Indication of doppler pre-compensation in multi-transmission reception point communication

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) can receive a first reference signal from a first transmission reception point (TRP) and a second reference signal from a second TRP. The UE can estimate a first Doppler shift associated with the first TRP based on receiving the first reference signal, and can estimate a second Doppler shift associated with the second TRP based on receiving the second reference signal. In some cases, the UE can receive a first Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission from the first TRP and a second Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission from the second TRP based on a Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating whether the downlink transmissions are pre-compensated for Doppler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] In summary, the following text relates to wireless communication, and more specifically, to instructions for Doppler pre-compensation in multiple transmit-receive-point (TRP) communication. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, and broadcasting. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, improved LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each base station or network access node simultaneously supporting communication with multiple communication devices (which may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE)). Summary of the Invention

[0003] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, apparatuses, and devices for supporting indications of Doppler pre-compensation in multiple transmit-receive-point (TRP) communications. Various aspects of the described technology provide compensation for Doppler shift associated with communications between multiple TRPs and a user equipment (UE). The UE can estimate one or more Doppler metrics (e.g., Doppler shift, maximum Doppler spread, or both) for multiple TRPs based on one or more reference signals from the TRPs (e.g., tracking reference signal (TRS), synchronization block (SSB) transmission, channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)). The UE can send an indication to at least one of the TRPs indicating one or more of the estimated Doppler metrics. After the UE sends the indication of the estimated Doppler metrics, one or more TRPs can send a Doppler pre-compensation downlink transmission to the UE. For example, the TRP can send a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) transmission to the UE, which has been adjusted by the TRP to take into account the Doppler shift estimated by the UE (e.g., the Doppler frequency associated with that TRP). In some cases, the TRP can provide the UE with an indication of whether downlink communication is Doppler pre-compensated, and the UE can select the Transport Configuration Indicator (TCI) state and the associated Quasi-Co-location (QCL) relationship based on the indication of Doppler pre-compensation.

[0004] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include: estimating a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first transmit / receive point and a second Doppler frequency shift associated with a second transmit / receive point; receiving a Doppler pre-compensation indication, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of a first communication from the first transmit / receive point or a second communication from the second transmit / receive point are Doppler pre-compensated based on the first Doppler frequency shift or the second Doppler frequency shift; selecting a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication; and receiving the first communication based on the first transmission configuration indicator state and receiving the second communication based on the second transmission configuration indicator state.

[0005] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: estimate a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first transmit / receive point and a second Doppler frequency shift associated with a second transmit / receive point; receive a Doppler pre-compensation indication, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of a first communication from the first transmit / receive point or a second communication from the second transmit / receive point are based on the first Doppler frequency shift or the second Doppler frequency shift; select a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication; and receive the first communication based on the first transmission configuration indicator state and receive the second communication based on the second transmission configuration indicator state.

[0006] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include units for performing the following operations: estimating a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first transmit / receive point and a second Doppler frequency shift associated with a second transmit / receive point; receiving a Doppler pre-compensation indication, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of a first communication from the first transmit / receive point or a second communication from the second transmit / receive point are Doppler pre-compensated based on the first Doppler frequency shift or the second Doppler frequency shift; selecting a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication; and receiving the first communication based on the first transmission configuration indicator state and receiving the second communication based on the second transmission configuration indicator state.

[0007] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: estimate a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first transmit / receive point and a second Doppler frequency shift associated with a second transmit / receive point; receive a Doppler pre-compensation indication, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of a first communication from the first transmit / receive point or a second communication from the second transmit / receive point are based on the first Doppler frequency shift or the second Doppler frequency shift; select a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication; and receive the first communication based on the first transmission configuration indicator state and receive the second communication based on the second transmission configuration indicator state.

[0008] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the Doppler pre-compensation indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: receiving downlink control information from one or more of the first or second transmit / receive point, the downlink control information including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the downlink control information includes a single bit indicating that both the first and second communications are Doppler pre-compensated. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the downlink control information includes two or more bits indicating that the first communication is Doppler pre-compensated, the second communication is Doppler pre-compensated, or both the first and second communications are Doppler pre-compensated.

[0009] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the Doppler pre-compensation indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: receiving an indication of a change in a transmission configuration indicator state from one or more of the first or second transmission receiving point. Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: determining whether the indication of a change in the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with a quasi-co-located (QCL) type having a low-Doppler spread indicating Doppler pre-compensation. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a subset of transmission configuration indicator states may be configured to be associated with Doppler pre-compensation via radio resource control signaling, wherein the Doppler pre-compensation indication is determined based on whether the first or second transmission configuration indicator state is within the subset of transmission configuration indicator states. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the Doppler pre-compensation indication may be provided separately for each of the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point based on one or more active transmission configuration indicator states.

[0010] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the Doppler pre-compensation indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: receiving a Media Access Control (MAC) element from one or more of the first or second transmit / receive point, the MAC control element including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the MAC control element provides a separate Doppler pre-compensation indication for each of the first and second transmit / receive points, for each of one or more downlink channels, for each of one or more downlink reference signals, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the MAC control element includes an activation indication for one or more of the first or second transmit configuration indicator states, and an indication for Doppler pre-compensation for each transmit configuration indicator state.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the Doppler pre-compensation indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: receiving control channel communications associated with a control resource set or search space, wherein the control channel communications schedule the first and second communications; and determining whether one or more of the first or second communications are Doppler pre-compensated based on whether the control resource set or the search space is configured with Doppler pre-compensation parameters. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the control resource set or the search space may be configured with the Doppler pre-compensation parameters via radio resource control signaling.

[0012] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: receiving an indication regarding whether the first and second communications are transmitted based on a single-frequency network (SFN) configuration or a non-SFN configuration. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the SFN configuration uses Doppler pre-compensation, and the non-SFN configuration does not use Doppler pre-compensation. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the Doppler pre-compensation indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: receiving a Media Access Control (MAC) element, the MAC element including one or more bits indicating whether one or both of the SFN configuration or the non-SFN configuration use Doppler pre-compensation.

[0013] A method for wireless communication at a first transmitting / receiving point is described. The method may include: estimating a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first UE; determining that Doppler pre-compensation will be used for a first communication from the first transmitting / receiving point to the UE; sending a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of the first communication from the first transmitting / receiving point or a second communication from a second transmitting / receiving point are Doppler pre-compensated; and sending the first communication to the first UE, wherein the first communication is based on the first Doppler frequency shift and is Doppler pre-compensated.

[0014] An apparatus for wireless communication at a first transmitting / receiving point is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: estimate a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first UE; determine that Doppler pre-compensation will be used for a first communication from the first transmitting / receiving point to the UE; send a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of the first communication from the first transmitting / receiving point or a second communication from a second transmitting / receiving point are Doppler pre-compensated; and send the first communication to the first UE, wherein the first communication is based on the first Doppler frequency shift and is Doppler pre-compensated.

[0015] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a first transmitting / receiving point is described. The apparatus may include units for performing the following operations: estimating a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first UE; determining that Doppler pre-compensation will be used for a first communication from the first transmitting / receiving point to the UE; sending a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of the first communication from the first transmitting / receiving point or a second communication from a second transmitting / receiving point are Doppler pre-compensated; and sending the first communication to the first UE, wherein the first communication is based on the first Doppler frequency shift and is Doppler pre-compensated.

[0016] A non-transitory computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a first transmitting / receiving point. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: estimate a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first UE; determine that Doppler pre-compensation will be used for a first communication from the first transmitting / receiving point to the UE; send a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of the first communication from the first transmitting / receiving point or a second communication from a second transmitting / receiving point are Doppler pre-compensated; and send the first communication to the first UE, wherein the first communication is based on the first Doppler frequency shift and is Doppler pre-compensated.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the Doppler pre-compensation indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: transmitting downlink control information to the first UE, the downlink control information including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the downlink control information includes a single bit indicating that both the first communication and the second communication are Doppler pre-compensated. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the downlink control information includes two or more bits indicating that the first communication is Doppler pre-compensated, the second communication is Doppler pre-compensated, or both the first communication and the second communication are Doppler pre-compensated.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the Doppler pre-compensation indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: transmitting an indication of a change to a transmission configuration indicator state from one or more of the first or second transmission receiving point. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the indication of a change to the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with a quasi-co-located (QCL) type having a low-Doppler spread indicating Doppler pre-compensation. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a subset of transmission configuration indicator states may be configured to be associated with Doppler pre-compensation via radio resource control signaling, wherein the Doppler pre-compensation indication is based on whether the transmission configuration indicator state associated with one or more of the first and second transmission receiving points is within the subset of transmission configuration indicator states. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the Doppler pre-compensation indication may be provided separately for each of the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point based on one or more active transmission configuration indicator states.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the Doppler pre-compensation indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: transmitting a Media Access Control (MAC) control element to the first UE, the MAC control element including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the MAC control element provides a separate Doppler pre-compensation indication for each of the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point, for each of one or more downlink channels, for each of one or more downlink reference signals, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the MAC control element includes an activation indication for a first transmission configuration indicator state associated with the first transmit / receive point, and an indication for Doppler pre-compensation for the first transmission configuration indicator state.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the Doppler pre-compensation indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing: transmitting control channel communications associated with a control resource set or search space to the first UE, wherein the control channel communications schedule the first communication and the second communication, and wherein whether one or more of the first communication or the second communication is Doppler pre-compensated is determined based on whether the control resource set or the search space is configured with Doppler pre-compensation parameters. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the control resource set or the search space may be configured with the Doppler pre-compensation parameters via radio resource control signaling.

[0021] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: transmitting an indication that the first communication and the second communication may be transmitted based on a single-frequency network (SFN) configuration or a non-SFN configuration. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the SFN configuration uses Doppler pre-compensation, and the non-SFN configuration does not use Doppler pre-compensation. In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the Doppler pre-compensation indication may include operations, features, units, or instructions for performing the following: transmitting a Media Access Control (MAC) control element, the MAC control element including one or more bits indicating whether one or both of the SFN configuration or the non-SFN configuration use Doppler pre-compensation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 An example of a system for wireless communication is shown, illustrating the indication of Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication supported by various aspects of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system is shown as part of an instruction for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication supported by various aspects of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 3 An example of SFN communication with Doppler precompensation is shown, which supports the indication of Doppler precompensation in multi-TRP communication according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 4 An example of a process flow for instructing Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown, supported by various aspects of this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 5 An example of a MAC-CE is shown that supports the indication of Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure.

[0027] Figure 6 and 7 A block diagram of an apparatus for instructing Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown, in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 8 A block diagram of a communication manager is shown, illustrating the indications for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication supported by various aspects of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 9 A diagram of a system including an apparatus supporting Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 10 and 11 A block diagram of an apparatus for instructing Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown, in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 12 A block diagram of a communication manager is shown, illustrating the indications for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication supported by various aspects of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure 13 A diagram of a system including an apparatus supporting Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown, according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0033] Figures 14 to 19 A flowchart illustrating a method for instructing Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication in support of various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In some wireless communication systems, a user equipment (UE) may support communication with multiple transmit / receive points (TRPs) (e.g., in a multi-TRP configuration). For example, the wireless communication system may include a cell associated with multiple TRPs, where the UE can communicate with the cell through more than one TRP. Alternatively, the wireless communication device may include a cell associated with a remote radio head (RRH), where the UE can communicate with the TRP through more than one RRH. For example, the UE can receive single-frequency network (SFN) transmissions from multiple TRPs (or multiple RRHs). That is, the UE can receive multiple instances of transmissions from each of the multiple TRPs and use them to decode a single downlink transmission. Additionally, the UE may be moving relative to one or more of the TRPs. Therefore, communication between the UE and each of the TRPs may be associated with Doppler shift or Doppler spread. In some cases, the Doppler effect of communication between the UE and multiple TRPs may be inconsistent from one TRP to another. That is, communication between the UE and the first TRP may experience a greater Doppler shift than communication between the UE and the second TRP. In some cases, the variable Doppler effect on communication between the UE and multiple TRPs may degrade the communication between the UE and multiple TRPs (e.g., reduce the reliability of the communication).

[0035] In some cases, the UE can indicate to one or more of a plurality of TRPs an estimated Doppler effect associated with each TRP (e.g., estimated Doppler shift, estimated maximum Doppler spread). For example, the UE can receive a first reference signal (e.g., Tracking Reference Signal (TRS), Synchronization Block (SSB) transmission, Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)) from a first TRP and a second reference signal from a second TRP. Based on the received reference signals, the UE can estimate aspects of the channel between each TRP and the UE (e.g., Doppler shift, Doppler spread). For example, the UE can estimate a first Doppler shift associated with a first TRP based on the first reference signal, and can estimate a second Doppler shift associated with a second TRP based on the second reference signal. The UE can then send a first indication of the estimated Doppler effect to one or more of the plurality of TRPs (e.g., by indicating the estimated Doppler shift or the estimated Doppler spread). For example, the UE can (e.g., to a first TRP, to a second TRP, or to both the first and second TRPs) send a first indication of a first Doppler frequency shift and a second indication of a second Doppler frequency shift. In some examples, the UE can support communication with multiple RRHs located in different geographical locations within a single TRP. Here, the UE can receive a first reference signal from a first RRH of the first TRP and a second reference signal from a second RRH of the second TRP, wherein the first TRP and the second TRP are the same TRP.

[0036] Based on the received indication of the estimated Doppler effect, one or more TRPs in a TRP can pre-compensate downlink transmissions (e.g., before sending downlink transmissions to the UE) to account for the estimated Doppler effect associated with that TRP. Therefore, the UE can receive downlink communication from a TRP that has been Doppler pre-compensated. In some cases, this can reduce the Doppler effect of downlink communication received by the UE from multiple TRPs, thereby enhancing downlink performance.

[0037] In some cases, one or more TRPs in a TRP can provide an indication of whether downlink communication from a TRP (or multiple TRPs) is Doppler precompensated. In some cases, such an indication can be provided by explicit indication in the downlink control information (DCI) that schedules the communication (e.g., a flag or bitmap providing an indication of whether Doppler precompensation is used, which of the multiple TRPs is using Doppler precompensation, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the indication of Doppler precompensation can be implicit, provided by a TCI state change (e.g., a TCI state change to a different TCI state index such that the new TCI state has a QCL type with “low Doppler extension,” or a change to a TCI where the RRC parameter “DL_Doppler_PreCompensation” is set to enabled). In further cases, the indication of Doppler precompensation can be provided in the media access control (MAC) control element (CE), where the UE can receive MAC-CE activation indicating that downlink transmissions are Doppler precompensated. In a further context, indications for Doppler precompensation can be provided based on the control resource set (CORESET), the search space (SS) for scheduling downlink communications, or a combination thereof. Alternatively, one or more TRPs can provide joint indications for Doppler precompensation for SFN and / or non-SFN communications with the UE (e.g., based on rules regarding whether SFN / non-SFN are Doppler precompensated, or based on indications in the MAC-CE that activates multi-TRP communications).

[0038] Various aspects of the subject matter described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. The techniques employed by the described UE can provide benefits and enhancements to the operation of the UE. For example, the operations performed by the UE can provide improvements in the reliability and efficiency of receiving and decoding communications from multiple TRPs, where Doppler pre-compensation can help reduce the likelihood of decoding errors due to uncompensated frequency shifts. Such techniques may be useful in various situations, such as when the UE is traveling at a relatively high speed relative to one or more TRPs (e.g., in a high-speed train (HST) scenario) and the received signals may have a relatively large Doppler frequency shift. The described techniques can therefore include features for improving the reliability and efficiency of communications.

[0039] The various aspects of this disclosure are first described in the context of wireless communication systems. Various examples of multi-TRP communication and processes are then discussed. These aspects are further illustrated by apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to indications of Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication, and are described with reference to these diagrams.

[0040] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting indications for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an improved LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, or communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0041] Base stations 105 can be distributed throughout a geographical area to form a wireless communication system 100, and can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UE 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 can provide a coverage area 110, and UE 115 and base station 105 can establish one or more communication links 125 on the coverage area 110. Coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographical area where base station 105 and UE 115 can support signal transmission according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0042] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the entire coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary, mobile, or both at different times. UE 115 can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UE 115s are shown in the document. The UE 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s, base station 105, or network devices (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network devices), such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0043] Base station 105 can communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or perform both of these operations. For example, base station 105 can be interface-connected to core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). Base station 105 can communicate directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105) on backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces), or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130), or perform both of these operations. In some examples, backhaul link 120 can be or includes one or more radio links.

[0044] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include, or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as, base station transceiver, wireless base station, access point, wireless transceiver, node B, evolved node B (eNB), next-generation node B or gigabit node B (any of which may be referred to as gNB), home node B, home evolved node B, or some other suitable term.

[0045] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or some other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various items such as electrical appliances, vehicles, instruments, etc.

[0046] The UE 115 described in this document may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that can sometimes act as repeaters, as well as base station 105 and network devices, including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown.

[0047] UE 115 and base station 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) that operates according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 can be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0048] In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), the carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling to coordinate the operation of other carriers. The carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be positioned according to a channel grid for discovery by UE 115. The carrier may operate in standalone mode, where UE 115 performs initial acquisition and connection via the carrier, or the carrier may operate in non-standalone mode, where different carriers (e.g., the same or different radio access technologies) are used to anchor the connection.

[0049] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include uplink transmission from UE 115 to base station 105, or downlink transmission from base station 105 to UE 115. The carrier may carry downlink or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode) or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0050] The signal waveform transmitted on a carrier can consist of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multicarrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) or Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Spectrum OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM). In a system employing MCM, a resource element can include a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element can depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Therefore, the more resource elements UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate can be for UE 115. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers can further increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0051] The time intervals for base station 105 or UE 115 can be represented as multiples of a basic time unit (which can, for example, be a sampling period of Ts = 1 / (Δfmax·Nf) seconds, where Δfmax can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing and Nf can represent the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size). The time intervals for communication resources can be organized according to radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a system frame number (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0052] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., this depends on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0053] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst form of a shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0054] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier using various techniques. For example, one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels on a downlink carrier. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for physical control channels can be defined by the number of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) can be configured for a group of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 can monitor or search for control regions for control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates arranged in a concatenated manner at one or more aggregation levels. The aggregation level for control channel candidates can refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include a common search space set configured to send control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set used to send control information to a specific UE 115.

[0055] Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used (e.g., on a carrier) to communicate with base station 105 and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish adjacent cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID), or other identifier). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a geographic coverage area 110 or a portion of geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors (such as the capabilities of base station 105), the range of such cells can range from small areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to large areas. For example, a cell may be or include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping geographic coverage areas 110.

[0056] Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UE 115 with a service subscription to a network provider supporting the macro cell. In contrast, small cells can be associated with a lower-power base station 105 and can operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells can provide unrestricted access to UE 115 with a service subscription to a network provider, or restricted access to UE 115 associated with the small cell (e.g., UE 115 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), or UE 115 associated with a user in a residence or office). Base station 105 can support one or more cells and can also support communication on one or more cells using one or more component carriers.

[0057] In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells and can be configured with different cells based on different protocol types that can provide access for different types of devices (e.g., MTC, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)).

[0058] In some examples, base station 105 may be mobile, and therefore provide communication coverage for mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. Wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network, in which different types of base stations 105 use the same or different wireless access technologies to provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0059] The wireless communication system 100 can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, base stations 105 can have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations 105 can be approximately time-aligned. For asynchronous operation, base stations 105 can have different frame timing, and in some examples, transmissions from different base stations 105 may not be time-aligned. The techniques described herein can be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operation.

[0060] Wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or mission-critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication can include private or group communication and can be supported by one or more mission-critical services (such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData)). Support for mission-critical functions can include service prioritization, and mission-critical services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0061] In some examples, UE 115 may be able to communicate directly with other UE 115s on a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocols). One or more UEs 115s utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UEs 115s in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or otherwise unable to receive transmissions from base station 105. In some examples, groups of UEs 115s communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115s without involving base station 105.

[0062] Core network 130 can provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and can include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function (AMF)) managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)) routing packets to or interconnecting with external networks. The control plane entity can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UE 115 served by base station 105 associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be transmitted through the user plane entity, which can provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity can connect to network operator IP service 150. Carrier IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0063] Some network devices (e.g., base station 105) may include sub-components such as access network entity 140, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145 (which may be referred to as a radio headend, smart radio headend, or TRP). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across individual network devices (e.g., radio headends and ANCs) or incorporated into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0064] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands (typically in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz). The region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is often referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelength range extends from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but the waves can be sufficiently permeable to penetrate structures for use in macrocells to provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to the transmission of smaller frequencies and longer waves in the lower 300 MHz portion of the spectrum in the High Frequency (HF) or Very High Frequency (VHF) regions, UHF wave transmission can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter distances (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0065] The wireless communication system 100 can also operate in the ultra-high frequency (SHF) region using a frequency band from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also referred to as the centimeter band) or in the extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also referred to as the millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can support millimeter-wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the base station 105, and the EHF antennas of the corresponding device can be smaller and more closely spaced compared to UHF antennas. In some examples, this can facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, EHF transmissions may suffer even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter distances compared to SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein can be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency regions, and the designated use of frequency bands across these frequency regions may vary depending on the country or regulatory authority.

[0066] Wireless communication system 100 can utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 can employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in unlicensed frequency bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band). When operating in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands, devices (such as base station 105 and UE 115) can employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in unlicensed frequency bands can be based on carrier aggregation configurations that combine component carriers operating in licensed frequency bands (e.g., LAA). Operation in unlicensed spectrum can include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, etc.

[0067] Base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels (which may support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming). For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with base station 105 may be located in different geographical locations. Base station 105 may have an antenna array having a number of rows and columns of antenna ports that base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0068] Base station 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to utilize multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such a technique can be called spatial multiplexing. For example, a transmitting device can transmit multiple signals via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, a receiving device can receive multiple signals via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a separate spatial stream and can carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) (where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device) and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) (where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices).

[0069] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to form or guide an antenna beam (e.g., transmit beam, receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating relative to a specific orientation of the antenna array experience constructive interference, while others experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements can include applying amplitude offset, phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the transmitting or receiving device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element can be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0070] As part of beamforming operations, base station 105 or UE 115 may use beam scanning techniques. For example, base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Base station 105 may transmit signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) multiple times in different directions. For example, base station 105 may transmit signals based on different sets of beamforming weights associated with different transmission directions. Transmissions in different beam directions may (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as base station 105) or by a receiving device (such as UE 115)) be used to identify the beam direction for subsequent transmissions or receptions performed by base station 105.

[0071] Base station 105 may transmit signals (e.g., data signals associated with a specific receiving device, such as UE 115) in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with a particular receiving device, such as UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by base station 105 in different directions and may report to base station 105 an indication of the signal received by UE 115 that has the highest signal quality or otherwise acceptable signal quality.

[0072] In some examples, multiple beam directions can be used to perform transmissions by a device (e.g., base station 105 or UE 115), and the device can use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate combined beams for (e.g., from base station 105 to UE 115) transmissions. UE 115 can report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and this feedback can correspond to a configured number of beams spanning the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Base station 105 can transmit reference signals that can be precoded or unprecoded (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), CSI-RS). UE 115 can provide feedback on beam selection, which can be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel type codebook, linear combination type codebook, port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by base station 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may employ similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., to identify beam directions for subsequent transmissions or receptions by UE 115) or to transmit signals in a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0073] When receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from base station 105, the receiving device (e.g., UE 115) can attempt multiple receiving configurations (e.g., directional listening). For example, the receiving device can attempt multiple receiving directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing the received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different sets of receiving beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array (e.g., different sets of directional listening weights), or by processing the received signals according to different sets of receiving beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array (any of these operations can be referred to as "listening" according to different receiving configurations or receiving directions). In some examples, the receiving device can use a single receiving configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving data signals). Individual receiver configurations can be aligned on beam directions determined based on listening in different receiver configuration directions (e.g., beam directions determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening in multiple beam directions).

[0074] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer can be IP-based. The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer can perform packet fragmentation and reassembly for transmission over logical channels. The Media Access Control (MAC) layer can perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer can provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections (which support radio bearers for user plane data) between the UE 115 and the base station 105 or core network 130. At the physical layer, transport channels can be mapped to physical channels.

[0075] Wireless communication system 100 can support a multi-TRP configuration. For example, UE 115 can receive downlink transmissions from multiple TRPs (e.g., via the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)). Therefore, UE 115 can utilize one or more multiplexing schemes (e.g., spatial multiplexing) to receive and decode each downlink transmission from multiple TRPs. Additionally, UE 115 can decode each downlink transmission based on the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state (e.g., beam configuration) associated with the downlink transmission. In some cases, each TCI state can correspond to a Quasi-Co-location (QCL) relationship. For example, UE 115-a can assume that certain channel estimates are similar for transmissions associated with the same TCI state (e.g., due to the QCL relationship). In some cases of a multi-TRP configuration, a single TRP can send downlink control information (DCI) to select multiple TCI states, each TCI state associated with a downlink transmission from one of the multiple TRPs (e.g., when the multiple TRPs have an ideal backhaul communication link). For example, the first TRP may send a DCI indicating a first TCI state for subsequent downlink transmissions performed by the first TRP. In this example, the second TRP may not send a DCI to UE 115. That is, although UE 115 communicates with multiple TRPs, UE 115 may only receive a DCI from the first TRP. Here, UE 115 can receive downlink transmissions from multiple TRPs based on a single TCI state (e.g., indicated by the DCI). Therefore, UE 115 may not recognize which TRP sends different received downlink transmissions.

[0076] In some other cases of multi-TRP configurations, UE 115 can receive DCI from each of the multiple TRPs. In such cases, UE 115 can decode downlink transmissions based on the TCI state indicated by the DCI sent by the same TRP. For example, UE 115 can decode downlink transmissions from a first TRP based on the TCI state indicated by the first TRP within the DCI. Similarly, UE 115 can decode downlink transmissions from a second TRP based on the TCI state indicated by the second TRP within the DCI. In some cases, UE 115 can identify which TRP the TCI state is associated with based on the control resource set (e.g., CORESET) associated with the DCI indicating the TCI state. That is, UE 115 can receive DCIs from TRPs via CORESET on the physical control channel (e.g., PDCCH). CORESET can be associated with a CORESET index (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex) indicating one or more TRPs. Therefore, based on the CORESET associated with the received DCI, UE 115 can identify the TRP or TRP group that sent the DCI. Subsequently, UE 115 can identify the TRP or TRP group associated with the TCI state indicated by the DCI.

[0077] Additionally, a UE 115 communicating with more than one TRP can receive SFN transmissions from each of the TRPs. That is, more than one TRP can send the same downlink communication (e.g., PDSCH transmission) to the UE 115 on the same set of frequency resources. Therefore, the UE 115 can receive the same downlink transmission from more than one TRP. In some cases, this can increase the spatial diversity of downlink transmissions and improve their reliability compared to downlink transmissions sent by a single TRP. In some cases, SFN transmissions can be associated with a single TCI state. That is, the UE 115 can receive downlink transmissions based on a single TCI state, and each TRP can send downlink transmissions based on a single TCI state. In other cases, SFN transmissions can be associated with more than one TCI state. That is, the UE 115 can receive downlink transmissions based on more than one TCI state. Furthermore, each TRP can send downlink transmissions based on more than one TCI state.

[0078] To correctly interpret transmissions received from one or more TRPs, UE 115 can determine one or more attributes of the channel on which one or more transmissions are performed. For example, UE 115 can estimate aspects of the radio channel based on one or more reference signals transmitted on the channel between the TRP and UE 115. Channel estimation can assist UE 115 in interpreting received downlink transmissions and associated channel state information (CSI), etc. In some cases, multiple TRPs can transmit reference signals to UE 115 as SFN reference signals for channel estimation. Therefore, UE 115 can perform channel estimation based on the SFN channel associated with multiple reference signal transmissions from different TRPs. In some cases, UE 115 may be moving relative to one or more TRPs, resulting in Doppler effects affecting one or more reference signal transmissions in the reference signal transmissions. Additionally, the relative movement between UE 115 and the first TRP may differ from the relative movement between UE 115 and the second TRP. Therefore, performing single-channel estimation on the SFN channel may not reliably estimate the Doppler effects on the channel.

[0079] In some other examples, UE 115 may alternatively receive a reference signal from multiple TRPs that is not transmitted from the SFN reference signal. Therefore, UE 115 may perform channel estimation (e.g., to estimate one or more Doppler metrics associated with the channel) on each channel associated with a single TRP. In some cases, this can enable UE 115 to estimate the Doppler effect on the channel more reliably (e.g., when compared to estimating the Doppler effect on the SFN channel).

[0080] For example, UE 115 can receive a reference signal from each of a plurality of TRPs. That is, UE 115 can support communication with a first TRP and a second TRP. UE 115 can receive a first reference signal from the first TRP and a second reference signal from the second TRP. In some cases, the first reference signal can be associated with a first Doppler frequency shift, and the second reference signal can be associated with a second Doppler frequency shift. For example, the first Doppler frequency shift can enable UE 115 to detect a first frequency shift in the transmission received from the first TRP, and the second Doppler frequency shift can enable UE 115 to detect a second frequency shift in the transmission received from the second TRP. UE 115 can estimate the first Doppler frequency shift based on the first reference signal received from the first TRP, and can estimate the second Doppler frequency shift based on the second reference signal received from the second TRP. In some cases, the first TRP and the second TRP can be the same TRP, and UE 115 can receive a first reference signal from a first RRH of the first TRP and a second reference signal from a second RRH of the second TRP, wherein the first TRP and the second TRP are the same TRP. Although the various examples discussed herein refer to multiple TRPs, it should be understood that the techniques provided herein are applicable to situations with multiple RRHs, wherein the multiple RRHs are associated with the same or different TRPs.

[0081] Then, UE 115 may send a first indication of the first Doppler frequency shift and a second indication of the second Doppler frequency shift. In some cases, UE 115 may send the first indication of the first Doppler frequency shift and the second indication of the second Doppler frequency shift to a first TRP, and the first TRP may (e.g., via a backhaul link between the first and second TRPs) forward the second indication of the second Doppler frequency shift to the second TRP. In other cases, UE 115 may send the first indication of the first Doppler frequency shift to the first TRP and the second indication of the second Doppler frequency shift to the second TRP. In some examples, the first TRP may perform Doppler pre-compensation on the first downlink transmission based on the first Doppler frequency shift, and the second TRP may perform Doppler pre-compensation on the second downlink transmission based on the second Doppler frequency shift, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the first and second downlink transmissions may provide SFN transmission to UE 115. Therefore, the first TRP can send a first Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission to UE 115 via PDSCH, and the second TRP can send a second Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission to UE 115 via PDSCH. In some cases, one or more of the first or second TRPs can provide an indication of whether the first downlink transmission and / or the second downlink transmission are Doppler pre-compensated, and the TCI state associated with the corresponding TRP can be selected based on such indication.

[0082] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 is shown that supports indications for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication according to various aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100. The wireless communication system 200 may include a UE 115-a, which may be as referred to Figure 1 An example of UE 115 is described. Additionally, the wireless communication system 200 may include a TRP 205, which may be as described in reference... Figure 1 An example of the access network transmission entity 145 described. In the wireless communication system 200, UE 115-a can be configured to communicate with multiple TRPs 205 (e.g., TRP 205-a and TRP 205-b).

[0083] UE 115-a can communicate with the serving cell via the first TRP 205-a and the second TRP 205-b. In some cases, UE 115-a can also communicate with additional TRPs 205 associated with the serving cell. UE 115-a can receive one or more indications (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC-CE signaling, DCI transmission, or a combination thereof) of the active TCI state associated with receiving downlink transmissions from TRPs 205-a and 205-b. For example, TRP 205-a can send a DCI to UE 115-a indicating a first TCI state for communication between TRP 205-a and UE 115-a. Additionally, TRP 205-b can send a DCI to UE 115-a indicating a second TCI state (e.g., different from the first TCI state) for communication between TRP 205-b and UE 115-a. In another example, one of the TRPs 205 may send a DCI to UE 115-a indicating a first TCI state for communication between UE 115-a and TRP 205-a and a second TCI state for communication between UE 115-a and TRP 205-b.

[0084] UE 115-a may be able to estimate the Doppler measurement associated with different channels between UE 115-a and TRP 205 (e.g., the channel between UE 115-a and TRP 205-a and the channel between UE 115-a and TRP 205-b). In some cases, UE 115-a may send an indication of its ability to estimate the Doppler measurement. For example, UE 115-a may send an indication of its UE capability to a first TRP 205-a and a second TRP 205-b. In other examples, UE 115-a may send an indication of its UE capability to either the first TRP 205-a or the second TRP 205-b. In this example, the TRP 205 receiving the indication of the UE capability to estimate the Doppler measurement may (e.g., via backhaul link 240) transmit the UE capability to the other TRP 205. Based on the determination that UE 115-a is capable of estimating the Doppler metric of each channel in the channel between UE 115-a and multiple TRPs 205, one of the TRPs 205 can send an instruction to configure UE 115-a to perform Doppler estimation (e.g., via RRC, DCI, MAC-CE, etc.).

[0085] The first TRP 205-a can transmit a first reference signal 210-a through a first TCI state, and the second TRP 205-b can transmit a second reference signal 210-b through a second TCI state. The reference signal 210 can be, for example, a tracking reference signal (TRS), which allows the UE 115-a to measure frequency offset. Therefore, the UE 115-a can receive the first reference signal 210-a according to a different TCI state than the second reference signal 210-b. This allows the UE 115-a to perform a first channel estimation process using the first reference signal 210-a separately from performing a second channel estimation process using the second reference signal 210-b. When performing the channel estimation process, the UE 115-a can use the reference signal 210 to determine channel condition indicators (e.g., channel quality indicator (CQI), reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and rank indicator (RI)) for the downlink transmission associated with each TRP 205. In other words, UE 115-a can determine the signal strength associated with each received reference signal 210 (e.g., based on RSRQ, SINR).

[0086] Additionally, UE 115-a can estimate one or more Doppler metrics (e.g., Doppler shift, Doppler spread) associated with each TRP 205 based on the received reference signal 210. For example, UE 115-a can estimate a first Doppler shift or a first Doppler spread associated with a first TRP 205-a based on the received first reference signal 210-a. Furthermore, UE 115-a can estimate a second Doppler shift or a second Doppler spread associated with a second TRP 205-b based on the received second reference signal 210-b.

[0087] UE 115-a can receive reference signal 210 based on the TCI state corresponding to TRP 205. In some cases, one or both of the TRPs 205 can (e.g., via DCI) transmit indications of a first TCI state associated with the first reference signal 210-a and a second TCI state (e.g., different from the first TCI state) associated with the second reference signal 210-b. In some cases, UE 115-a can identify which TRP 205 is associated with each reference signal 210 based on the TCI state associated with the reference signal 210 (e.g., based on the CORESET associated with the received DCI indicating the TCI state). That is, the CORESET associated with the DCI indication can be associated with a CORESET index (e.g., CORESETPoolIndex) indicating one or more TRPs 205. For example, the first TRP 205-a can be associated with the first CORESET index, and TRP 205-b can be associated with the second CORESET index. Here, UE 115-a can identify the association between the first TCI state and the first reference signal 210-a based on the association between the CORESET indicating the first TCI state and the first CORESET index. Additionally, UE 115-a can identify the association between the second TCI state and the second reference signal 210-b based on the association between the CORESET indicating the second TCI state and the second CORESET index.

[0088] UE 115-a can decode reference signal 210 based on the TCI state associated with reference signal 210. For example, UE 115-a can decode the first reference signal 210-a based on a first TCI state, and can decode the second reference signal 210-b based on a second TCI state. UE 115-a can then estimate a first Doppler frequency shift based on the first reference signal 210-a, and can estimate a second Doppler frequency shift based on the second reference signal 210-b. In some cases, UE 115-a can associate the first Doppler frequency shift with a first CORESET index, and associate the second Doppler frequency shift with a second CORESET index.

[0089] UE 115-a may indicate to one or both of TRP 205 an estimated Doppler metric (e.g., estimated Doppler shift, estimated Doppler spread, or both) associated with the first TRP 205-a and the second TRP 205-b.

[0090] In some cases, UE 115-a may indicate the estimated Doppler measurement to one or both of TRPs 205 via a CSI report. For example, UE 115-a may send a first Doppler shift indication 220-a for a first Doppler shift and a second Doppler shift indication 220-b for a second Doppler shift. In some cases, UE 115-a may send the first Doppler shift indication 220-a to the first TRP 205-a and the second Doppler shift indication 220-b to the second TRP 205-b. In other cases, UE 115-a may send both the first Doppler shift indication 220-a and the second Doppler shift indication 220-b to the first TRP 205-a. Here, the first TRP 205-a can transmit a second indication of the second Doppler frequency shift to the second TRP 205-b via the backhaul link 240 between the first TRP 205-a and the second TRP 205-b. In some cases, the UE 115-a can transmit the first Doppler frequency shift indication 220-a and the second Doppler frequency shift indication 220-b via the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). The UE 115-a can transmit the Doppler frequency shift indication 220 according to a configuration (e.g., indicated by one or both of the TRPs 205). For example, the UE 115-a can receive a DCI indicating the configuration for the Doppler frequency shift indication 220 from either the first TRP 205-a or the second TRP 205-b. In some cases, UE 115-a may send a CSI report that includes one or more additional fields corresponding to the first Doppler frequency shift indication 220-a, the second Doppler frequency shift indication 220-b, or both.

[0091] After sending one or more Doppler frequency shift indications 220, UE 115-a can receive a Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission 230, which may be an SFN PDSCH transmission. In some cases, the first TRP 205-a can perform Doppler pre-compensation on the downlink transmission based on the first Doppler frequency shift indication 220-a, and the second TRP can perform Doppler pre-compensation on the downlink transmission based on the second Doppler frequency shift indication 220-b. That is, the first TRP 205-a can adjust the frequency of the downlink transmission before sending the downlink transmission to UE 115-a to take into account the effect of the estimated first Doppler frequency shift associated with the first TRP 205-a. Then, the first TRP 205-a can send the first Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission 230-a. Additionally, the second TRP 205-b can adjust the downlink transmission frequency before sending the downlink transmission to UE 115-a to account for the effect of the estimated second Doppler frequency shift associated with the second TRP 205-b. Then, the second TRP 205-b can send the second Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission 230-b.

[0092] In some cases, UE 115-a may receive a Doppler precompensation indication 225 from one or both of TRPs 205. The Doppler precompensation indication can indicate whether downlink communication from TRP 205 is Doppler precompensated. In some cases, Doppler precompensation can be indicated separately for each TRP 205, where a first TRP 205-a may send a first Doppler precompensation indication 225-a, and a second TRP 205-b may send a second Doppler precompensation indication 225-b. In some cases, such an indication can be provided by an explicit indication in the DCI that schedules downlink communication (e.g., a flag or bit providing an indication of whether Doppler precompensation is used, or a bitmap of which of the multiple TRPs 205 is using Doppler precompensation, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the indication of Doppler precompensation can be an implicit indication provided via a TCI state change. For example, the TCI state is changed to a different TCI state index (e.g., indicated by DCI or MAC-CE), such that the new TCI state has a QCL type with "low Doppler extension", or it is changed to a TCI state with an associated RRC parameter that is set to enabled (e.g., RRC parameter "DL_Doppler_PreCompensation").

[0093] In a further scenario, an indication of Doppler pre-compensation can be provided in the MAC-CE, where UE 115-a can receive a MAC-CE activation command to activate a TCI state indicating that downlink transmissions are Doppler pre-compensated. Additionally, at a later time, UE 115-a can receive a MAC-CE deactivation command indicating that downlink transmissions are not Doppler pre-compensated. In some cases, multiple bits can be used to provide a Doppler pre-compensation indication 225 per TRP 205 to indicate whether each downlink channel (e.g., PDDCH, PDSCH, or a combination thereof) and downlink signal (e.g., TRS, SSB, or a combination thereof) is Doppler pre-compensated. In some cases, the MAC-CE can combine a TCI activation MAC-CE command with a Doppler pre-compensation activation / deactivation command.

[0094] In a further scenario, indication of Doppler precompensation can be provided based on the CORESET and / or SS that schedule downlink communications. In such a case, some SS and / or CORESET can be configured with Doppler precompensation parameters by the RRC. In this case, based on the CORESET and / or SS associated with the DCI that schedules downlink communications, UE 115-a can determine the state of Doppler precompensation for downlink communications.

[0095] Alternatively or concurrently, one or more TRPs 205 may provide a joint indication of Doppler pre-compensation for SFN and / or non-SFN communications with UE 115-a (e.g., based on rules regarding whether SFN / non-SFN communications are Doppler pre-compensated, or based on an indication in the MAC-CE activating multi-TRP communications). In some cases, Doppler pre-compensation may be applied to SFN and / or non-SFN communications, and UE 115-a may determine whether Doppler pre-compensation is used. In some cases, implicit indications may be used; for example, SFN PDSCH indicates Doppler pre-compensation, while non-SFN PDSH indicates no Doppler pre-compensation. In other cases, reserved bits in the MAC-CE activation command may indicate both Doppler pre-compensation and SFN or non-SFN communications.

[0096] In this example, two TRPs 205 transmit Doppler pre-compensated downlink communications, and UE 115-a can receive the first Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission 230-a and the second Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission 230-b. In some cases, the first Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission 230-a and the second Doppler pre-compensated downlink transmission 230-b can be SFN PDSCH transmissions.

[0097] Therefore, such a technique can enhance the reliability of decoding communications from TRP 205 by allowing UE 115-a to more accurately compensate for frequency offsets that may be observed in received communications. In some cases, UE 115-a can use the TCI state of the communication selected based on whether the downlink communication is Doppler pre-compensated. Such a technique may be advantageous in situations where there may be relatively large and varying Doppler shifts between TRP 205s, for example, where UE 115-a may have high mobility and travel at relatively high speeds relative to different TRP 205s (e.g., in a high-speed train, where the first TRP 205-a and the second TRP 205-b may have relatively large relative Doppler shifts).

[0098] Figure 3 An example of SFN communication with Doppler pre-compensation 300 is shown, supporting indications for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication according to various aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, SFN communication with Doppler pre-compensation 300 can implement various aspects of wireless communication system 100 or 200. In this example, one or more TRPs (e.g., Figure 1 (or 2 of the TRP) can send one or more reference signals, which can be transmitted at the UE (e.g., Figure 1 The UE (or UE 2) uses one or more reference signals to estimate the Doppler shift associated with the TRP. The UE can send an indication of the estimated Doppler shift, and the TRP can then use this indication to provide Doppler pre-compensation for subsequent communications.

[0099] In some cases, as discussed in this article, multi-TRP communication can provide SFN transmission. Figure 3 In the example, the first downlink communication 305 can be transmitted by a first TRP associated with a first TCI state. Similarly, the second downlink communication 310 can be transmitted by a second TRP associated with a second TCI state. Both the first downlink communication 305 and the second downlink communication 310 can provide an SFN PDSCH 315, where each component signal from different TRPs can be Doppler pre-compensated. The UE receiving the SFN PDSCH can use the respective TCI states to perform demodulation and decoding of the communication, where the DMRS port of the PDSCH is associated with a different TCI port. In the case where the SFN PDSCH 315 has multiple active TCI states, each TCI state can indicate a TRP link that can be Doppler pre-compensated (e.g., based on a TCI state index mapped to Doppler pre-compensation, or a TCI state where the RRC parameter used for pre-compensation is set to enabled).

[0100] Figure 4 An example of a process flow 400 indicating a Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown, supporting various aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, process flow 400 may implement various aspects of wireless communication system 100 or 200. The process flow may include UE 115-b, first TRP 205-c, and second TRP 205-d, which may each be as described in reference to Figure 1 and 2 Examples of UE and TRP described. Additionally, TRP 205 may be part of the same base station or associated with a different base station, which may be a reference base station. Figure 1 and 2 An example of a base station described.

[0101] At 405, UE 115-b may optionally send a UE capability indication to the first TRP 205-c. The UE capability indication may indicate to the first TRP 205-c that UE 115-b is capable of estimating the first Doppler shift associated with the first TRP 204-c and the second Doppler shift associated with the second TRP 205-d. At 410, UE 115-b may optionally send a UE capability indication to the second TRP 205-d. That is, UE 115-b may send the UE capability indication to the second TRP 205-d instead of sending it to the first TRP 205-c at 405. In some other cases, UE 115-b may send the UE capability indication to both the first TRP 205-c and the second TRP 205-d.

[0102] At 415, the first TRP 205-c may transmit a first TRS (or other reference signal) to the UE 115-b. In some cases, the first TRP 205-c may transmit the reference signal based on a received UE capability indication that the UE 115-b can estimate the Doppler shift associated with the reference signal. At 430, the second TRP 205-d may transmit a second TRS (or other reference signal) to the UE 115-b. In some cases, the second TRP 205-d may transmit the reference signal based on a received UE capability indication that the UE 115-b can estimate the Doppler shift associated with the reference signal. In some cases, the reference signal may be a TRS, an SSB transmission, a CSI-RS, or a combination thereof.

[0103] At position 425, UE 115-b can estimate the first Doppler frequency shift associated with the first TRP 205-c and the second Doppler frequency shift associated with the second TRP 205-d. In some cases, UE 115-b can estimate the first Doppler frequency shift based on a reference signal received from the first TRP 205-c. In some cases, the UE can estimate the second Doppler frequency shift based on a reference signal received from the second TRP 205-d.

[0104] At 430, the first TRP 205-c may optionally send a DCI that schedules one or more downlink communications sent by the first TRP 205-c and / or the second TRP 205-d. The DCI may also indicate a set of resources for sending one or more Doppler shift indications to the first TRP 205-c or the second TRP 205-d, or both. In some cases, the DCI may additionally indicate a CSI report configuration for sending Doppler shift indications to one or both of the TRPs 205. At 435, the second TRP 205-d may optionally send a DCI that schedules one or more downlink communications sent by the second TRP 205-d and / or the first TRP 205-c. For example, if the first TRP 205-c does not send a DCI to UE 115-b, the second TRP 205-d may send a DCI to UE 115-b.

[0105] At 440, the first TRP 205-c can transmit downlink traffic to UE 115-b via PDSCH. At 445, the second TRP 205-d can transmit downlink traffic to UE 115-b via PDSCH. In some cases, the downlink traffic is uncompensated SFN communication. UE 115-b can decode the downlink communication at least partially based on the estimated Doppler shift associated with each TRP 205. At 450, UE 115-b can compensate for the uplink center frequency using a frequency offset determined at least partially based on the estimated Doppler shift associated with each TRP 205.

[0106] At position 455, UE 115-a may transmit a first SRS to the first TRP 205-c. In some cases, the UE may compensate for the uplink center frequency used for the first SRS based on a first Doppler shift estimated for the first TRP 205-c. Similarly, at position 460, UE 115-a may transmit a second SRS to the second TRP 205-d. In some cases, the UE may compensate for the uplink center frequency used for the second SRS based on a second Doppler shift estimated for the second TRP 205-d.

[0107] At 465, the first TRP 205-c can estimate the Doppler shift associated with the SRS from UE 115-b. Similarly, in this example, at 470, the second TRP 205-d can also estimate the Doppler shift associated with the SRS from UE 115-b. In some cases, each TRP 205 can measure the frequency offset associated with UE 115-b based on the SRS from UE 115-b, and can determine its associated Doppler shift is twice the measured frequency offset based on the assumption that UE 115-b pre-compensates for the SRS transmission (e.g., Doppler shift = 2 * f2, where f2 is the frequency offset from the center frequency of the uplink signal (SRS)).

[0108] At 475, the first TRP 205-c can perform Doppler pre-compensation on the downlink transmission (e.g., PDSCH transmission) based on the estimated Doppler frequency shift. At 480, the second TRP 205-d can perform Doppler pre-compensation on the downlink transmission (e.g., PDSCH transmission) based on the estimated Doppler frequency shift. In some cases, one or both TRPs 205 may not perform Doppler pre-compensation on their respective downlink transmissions.

[0109] Optionally, at 485, the first TRP 205-c may send a DCI to UE 115-b for scheduling another PDSCH communication. In some cases, the DCI may include an indication of whether the PDSCH communication is Doppler pre-compensated. Alternatively, at 490, the second TRP 205-d may optionally send a DCI to UE 115-b for scheduling PDSCH communication, and the DCI may include an indication of whether the PDSCH communication is Doppler pre-compensated. In other cases, one or both TRPs may provide an indication of Doppler pre-compensation through other signaling, such as implicit indications based on TCI status, CORESET / SS for DCI, MAC-CE, or any combination thereof, as discussed herein.

[0110] At position 495, the first TRP 205-c can send a Doppler pre-compensation downlink transmission to UE 115-b via PDSCH. At position 497, the second TRP 205-d can send a Doppler-compensated downlink transmission to UE 115-b via PDSCH. In some cases, UE 115-b can select the TCI state for PDSCH based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication, and the QCL relationship with TRP 205 can be changed based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication.

[0111] Figure 5An example of a MAC-CE 500 supporting an indication of Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, the MAC-CE 500 may implement various aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. In this example, the MAC-CE 500 may include multiple different TCI state IDs, including a first TCI state ID 505 for a first TRP, a second TCI state ID 510 for a second TRP, and so on, up to an (N-1)th TCI state ID for the first TRP and an Nth TCI state ID for the second TRP. As discussed above, in some cases, different TCI state IDs can be mapped to an indication of whether the communication associated with the TCI state ID is Doppler pre-compensated. A combination of TCI state IDs for a TRP may be referred to as a TCI code point, where... Figure 5 The first TCI code point 525 and the Nth TCI code point 530 are shown. In some cases, as discussed above, the reserved bit 535 in the MAC-CE 500 can be used to indicate Doppler pre-compensation and SFN / non-SFN for associated downlink communication.

[0112] Figure 6 A block diagram 600 of a device 605 supporting indications for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communications is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 605 may be an example of various aspects of UE 115 as described herein. Device 605 may include a receiver 610, a communications manager 615, and a transmitter 620. Device 605 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0113] Receiver 610 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to indications of Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication). Information can be passed to other components of device 605. Receiver 610 can be a reference... Figure 9 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 920 are described. The receiver 610 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0114] The communication manager 615 can perform the following operations: estimate a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first TRP and a second Doppler frequency shift associated with a second TRP; receive a Doppler pre-compensation indication, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of a first communication from the first TRP or a second communication from the second TRP are based on the first Doppler frequency shift or the second Doppler frequency shift; select a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication; and receive the first communication based on the first transmission configuration indicator state and receive the second communication based on the second transmission configuration indicator state. The communication manager 615 can be an example of various aspects of the communication manager 910 described herein.

[0115] The communication manager 515 described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more potential advantages. One implementation allows device 505 to determine whether received communication is Doppler pre-compensated, which allows selection of the TCI state used in decoding communication, providing a higher probability of successful demodulation and decoding of communication. Furthermore, various implementations can allow device 505 to increase communication reliability, throughput, and enhance user experience, while reducing overall power consumption and other advantages.

[0116] The communication manager 615 or its sub-components may be implemented in hardware, processor-executable code (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in processor-executable code, the functionality of the communication manager 615 or its sub-components may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure.

[0117] The communication manager 615 or its subcomponents may be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that some functions are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 615 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 615 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, transceivers, network servers, other computing devices, one or more other components described in this disclosure, or combinations thereof.

[0118] Transmitter 620 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 605. In some examples, transmitter 620 can be co-located with receiver 610 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 620 can be a reference... Figure 9 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 920 are described. The transmitter 620 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0119] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 of a device 705 supporting indications for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communications is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 705 may be an example of aspects of device 605 or UE 115 as described herein. Device 705 may include a receiver 710, a communications manager 715, and a transmitter 740. Device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0120] Receiver 710 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to indications of Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication). Information can be passed to other components of device 705. Receiver 710 can be a reference... Figure 9 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 920 are described. The receiver 710 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0121] Communication manager 715 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 615 as described herein. Communication manager 715 may include Doppler frequency shift estimator 720, Doppler frequency shift indicator manager 725, TCI manager 730, and joint receiver manager 735. Communication manager 715 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 910 as described herein.

[0122] The Doppler frequency shift estimator 720 can estimate the first Doppler frequency shift associated with the first TRP and the second Doppler frequency shift associated with the second TRP.

[0123] The Doppler frequency shift indicator manager 725 can receive a Doppler pre-compensation indicator, which is used to indicate that one or more of the first communication from the first TRP or the second communication from the second TRP are based on the first Doppler frequency shift or the second Doppler frequency shift for Doppler pre-compensation.

[0124] The TCI manager 730 can select a first transmission configuration indicator state for first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication.

[0125] The joint receive manager 735 can receive first communication based on a first transmission configuration indicator state and receive second communication based on a second transmission configuration indicator state.

[0126] Transmitter 740 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 705. In some examples, transmitter 740 can be co-located with receiver 710 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 740 can be a reference... Figure 9 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 920 are described. The transmitter 740 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0127] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a communication manager 805 supporting indication of Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 805 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 615, communication manager 715, or communication manager 910 described herein. The communication manager 805 may include a Doppler frequency shift estimator 810, a Doppler frequency shift indication manager 815, a TCI manager 820, a joint receiver manager 825, a DCI component 830, and an SFN manager 835. Each of these modules may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0128] The Doppler frequency shift estimator 810 can estimate the first Doppler frequency shift associated with the first TRP and the second Doppler frequency shift associated with the second TRP.

[0129] The Doppler frequency shift indicator manager 815 can receive a Doppler pre-compensation indicator, which indicates that one or more of a first communication from a first TRP or a second communication from a second TRP are Doppler pre-compensated based on a first Doppler frequency shift or a second Doppler frequency shift. In some examples, the Doppler frequency shift indicator manager 815 can receive a MAC-CE from one or more of the first or second TRP, the MAC-CE including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indicator. In some examples, the Doppler frequency shift indicator manager 815 can receive control channel communications associated with a control resource set or search space, wherein the control channel communications schedule the first and second communications. In some examples, the Doppler frequency shift indicator manager 815 can determine whether one or more of the first or second communications are Doppler pre-compensated based on whether the control resource set or search space is configured with Doppler pre-compensation parameters.

[0130] In some cases, MAC-CE provides separate Doppler pre-compensation indications for each of the first TRP and the second TRP, for each of one or more downlink channels, for each of one or more downlink reference signals, or any combination thereof. In some cases, MAC-CE includes activation indications for one or more of the first or second transmission configuration indicator states, and indications for Doppler pre-compensation for each transmission configuration indicator state. In some cases, the control resource set or search space is configured with Doppler pre-compensation parameters via radio resource control signaling.

[0131] The TCI manager 820 can select a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on a Doppler pre-compensation indication. In some examples, the TCI manager 820 can receive an indication of a change to the transmission configuration indicator state from one or more of the first and second TRPs, which may indicate whether Doppler pre-compensation is used. In some examples, the TCI manager 820 can determine whether the indication of a change to the transmission configuration indicator state is associated with a quasi-co-address (QCL) type having a low Doppler spread indicating Doppler pre-compensation.

[0132] In some cases, a subset of Transmission Configuration Indicator (TMAC) states is configured to be associated with Doppler pre-compensation via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, wherein the Doppler pre-compensation indication is determined based on whether a first TMAC state or a second TMAC state is within the subset of TMAC states. In other cases, the Doppler pre-compensation indication is provided separately for each of the first and second TRPs based on one or more active TMAC states.

[0133] The joint receive manager 825 can receive the first communication based on the state of the first transmission configuration indicator and the second communication based on the state of the second transmission configuration indicator.

[0134] DCI component 830 may receive downlink control information from one or more of the first TRP or the second TRP, the downlink control information including at least one bit providing a Doppler precompensation indication. In some cases, the downlink control information includes a single bit indicating that both the first communication and the second communication are Doppler precompensated. In some cases, the downlink control information includes two or more bits indicating that the first communication is Doppler precompensated, the second communication is Doppler precompensated, or both the first communication and the second communication are Doppler precompensated.

[0135] The SFN manager 835 can receive indications regarding whether the first and second communications are transmitted based on a single-frequency network (SFN) configuration or a non-SFN configuration. In some examples, the SFN manager 835 can receive a MAC-CE control element including one or more bits indicating whether Doppler precompensation is used in one or both of the SFN or non-SFN configurations. In some cases, the SFN configuration uses Doppler precompensation, and the non-SFN configuration does not.

[0136] Figure 9 A diagram of a system 900 including a device 905 supporting Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 905 may be an example of device 605, device 705, or UE 115 as described herein, or a component including device 605, device 705, or UE 115. Device 905 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 910, an I / O controller 915, a transceiver 920, an antenna 925, a memory 930, and a processor 940. These components may communicate electronically via one or more buses (e.g., bus 945).

[0137] The communication manager 910 can perform the following operations: estimate a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first TRP and a second Doppler frequency shift associated with a second TRP; receive a Doppler pre-compensation indication, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of a first communication from the first TRP or a second communication from the second TRP are based on the first Doppler frequency shift or the second Doppler frequency shift; select a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication; and receive the first communication based on the first transmission configuration indicator state and receive the second communication based on the second transmission configuration indicator state.

[0138] The communication manager 910 described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more potential advantages. One implementation allows device 905 to determine whether received communication is Doppler pre-compensated, which allows selection of the TCI state used in decoding communication, providing a higher probability of successful demodulation and decoding of communication. Furthermore, various implementations can allow device 905 to increase communication reliability, throughput, and enhance user experience, while reducing overall power consumption and other advantages.

[0139] I / O controller 915 can manage input and output signals for device 905. I / O controller 915 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 905. In some cases, I / O controller 915 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 915 can utilize, for example... MS- The operating system may be a known operating system. In other cases, the I / O controller 915 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 915 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 905 via the I / O controller 915 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 915.

[0140] Transceiver 920 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links as described above. For example, transceiver 920 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 920 may also include a modem for modulating packets and providing the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and for demodulating packets received from the antenna.

[0141] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 925. However, in other cases, the device may have more than one antenna 925, which may be able to transmit or receive multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0142] Memory 930 may include RAM and ROM. Memory 930 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 935, which includes instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 930 may also contain BIOS, which controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0143] Processor 940 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 940 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 940. Processor 940 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 930) to cause device 905 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting instructions for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication).

[0144] Code 935 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of this disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communication. Code 935 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium (e.g., system memory or other types of memory). In some cases, code 935 may not be directly executable by processor 940, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0145] Figure 10 A block diagram 1000 of a device 1005 supporting indications for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1005 may be an example of various aspects of base station 105 as described herein. Device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a communication manager 1015, and a transmitter 1020. Device 1005 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0146] Receiver 1010 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to indications of Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication). Information can be passed to other components of device 1005. Receiver 1010 can be a reference... Figure 13 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1320 are described. The receiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0147] The communication manager 1015 can perform the following operations: estimate a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first UE; determine that Doppler pre-compensation will be used for a first communication from a first TRP to the UE; send a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of the first communication from the first TRP or a second communication from a second TRP are Doppler pre-compensated; and send a first communication to the first UE, wherein the first communication is based on the first Doppler frequency shift and is Doppler pre-compensated. The communication manager 1015 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1310 described herein.

[0148] The communication manager 1015 or its sub-components may be implemented in hardware, processor-executable code (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in processor-executable code, the functionality of the communication manager 1015 or its sub-components may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure.

[0149] The communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that some functions are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, transceivers, network servers, other computing devices, one or more other components described in this disclosure, or combinations thereof.

[0150] Transmitter 1020 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 1005. In some examples, transmitter 1020 can be co-located with receiver 1010 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1020 can be a reference... Figure 13 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1320 are described. The transmitter 1020 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0151] Figure 11 A block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 supporting indications for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1105 may be an example of aspects of device 1005 or base station 105 as described herein. Device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a communication manager 1115, and a transmitter 1135. Device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0152] Receiver 1110 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to indications of Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication). Information can be passed to other components of device 1105. Receiver 1110 can be a reference... Figure 13 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1320 are described. The receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0153] Communication manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 1015 as described herein. Communication manager 1115 may include Doppler frequency shift estimator 1120, Doppler frequency shift indicator manager 1125, and joint transmission manager 1130. Communication manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 1310 as described herein.

[0154] The Doppler frequency shift estimator 1120 can estimate the first Doppler frequency shift associated with the first UE.

[0155] The Doppler frequency shift indication manager 1125 can determine that Doppler pre-compensation will be used for a first communication from a first TRP to a UE, and send a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE, the Doppler pre-compensation indication being used to indicate that one or more of the first communication from the first TRP or the second communication from the second TRP are Doppler pre-compensated.

[0156] The joint transmission manager 1130 can send a first communication to the first UE, wherein the first communication is based on Doppler pre-compensation of a first Doppler frequency shift.

[0157] Transmitter 1135 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 1105. In some examples, transmitter 1135 may be co-located with receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1135 may be a reference... Figure 13 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1320 are described. The transmitter 1135 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0158] Figure 12 A block diagram 1200 of a communication manager 1205 supporting indication of Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Communication manager 1205 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 1015, communication manager 1115, or communication manager 1310 described herein. Communication manager 1205 may include a Doppler frequency shift estimator 1210, a Doppler frequency shift indication manager 1215, a joint transmission manager 1220, a DCI component 1225, a TCI manager 1230, and an SFN manager 1235. Each of these modules may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0159] The Doppler frequency shift estimator 1210 can estimate the first Doppler frequency shift associated with the first UE.

[0160] The Doppler frequency shift indication manager 1215 can determine that Doppler pre-compensation will be used for a first communication from a first TRP to a UE. In some examples, the Doppler frequency shift indication manager 1215 can send a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of the first communication from the first TRP or the second communication from the second TRP are Doppler pre-compensated. In some examples, the Doppler frequency shift indication manager 1215 can send a MAC-CE to the first UE, the MAC-CE including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication.

[0161] In some examples, the Doppler frequency shift indicator manager 1215 can send control channel communications associated with a control resource set or search space to a first UE, wherein the control channel communications schedule the first and second communications. In some examples, whether one or more of the first or second communications are Doppler pre-compensated is determined based on whether the control resource set or search space is configured with Doppler pre-compensation parameters.

[0162] In some cases, MAC-CE provides separate Doppler pre-compensation indications for each of the first TRP and the second TRP, for each of one or more downlink channels, for each of one or more downlink reference signals, or any combination thereof. In some cases, MAC-CE includes an activation indication for a first transmission configuration indicator state associated with the first TRP, and an indication for Doppler pre-compensation for the first transmission configuration indicator state. In some cases, the control resource set or search space is configured with Doppler pre-compensation parameters via radio resource control signaling.

[0163] The joint transmission manager 1220 can send a first communication to the first UE, wherein the first communication is based on Doppler pre-compensation of a first Doppler frequency shift.

[0164] DCI component 1225 can send downlink control information to the first UE, the downlink control information including at least one bit providing a Doppler pre-compensation indication. In some cases, the downlink control information includes a single bit indicating that both the first communication and the second communication are Doppler pre-compensated. In some cases, the downlink control information includes two or more bits indicating that the first communication is Doppler pre-compensated, the second communication is Doppler pre-compensated, or both the first communication and the second communication are Doppler pre-compensated.

[0165] The TCI manager 1230 may send indications of changes to the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state from one or more of the first TRP or the second TRP. In some cases, the indication of a change to the TCI state is associated with a Quasi-Co-location (QCL) type having a low-Doppler spread indicating Doppler pre-compensation. In some cases, a subset of TCI states is configured to be associated with Doppler pre-compensation via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, wherein the Doppler pre-compensation indication is based on whether the TCI state associated with one or more of the first TRP and the second TRP is within the subset of TCI states. In some cases, the Doppler pre-compensation indication is provided separately for each of the first and second TRPs based on one or more active TCI states.

[0166] The SFN manager 1235 can send indications regarding whether the first and second communications are based on a single-frequency network (SFN) configuration or a non-SFN configuration. In some examples, the SFN manager 1235 can send a MAC-CE, which includes one or more bits indicating whether Doppler precompensation is used in either the SFN configuration or the non-SFN configuration. In some cases, the SFN configuration uses Doppler precompensation, and the non-SFN configuration does not.

[0167] Figure 13 A diagram of a system 1300 including a device 1305 supporting Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communications is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 1305 may be an example of device 1005, device 1105, or base station 105 as described herein, or a component including device 1005, device 1105, or base station 105. Device 1305 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communications, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1310, a network communication manager 1315, a transceiver 1320, an antenna 1325, a memory 1330, a processor 1340, and an inter-station communication manager 1345. These components may communicate electronically via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1350).

[0168] The communication manager 1310 can perform the following operations: estimate a first Doppler frequency shift associated with a first UE; determine that Doppler pre-compensation will be used for a first communication from a first TRP to the UE; send a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE, the Doppler pre-compensation indication indicating that one or more of the first communication from the first TRP or the second communication from the second TRP are Doppler pre-compensated; and send a first communication to the first UE, wherein the first communication is based on Doppler pre-compensation of the first Doppler frequency shift.

[0169] The network communication manager 1315 can manage communication with the core network (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communication manager 1315 can manage the transmission of data communication to client devices (e.g., one or more UEs 115).

[0170] Transceiver 1320 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links as described above. For example, transceiver 1320 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1320 may also include a modem for modulating packets and providing the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and demodulating packets received from the antenna.

[0171] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 1325. However, in other cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1325, which may be able to transmit or receive multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0172] Memory 1330 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. Memory 1330 may store computer-readable code 1335, which includes instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1340), cause the device to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1330 may also include a BIOS, which controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0173] Processor 1340 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1340 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In some cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1340. Processor 1340 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1330) to cause device 1305 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting instructions for Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication).

[0174] Inter-site communication manager 1345 can manage communication with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for cooperating with other base stations 105 to control communication with UE 115. For example, inter-site communication manager 1345 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 to implement various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, inter-site communication manager 1345 may provide an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to facilitate communication between base stations 105.

[0175] Code 1335 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of this disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communication. Code 1335 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium (e.g., system memory or other types of memory). In some cases, code 1335 may not be directly executable by processor 1340, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0176] Figure 14A flowchart illustrating a method 1400 for instructing Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1400 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1400 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 6 to 9 The communication manager described herein is used for execution. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the UE's functional elements to perform the functions described below. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0177] At 1405, the UE can estimate the first Doppler shift associated with the first TRP and the second Doppler shift associated with the second TRP. The operation at 1405 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1405 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The Doppler frequency shift estimator is described to perform this operation.

[0178] At 1410, the UE may receive a Doppler pre-compensation indication, which indicates that one or more of a first communication from a first TRP or a second communication from a second TRP are based on a first Doppler frequency shift or a second Doppler frequency shift for Doppler pre-compensation. Operation 1410 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation 1410 may be determined by reference to... Figures 6 to 9 The described Doppler frequency shift indicator manager is used to perform this.

[0179] At point 1415, the UE can select a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication. The operation at point 1415 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1415 can be determined by referring to... Figures 6 to 9 The TCI manager described is used to execute this.

[0180] At 1420, the UE can receive first communication based on a first transmission configuration indicator state and receive second communication based on a second transmission configuration indicator state. The operation at 1420 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1420 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The described joint receiver manager is used to perform this.

[0181] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for instructing Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1500 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1500 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 6 to 9The communication manager described herein is used for execution. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the UE's functional elements to perform the functions described below. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0182] At 1505, the UE can estimate the first Doppler shift associated with the first TRP and the second Doppler shift associated with the second TRP. The operation at 1505 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1505 can be determined by, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The Doppler frequency shift estimator is described to perform this operation.

[0183] At 1510, the UE can receive downlink control information from one or more of the first TRP or the second TRP. The downlink control information includes at least one bit providing a Doppler pre-compensation indication, which indicates that one or more of a first communication from the first TRP or a second communication from the second TRP are based on a first Doppler frequency shift or a second Doppler frequency shift for Doppler pre-compensation. Operation 1510 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation 1510 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The described DCI component is used to perform this. In some cases, the downlink control information includes a single bit indicating that both the first and second communications are Doppler pre-compensated. In other cases, the downlink control information includes two or more bits indicating that the first communication is Doppler pre-compensated, the second communication is Doppler pre-compensated, or both the first and second communications are Doppler pre-compensated.

[0184] At point 1515, the UE can select a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication. The operation at point 1515 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1515 can be determined by referring to... Figures 6 to 9 The TCI manager described is used to execute this.

[0185] At point 1520, the UE can receive first communication based on a first transmission configuration indicator state and receive second communication based on a second transmission configuration indicator state. The operation at point 1520 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1520 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The described joint receiver manager is used to perform this.

[0186] Figure 16A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for instructing Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1600 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 6 to 9 The communication manager described herein is used for execution. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the UE's functional elements to perform the functions described below. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0187] At 1605, the UE can estimate the first Doppler shift associated with the first TRP and the second Doppler shift associated with the second TRP. The operation at 1605 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1605 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The Doppler frequency shift estimator is described to perform this operation.

[0188] At 1610, the UE can receive an indication of a change in the state of the transmission configuration indicator from one or more of the first TRP or the second TRP. In some cases, the change in the state of the transmission configuration indicator provides a Doppler pre-compensation indicator, which indicates that one or more of a first communication from the first TRP or a second communication from the second TRP are based on a first Doppler frequency shift or a second Doppler frequency shift for Doppler pre-compensation. Operation 1610 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1610 can be determined by reference to... Figures 6 to 9 The TCI manager described herein performs this action. In some cases, a subset of Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states is configured to be associated with Doppler pre-compensation via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, wherein the Doppler pre-compensation indication is determined based on whether a first TCI state or a second TCI state is within the subset of TCI states. In other cases, the Doppler pre-compensation indication is provided separately for each of the first and second TRPs based on one or more active TCI states.

[0189] At point 1615, the UE can determine whether the indication of a change in the state of the transmission configuration indicator is associated with a quasi-co-address (QCL) type having low Doppler spread with indication of Doppler pre-compensation. The operation at point 1615 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1615 can be determined by, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The TCI manager described is used to execute this.

[0190] At 1620, the UE can select a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication. The operation at 1620 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1620 can be determined by referring to... Figures 6 to 9 The TCI manager described is used to execute this.

[0191] At point 1625, the UE can receive first communication based on a first transmission configuration indicator state and receive second communication based on a second transmission configuration indicator state. The operation at point 1625 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1625 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The described joint receiver manager is used to perform this.

[0192] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for instructing Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1700 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1700 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 6 to 9 The communication manager described herein is used for execution. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the UE's functional elements to perform the functions described below. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0193] At 1705, the UE can estimate the first Doppler shift associated with the first TRP and the second Doppler shift associated with the second TRP. The operation at 1705 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1705 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The Doppler frequency shift estimator is described to perform this operation.

[0194] At 1710, the UE can receive a MAC-CE from one or more of the first TRP or the second TRP, the MAC-CE including at least one bit providing a Doppler pre-compensation indication, the Doppler pre-compensation indication being used to indicate that one or more of a first communication from the first TRP or a second communication from the second TRP are based on a first Doppler frequency shift or a second Doppler frequency shift. Operation 1710 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1710 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9The Doppler frequency shift indication manager described herein performs this function. In some cases, the MAC-CE provides separate Doppler pre-compensation indications for each of the first and second TRPs, for each of one or more downlink channels, for each of one or more downlink reference signals, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the MAC-CE includes activation indications for one or more of the first or second transmission configuration indicator states, and indications for Doppler pre-compensation for each transmission configuration indicator state.

[0195] At point 1715, the UE can select a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication. The operation at point 1715 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1715 can be determined by referring to... Figures 6 to 9 The TCI manager described is used to execute this.

[0196] At 1720, the UE can receive first communication based on a first transmission configuration indicator state and second communication based on a second transmission configuration indicator state. The operation at 1720 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1720 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The described joint receiver manager is used to perform this.

[0197] Figure 18 A flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for instructing Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1800 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1800 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 6 to 9 The communication manager described herein is used for execution. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the UE's functional elements to perform the functions described below. Alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0198] At 1805, the UE can estimate the first Doppler shift associated with the first TRP and the second Doppler shift associated with the second TRP. The operation at 1805 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1805 can be determined by referring to... Figures 6 to 9 The Doppler frequency shift estimator is described to perform this operation.

[0199] At 1810, the UE can receive control channel communications associated with a control resource set or search space, wherein the control channel communications schedule first and second communications. Operation at 1810 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1810 can be determined by reference to... Figures 6 to 9 The described Doppler frequency shift indicator manager is used to perform this.

[0200] At point 1815, the UE can determine whether one or more of the first or second communications are Doppler pre-compensated based on whether the control resource set or search space is configured with Doppler pre-compensation parameters. The operation at point 1815 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1815 can be determined as described in reference... Figures 6 to 9 The described Doppler frequency shift indicator manager is used to perform this.

[0201] At 1820, the UE can select a first transmission configuration indicator state for the first communication and a second transmission configuration indicator state for the second communication based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication. The operation at 1820 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1820 can be determined by referring to... Figures 6 to 9 The TCI manager described is used to execute this.

[0202] At point 1825, the UE can receive first communication based on a first transmission configuration indicator state and receive second communication based on a second transmission configuration indicator state. The operation at point 1825 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1825 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The described joint receiver manager is used to perform this.

[0203] Figure 19 A flowchart illustrating a method 1900 for instructing Doppler pre-compensation in multi-TRP communication in accordance with various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1900 can be implemented by a base station 105 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1900 can be implemented by referring to... Figures 10 to 13 The communication manager described below is used to perform this function. In some examples, the base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0204] At 1905, the base station can estimate the first Doppler frequency shift associated with the first UE. The operation at 1905 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1905 can be determined by referring to... Figures 10 to 13 The Doppler frequency shift estimator is described to perform this operation.

[0205] At point 1910, the base station can determine that Doppler pre-compensation will be used for the first communication from the first TRP to the UE. The operation at point 1910 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1910 can be determined by, as referenced... Figures 10 to 13 The described Doppler frequency shift indicator manager is used to perform this.

[0206] At point 1915, the base station may send a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE. This Doppler pre-compensation indication is used to indicate that one or more of the first communication from the first TRP or the second communication from the second TRP are Doppler pre-compensated. The operation at point 1915 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1915 may be determined by reference to... Figures 10 to 13 The described Doppler frequency shift indicator manager is used to perform this.

[0207] At point 1920, the base station can send a first communication to the first UE, wherein the first communication is based on Doppler pre-compensation performed according to a first Doppler frequency shift. The operation at point 1920 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1920 can be derived as described in reference... Figures 10 to 13 The described joint transport manager is used to execute this.

[0208] It should be noted that the methods described in this paper describe possible implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods can be combined.

[0209] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used extensively in the description, the techniques described herein apply beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described can be applied to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0210] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0211] The various illustrative blocks and components described herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0212] The functions described herein can be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that different parts of the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0213] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, with communication media encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of computer programs from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose computer or a special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media can include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired units of program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, wherein disks typically copy data magnetically, while optical discs use lasers to copy data optically. The combinations described above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0214] As used herein (including in the claims), the word "or" in a list of items (e.g., a list of items ending with a phrase such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive list, such that a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0215] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by a dash and a second reference numeral following the reference numeral, used to differentiate between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description applies to any one of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, without regard to the second reference numeral or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0216] This document describes exemplary configurations in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and does not represent all examples that can be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," and not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." Detailed descriptions, including specific details, are provided for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0217] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: Receive a Doppler pre-compensation indication regarding single-frequency network communication that is Doppler pre-compensated in relation to the state of the first transmission configuration indicator and the state of the second transmission configuration indicator; The first transmission configuration indicator state and the second transmission configuration indicator state for the single-frequency network communication are selected at least in part based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication; as well as The single-frequency network communication is received at least in part based on the state of the first transmission configuration indicator and the state of the second transmission configuration indicator.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving of the Doppler pre-compensation instruction includes: Downlink control information is received from one or more of a first transmit / receive point or a second transmit / receive point, the downlink control information including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The downlink control information includes a single bit indicating that both the first communication from the first transmitting / receiving point and the second communication from the second transmitting / receiving point are Doppler pre-compensated.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving of the Doppler pre-compensation instruction includes: Receive an indication of a change in the state of the transmission configuration indicator from one or more of the first or second transmitting / receiving points.

5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising: Determine whether the indication of the change to the state of the transmission configuration indicator is associated with a quasi-co-address (QCL) type having low Doppler spread with indication of Doppler pre-compensation.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein, A subset of transmission configuration indicator states is configured to be associated with Doppler precompensation via radio resource control signaling, wherein the Doppler precompensation indication is determined at least in part based on whether the first transmission configuration indicator state or the second transmission configuration indicator state is within the subset of transmission configuration indicator states.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The Doppler pre-compensation indication is provided, at least in part, for each of the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point, based on one or more active transmission configuration indicator states.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving of the Doppler pre-compensation instruction includes: Receive medium access control (MAC) elements from one or more of the first transmit / receive point or the second transmit / receive point, the MAC control element including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication, and wherein the MAC control element provides a separate Doppler pre-compensation indication for each of the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point, for each of one or more downlink channels, for each of one or more downlink reference signals, or any combination thereof.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The MAC control element includes an activation indication for one or more of the first or second transmission configuration indicator states, and an indication for Doppler pre-compensation for each transmission configuration indicator state.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving of the Doppler pre-compensation instruction includes: Receive control channel communication associated with a control resource set, wherein the control channel communication schedules the single-frequency network communication; and The control channel communication is determined to be Doppler pre-compensated, at least in part, based on whether the control resource set is configured with Doppler pre-compensation parameters.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The control resource set is configured with the Doppler pre-compensation parameters via radio resource control signaling.

12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Receiving instructions regarding the first communication from the first transmitting / receiving point and the second communication from the second transmitting / receiving point, whether transmitted based on a single-frequency network (SFN) configuration or a non-SFN configuration.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first transmitting and receiving point is the first remote wireless head end, and the second transmitting and receiving point is the second remote wireless head end.

14. A method for wireless communication at a first transmitting and receiving point, comprising: It is determined that Doppler precompensation will be used for single-frequency network communication from the first transmit / receive point to the first user equipment (UE); Sending a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE regarding the single-frequency network communication being Doppler pre-compensated in association with the first transmission configuration indicator state and the second transmission configuration indicator state; and The single-frequency network communication is sent to the first UE.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, The step of sending the Doppler pre-compensation instruction includes: Downlink control information is sent to the first UE, the downlink control information including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein, The step of sending the Doppler pre-compensation instruction includes: An indication of a change in the state of the transmission configuration indicator is sent from one or more of the first or second transmit / receive points.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, The indication of a change in the state of the transmission configuration indicator is associated with a quasi-co-address (QCL) type having an indication of low Doppler spread with Doppler pre-compensation.

18. The method according to claim 16, wherein, A subset of transmission configuration indicator states is configured to be associated with Doppler pre-compensation via radio resource control signaling, wherein the Doppler pre-compensation indication is based at least in part on whether the transmission configuration indicator state associated with one or more of the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point is within the subset of transmission configuration indicator states.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein, The Doppler pre-compensation indication is provided, at least in part, for each of the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point, based on one or more active transmission configuration indicator states.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein, The step of sending the Doppler pre-compensation instruction includes: A media access control (MAC) element is sent to the first UE, the MAC control element including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication.

21. The method according to claim 14, wherein, The step of sending the Doppler pre-compensation instruction includes: Sending control channel communication associated with the control resource set to the first UE, wherein the control channel communication schedules the single-frequency network communication; and The control channel communication is Doppler pre-compensated, which is determined at least in part based on whether the control resource set is configured with Doppler pre-compensation parameters.

22. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: processor, Memory coupled to the processor; as well as Instructions, which are stored in the memory and can be executed by the processor, cause the device to perform the following operations: Receive a Doppler pre-compensation indication regarding single-frequency network communication that is Doppler pre-compensated in relation to the state of the first transmission configuration indicator and the state of the second transmission configuration indicator; The first transmission configuration indicator state and the second transmission configuration indicator state for the single-frequency network communication are selected at least in part based on the Doppler pre-compensation indication; as well as The single-frequency network communication is received at least in part based on the state of the first transmission configuration indicator and the state of the second transmission configuration indicator.

23. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Downlink control information is received from one or more of a first transmit / receive point or a second transmit / receive point, the downlink control information including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication.

24. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Receive an indication of a change in the state of the transmission configuration indicator from one or more of the first or second transmitting / receiving points.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Determine whether the indication of the change to the state of the transmission configuration indicator is associated with a quasi-co-address (QCL) type having low Doppler spread with indication of Doppler pre-compensation.

26. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein, A subset of transmission configuration indicator states is configured to be associated with Doppler precompensation via radio resource control signaling, wherein the Doppler precompensation indication is determined at least in part based on whether the first transmission configuration indicator state or the second transmission configuration indicator state is within the subset of transmission configuration indicator states.

27. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein, The Doppler pre-compensation indication is provided, at least in part, for each of the first transmit / receive point and the second transmit / receive point, based on one or more active transmission configuration indicator states.

28. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Media access control (MAC) elements are received from one or more of the first or second transmit / receive points, the MAC control elements including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication.

29. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Receive control channel communication associated with a control resource set, wherein the control channel communication schedules the single-frequency network communication; and The control channel communication is determined to be Doppler pre-compensated, at least in part, based on whether the control resource set is configured with Doppler pre-compensation parameters.

30. An apparatus for wireless communication at a first transmitting and receiving point, comprising: processor, Memory coupled to the processor; as well as Instructions, which are stored in the memory and can be executed by the processor, cause the device to perform the following operations: It is determined that Doppler precompensation will be used for single-frequency network communication from the first transmit / receive point to the first user equipment (UE); Sending a Doppler pre-compensation indication to the first UE regarding the single-frequency network communication being Doppler pre-compensated in association with the first transmission configuration indicator state and the second transmission configuration indicator state; and The single-frequency network communication is sent to the first UE.

31. The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: Downlink control information is sent to the first UE, the downlink control information including at least one bit providing the Doppler pre-compensation indication.

32. The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the following operations: An indication of a change in the state of the transmission configuration indicator is sent from one or more of the first or second transmit / receive points.

33. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: A unit for receiving a Doppler pre-compensation indication of single-frequency network communication associated with the first transmission configuration indicator state and the second transmission configuration indicator state; A unit for selecting the first transmission configuration indicator state and the second transmission configuration indicator state for the single-frequency network communication based at least in part on the Doppler pre-compensation indication; as well as A unit for receiving the single-frequency network communication based at least in part on the first transmission configuration indicator state and the second transmission configuration indicator state.

34. The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein: The unit for receiving the Doppler pre-compensation indication includes a unit for receiving an indication of a change in the state of a transmission configuration indicator from one or more of the first transmission receiving point or the second transmission receiving point.

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