Application of a water-soluble packaging bag in reducing pesticide use and increasing efficiency

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of pesticides and packaging, the technical field of B65D85 / 804, and specifically to the application of a water-soluble packaging bag in the technology of reducing the use of pesticides and increasing their efficiency. The water-soluble packaging bag agent is dispersed in water to obtain a spraying agent, and then sprayed for application; the water-soluble packaging bag agent includes a water-soluble packaging bag and a solid or liquid non-aqueous agent encapsulated in the water-soluble packaging bag; the shear viscosity of the spraying agent is not less than 1 mPa·s; the static surface tension of the spraying agent is not higher than 45 mN / m. In the present invention, the pesticide agent is encapsulated in a water-soluble packaging bag, which avoids direct contact between the user and the pesticide, and the user will not contact and inhale dust and solvents, thereby improving the health and safety protection of the user; the water-soluble packaging bag can also eliminate the problem of pesticide waste caused by the adhesion of the packaging, and the packaging material is dissolved in the pesticide liquid to improve the physical and chemical properties of the liquid for regulating the efficiency of the pesticide dosage delivery, which not only increases the effective use of the entire dosage, but also reduces the damage of the residual pesticide packaging waste bags to the environment and the public.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides and packaging, to the technical field of B65D85 / 804, and in particular to the application of a water-soluble packaging bag in reducing the application of pesticides and increasing their efficiency. Background Art

[0002] Pesticide packaging waste refers to packaging containers with residual pesticides that are discarded or abandoned after being used to hold or package pesticides. At present, the amount of pesticide packaging waste is huge, which has caused serious impacts on the farmland environment. According to statistics, every 667m 2 There are 10 to 14 pesticide packaging materials left on farmland, and more than 300 million pesticide packaging materials are discarded every year. my country uses a large amount of pesticides, and the number of packaging materials is astonishing. With the extensive use of pesticides, a large number of pesticide packaging wastes such as empty medicine bottles and empty plastic packaging bags containing pesticide residues are scattered in rural fields, and the environmental pollution hazards caused by pesticide packaging waste in farmland are becoming increasingly prominent. At present, pesticide packaging waste pollution has become a prominent problem in agricultural environmental remediation. If it is not effectively managed, the environmental problems it brings will have an adverse impact on residents' health, water source protection, rural environmental beautification and new rural construction.

[0003] Chinese patent CN 209112696 U discloses a completely biodegradable powder pesticide packaging bag, which mainly solves the environmental pollution problem of powder packaging. Chinese patent CN107177148 discloses a modified starch-PVA-based composite express packaging bag film and preparation method, which are used to solve the waste pollution problem of disposable express packaging bags. Although the use of the above-mentioned degradable packaging bags can solve the pollution problem of pesticide packaging to a certain extent; the water-degradable packaging bags have an isolation effect on the outer packaging, which is convenient for recycling and avoids environmental pollution; and the users can use the medicine accurately and avoid dust inhalation. However, the packaging bag can only improve the degradation performance and avoid environmental pollution, and cannot achieve a synergistic effect on the pesticide components.

[0004] In addition, although the use of pesticides can improve agricultural production efficiency, pesticides will directly enter the soil when used, causing serious pollution problems to water and soil, and have adverse effects on the ecological environment. Therefore, while ensuring the insecticidal effect, the use of pesticides should be reduced as much as possible. In general, most pesticides need to be diluted twice before application and used by spraying. In the entire dose transmission process of the pesticide reaching the target interface, the following action processes are included: 1. Secondary dispersion of pesticide preparations; 2. Transmission of pesticide preparations in space after atomization; 3. The action process of pesticide droplets at the solid-liquid interface. Each process has different degrees of loss. In the third process, the loss rate is the largest, reaching 35%, due to the bouncing and rolling of droplets on the surface of crops. Due to the above losses, the amount of pesticide used increases, and at the same time the effect of application is not maximized. Therefore, further optimization and improvement of the above application process can reduce the bouncing and sliding of the liquid medicine, so that the liquid medicine can fully exert its efficacy and reduce the amount of pesticides used, which has very good social and economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a water-soluble packaging bag that can achieve the application of pesticide application technology without generating waste while achieving the goal of reducing pesticide application and increasing efficiency. The water-soluble packaging bag agent is dissolved in water to obtain a spray agent, which is then sprayed for application. The water-soluble packaging bag agent includes a water-soluble packaging bag and a solid or liquid non-aqueous agent encapsulated in the water-soluble packaging bag. The shear viscosity of the spray agent is not less than 1 mPa·s. The static surface tension of the spray agent is not higher than 45 mN / m.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the shear viscosity of the sprayable agent is 1 to 20 mPa·s; further preferably, the shear viscosity of the sprayable agent is 1 to 5 mPa·s.

[0007] In the present application, the agent is encapsulated in a water-soluble packaging bag, and then the dissolution characteristics of the packaging bag in water are utilized to dissolve the bag agent in water to release the encapsulated materials to form a sprayable agent, and then spray the agent to achieve the purpose of use. The applicant has found that the shear viscosity of the sprayable agent formed by the dispersion of the packaging bag agent in water has a crucial influence on the reduction and efficiency increase. The shear viscosity of the sprayable agent can effectively reduce the initial kinetic energy of the droplets in the form of internal energy consumption. The higher shear viscosity helps to suppress the bouncing of the droplets, which is beneficial to the secondary dispersion stability of the pesticide solution. If the shear viscosity is too small, it is easy to cause the agent to bounce and lose on the crop surface. However, too high a shear viscosity increases the surface tension of the system, affecting the wettability and full spreading of the agent on the surface of the spraying object.

[0008] The term "shear viscosity" in the present invention refers to the ratio of shear stress to shear rate under steady flow conditions, and is obtained by a small test at 20° C. and 80 rpm.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the static surface tension of the spraying agent is 25-45 mN / m; further preferably, the static surface tension of the spraying agent is 29-34 mN / m.

[0010] The term "static surface tension" in the present invention refers to the surface force generated by the cohesion and adsorption of the liquid. The static surface tension is obtained by testing using the hanging plate method in the present application.

[0011] In the process of completing the present invention, it was found that lower surface tension can make the spraying agent fully wet and spread on the surface of the sprayed object, and can also effectively suppress the bouncing of the spraying agent droplets. However, the lower the surface tension of the spraying agent, the more likely it is that the droplets will break and splash, and the droplets attached to the surface of the leaves are easy to slide and lose, which is not conducive to improving the efficiency of the dosage delivery of the liquid medicine. As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the water-soluble packaging bag contain 3 to 25wt% of solid filler particles; the particle size of the solid filler particles is 15 to 500nm; further preferably, the particle size of the solid filler particles is 300 to 400nm.

[0012] The water-soluble packaging bag agent in the present application contains an appropriate amount of solid filler particles, and the solid filler particles are preferably nano-scale particles. The applicant has found that the use of an appropriate amount of nanoparticles helps the adhesion of the spraying agent droplets on the surface of the sprayed object, helps to suppress the bouncing of the droplets, and is beneficial to the secondary dispersion stability of the pesticide solution. However, if the particle size of the solid filler particles is too large, the solid particles cannot be embedded in the micro-nano structure and cannot fully play the adhesion-promoting property on the surface of the sprayed object. When the particle size is too small, on the one hand, it is easy to agglomerate and cannot be well dispersed, and on the other hand, the cost of raw materials is greatly increased.

[0013] The present invention does not specifically limit the specific types of solid filler particles added when preparing water-soluble packaging bags, including but not limited to sea sand, hollow microspheres, calcium carbonate, dolomite, pyrophyllite, talc, kaolin, baked granular bentonite, zeolite, fumed silica, attapulgite, etc.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the water-soluble packaging bag include a water-soluble high molecular polymer; the content of the water-soluble high molecular polymer in the sprayable agent is 0.005-2wt%. When the content (i.e., concentration) of the water-soluble high molecular polymer in the system is too high, the shear viscosity of the sprayable agent is increased, which affects the full wetting and spreading of the agent on the surface of the sprayed object.

[0015] In the present application, there is no particular limitation on the specific type of water-soluble polymer for preparing water-soluble packaging bags. Various types of water-soluble polymer materials familiar to those skilled in the art can be selected, including but not limited to water-soluble natural polymer materials, such as chitosan, cellulose, starch, gum arabic, sodium alginate, carboxymethyl starch, acetate starch, hydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc. Synthetic water-soluble polymers can also be used, including but not limited to polyacrylamide, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, etc.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water-soluble high molecular polymer includes polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol.

[0017] The specific selection of the polyvinyl alcohol in the present application is not particularly limited, including but not limited to PVA-0599, PVA-1399, PVA-1599, PVA-1799, PVA-2099, PVA-2299, PVA-2499, PVA-0588, PVA-1788, PVA-2088, PVA-2288, PVA 217, PVA 205 and PVA-2488.

[0018] The specific selection of the polyethylene oxide in the present application is not particularly limited, including but not limited to PEO-400, PEO-10, etc.

[0019] In the preparation process of the water-soluble packaging bag in the present application, in addition to water-soluble high molecular polymers and solid filler particles, other additives may be added, including but not limited to compatibilizers, stabilizers, plasticizers, tackifiers, surfactants, etc.

[0020] The preparation method of the water-soluble packaging bag is not particularly limited in the present application and can be prepared according to conventional means in the art, for example, the water-soluble packaging film material can be prepared by wet casting method, dry melt blowing method, etc.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water-soluble packaging bag is made by packaging with a water-soluble packaging film; the thickness of the water-soluble packaging film is 10 to 80 μm; further preferably, the thickness of the water-soluble packaging film is 20 to 60 μm.

[0022] In order to ensure that the pesticide can be fully packaged and the integrity of the bag can be guaranteed during transportation and storage, and it is not easy to be damaged, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tensile strength of the water-soluble packaging film is not less than 15MPa; preferably, the tensile strength of the water-soluble packaging film is not less than 20MPa; further preferably, the tensile strength of the water-soluble packaging film is not less than 22Mpa; further preferably, the tensile strength of the water-soluble packaging film is not less than 25Mpa.

[0023] In some embodiments, the elongation at break of the water-soluble packaging film is not less than 150%; preferably, the elongation at break of the water-soluble packaging film is not less than 200%. In some embodiments, the right-angle tearing force of the water-soluble packaging film is not less than 75 kN / m; preferably, the right-angle tearing force of the water-soluble packaging film is not less than 85 kN / m.

[0024] When testing the mechanical properties of the water-soluble packaging film described in the present application, the water content of the water-soluble packaging film is 6-8wt%. The applicant found that less water content in the water-soluble packaging film will cause the finished bag to be hard and brittle, and the seal will be falsely sealed; if the water content of the water-soluble packaging film is too high, the tension is too small, which affects the normal use of the packaging film. The effect is best when the water content is within the range of 6-8%. The water content described in the present invention is detected by a moisture testing instrument.

[0025] The tensile strength, tear strength, elongation at break and other properties of the water-soluble packaging film described in the present invention are obtained by testing in accordance with ISO1184-1983 "Testing of tensile properties of plastic films". If there is no corresponding precision tensile equipment, a 5kg tensile gauge can be used for testing. The tensile gauge is adjusted to zero 1 cm (2 layers) before hooking the sealing line, and the sealing line is pulled outward with one hand, and the weight exceeds 1.2 kg.

[0026] In the present application, the water-soluble packaging bag agent is dissolved in water to obtain a spray agent, and then the spray agent is sprayed. The specific spraying method is not particularly limited in the present application. In some embodiments, the spray pressure of the spray agent is controlled at 0.1 to 0.8 MPa; preferably, the spray pressure is 0.1 to 0.5 MPa; further preferably, the spray pressure is 0.15 to 0.4 MPa.

[0027] In this application, the droplet particle size D formed by the spraying step is 90 No more than 290 microns; further spraying forms a droplet diameter D 50 The range is 150-185 microns. On the one hand, if the particle size is too high, the amount of sprayed medicine deposited is too high and uneven, which cannot achieve the purpose of reducing the amount of medicine and increasing the efficiency. On the other hand, if the particle size is too small, it is easy to drift and evaporate during the spraying process, resulting in a decrease in the deposition rate, which also affects the effect of reducing the amount of medicine and increasing the efficiency.

[0028] The present invention does not specifically limit the specific type of solid or liquid non-aqueous agent packaged in the water-soluble packaging bag, and many dosage forms of conventional pesticide agents in the art can be used, including but not limited to wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, emulsifiable concentrates, dispersible oil suspensions, microcapsule sustained-release agents, etc.

[0029] The technical solution of this application has the following technical effects :

[0030] In the present invention, the pesticide agent is encapsulated by a water-soluble wrapper, which avoids direct contact between the user and the pesticide, and the user will not contact and inhale dust and solvents, thereby improving the health and safety protection of the user. Secondly, in the present application, the pesticide agent is encapsulated by a water-soluble wrapper, which can also eliminate the problem of pesticide waste caused by the adhesion of the packaging and the attachment of the pesticide to the packaging, which not only increases the effective use of the entire dose, but also reduces the damage to the environment and the public caused by the residual pesticide packaging waste bags. Moreover, by optimizing and regulating the shear viscosity, surface tension, solid particle content and particle size of the spraying agent formed after the water-soluble packaging bag agent is dissolved in water, and the water dissolution time of the water-soluble packaging bag agent, the wetting and spreading of the liquid on the surface of the sprayed object are effectively improved, the bounce thereof is suppressed, the dosage transmission efficiency of the pesticide is improved, and the effect of reducing the application and increasing the efficiency is achieved, which is beneficial to the environment and public health. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a bouncing behavior diagram of spraying the spray agent on the surface of the PTFE membrane at different time periods using the methods of the embodiment and the comparative example.

[0032] Figure 2 The bouncing behavior diagrams of different solutions of sethoxydim, sethoxydim and PTFE membrane as the base material added to the packaging bag raw material.

[0033] Figure 3 The bouncing behavior diagram of different solutions with sethoxydim and sethoxydim as the base material of the packaging bag.

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of water solubility detection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment provides an application of a water-soluble packaging bag in the technology of reducing the amount of pesticides used and increasing their effectiveness, which is to disperse the water-soluble packaging bag agent in water to obtain a spray agent and then spray the agent; the water-soluble packaging bag agent includes a water-soluble packaging bag and a liquid non-aqueous agent acephate emulsifiable concentrate encapsulated in the water-soluble packaging bag.

[0037] The shear viscosity of the sprayable agent is 2.1 mPa·s; the static surface tension of the sprayable agent is 42.607 mN / m; the content of the water-based high molecular polymer in the sprayable agent is 1 wt%; the water-soluble packaging bag is made by encapsulating a water-soluble packaging film, wherein the thickness of the water-soluble packaging film is 40 μm; the raw materials for preparing the water-soluble packaging film, in terms of mass percentage, include:

[0038] Sodium stearate 2%

[0039] Aerosil R974 5%

[0040] Ethylene glycol 5%

[0041] PVA 205 Remainder;

[0042] According to the above formula, weigh the corresponding materials, put sodium stearate, Aerosil R974, ethylene glycol and water into the reactor, stir evenly; then slowly add PVA205, stir while adding, stirring speed 500r / min; after completion, heat to 90 degrees and keep warm for 1.5h; then slowly stir until defoaming is completed, through the casting process, dry to obtain a water-soluble PVA film; finally, the product is obtained through the slitting, heat sealing and bag making processes. Among them, sodium stearate was purchased from Shandong Liang New Materials Co., Ltd.; Aerosil R974 is a solid filler particle with a particle size of 15nm, purchased from Evonik Degussa Industrial Co., Ltd.; ethylene glycol was purchased from Shandong Qingdatong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; PVA 205 was purchased from Kuraray International Trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., and its molecular weight was 25000.

[0043] Then the spraying agent was added to the spraying equipment and sprayed at a pressure of 0.15 MPa. The nozzle model used was ST110-03, and the spraying heights were 20 cm, 30 cm, and 60 cm. The spraying parameters and results are shown in Table 1 below, where Comparative Example 1 is a case in which no water-soluble packaging bag was used.

[0044] Table 1

[0045]

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This embodiment provides an application of a water-soluble packaging bag in the technology of reducing the amount of pesticides used and increasing their effectiveness, which is to disperse the water-soluble packaging bag agent in water to obtain a spray agent and then spray the agent; the water-soluble packaging bag agent includes a water-soluble packaging bag and a liquid non-aqueous agent acephate emulsifiable concentrate encapsulated in the water-soluble packaging bag.

[0048] The shear viscosity of the sprayable agent is 1.4 mPa·s; the static surface tension of the sprayable agent is 35.884 mN / m; the water-soluble packaging bag is prepared by packaging with a water-soluble packaging film, wherein the thickness of the water-soluble packaging film is 35 μm; the raw materials for preparing the water-soluble packaging film, in terms of mass percentage, include:

[0049] Sodium laurate 3%

[0050] Attapulgite 8%

[0051] Propylene glycol 8%

[0052] PVA 217 Residue

[0053] According to the above formula, weigh the corresponding materials, put sodium laurate, attapulgite, propylene glycol and water into the reactor, stir evenly; then slowly add PVA217, stir while adding, stirring speed 500r / min; after completion, heat to 90 degrees and keep warm for 1.5h; then slowly stir until defoaming is completed, through the casting process, dry to obtain a water-soluble PVA film; finally, the product is obtained through the slitting, heat sealing and bag making processes. Among them, sodium stearate was purchased from Shandong Liang New Materials Co., Ltd.; attapulgite is a solid filler particle with a particle size of 319nm, purchased from Changzhou Jeffson Technology Co., Ltd.; propylene glycol was purchased from Shandong Qingdatong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; PVA 217 was purchased from Kuraray International Trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., and its molecular weight is 85000.

[0054] Then the spraying agent was added to the spraying equipment and sprayed at a pressure of 0.15 MPa. The nozzle model used was ST110-03, and the spraying heights were 20 cm, 30 cm, and 60 cm. The spraying parameters and results are shown in Table 2 below, where Comparative Example 2 is a case in which no water-soluble packaging bag was used.

[0055] Table 2

[0056]

[0057] Example 3

[0058] This embodiment provides an application of a water-soluble packaging bag in the technology of reducing the amount of pesticides used and increasing their effectiveness, which is to disperse the water-soluble packaging bag agent in water to obtain a spray agent and then spray the agent; the water-soluble packaging bag agent includes a water-soluble packaging bag and a liquid non-aqueous agent acephate emulsifiable concentrate encapsulated in the water-soluble packaging bag.

[0059] The shear viscosity of the sprayable agent is 1.0 mPa·s; the static surface tension of the sprayable agent is 40.103 mN / m; the water-soluble packaging bag is prepared by packaging with a water-soluble packaging film, wherein the thickness of the water-soluble packaging film is 55 μm; the raw materials for preparing the water-soluble packaging film, in terms of mass percentage, include:

[0060]

[0061] According to the above formula, weigh the corresponding materials, put sodium palmitate, attapulgite, propylene glycol and water into the reactor, stir evenly; then slowly add PVA217, stir while adding, stirring speed 500r / min; after completion, heat to 90 degrees and keep warm for 1.5h; then slowly stir until defoaming is completed, through the casting process, dry to obtain a water-soluble PVA film; finally, the product is obtained through the slitting, heat sealing and bag making processes. Among them, sodium palmitate was purchased from Shanghai Guchen Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; attapulgite is a solid filler particle with a particle size of 319nm, purchased from Changzhou Jefferson Technology Co., Ltd.; ethylene glycol was purchased from Shandong Qingdatong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; PVA 217 was purchased from Kuraray International Trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., and its molecular weight is 85000.

[0062] Then the spraying agent was added to the spraying equipment and sprayed at a pressure of 0.15 MPa. The nozzle model used was ST110-03, and the spraying heights were 20 cm, 30 cm, and 60 cm. The spraying parameters and results are shown in Table 3 below, where Comparative Example 3 is a case in which no water-soluble packaging bag was used.

[0063] Table 3

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] The applicant conducted mechanical property tests on the water-soluble packaging film samples in the above embodiments, mainly based on ISO1184-1983 "Test for tensile properties of plastic films" standard. The test results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0067] Table 4 Mechanical properties test results

[0068] Tensile strength / Mpa Elongation at break / % Example 1 17.85 225.65 Example 2 32.69 375.51 Example 3 30.25 353.25

[0069] After the applicant used the water-soluble packaging film in the above embodiment to prepare the water-soluble packaging bag to encapsulate 30wt% acephate emulsifiable concentrate, the water solubility of the obtained water-soluble packaging bag sample was tested. The specific operation is as follows (see the operation diagram Figure 4 ):

[0070] (1) Take a 40mm*40mm water-soluble packaging film.

[0071] (2) Use one side of a 40mm*40mm metal photo frame to clamp the film to ensure that the sample film is flat.

[0072] (3) Add water: Take 800 mL of 10℃ water and add it to a 1000 mL beaker.

[0073] (4) Use a clip to clamp one end of the film material on the metal photo frame.

[0074] (5) Turn on the power button of the magnetic stirrer and adjust the current and speed knob until the depth of the vortex on the liquid surface reaches the same depth as the liquid.

[0075] (6) Immerse the photo frame completely and vertically in the water, making sure it does not hit the stirring rod, and start a stopwatch to calculate the time.

[0076] (7) Observe and record the following times:

[0077] The time for the film to be completely separated from the photo frame (after complete separation, the photo frame is moved away from the water surface);

[0078] Time for film to completely dissolve.

[0079] The specific time is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Bouncing simulation experiment of pesticide droplets on the target interface: 30wt% acephate emulsifiable concentrate was sealed and packaged in the water-soluble packaging bags in the above Examples 1 to 3 to obtain three samples, and high molecular weight polymer polyvinyl alcohol (Comparative Example 1) and surfactant polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether (Triton X 100) (Comparative Example 2) were added to the above emulsifiable concentrate to conduct a bouncing simulation experiment. A single droplet generator was used to obtain droplets with controllable particle size. After being released at different heights, it was observed whether the droplets bounced after colliding with the target surface; if they bounced, the bounce height needed to be measured, and if they were deposited, the wetting process needed to be observed. The simulation test results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0082] Table 5

[0083] Simulation experiment results Example 1 No bounce, contact angle is 53° Example 2 No bounce, contact angle is 62° Example 3 No bounce, contact angle is 45° Comparative Example 1 No bounce, contact angle is 89° Comparative Example 2 No bounce, contact angle is 49° Blank control Bounce, the highest bounce height is 2.6cm

[0084] It can be seen from the above experimental results that the water-soluble packaging bag agent in the present invention can inhibit the bouncing of pesticide droplets on the target interface, thereby increasing the deposition amount of pesticide droplets on the target surface, thereby synergistically enhancing the efficacy.

[0085] Field testing

[0086] 1. Experiment on reducing dosage and increasing efficacy of 30% acephate EC

[0087] This experiment has revealed the control effect of 30% acephate EC and the main ingredients used to prepare water-soluble packaging bags on rice leaf folder and striped stem borer, as well as its safety to rice, providing a scientific basis for the promotion and application of the agent.

[0088] 1.1. Selection of experimental subjects, crops and varieties: Rice leaf folder (Cnaphalocrocismedinalis (Guenée)); Chilo suppressalis (Walker)); Rice (variety: K You 117, bred by Southern Zhejiang Rice Breeding Center, Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Province).

[0089] 1.2. Environmental or facility cultivation conditions: The experiment was conducted in the rice fields of Longwangmiao Village, Chunhua Town, Changsha County, Hunan Province. The soil in the experimental field was light reddish yellow mud, with a pH value of 6.5 and an organic matter content of about 2.0%. It was planted as a double-season late rice, sown on June 25, 2020, and broadcast on July 15, 2020, with a density of 375,000 clumps / hm2.

[0090] 1.3. Test agents: Test agent: 30% acephate EC (acephate), adjuvants: polymer materials, solid particles and surfactants (Triton X-110, Triton X-114); the above agents and adjuvants are provided by China Agricultural University. Control agent: 30% acephate EC (acephate, PD86176-4), ADAMA Limited, provided by China Agricultural University.

[0091] The results of the field investigation (Table 6) show that 30% acephate EC (experimental agent) is difficult to control the damage of rice leaf folder and striped stem borer. The leaf protection effect of 125-175mL / 667m2 treatment on rice leaf folder is only 55.83%-68.15%, while the seedling protection effect on striped stem borer is only 44.65%-72.45%.

[0092] During the test, 30% acephate EC (test agent) was used alone at 225 mL / 667 m 2 The treatment had a general control effect on rice leaf folder and striped stem borer, with control effects of 68.15% and 72.45% respectively, slightly better than the control agent - 30% acephate EC (Sanonda) 225mL / 667m 2After adding adjuvants (polymer (PVA 1788), polymer (PVA 1788) + solid particles (attapulgite), TritonX-110 and Triton X-114), the control effect on rice leaf roller and striped stem borer increased (increase of 1.96% to 12.22%), but there were no significant differences between the adjuvant treatments; among them, adding polymer (PVA 1788) + solid particles (attapulgite) 3 + 3g / 667m 2 The treatment had the best effect (the control effect was as high as 80.27% and 84.67%, respectively), followed by adding polymer (PVA 1788) 3g / 667m 2 Treatment, Triton X-114 60mL / 667m 2 Treatment and Triton X-110 60mL / 667m 2 deal with.

[0093] 30% acephate EC (experimental agent) 175mL / 667m 2 The control effect of the treatment on rice leaf folder and striped stem borer was poor, and the control effect was below 65%. After adding adjuvants (polymer (PVA 1788), Triton X-110 and Triton X-114), the control effect on rice leaf folder and striped stem borer increased (increase of 4.41% to 18.10%), but the addition of polymer (PVA 1788) 15g / 667m 2 Except for treatment), the addition of polymer (PVA 1788) 1.5g / 667m 2 The treatment had the best effect (the control effect reached 79.26% and 81.36% respectively), followed by adding Triton X-114 60mL / 667m 2 Treatment, Triton X-110 60mL / 667m 2 Treatment and polymer 3g / 667m 2 Processing, and adding polymer (PVA1788) 15g / 667m 2 The treatment effect was poor (even lower than that of 30% acephate EC (experimental agent) alone 175mL / 667m 2 This indicates that excessive dosage of the polymer (PVA 1788) may have an antagonistic effect on acephate.

[0094] Table 6

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] The survey data are the average values ​​of three replicates, and different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the P = 0.05 level.

[0098] Table 7 shows the physicochemical properties of the above-mentioned drugs.

[0099]

[0100] In summary, the control effect of 30% acephate EC on rice leaf folder and striped stem borer was average, and only the high dose of 225mL / 667m 2 There is a certain control effect on the above two pests. After adding adjuvants, most treatments can effectively reduce the dosage of acephate, among which the best effect is the treatment with polymer (PVA 1788) + solid particles (attapulgite), followed by polymer, Triton X-114 and Triton X-110; but when adding polymer, the concentration should be carefully selected, that is: low concentration (preparation dosage 1.5g / 667m 2 , equivalent to dilution 30000 / 1.5 = 20000 times), significantly improving the control effect of acephate on rice leaf roller and striped stem borer, while too high a concentration (15g / 667m 2 , which is equivalent to dilution 30000 / 15=2000 times) is not conducive to the efficacy of acephate.

[0101] Conclusion and evaluation: Field observation and visual inspection found that during the rice rupture period, spraying 30% acephate EC 125-225mL / 667m 2 In order to effectively control the damage of rice leaf roller and rice stem borer, it is recommended to spray 30% acephate EC + polymer + solid particles 225 + 3 + 3g (mL) / 667m 2 .

[0102] 2. Experiment on reducing the application amount and increasing the efficacy of 24% clethodim EC

[0103] This experiment has revealed the control effect of 24% clethodim EC and the main ingredients used to prepare water-soluble packaging bags on grass weeds in soybean fields, as well as its safety to soybeans, providing a scientific basis for the promotion and application of this agent.

[0104] 2.1. Selection of test objects, crops and varieties: Gramineae weeds: Alopecurus pratensis (Linn.); soybean: August yellow variety.

[0105] 2.2. Environmental or facility cultivation conditions: The experiment was conducted in the rice fields of Longwangmiao Village, Chunhua Town, Changsha County, Hunan Province. The soil in the experimental field was light reddish yellow mud, with a pH value of 6.5 and an organic matter content of about 2.0%. The seeds were sown in holes on October 5, 2020, with 3 to 4 seeds per hole and a row spacing of 0.40m×0.33m.

[0106] 2.3. Test agents: Test agent: 24% clethodim EC, adjuvants: polymer materials SR01, SR02, solid particles (attapulgite), surfactant (Triton X-114), 5% LDZ; the above agents and adjuvants are provided by China Agricultural University. Control agent: 240g / L clethodim EC (clethodim, Wenshou, PD20080140), Shandong Xianda Agrochemical Co., Ltd., provided by China Agricultural University.

[0107] The results of the field investigation (Table 8) showed that 24% clethodim EC (test agent) was highly effective against Alopecurus alopecurus and the effect increased significantly with the increase of dosage; the dosage of the preparation was 15-25 mL / 667 m 2 The control effect was 88.82% to 95.70% 22 days after treatment, and 86.09% to 97.13% 57 days after treatment.

[0108] During the trial, 24% clethodim EC 25mL / 667m 2 The control effect of the treatment on Alopecurus mume was 94.51% to 97.13%. After adding adjuvants (SRO1, SR01+attapulgite, SR02, SR02+Triton X-114), the control effect on Alopecurus mume was significantly increased (increase of 1.80% to 5.20%), and there was no significant difference in the control effect among the adjuvant treatments (SR01+attapulgite 3+3g / 667m 2 The control effect after 22 days of treatment was excluded), in which SR02+Triton X-114 3.3+0.3g(mL) / 667m 2 The treatment effect is best.

[0109] Table 8

[0110]

[0111] The survey data in the table are the average values ​​of 3 replicates, and different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the P=0.05 level.

[0112] Table 9 shows the physicochemical properties of the above-mentioned drugs.

[0113]

[0114] Use 24% Clethodim EC 20mL / 667m alone 2 The control effect of the treatment on Alopecurus was 90.12% to 95.36%, which was significantly lower than the control agent - 240g / L clethodim EC 20mL / 667m 2 treatment (95.47% to 99.19%); after adding adjuvants (SRO1, SR01 + attapulgite, 5% LDZ), the control effect on Alopecurus alopecurus was also significantly improved (increase of 3.30% to 9.58%), and the difference in control effect between most adjuvant treatments was not significant (5% LDZ 300mL / 667m 2 The fresh weight control effect 57 days after treatment was excluded), in which 5% LDZ 600mL / 667m 2 In addition, at the test dose, after adding adjuvants to 24% clethodim EC, there was no significant difference in most of the control effects between adjuvant treatments.

[0115] In summary, the use of 24% clethodim EC 25mL / 667m 2 The treatment had an excellent control effect on Alopecurus, and the addition of one or more of the above adjuvants could effectively reduce the dosage of the agent. Since the experimental dosage of 24% clethodim EC was too high, its control effect on Alopecurus was too good when used alone, which made the control effect of each treatment after adding adjuvants too excellent, which was not conducive to reflecting the differences between adjuvants.

[0116] 3. Experiment on reducing dosage and increasing efficacy of 5% pinoxaden EC

[0117] This experiment determined the control effect of 5% pinoxaden EC and the main ingredients used to prepare water-soluble packaging bags on grass weeds in wheat fields, as well as its safety to wheat, providing a scientific basis for the promotion and application of the agent.

[0118] 3.1. Selection of test subjects, crops and varieties: Gramineae weeds: Alopecurus pratensis (Linn.); wheat variety: Chuanmai 42, bred by the Crop Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0119] 3.2. Environmental or facility cultivation conditions: The experiment was conducted in the rice fields of Longwangmiao Village, Chunhua Town, Changsha County, Hunan Province. The soil in the experimental field was light reddish yellow mud, with a pH value of 6.5 and an organic matter content of about 2.0%. The seeds were sown on October 30, 2020, with a seed rate of 12.5kg / 667m2.

[0120] 3.3. Test agents: Test agent: 5% pinoxaden EC, adjuvants: polymer materials SR01, SR02, solid particles (attapulgite), surfactants (Triton X-100, Triton X-102, Triton X-114); the above agents and adjuvants are provided by China Agricultural University. Control agent: 5% pinoxaden EC (pinoxaden, Aixiu, PD20131017), Syngenta (Suzhou) Crop Protection Co., Ltd., provided by China Agricultural University.

[0121] The results of the field investigation (Table 10) showed that 5% pinoxaden EC (test agent) had an excellent control effect on Alopecurus alopecurus. The dosage of the preparation was 60-100 mL / 667 m 2 The control effect was 98.49% to 100.00% 35 days after treatment, and was 100.00% 56 days after treatment.

[0122] During the test, 5% pinoxaden EC (test agent) and the control agent, 5% pinoxaden EC (Aixue) 80mL / 667m 2 The control effect of treatment on Alopecurus mume was 100.00%, and its 100mL / 667m 2 The control effect of the treatment on Alopecurus mume was 100.00%. After adding adjuvants (SRO1, SR01+attapulgite, SR02, SR02+Triton X-114, TritonX-100, Triton X-114 and Triton X-102), the control effect on Alopecurus mume was 100.00%.

[0123] The above results show that the use of 5% pinoxaden EC 60-100mL / 667m 2 The control effect of the treatment on Alopecurus mume was too good to evaluate the effect of the adjuvant.

[0124] Table 10

[0125]

[0126] The survey data in the table are the average values ​​of 3 replicates, and different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences at the P=0.05 level.

[0127] Table 11

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] In the present invention, the pesticide is packaged in a water-soluble packaging bag, which avoids direct contact between the user and the pesticide, and the user will not contact and inhale dust and solvents, thereby improving the health and safety protection of the user. Secondly, the pesticide is packaged in a water-soluble packaging bag in the present application, which can also eliminate the problem of pesticide waste caused by the adhesion of the packaging and the attachment of the pesticide to the packaging, which not only increases the effective use of the entire dosage, but also reduces the damage to the environment and the public caused by the residual pesticide packaging waste bags.

Claims

1. Application of a water-soluble packaging bag in reducing pesticide application and increasing efficiency, characterized in that: The water-soluble packaging bag agent is dissolved in water to obtain a sprayable agent, and then sprayed for application; the water-soluble packaging bag agent comprises a water-soluble packaging bag and a solid or liquid non-aqueous agent encapsulated in the water-soluble packaging bag; the shear viscosity of the sprayable agent is not less than 1 mPa•s; the static surface tension of the sprayable agent is not higher than 45 mN / m; The shear viscosity of the spraying agent is 1-5 mPa•s; The raw materials for preparing the water-soluble packaging bag include water-based polymers; the content of the water-based polymers in the spraying agent is 0.005-2wt%; the water-based polymers are specifically one or two of polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyethylene glycol; The raw materials for preparing the water-soluble packaging bag contain 3-25 wt% of solid filler particles; the particle size of the solid filler particles is 15-500 nm.

2. The use of the water-soluble packaging bag according to claim 1 in reducing the use of pesticides and increasing their efficiency, characterized in that: The static surface tension of the spraying agent is 25-45 mN / m.

3. The use of the water-soluble packaging bag according to claim 1 in reducing the use of pesticides and increasing their efficiency, characterized in that: The particle size of the solid filler particles is 300-400 nm; the solid filler particles are specifically attapulgite.

4. The use of the water-soluble packaging bag according to claim 2 in reducing the use of pesticides and increasing their efficiency, characterized in that: The water-soluble packaging bag is prepared by packaging with a water-soluble packaging film; the thickness of the water-soluble packaging film is 10-80 μm.

5. The use of the water-soluble packaging bag according to claim 4 in reducing the use of pesticides and increasing their efficiency, characterized in that: The thickness of the water-soluble packaging film is 20-60 μm.

6. The use of the water-soluble packaging bag according to claim 5 in reducing the use of pesticides and increasing their efficiency, characterized in that: The tensile strength of the water-soluble packaging film is not less than 15 MPa.

7. The use of the water-soluble packaging bag according to claim 1 in reducing the use of pesticides and increasing their efficiency, characterized in that: The solid or liquid non-aqueous agent is selected from one or more of wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, emulsifiable concentrates, dispersible oil suspensions, and microcapsule sustained-release agents.

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