly Ile Arg Cys Ile Gln Arg Leu Asp Gln Pro Ile 115 120 125 Ile Leu Thr Gly Phe Ser Ala Leu Asn Lys Leu Leu Gly Arg Glu Val 130 135 140 Tyr Ser Ser His Met Gln Leu Gly Gly Pro Lys Ile Met Ala Thr Asn 145 150 155 160 Gly Val Val His Leu Thr Val Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Gly Val Ser Asn 165 170 175 Ile Leu Arg Trp Leu Ser Tyr Val Pro Ala Asn Ile Gly Gly Pro Leu 180 185 190 Pro Ile Thr Lys Pro Leu Asp Pro Pro Asp Arg Pro Val Ala Tyr Ile 195 200 205 Pro Glu Asn Thr Cys Asp Pro Arg Ala Ala Ile Arg Gly Val Asp Asp 210 215 220 Ser Gln Gly Lys Trp Leu Gly Gly Met Phe Asp Lys Asp Ser Phe Val 225 230 235 240 Glu Thr Phe Glu Gly Trp Ala Lys Thr Val Val Thr Gly Arg Ala Lys 245 250 255 Leu Gly Gly Ile Pro Val Gly Val Ile Ala Val Glu Thr Gln Thr Met 260 265 270 Met Gln Leu Val Pro Ala Asp Pro Gly Gln Leu Asp Ser His Glu Arg 275 280 285 Ser Val Pro Arg Ala Gly Gln Val Cys Phe Pro Asp Ser Ala Thr Lys 290 295 300 Thr Ala Gln Ala Leu Leu Asp Phe Asn Arg Glu Gly Leu Pro Leu Phe 305 310 315 320 Ile Leu Ala Asn Trp Arg Gly Phe Ser Gly Gly Gln Arg Asp Leu Phe 325 330 335 Glu Gly Ile Leu Gln Ala Gly Ser Thr Ile Val Glu Asn Leu Arg Thr 340 345 350 Tyr Asn Gln Pro Ala Phe Val Tyr Ile Pro Met Ala Gly Glu Leu Arg 355 360 365 Gly Gly Ala Trp Val Val Val Asp Ser Lys Ile Asn Pro Asp Arg Ile 370 375 380 Glu Cys Tyr Ala Glu Arg Thr Ala Lys Gly Asn Val Leu Glu Pro Gln 385 390 395 400 Gly Leu Ile Glu Ile Lys Phe Arg Ser Glu Glu Leu Gln Asp Cys Met 405 410 415 Gly Arg Leu Asp Pro Glu Leu Ile Asn Leu Lys Ala Lys Leu Gln Asp 420 425 430 Val Lys His Gly Asn Gly Ser Leu Pro Asp Ile Glu Ser Leu Gln Lys 435 440 445 Ser Ile Glu Ala Arg Thr Lys Gln Leu Leu Pro Leu Tyr Thr Gln Ile 450 455 460 Ala Ile Arg Phe Ala Glu Leu His Asp Thr Ser Leu Arg Met Ala Ala 465 470 475 480 Lys Gly Val Ile Lys Lys Val Val Asp Trp Glu Glu Ser Arg Ser Phe 485 490 495 Phe Tyr Lys Arg Leu Arg Arg Arg Ile Ser Glu Asp Val Leu Ala Lys 500 505 510 Glu Ile Arg His Ile Val Gly Asp Asn Phe Thr His Gln Ser Ala Met 515 520 525 Glu Leu Ile Lys Glu Trp Tyr Leu Ala Ser Pro Ala Thr Ala Gly Ser 530 535 540 Thr Gly Trp Asp Asp Asp Asp Ala Phe Val Ala Trp Lys Asp Ser Pro 545 550 555 560 Glu Asn Tyr Asn Gly Tyr Ile Gln Glu Leu Arg Ala Gln Lys Val Ser 565 570 575 Gln Ser Leu Ser Asp Leu Thr Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp Leu Gln Ala Phe 580 585 590 Ser Gln Gly Leu Ser Thr Leu Leu Asp Lys Met Asp Pro Ser Gln Arg 595 600 605 Ala Lys Phe Val Gln Glu Val Lys Lys Val Leu Gly 610 615 620 <210> 7 <211> 620 <212> PRT <213> Artificial sequence <220> <223> Synthetic peptides <220> <221> Features not yet classified <223> ACC2 (W1999S) <400> 7 Ala Asn Ser Gly Ala Arg Ile Gly Ile Ala Asp Glu Val Lys Ser Cys 1 5 10 15 Phe Arg Val Gly Trp Ser Asp Glu Gly Ser Pro Glu Arg Gly Phe Gln 20 25 30 Tyr Ile Tyr Leu Thr Glu Glu Asp Tyr Ala Arg Ile Ser Ser Ser Val 35 40 45 Ile Ala His Lys Leu Gln Leu Asp Ser Gly Glu Ile Arg Trp Ile Ile 50 55 60 Asp Ser Val Val Gly Lys Glu Asp Gly Leu Gly Val Glu Asn Ile His 65 70 75 80 Gly Ser Ala Ala Ile Ala Ser Ala Tyr Ser Arg Ala Tyr Glu Glu Thr 85 90 95 Phe Thr Leu Thr Phe Val Thr Gly Arg Thr Val Gly Ile Gly Ala Tyr 100 105 110 Leu Ala Arg Leu Gly Ile Arg Cys Ile Gln Arg Leu Asp Gln Pro Ile 115 120 125 Ile Leu Thr Gly Phe Ser Ala Leu Asn Lys Leu Leu Gly Arg Glu Val 130 135 140 Tyr Ser Ser His Met Gln Leu Gly Gly Pro Lys Ile Met Ala Thr Asn 145 150 155 160 Gly Val Val His Leu Thr Val Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Gly Val Ser Asn 165 170 175 Ile Leu Arg Trp Leu Ser Tyr Val Pro Ala Asn Ile Gly Gly Pro Leu 180 185 190 Pro Ile Thr Lys Pro Leu Asp Pro Pro Asp Arg Pro Val Ala Tyr Ile 195 200 205 Pro Glu Asn Thr Cys Asp Pro Arg Ala Ala Ile Arg Gly Val Asp Asp 210 215 220 Ser Gln Gly Lys Trp Leu Gly Gly Met Phe Asp Lys Asp Ser Phe Val 225 230 235 240 Glu Thr Phe Glu Gly Trp Ala Lys Thr Val Val Thr Gly Arg Ala Lys 245 250 255 Leu Gly Gly Ile Pro Val Gly Val Ile Ala Val Glu Thr Gln Thr Met 260 265 270 Met Gln Leu Val Pro Ala Asp Pro Gly Gln Leu Asp Ser His Glu Arg 275 280 285 Ser Val Pro Arg Ala Gly Gln Val Ser Phe Pro Asp Ser Ala Thr Lys 290 295 300 Thr Ala Gln Ala Leu Leu Asp Phe Asn Arg Glu Gly Leu Pro Leu Phe 305 310 315 320 Ile Leu Ala Asn Trp Arg Gly Phe Ser Gly Gly Gln Arg Asp Leu Phe 325 330 335 Glu Gly Ile Leu Gln Ala Gly Ser Thr Ile Val Glu Asn Leu Arg Thr 340 345 350 Tyr Asn Gln Pro Ala Phe Val Tyr Ile Pro Met Ala Gly Glu Leu Arg 355 360 365 Gly Gly Ala Trp Val Val Val Asp Ser Lys Ile Asn Pro Asp Arg Ile 370 375 380 Glu Cys Tyr Ala Glu Arg Thr Ala Lys Gly Asn Val Leu Glu Pro Gln 385 390 395 400 Gly Leu Ile Glu Ile Lys Phe Arg Ser Glu Glu Leu Gln Asp Cys Met 405 410 415 Gly Arg Leu Asp Pro Glu Leu Ile Asn Leu Lys Ala Lys Leu Gln Asp 420 425 430 Val Lys His Gly Asn Gly Ser Leu Pro Asp Ile Glu Ser Leu Gln Lys 435 440 445 Ser Ile Glu Ala Arg Thr Lys Gln Leu Leu Pro Leu Tyr Thr Gln Ile 450 455 460 Ala Ile Arg Phe Ala Glu Leu His Asp Thr Ser Leu Arg Met Ala Ala 465 470 475 480 Lys Gly Val Ile Lys Lys Val Val Asp Trp Glu Glu Ser Arg Ser Phe 485 490 495 Phe Tyr Lys Arg Leu Arg Arg Arg Ile Ser Glu Asp Val Leu Ala Lys 500 505 510 Glu Ile Arg His Ile Val Gly Asp Asn Phe Thr His Gln Ser Ala Met 515 520 525 Glu Leu Ile Lys Glu Trp Tyr Leu Ala Ser Pro Ala Thr Ala Gly Ser 530 535 540 Thr Gly Trp Asp Asp Asp Asp Ala Phe Val Ala Trp Lys Asp Ser Pro 545 550 555 560 Glu Asn Tyr Asn Gly Tyr Ile Gln Glu Leu Arg Ala Gln Lys Val Ser 565 570 575 Gln Ser Leu Ser Asp Leu Thr Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp Leu Gln Ala Phe 580 585 590 Ser Gln Gly Leu Ser Thr Leu Leu Asp Lys Met Asp Pro Ser Gln Arg 595 600 605 Ala Lys Phe Val Gln Glu Val Lys Lys Val Leu Gly 610 615 620 <210> 8 <211> 620 <212> PRT <213> Artificial sequence <220> <223> Synthetic peptides <220> <221> Features not yet classified <223> ACC3 (A2004V) <400> 8 Ala Asn Ser Gly Ala Arg Ile Gly Ile Ala Asp Glu Val Lys Ser Cys 1 5 10 15 Phe Arg Val Gly Trp Ser Asp Glu Gly Ser Pro Glu Arg Gly Phe Gln 20 25 30 Tyr Ile Tyr Leu Thr Glu Glu Asp Tyr Ala Arg Ile Ser Ser Ser Val 35 40 45 Ile Ala His Lys Leu Gln Leu Asp Ser Gly Glu Ile Arg Trp Ile Ile 50 55 60 Asp Ser Val Val Gly Lys Glu Asp Gly Leu Gly Val Glu Asn Ile His 65 70 75 80 Gly Ser Ala Ala Ile Ala Ser Ala Tyr Ser Arg Ala Tyr Glu Glu Thr 85 90 95 Phe Thr Leu Thr Phe Val Thr Gly Arg Thr Val Gly Ile Gly Ala Tyr 100 105 110 Leu Ala Arg Leu Gly Ile Arg Cys Ile Gln Arg Leu Asp Gln Pro Ile 115 120 125 Ile Leu Thr Gly Phe Ser Ala Leu Asn Lys Leu Leu Gly Arg Glu Val 130 135 140 Tyr Ser Ser His Met Gln Leu Gly Gly Pro Lys Ile Met Ala Thr Asn 145 150 155 160 Gly Val Val His Leu Thr Val Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Gly Val Ser Asn 165 170 175 Ile Leu Arg Trp Leu Ser Tyr Val Pro Ala Asn Ile Gly Gly Pro Leu 180 185 190 Pro Ile Thr Lys Pro Leu Asp Pro Pro Asp Arg Pro Val Ala Tyr Ile 195 200 205 Pro Glu Asn Thr Cys Asp Pro Arg Ala Ala Ile Arg Gly Val Asp Asp 210 215 220 Ser Gln Gly Lys Trp Leu Gly Gly Met Phe Asp Lys Asp Ser Phe Val 225 230 235 240 Glu Thr Phe Glu Gly Trp Ala Lys Thr Val Val Thr Gly Arg Ala Lys 245 250 255 Leu Gly Gly Ile Pro Val Gly Val Ile Ala Val Glu Thr Gln Thr Met 260 265 270 Met Gln Leu Val Pro Ala Asp Pro Gly Gln Leu Asp Ser His Glu Arg 275 280 285 Ser Val Pro Arg Ala Gly Gln Val Trp Phe Pro Asp Ser Val Thr Lys 290 295 300 Thr Ala Gln Ala Leu Leu Asp Phe Asn Arg Glu Gly Leu Pro Leu Phe 305 310 315 320 Ile Leu Ala Asn Trp Arg Gly Phe Ser Gly Gly Gln Arg Asp Leu Phe 325 330 335 Glu Gly Ile Leu Gln Ala Gly Ser Thr Ile Val Glu Asn Leu Arg Thr 340 345 350 Tyr Asn Gln Pro Ala Phe Val Tyr Ile Pro Met Ala Gly Glu Leu Arg 355 360 365 Gly Gly Ala Trp Val Val Val Asp Ser Lys Ile Asn Pro Asp Arg Ile 370 375 380 Glu Cys Tyr Ala Glu Arg Thr Ala Lys Gly Asn Val Leu Glu Pro Gln 385 390 395 400 Gly Leu Ile Glu Ile Lys Phe Arg Ser Glu Glu Leu Gln Asp Cys Met 405 410 415 Gly Arg Leu Asp Pro Glu Leu Ile Asn Leu Lys Ala Lys Leu Gln Asp 420 425 430 Val Lys His Gly Asn Gly Ser Leu Pro Asp Ile Glu Ser Leu Gln Lys 435 440 445 Ser Ile Glu Ala Arg Thr Lys Gln Leu Leu Pro Leu Tyr Thr Gln Ile 450 455 460 Ala Ile Arg Phe Ala Glu Leu His Asp Thr Ser Leu Arg Met Ala Ala 465 470 475 480 Lys Gly Val Ile Lys Lys Val Val Asp Trp Glu Glu Ser Arg Ser Phe 485 490 495 Phe Tyr Lys Arg Leu Arg Arg Arg Ile Ser Glu Asp Val Leu Ala Lys 500 505 510 Glu Ile Arg His Ile Val Gly Asp Asn Phe Thr His Gln Ser Ala Met 515 520 525 Glu Leu Ile Lys Glu Trp Tyr Leu Ala Ser Pro Ala Thr Ala Gly Ser 530 535 540 Thr Gly Trp Asp Asp Asp Asp Ala Phe Val Ala Trp Lys Asp Ser Pro 545 550 555 560 Glu Asn Tyr Asn Gly Tyr Ile Gln Glu Leu Arg Ala Gln Lys Val Ser 565 570 575 Gln Ser Leu Ser Asp Leu Thr Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp Leu Gln Ala Phe 580 585 590 Ser Gln Gly Leu Ser Thr Leu Leu Asp Lys Met Asp Pro Ser Gln Arg 595 600 605 Ala Lys Phe Val Gln Glu Val Lys Lys Val Leu Gly 610 615 620 <210> 9 <211> 620 <212> PRT <213> Artificial sequence <220> <223> Synthetic peptides <220> <221> Features not yet classified <223> ACC4 (W2027S) <400> 9 Ala Asn Ser Gly Ala Arg Ile Gly Ile Ala Asp Glu Val Lys Ser Cys 1 5 10 15 Phe Arg Val Gly Trp Ser Asp Glu Gly Ser Pro Glu Arg Gly Phe Gln 20 25 30 Tyr Ile Tyr Leu Thr Glu Glu Asp Tyr Ala Arg Ile Ser Ser Ser Val 35 40 45 Ile Ala His Lys Leu Gln Leu Asp Ser Gly Glu Ile Arg Trp Ile Ile 50 55 60 Asp Ser Val Val Gly Lys Glu Asp Gly Leu Gly Val Glu Asn Ile His 65 70 75 80 Gly Ser Ala Ala Ile Ala Ser Ala Tyr Ser Arg Ala Tyr Glu Glu Thr 85 90 95 Phe Thr Leu Thr Phe Val Thr Gly Arg Thr Val Gly Ile Gly Ala Tyr 100 105 110 Leu Ala Arg Leu Gly Ile Arg Cys Ile Gln Arg Leu Asp Gln Pro Ile 115 120 125 Ile Leu Thr Gly Phe Ser Ala Leu Asn Lys Leu Leu Gly Arg Glu Val 130 135 140 Tyr Ser Ser His Met Gln Leu Gly Gly Pro Lys Ile Met Ala Thr Asn 145 150 155 160 Gly Val Val His Leu Thr Val Pro Asp Asp Leu Glu Gly Val Ser Asn 165 170 175 Ile Leu Arg Trp Leu Ser Tyr Val Pro Ala Asn Ile Gly Gly Pro Leu 180 185 190 Pro Ile Thr Lys Pro Leu Asp Pro Pro Asp Arg Pro Val Ala Tyr Ile 195 200 205 Pro Glu Asn Thr Cys Asp Pro Arg Ala Ala Ile Arg Gly Val Asp Asp 210 215 220 Ser Gln Gly Lys Trp Leu Gly Gly Met Phe Asp Lys Asp Ser Phe Val 225 230 235 240 Glu Thr Phe Glu Gly Trp Ala Lys Thr Val Val Thr Gly Arg Ala Lys 245 250 255 Leu Gly Gly Ile Pro Val Gly Val Ile Ala Val Glu Thr Gln Thr Met 260 265 270 Met Gln Leu Val Pro Ala Asp Pro Gly Gln Leu Asp Ser His Glu Arg 275 280 285 Ser Val Pro Arg Ala Gly Gln Val Trp Phe Pro Asp Ser Ala Thr Lys 290 295 300 Thr Ala Gln Ala Leu Leu Asp Phe Asn Arg Glu Gly Leu Pro Leu Phe 305 310 315 320 Ile Leu Ala Asn Ser Arg Gly Phe Ser Gly Gly Gln Arg Asp Leu Phe 325 330 335 Glu Gly Ile Leu Gln Ala Gly Ser Thr Ile Val Glu Asn Leu Arg Thr 340 345 350 Tyr Asn Gln Pro Ala Phe Val Tyr Ile Pro Met Ala Gly Glu Leu Arg 355 360 365 Gly Gly Ala Trp Val Val Val Asp Ser Lys Ile Asn Pro Asp Arg Ile 370 375 380 Glu Cys Tyr Ala Glu Arg Thr Ala Lys Gly Asn Val Leu Glu Pro Gln 385 390 395 400 Gly Leu Ile Glu Ile Lys Phe Arg Ser Glu Glu Leu Gln Asp Cys Met 405 410 415 Gly Arg Leu Asp Pro Glu Leu Ile Asn Leu Lys Ala Lys Leu Gln Asp 420 425 430 Val Lys His Gly Asn Gly Ser Leu Pro Asp Ile Glu Ser Leu Gln Lys 435 440 445 Ser Ile Glu Ala Arg Thr Lys Gln Leu Leu Pro Leu Tyr Thr Gln Ile 450 455 460 Ala Ile Arg Phe Ala Glu Leu His Asp Thr Ser Leu Arg Met Ala Ala 465 470 475 480 Lys Gly Val Ile Lys Lys Val Val Asp Trp Glu Glu Ser Arg Ser Phe 485 490 495 Phe Tyr Lys Arg Leu Arg Arg Arg Ile Ser Glu Asp Val Leu Ala Lys 500 505 510 Glu Ile Arg His Ile Val Gly Asp Asn Phe Thr His Gln Ser Ala Met 515 520 525 Glu Leu Ile Lys Glu Trp Tyr Leu Ala Ser Pro Ala Thr Ala Gly Ser 530 535 540 Thr Gly Trp Asp Asp Asp Asp Ala Phe Val Ala Trp Lys Asp Ser Pro 545 550 555 560 Glu Asn Tyr Asn Gly Tyr Ile Gln Glu Leu Arg Ala Gln Lys Val Ser 565 570 575 Gln Ser Leu Ser Asp Leu Thr Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp Leu Gln Ala Phe 580 585 590 Ser Gln Gly Leu Ser Thr Leu Leu Asp Lys Met Asp Pro Ser Gln Arg 595 600 605 Ala Lys Phe Val Gln Glu Val Lys Lys Val Leu Gly 610 615 620

Claims

1. A method for controlling unwanted vegetation near an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, the method comprising applying a) an effective amount of an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide; and b) an effective amount of isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof to the site of the unwanted vegetation to effectively control the unwanted vegetation, wherein the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide is quinazolin or quizalofop-p-butyl.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein isoxadifen, its ester or salt is isoxadifen diethyl ester.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: a. The method comprises administering a mixture of one, two or more safeners, b. applying isoxadiazine, its ester or salt and / or the herbicide to the sorghum crop, the site of the sorghum crop and / or the propagation material of the sorghum crop, c. isoxadiazole, its esters or salts and / or the herbicide is applied pre-emergence, d. isoxadiazole, its esters or salts and / or the herbicide is applied post-emergence, e. applying the herbicide at a rate of 1 g / ha to 250 g / ha, f. applying isoxadiazine, its esters or salts at a rate of 1 g / ha to 150 g / ha, or g. Applying isoxadifen, its ester or salt to the seeds of the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop at a rate of 0.1 g to 5 g safener / kg seed.

4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the herbicide is applied at a rate of 1 g / ha to 700 g / ha, and / or isoxadifen, an ester or salt thereof is applied at a rate of 0.7 g / ha to 490 g / ha.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the herbicide is applied simultaneously, separately or sequentially with isoxadifen, its ester or salt.

6. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the undesirable vegetation is a monocotyledonous plant, or a dicotyledonous plant.

7. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the undesirable vegetation is sedge.

8. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the undesirable vegetation includes sorghum and Johnson grass.

9. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the undesirable vegetation comprises Tribulus terrestris.

10. A method for reducing the plant toxicity of an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide on an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, wherein the method comprises applying an effective amount of isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof to the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, thereby effectively reducing the plant toxicity of the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide on the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop compared to the same sorghum crop to which is not applied isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof, and wherein the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide is quinazolin-butyl or quizalofop-p-ethyl.

11. A method for increasing the tolerance of an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop to an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide, the method comprising applying isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof to the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, thereby increasing the tolerance of the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop to the herbicide compared to the same sorghum crop to which is not applied isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof, wherein the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide is quinazolin or quizalofop-butyl.

12. A method for reducing the herbicide effect of an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide in an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, the method comprising applying isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof to plants and / or seeds of the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, thereby reducing the herbicide effect in the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop compared to the herbicide effect in the same sorghum crop to which isodifenadifen, an ester or a salt thereof not applied, wherein the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide is quinazolin-butyl or quizalofop-p-ethyl.

13. A method for increasing the tolerance of an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop to an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide, wherein the ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop is treated with isoxadifen, an ester or a salt thereof, and wherein the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide is quinoxaline or quizalofop-p-ethyl.

14. A method for controlling unwanted vegetation near an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, the method comprising (i) applying isoxadiazine, an ester or a salt thereof to seeds of an ACCase-tolerant sorghum crop, and (ii) applying an effective amount of an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide to the site of the unwanted vegetation so as to effectively control the unwanted vegetation, wherein the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide is quinazolin or quizalofop-p-ethyl.

Images