Corn harvester straw crushing mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a corn harvester straw crushing mechanism, belonging to the technical field of corn harvesters. The mechanism comprises a rotary cutter rotatably mounted in the direction of straw falling, which gradually cuts the falling straw into segments; a mincing component, a mixing and cutting component, and a conveying component. The mincing component further minces and crushes the segmented straw, and the crushed material then falls into the mixing and cutting component below the mincing component. The mixing and cutting component is used to finally crush the crushed material by a rotary cutting method, and the crushed debris falls between two adjacent baffles on the conveying component. When a push block moves downward to squeeze the stack of straw between the two baffles, a trigger rod pushes the conveying component forward, and a pair of baffles moves below a pressing block. After the stack of straw is squeezed out, the pressing block squeezes the straw into a stack. The present invention crushes the straw more fully, reduces the space occupied by the straw debris, and facilitates the management and transportation of the straw debris.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of corn harvesters, and in particular to a corn harvester straw crushing mechanism with an extrusion function. Background Art

[0002] Corn harvester is a common agricultural machine, which is mainly divided into threshing harvester and ear picking harvester. The ear picking harvester removes the corn cobs from the corn stalks, while the threshing harvester not only removes the corn cobs, but also threshes the corn cobs. Figure 1 As shown by the dotted lines in the figure, a special ear-picking component is used, specifically two forward-slanted rotating components (the specific structure actually also has several axially arranged strip scrapers, which are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail). When the pair of rotating components moves forward, the straw removed from the front end of the harvester enters between the two rotating components. Since the two rotating components rotate in opposite directions, the straw moves toward the rear side of the harvester along the rotating components while moving downward, so that it is squeezed and fallen off above the two rotating components. The fallen corn cobs are transported to the rear side, and the lower end of the straw is gradually cut off by the rotary cutter installed in the accessories of the rotating component, cut into multiple sections and fall into the corresponding bin, thereby completing the crushing of the straw. This existing structural design has a high straw crushing speed, but the straw crushing is not sufficient. Since the straw itself has toughness, the rotary cutter may not be able to directly cut the hanging straw when it is rotary cut, resulting in the straw being successfully cut only once when it moves down to a long section. As a result, the straw that falls into the bin quickly fills up the harvester, and because it escapes, it is stuck between the two rotating parts at the top, affecting the normal picking of ears. Moreover, these scattered, fluffy straw segments of different sizes and lengths are very inconvenient to transport out, which is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, some users directly throw the straw segments out and sprinkle them in the fields for convenience. However, straw itself is actually a good fodder that can be eaten by cattle and sheep. Therefore, it is necessary to quickly collect and store it for recycling. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a corn harvester straw crushing mechanism in response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which solves the problems in the prior art of insufficient straw crushing, fluffy and scattered straw, difficulty in collection and transportation, and easy jamming of the harvester's ear picking parts.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a corn harvester straw crushing mechanism, comprising a rotary cutter rotatably mounted in the direction of straw falling, the rotary cutter gradually cutting the falling straw into segments; a mincing component, a mixing and cutting component, and a conveying component, the mincing component continuing to mince and crush the straw segments, and the crushed materials then falling into the mixing and cutting component below the mincing component, the mixing and cutting component being used to finally crush the crushed materials by a rotary cutting manner, and the crushed debris falling between two adjacent baffles on the conveying component;

[0006] The conveying component also includes a pair of transmission chains arranged in parallel front and back, with the baffle installed between the two transmission chains so that the baffle forms a plurality of gaps between the transmission chains; a pressure block, a push block and a trigger rod are arranged in sequence from left to right above the conveying component, wherein the trigger rod is elastically damped and hingedly connected to the push block; and a carrying plate, a material splicing belt and a wedge block are also installed from left to right below the horizontally arranged upper chain segment of the transmission chain, the carrying plate is arranged closely below the upper chain segment, and the top surface of the wedge block is an inclined slope, and the slope tends to decline to the right;

[0007] When the pushing block moves vertically downward, it drives the trigger rod to contact the slope surface and makes the trigger rod swing counterclockwise relative to the hinge point between the pushing block and the trigger rod. During the swinging process, the trigger rod drives the upper chain segment to move rightward due to contact with the right side wall of the first notch, and when the pushing block moves to the chip stack in the second notch directly below it, squeezes out the second notch downward and falls onto the material receiving belt, the pushing block moves down to the limit position. At the same time, the third notch of the upper chain segment is already located directly above the carrying plate, and the two baffles of the third notch are limited and supported by two groups of horizontal pressure-bearing members perpendicular to the transmission chain. At the same time, the two baffles and a pair of front and rear arranged enclosures together form a stacking cavity for accommodating the debris. When the pushing block moves vertically upward and retreats, the pressing block is vertically pressed down into the stacking cavity and then moves upward and reset.

[0008] In practice, the shape and size of the pushing block are consistent with those of the pressing block, and the trigger rod is tilted to the left before contacting the slope surface, and gradually tilts to the right during the contact process, and when the pushing block just enters and moves to the second notch directly below it, the trigger rod just slides out of the slope surface and is in a vertical position.

[0009] Furthermore, the horizontal pressure-bearing member is a telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is installed perpendicularly on one of the two panels arranged in the front and rear. The driving end of the telescopic rod is installed on the side surface of the panel facing away from each other, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod passes through the panel.

[0010] The horizontal pressure-bearing members include hydraulic rods fixedly mounted on the enclosure, which is driven by a pneumatic cylinder. The output end of each hydraulic rod is fixed to an L-shaped connecting plate, on which an electric push rod is mounted. Each connecting plate is fixed to a guard plate. When the two push rods are extended and close together, the two guard plates abut against the corresponding two baffles. The top of the trigger rod is hingedly connected to a connecting arm at the top of the push block, and a V-shaped spring is installed within the angle between the intersections.

[0011] Specifically, the mincing component comprises a pair of parallel rotating columns, each circumferentially mounted with a plurality of reamers, the reamers staggered between them. The mixing and cutting component comprises a mixing drum and a centrally mounted agitator shaft, axially mounted with a plurality of curved blades. The agitator shaft is perpendicular to the rotating columns and positioned vertically below and between the two columns. The transmission chain is a metal chain or a belt with a trapezoidal cross-section.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the corn harvester straw crushing mechanism provided by the present invention adds the processes of mincing and rotary stirring cutting on the basis of the original rotary cutter, so that the straw segments cut by the rotary cutter are finally crushed more thoroughly. On this basis, in order to give full play to the effect of this deep crushing, an additional conveying component is additionally provided to cooperate with a pressing block to squeeze the straw debris into piles. This mechanical "squeezing" is actually an alternative crushing effect, thereby saving storage space in the corresponding bin of the harvester, facilitating centralized discharge, and preventing the harvester silo from quickly filling up due to insufficient rotary cutting of the straw and the fluffiness of the straw itself, and preventing the straw from easily flowing into the pair of rotating parts of the harvester used for picking ears after the silo is full, thus avoiding jamming. Moreover, the straw debris piles squeezed into piles in real time can be transported and stored in piles, making it convenient to use them as cattle and sheep feed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of straw of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the conveying component of the present invention when it is about to arrive at the position where it cooperates with the pressing block and the pushing block;

[0015] Figure 3 Structural diagram of the conveying component reaching the point where it cooperates with the pressing block and the pushing block;

[0016] Figure 4-5 yes Figure 3 FIG2 is a top view of two specific implementation structures of the present invention at the supporting plate.

[0017] The accompanying drawings are described as follows: transmission chain 1, baffle 2, load-bearing plate 3, pressure block 4, enclosure 5, horizontal pressure-bearing member 6, push block 7, material connection belt 8, trigger rod 9, wedge block 10, spring 11, debris 12, chip pile 13, telescopic rod 14, hydraulic rod 15, connecting block 16, electric push rod 17, guard plate 18, rotating column 19, stirring rod 20, stirring barrel 21, rotary cutter 22, straw stalks being picked 23, corn 24, notch 25, cylinder 26, upper chain segment 101. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Those skilled in the art should know that the following embodiments are only some of the specific implementation structures or methods of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0019] See also Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a corn harvester straw crushing mechanism. Structurally, it is the same as the existing corn harvester and includes a rotary cutter 22 rotatably installed in the direction of straw falling. The rotary cutter 22 can be a fan blade-like structure. When the rotary cutter 22 rotates, it gradually cuts the falling straw into segments. In addition, in particular, the straw crushing mechanism of this embodiment further includes a chopping component, a mixing and cutting component and a conveying component, wherein the chopping component continues to chop and crush the segmented straw, and further chop the segmented straw so that the original rod-shaped straw segments are flattened and torn apart, and then the torn fragments fall into a mixing and cutting component below the chopping component. This mixing and cutting component is used to finally crush the torn straw fragments by rotating and cutting them again during the falling process, so as to obtain finer straw fragments 12. These crushed straw fragments 12 fall onto a conveying component, which is provided with several pairs of baffles 2, and these fragments 12 can fall between two adjacent baffles 2, so that they continue to be conveyed forward as the conveying component continues, for example Figure 2 As shown, it is transported to the right.

[0020] Specifically, if Figure 2-3As shown, in addition to several pairs of spaced-apart baffles 2, the conveying component of this embodiment also has a pair of transmission chains 1 arranged in parallel front and back, that is, two closed transmission chains 1 are symmetrically arranged front and back to form a direct transmission element of the conveying component. This transmission chain 1 can be a common metal chain or a common belt. It is preferably an isosceles trapezoidal structure in cross section, commonly known as a motor. A baffle 2 is installed between the two transmission chains 1 so that the baffle 2 forms several notches 25 between the transmission chains 1. During specific production, the baffle 2 is fixedly installed on the chain or belt. For example, for the chain, it can be directly welded and fixed to the surface of the chain link, which does not affect the meshing of the corresponding chain link with the sprocket teeth, and can keep the baffle 2 and the chain fixed as one. As the chain or belt moves together, and when part of the chain segment of the transmission chain 1 is in a horizontal position, that is, when the chain or belt moves to the upper part of the horizontal position, these baffles 2 are in a vertical posture, that is, standing upright on the transmission chain 1. Continue reading Figure 2 Above the conveying component, from left to right, are positioned a vertically movable pressure block 4, a push block 7, and a trigger rod 9. The push block 7 is hingedly connected to the trigger rod 9 with elastic damping, creating an elastic resistance when the trigger rod 9 rotates about the hinge point. Furthermore, in this embodiment, at the horizontal position of the transmission chain 1, i.e., the segment of the transmission chain 1 that has reached the horizontal position, this segment is comprised of two groups, the upper segment being designated as the upper segment 101. Immediately below the upper segment 101, from left to right, are mounted a support plate 3, a splicing belt 8, and a wedge block 10. The support plate 3 is positioned immediately below the upper segment 101, ensuring that the smooth transmission of the transmission chain 1 is not affected. Specifically, the transmission chain 1 can slide forward along the surface of the support plate 3. As for the wedge block 10 in this embodiment, its top surface is an inclined slope that slopes downward toward the right, with the right side preferably being vertical.

[0021] In actual use, when the push block 7 moves vertically downward, it can drive the trigger rod 9 to contact the slope, and Figure 2 As for the position shown in the figure, the trigger rod 9 can swing counterclockwise relative to the hinge point between the trigger rod 9 and the push block 7. During the swinging process, the trigger rod 9 is in contact with the first notch (not shown in the figure, i.e. Figure 2In the embodiment, the right side wall of an area (such as a rectangular hole) between the two baffles 2 into which the trigger rod 9 extends contacts and drives the upper chain segment 101 to move to the right, that is, after the trigger rod 9 extends into the first notch, it contacts the right side wall of the first notch and drives the conveying component to move forward a certain distance, and when the pushing block 7 moves to the second notch directly below it, the chip pile 13 (this chip pile 13 is actually the aforementioned straw debris 12 formed by the pressing block 4, such as a cubic grass block) is squeezed downward out of the second notch and falls onto the receiving belt 8, the pushing block 7 moves down to the limit position. At the same time, the third notch of the upper chain segment 101 is already directly above the supporting plate 3. This is because, when the trigger rod 9 contacts the side wall of the first notch, it drives the entire transmission chain 1 forward, or the conveying component moves to the right, so that the third notch just moves to directly above the supporting plate 3. In order to ensure that the pressing block 4 fully squeezes the straw debris 12 between the two baffles 2, the two baffles 2 of the third notch are limited and supported by two sets of horizontal pressure members 6 perpendicular to the transmission chain 1. That is, these pressure members block the opposite sides of the baffles 2 to prevent the two baffles 2 from deviating towards each other during squeezing, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity. At the same time, in order to form a closed squeezing area, such as Figure 2-3 The two baffles 2 and a pair of front and rear arranged enclosure plates 5 together form a stacking cavity for accommodating the debris 12. When the pushing block 7 moves up vertically and retreats, the trigger rod 9 rotates clockwise and resets due to the elastic force, so that it no longer pushes the side wall of the first notch. During this process, the conveying component stops moving forward, and at this time the pressing block 4 presses vertically down into the stacking cavity, compacting the debris 12 between the two baffles 2 that have moved into place at this time, and then the pressing block 4 moves up and resets, the pushing block 7 and the trigger rod 9 move downward again, pushing the conveying component forward, and squeezing the compacted chip stack 13 out from between the corresponding two baffles 2. Of course, the pushing block 7 can be empty extrusion, and it is not necessary to squeeze a chip stack 13 every time. It can only be pressed into the empty space between the two baffles 2. Its purpose is only to cooperate with the trigger rod 9 to push the conveying component forward. These specific details can be adaptively designed and selected by those skilled in the art.

[0022] As a very important design detail, in order to fully squeeze out the chip pile 13 between the two baffles 2 that have moved into place, the shape and size of the push block 7 are consistent with those of the pressure block 4, which can effectively squeeze out the chip pile 13. However, there are special features in the design of the structure and position installation at this time. That is, before contacting the slope, the trigger rod 9 is tilted to the left (not shown in the figure). During the contact process, it gradually swings to the right. When the push block 7 just enters and moves to the second notch directly below it, the trigger rod 9 just slides out of the slope and is in a vertical position. Of course, the right side of the corresponding wedge block 10 should not exceed the right inner wall of the first notch. With this design, even if the trigger rod 9 and the pressure block 4 continue to move downward, the trigger rod 9 is in close contact with the right vertical surface of the wedge block 10, and therefore will not exert further pushing effect on the side wall of the first notch. Therefore, the conveying component stops moving forward at this time, so that the debris 12 that has moved into place can be pressed vertically downward into a pile by the pressure block 4. This design is more reasonable and does not need to consider the problem of the extreme position accuracy of the downward movement of the pushing block 7 and the trigger rod 9. It is simpler and more reliable.

[0023] Continue reading Figure 4 , the above-mentioned horizontal pressure-bearing member 6 can be a telescopic rod 14. On one of the two panels 5 arranged in the front and rear, a telescopic rod 14 is installed perpendicular to it. The driving end of the telescopic rod 14 is installed on the side surface of the panel 5 that are away from each other. The telescopic end of the telescopic rod 14 passes through the panel 5, and when it is not extended, its end is located inside the panel 5, so as not to affect the passage of the baffle 2.

[0024] In addition, Figure 5 As shown, the horizontal pressure-bearing member 6 of this embodiment can also be a hydraulic rod 15, which is fixedly mounted on the enclosure 5 driven to move by the cylinder 26. The output end of each hydraulic rod 15 is fixedly connected to an L-shaped connecting plate, and an electric push rod 17 is installed on each connecting plate. A guard plate 18 is fixed on each electric push rod 17. When the two electric push rods 17 are extended and approach each other, the two guard plates 18 press against the two corresponding baffles 2. When in use, the two guard plates 18 are away from each other, and the rear enclosure 5 and its fixed hydraulic rod 15 and other components are moved to the rear side of the corresponding baffle 2 by the cylinder 26, so that the baffle 2 is located between the two guard plates 18, and the enclosure 5 surrounds the rear side of the baffle 2, driving the hydraulic rod 15, and the two guard plates 18 are close to the two plates, which can also form a cavity for stamping debris 12.

[0025] For the elastic damping hinge of the trigger rod 9, a simple and effective implementation structure is that the top end of the trigger rod 9 is cross-hinged with the top of the push block 7 through a connecting arm, and a V-shaped spring 11 is installed in the angle of the intersection to well realize the function of the trigger rod 9 swinging clockwise to reset when the trigger rod 9 moves upward and retreats.

[0026] As a specific embodiment, Figure 1 The mincing component of this embodiment includes a pair of rotating columns 19 arranged parallel to each other. A plurality of reamers are circumferentially mounted on the two rotating columns 19. The reamers on the two rotating columns 19 are staggered with each other, thereby flattening, cutting, and shredding the straw segments that enter between the two rotating columns 19. The aforementioned mixing and cutting component can structurally include a mixing barrel 21 and a mixing shaft mounted in the center of the mixing barrel 21. A plurality of arc-shaped blades are mounted axially on the mixing shaft. The mixing shaft is arranged perpendicular to the rotating columns 19 and is vertically located below the two rotating columns 19. When the crushed material falls into the mixing barrel 21, it is broken and chopped by the high-speed rotating blades, so that it falls from the mixing barrel 21 to between the pair of baffles 2 of the transport component that has been transported to the position between the two baffles 2. Specifically, it can be transported to the position between the two baffles 2 through a pipeline, or it can directly fall between the two baffles 2.

[0027] It should be noted again that, in the present invention, the terms "include", "comprising" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Therefore, a person of ordinary skill in the art should be aware that any technical solution that a person familiar with this technical field modifies or replaces this embodiment based on the technical principles disclosed in the present invention without departing from the technical purpose of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn harvester straw crushing mechanism, comprising a rotary cutter (22) rotatably mounted in the direction of straw falling, wherein the rotary cutter (22) gradually cuts the falling straw into segments; characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a chopping component, a mixing and cutting component and a conveying component. The chopping component continues to chop and crush the segmented straw, and the crushed material then falls into the mixing and cutting component below the chopping component. The mixing and cutting component is used to finally crush the crushed material in a rotary cutting manner, and the crushed debris (12) falls between two adjacent baffles (2) on the conveying component. The conveying component also includes a pair of transmission chains (1) arranged in parallel front and back, and the baffle (2) is installed between the two transmission chains (1) so that the baffle (2) forms a plurality of gaps between the transmission chains (1); a pressure block (4), a push block (7) and a touch rod (9) which can move vertically are arranged in sequence from left to right above the conveying component, wherein the touch rod (9) is elastically damped and hingedly connected to the push block (7); and a bearing plate (3), a material connection belt (8) and a wedge block (10) are also installed from left to right below the horizontally arranged upper chain segment (101) of the transmission chain (1), the bearing plate (3) is arranged close to the lower side of the upper chain segment (101), and the top end surface of the wedge block (10) is an inclined slope surface, and the slope surface has a downward slope trend toward the right; When the pushing block (7) moves vertically downward, the trigger rod (9) is driven to contact the slope surface, and the trigger rod (9) is caused to swing counterclockwise relative to the hinge point between the pushing block (7) and the trigger rod (9). During the swinging process, the trigger rod (9) contacts the right side wall of the first notch, thereby driving the upper chain segment (101) to move rightward, and when the pushing block (7) moves to the chip pile (13) in the second notch directly below it, squeezes downward out of the second notch and falls onto the material splicing belt (8), the pushing block (7) ) moves down to the extreme position. At the same time, the third notch of the upper chain segment (101) is already located directly above the bearing plate (3). The two baffles (2) of the third notch are limited and supported by two sets of horizontal pressure-bearing members (6) perpendicular to the transmission chain (1). At the same time, the two baffles (2) and a pair of front and rear panels (5) together form a stacking cavity for accommodating the debris (12). When the push block (7) moves up vertically and retreats, the pressing block (4) is vertically pressed down into the stacking cavity and then moves up to reset.

2. The corn harvester straw crushing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shape and size of the pushing block (7) are consistent with those of the pressing block (4), and the trigger rod (9) is tilted to the left before contacting the slope surface, and gradually tilts to the right during the contact process, and when the pushing block (7) just enters and moves to the second notch directly below it, the trigger rod (9) just slides out of the slope surface and is in a vertical position.

3. The corn harvester straw crushing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal pressure-bearing member (6) is a telescopic rod (14), which is mounted perpendicularly to one of the two enclosures (5) arranged front and rear. The driving end of the telescopic rod (14) is mounted on a surface of one side of the enclosure (5) that is away from each other, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (14) passes through the enclosure (5).

4. The corn harvester straw crushing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal pressure-bearing member (6) includes a hydraulic rod (15), which is fixedly mounted on a panel (5) driven to move by a cylinder (26). An L-shaped connecting plate is fixedly connected to the output end of each hydraulic rod (15), and an electric push rod (17) is mounted on each connecting plate. A guard plate (18) is fixed on each electric push rod (17). When the two electric push rods (17) are extended and moved closer to each other, the two guard plates (18) abut against the two corresponding baffles (2).

5. The corn harvester straw crushing mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top end of the trigger rod (9) is cross-hinged with a connecting arm at the top of the push block (7), and a V-shaped spring (11) is installed in the angle of the intersection.

6. The corn harvester straw crushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mincing component comprises a pair of rotating columns (19) arranged parallel to each other, a plurality of reamers are circumferentially mounted on the two rotating columns (19), and the reamers on the two rotating columns (19) are staggered with each other.

7. The corn harvester straw crushing mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mixing and cutting component includes a mixing barrel (21) and a mixing shaft installed in the center of the mixing barrel (21). The mixing shaft is axially installed with a plurality of arc-shaped blades. The mixing shaft is vertically arranged with the rotating columns (19) and is vertically located below the two rotating columns (19).

8. The corn harvester straw crushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission chain (1) is a metal chain or a belt with a trapezoidal cross section.

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