A wind power generation blade, an adaptive opening and closing method and a wind power generation system

Abstract

A wind power generation blade, an adaptive opening and closing method and a wind power generation system. The wind power generation blade includes a blade body, the blade body includes a blade stem part, a blade frame and a plurality of window sashes arranged on the blade frame, and the window sashes rotate around an axis. It is characterized in that the opening and closing of the window sashes are controlled by springs and / or magnetic members, and the springs or magnetic members are such that when the wind pressure received by the window sashes is less than the wind pressure threshold value, they remain in a closed state, and when the wind pressure received is greater than the wind pressure threshold value, the window sashes are automatically blown open to avoid strong winds. The present invention also includes an adaptive opening and closing method for a wind power generation blade and a wind power generation system. The present invention can achieve power generation whether in gentle winds or strong winds. Moreover, in the strong wind state, power generation can continue as long as the window sashes are opened, there is no position limitation, gentle winds can be utilized, and strong winds are automatically depressurized, greatly improving the power generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a wind power generation system, in particular to a wind power generation blade, an adaptive opening and closing method and a wind power generation system. Background Art

[0002] Most of the wind power blades of existing horizontal axis wind power generation systems adopt a curved surface structure and are connected to a hub similar to a spherical structure. However, this arc-shaped curved surface structure design is complex, with high processing costs, and the skeleton of traditional wind power blades is usually arranged inside the blade cavity, such as designed as a conical tube type or a spaced arrangement of reinforcing rib plate structures. Currently, such traditional blades mainly have the following defects: it is relatively difficult for the generator to start under light wind conditions, and when encountering strong winds, due to the large size of the blades, they will be subjected to a large impact force and are easily broken. Therefore, in the existing wind power generation system under strong winds, the generator will automatically cut off the power, while it is difficult to generate electricity under light wind conditions, and it is only suitable for power generation under medium and strong wind forces and not suitable for power generation under light and strong winds.

[0003] In existing vertical axis wind power generation systems, a blade structure that can be opened and closed is designed. For example, CN201120352480X discloses a window fan-shaped blade combined wind wheel for a vertical axis wind power generation system. On the one hand, although it discloses a rotatable window fan structure, the function of opening the window fan is not to relieve wind pressure but to enable the vertical axis wind wheel to rotate freely and increase the useful torsion angle of the wind wheel; moreover, the vertical axis wind power generation system has a lower power generation efficiency than the horizontal axis wind power generation system; on the other hand, the blades of this vertical axis wind power generation system are provided with angle end buttons on each blade shaft seat, so that each blade can only be within a predetermined angle range. However, the angle end buttons only play a limiting role and do not play an adaptive role.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention urgently needs to design a brand-new wind power generation blade, by designing the strength and bending and torsion resistance of the wind power blade skeleton and improving the wind power blade itself, so as to solve the above technical defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above deficiencies of the prior art and provide a wind power generation blade, an adaptive opening and closing method and a wind power generation system with large-scale power generation, high structural strength and high power generation efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A wind power generation blade of the present invention includes a blade body, which includes a blade stem, a blade frame and a plurality of window sashes arranged on the blade frame, and the window sashes rotate around an axis; the window sashes are controlled to open and close by springs and / or magnetic parts, and the springs or magnetic parts satisfy the requirement that the window sashes remain in a closed state when the wind pressure applied to the window sashes is less than a wind pressure threshold, and automatically blow open the window sashes when the wind pressure applied to the window sashes is greater than the wind pressure threshold to avoid strong winds.

[0008] Furthermore, the spring is a torsion spring, which is arranged on the shaft. One end of the spring is limited, and the other end drives the window sash to rotate around the shaft through wind force to trigger the spring to generate torque, thereby controlling the window sash to adaptively open and close in one or two directions.

[0009] Alternatively, the spring is a tension spring, which is arranged between the leaf frame and the window sash, and the window sash is driven to rotate by wind force to cause the spring to generate tension.

[0010] Furthermore, mutually attractive magnetic parts are provided between the window sash and the leaf frame or between adjacent window sashes. When the wind pressure is greater than the magnetic force of the magnetic parts, the window sash automatically opens without being affected by the magnetic force.

[0011] Furthermore, each adjacent window sash arranged side by side shares at least one tension spring. When a window sash rotates around the axis, the tension spring connected thereto is stressed, driving the entire row of linked window sashes to open.

[0012] Furthermore, the leaf stem and / or leaf frame is a truss structure, and the leaf stem and / or leaf frame is formed by interconnecting a plurality of hollow tubes.

[0013] Furthermore, ropes are connected to the leaf frame of the blade body and between the leaf frame and the leaf stem, and each rope is in a tensioned state.

[0014] The present invention provides an adaptive opening and closing method for wind power generation blades, comprising the following steps: when the wind pressure on the blade is less than a wind pressure threshold, the window sash on the blade is kept in a closed state by spring force and / or magnetic force; when the wind pressure is greater than a preset wind pressure value, the window sash is blown open by the wind to relieve the pressure.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes: when the wind pressure on the blades is less than the wind pressure threshold, the sashes on the blades remain in a closed state, and the blades rotate to generate electricity in a breeze or a small or medium wind; when the wind pressure on the blades is greater than the wind pressure threshold, the sashes on the blades are blown open by the wind to avoid strong winds, and can continue to generate electricity in strong winds; when the wind pressure on the blown-open sashes is less than their spring force and / or magnetic force, the sashes automatically close under the action of the spring force and / or magnetic force.

[0016] A wind power generation system of the present invention comprises a tower and a hub, wherein the hub is connected to a wind power generation blade as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

[0017] Furthermore, a hub tip is provided on the hub, and a tensioning body is provided between the hub tip and the leaf stem and / or the leaf frame, and the tensioning body is a pull rope and / or a pull rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the hub comprises a hub truss, which is a polyhedral structure. The hub truss is connected to the stem portion of the blade body, and at least two blade bodies are connected to one hub truss.

[0019] Furthermore, the wheel hub is connected to the main shaft seat through the main shaft, and connected to the generator through the main shaft seat. The rotor and stator of the generator are arranged in the generator housing, or the rotor and stator of the generator are external structures to form a ring-shaped motor.

[0020] Furthermore, the annular motor is arranged on the leeward side of all blade bodies; the annular motor includes an annular support structure connected to the main shaft seat and / or the main body seat on the tower, a stator arranged on the annular support structure and a rotor arranged on the blade stem, and the rotor rotates relative to the stator under the drive of the wind wheel.

[0021] Furthermore, the blade body is a wide blade, and its blade surface width is ≥1m.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] (1) By designing the blades with window sashes, and the window sashes are adaptively opened and closed under the control of springs and / or magnetic parts, they can remain closed when the wind is weak, thus achieving breeze power generation; when the wind is strong, the wind pressure can be removed by adaptively opening, while protecting the blades and tower, and power generation can continue, greatly improving the power generation efficiency without affecting the operation of the blades, so that the wind turbine blades can generate electricity at any place and at any time;

[0024] (2) By providing a blade stem and a blade frame, the overall strength of the blade body can be greatly improved, and the blade stem and the blade frame are preferably provided as a truss structure, which can greatly improve the bending and torsional strength on the basis of light weight. After the weight is reduced, the blade can be designed to be wider, greatly increasing the wind capture capacity;

[0025] (3) By setting up a linkage tension spring structure, on the one hand, the window sashes can be closed in light or medium wind conditions to achieve wind power generation, and when encountering strong winds, the window sashes will automatically open to relieve pressure, thereby ensuring the safety of the generator, blades and tower; on the other hand, the entire row of window sashes can be evenly stressed, and the leaf stems and leaf frames will not generate large torsional forces. In addition, since there are tension springs on both sides of the window sashes, the hinges will not be stressed, greatly improving the life of the hinges;

[0026] (4) By setting magnetic components, it can be opened at a predetermined wind pressure, and there will be no situation where the window sash wants to be opened but is opened. Only when the wind pressure is greater than the magnetic force of the magnetic components, each window sash can break free from the magnetic force and open automatically. In this way, when the wind pressure is greater than the magnetic force of the magnetic components, each window sash can break free from the magnetic force and open automatically. When encountering strong winds, the window sashes will break free from the magnetic force and open automatically to relieve pressure, thus ensuring the safety of the generator and the tower;

[0027] (5) By connecting ropes between the blade frames and between the blade stem and the blade frames, the ropes are always in a tensioned state, enabling the stress on the entire skeleton of the blade to be borne by the ropes. Since the ropes are unidirectional in force, the fatigue effects of the skeleton under positive and reverse forces are eliminated, greatly increasing the service life of the skeleton;

[0028] (6) The blade stem and the blade frames are both formed by splicing hollow tubes, which can not only improve the bending and torsional strength but also reduce the weight;

[0029] (7) By designing the hub into the structure of a hub truss and a hub tip, it is convenient to connect with the blade stem and also convenient to set a tensioning body between the blade stem and the hub;

[0030] (8) By setting a tensioning body between the hub tip and the blade stem, it can prevent the blade stem from swinging under strong wind action, and can transfer the forces on the blade stem and the hub to the tensioning body, reducing the fatigue of the forces on the blade stem and the hub, and greatly improving the bending and torsional strength of the blade body under strong winds; In addition, if a ring-shaped motor is designed, the tensioning body can also ensure that the gap between the rotor and the stator does not change;

[0031] (9) By setting a ring-shaped motor, with the rotor arranged on the blade stem and the stator arranged on the ring-shaped support structure, the support strength of the stator and the rotor can be greatly improved, thus preventing the stator and the rotor from swinging under strong wind action, and further ensuring that the gap between the rotor and the stator does not change, improving the accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the skeleton structure of the blade body of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the blade body of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the blade body of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cross bar and the blade stem of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 isFigure 4 Schematic enlarged structure diagram of the first press-shaped screw base in Embodiment 1 shown

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic structure diagram of the connection between the longitudinal rod and the cross rod through the second press-shaped screw base in Embodiment 1 of the present invention

[0038] Figure 7 Schematic back structure diagram of the window sash in Embodiment 1 of the present invention

[0039] Figure 8 is Figure 7 Schematic enlarged view of Part I in Embodiment 1 shown

[0040] Figure 9 Schematic partial structure diagram of the hinge in Embodiment 1 of the present invention

[0041] Figure 10 Schematic front structure diagram of the blade body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (some page plates are not provided)

[0042] Figure 11 is Figure 10 Schematic enlarged structure diagram of the linkage tension spring in Embodiment 1 shown

[0043] Figure 12 is Figure 11 Schematic enlarged view of the connection structure of the tension spring in Embodiment 1 shown

[0044] Figure 13 Schematic structure diagram of another blade body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (the window sash is in the open state)

[0045] Figure 14 Schematic structure diagram of the elastic component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention

[0046] Figure 15 Schematic structure diagram of the window sash with magnetic components in Embodiment 3 of the present invention

[0047] Figure 16 Schematic enlarged structure diagram of the magnetic attracting component in Embodiment 3 of the present invention

[0048] Figure 17 Schematic enlarged structure diagram of the magnetic metal in Embodiment 3 of the present invention

[0049] Figure 18 Schematic structure diagram of the magnetic attracting component and the magnetic metal attracting each other in Embodiment 3 of the present invention

[0050] Figure 19 Schematic structure diagram of the wind power generation system in Embodiment 4 of the present invention (the blade body has four pieces)

[0051] Figure 20It is another structural schematic diagram of the wind power generation system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention (the blade body has two pieces);

[0052] Figure 21 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hub according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention (the blade body has two pieces);

[0053] Figure 22 It is another structural schematic diagram of the hub according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention (the blade body has four pieces);

[0054] Figure 23 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tensioning body according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 24 It is a side view of the ring-shaped motor according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 25 It is Figure 24 The enlarged view of Part II of the embodiment 8 shown;

[0057] Figure 26 It is Figure 24 The structural schematic diagram of the leeward side of the embodiment 8 shown.

[0058] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0059] 1. Blade body; 2. First threaded connector; 3. Second threaded connector; 4. Hinge; 5. Tension spring; 5'. Elastic component; 6. Rope; 7. Magnetic component; 8. Tower; 9. Hub; 10. Ring-shaped motor.

[0060] 11. Leaf stem part; 12. Leaf frame; 13. Window sash; 21. First pressed seat; 22. Flange plate; 31. Second pressed seat; 41. First seat body; 42. Second seat body; 43. First sleeve; 44. Second sleeve; 51. Tension spring connection seat; 51'. Adapter seat; 52'. Torsion spring; 53'. Torsion spring seat; 71. Magnetic attraction part; 72. Magnetic metal; 81. Main seat; 82. Ring-shaped support structure; 83. Rotor; 84. Stator; 91. Hub truss; 92. Hub tip; 93. Main shaft; 94. Tensioning body.

[0061] 111. Leaf stem main body; 112. Leaf stem tip; 121. Horizontal truss; 122. Longitudinal rod; 131. Window frame; 132. Page board; 211. Fitting surface; 212. Connection surface; 213. Connection hole; 214. Bent edge; 215. Prefabricated nut; 521'. Triggering abutting angle; 711. Steel sheet; 712. Magnetic sheet; 721. Magnetic metal sheet; 722. Spring; 723. Limiting plate; 821. Main support rod; 822. Installation ring; 823. Secondary support rod; 831. Rotor seat; 921. Rod body; 922. Diagonal brace; 931. Main shaft seat.

[0062] 1211. Cross bar; 1212. Diagonal bar; 1213. Support bar. Detailed implementation mode

[0063] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specification drawings and specific embodiments.

[0064] Embodiment 1

[0065] As Figures 1 - 3 shown: A wind power generation blade includes a blade body 1, and the blade body includes a leaf stem part 11, a leaf frame 12, and a plurality of window sashes 13 provided on the leaf frame.

[0066] Among them, the leaf stem part and the leaf frame form the skeleton structure of the blade body. The leaf frame 12 extends outwards from both sides of the leaf stem part 11 and includes a plurality of horizontally arranged trusses 121 arranged at intervals. There are longitudinal bars 122 connected between the horizontal trusses. One of the longitudinal bars 122 is connected to the end of the horizontal truss far from the leaf stem part 11, connecting the horizontal trusses 121 into a whole and forming the outer frame of the leaf frame with the horizontal trusses. Longitudinal bars are also arranged between adjacent horizontal trusses. The leaf stem part 11 is also a truss structure, and both the leaf stem part 11 and the horizontal trusses 121 are composed of a plurality of hollow tubes connected to each other, which can greatly improve the strength. And designed as a truss structure, on the basis of improving the bending and torsional strength, it can also reduce the weight. By using hollow tubes, just like the hollow structure of a reed stalk, it is not afraid of strong winds or even gale impacts, and can ensure that the blade body will not break under the action of wind. It can be said that the blade body of this embodiment is both lightweight and has sufficient strength, so that the blade body can be made wider, such as the leaf surface width ≥ 1m, and further preferably 1.5 - 3m, which can greatly improve the wind capture amount.

[0067] In this embodiment, the leaf stem part 11 includes a leaf stem main body 111 and a leaf stem tip part 112 connected to the leaf stem main body. The leaf stem tip part 112 and the leaf stem main body 111 are connected by a flange. Both the leaf stem main body 111 and the leaf stem tip part 112 are truss structures, and the cross-sectional shape of the truss structure is an N-sided polygon, N ≥ 4, to ensure the strength of the leaf stem part. Horizontal trusses 121 are connected to both the leaf stem tip part 112 and the leaf stem main body 111, and the size of the horizontal truss connected to the leaf stem tip part is smaller than the size of the horizontal truss connected to the leaf stem main body. The leaf stem main body 111 can be an integral structure or a segmented structure. By designing it as a segmented structure, the installation of leaf stems of different sizes can be realized, which is more flexible for different occasions. The segmented leaf stem main bodies are connected and fixed by flanges. The end of the leaf stem main body far from the leaf stem tip part is connected to the hub.

[0068] As Figures 4 - 6As shown in the figure: In this embodiment, the horizontal truss 121 of the blade frame includes a cross bar 1211, an inclined bar 1212, and a support bar 1213 disposed between the two. The cross bar 1211 is fixed to the blade stem 11 through a first threaded connector 2; one end of the inclined bar 1212 is welded to the cross bar, and the other end is connected to the blade stem through a third threaded connector; the support bar is directly welded between the cross bar and the inclined bar. The longitudinal bar is connected to the horizontal truss through a second threaded connector 3. The horizontal truss is designed to be a detachable connection structure with the blade stem and the longitudinal bar, which is not only convenient for quick installation and disassembly, but also the rod bodies after disassembly can be recycled.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first threaded connector 2 includes a first pressed screw seat 21 disposed on the blade stem and a flange plate 22 disposed on the cross bar. The flange plate 22 and the first pressed screw seat 21 are fixedly connected by bolts. Specifically, the first pressed screw seat 21 includes a fitting surface 211 adapted to the body of the hollow tube of the blade stem and a connecting surface 212 extending along the fitting surface; the fitting surface 211 is an arc surface. The two ends of the fitting surface 211 of the first pressed screw seat 21 are bent to form the connecting surface 212, and a connecting hole 213 is provided on the connecting surface. After the plate body of the first pressed screw seat 21 is pressed to form the fitting surface 211 and the connecting surface 212, it continues to be bent downward along the side surface of the connecting surface to form a bending edge 214. The lower part of the bending edge 214 is in fitting connection with the body of the tube. The fitting surface 211 and the bending edge 214 of the first pressed screw seat 21 are both welded to the body of the tube, which can greatly increase the contact area, and the force is stable. Moreover, the first pressed screw seat 21 is bent multiple times, greatly improving its own strength, and the plate body thickness of the first pressed screw seat 21 can be designed to be thinner. A prefabricated nut 215 is further provided below the connecting hole of the first pressed screw seat 21. The bolt passes through the connecting hole of the flange plate 22 and the first pressed bolt 21 through the gasket and is threadedly fixed to the prefabricated nut 215.

[0070] In this embodiment, the third threaded connector has the same structure as the first threaded connector 21, that is, a flange plate is provided on the inclined bar and is fixedly connected to the first pressed screw seat on the blade stem through bolts.

[0071] In this embodiment, the connection between the vertical rod 122 and the horizontal truss 121 is divided into two types. One is the vertical rod located on the outermost side of the horizontal truss, which is connected using the same structure as the first threaded connector. That is, the first pressed screw seats 21 are also provided on the pipe bodies of the cross bars of the horizontal truss and the pipe body of the outermost vertical rod. This enables threaded connection between the end of the cross bar of the horizontal truss and the pipe body of the outer vertical rod, as well as threaded connection between the end of the vertical rod and the pipe body of the cross bar. Thus, a vertical rod 122 is commonly connected to the outside of all the horizontal trusses 121 to form the outer frame structure of the leaf frame. The other is the vertical rod located between adjacent horizontal trusses. That is, the connection between the vertical rod 122, the adjacent cross bar 1211, and the adjacent diagonal rod 1212 is made using the second threaded connector 3. Specifically: Second pressed screw seats 31 are provided on the pipe bodies of the cross bar 1211 and the diagonal rod 1212. Since the vertical rod connected between adjacent cross bars or diagonal rods is not the main load-bearing structure, the difference between the second pressed screw seat 31 and the first pressed screw seat here is that no bending edge is provided. That is, the second pressed screw seat 31 includes a fitting surface adapted to the pipe body of the cross bar or diagonal rod and a connecting surface extending along the fitting surface. The connecting surface is a horizontal plane and does not require bending. A flange plate is provided on the vertical rod 122, and the bolt connection method is the same as that of the aforementioned first pressed screw seat, which will not be specifically described here.

[0072] As Figure 7 shown: In this embodiment, a window sash 13 is rotatably connected to each horizontal truss 121. Specifically: At least one window sash 13 is connected to the cross bar of the horizontal truss. In this embodiment, it is preferred to connect two window sashes to the cross bar. The window sashes on both sides of the leaf stem are symmetrically arranged, and two rows of window sashes are formed between adjacent horizontal trusses on each side. A gap is reserved between adjacent window sashes 13 to facilitate the flipping of the window sashes. The window sash 13 includes a window frame 131 and a page board 132. The window frame 131 is formed into a frame structure by connecting hollow pipes, and the page board 132 is bonded to the upper side of the window frame. The page board 132 is a flat board or a corrugated board. Designing it as a corrugated board can improve the strength of the page board and make it not easily break under strong wind. The material of the page board can be metal or non-metal. In this embodiment, it is preferably a non-metal transparent material, which is light in weight, and the transparent material can greatly improve the aesthetics.

[0073] As Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown: In this embodiment, the sash 13 is rotatably connected to the cross bar 1211 through a hinge 4. The specific structure of the hinge 4 is as follows: A plurality of second seat bodies 42 are arranged at intervals on the cross bar 1211 and can be rotatably connected to two sashes; A plurality of first seat bodies 41 are arranged in the middle or at an eccentric position of the window frame of the sash 13. A plurality of first sleeves 43 are arranged in the first seat body 41 at intervals. For example, three first sleeves are welded. The first seat body 41 is arranged corresponding to the second seat body 42. Three second sleeves 44 are also welded on the second seat body. The first sleeve 43 and the second sleeve 44 are arranged in a staggered manner. After the first sleeve 43 of the sash is butt-jointed with the second sleeve 44 on the cross bar in a staggered manner, an arrangement structure of six sleeves is formed on the horizontal line. Then, a shaft body 45 is inserted through the six sleeves, and one end of the shaft body 45 is bent to form a bent portion to prevent the shaft body from being pulled out of the sleeve. The hinge structure of this embodiment can realize the quick installation and disassembly of the sash and enable the sash to be opened and closed without obstruction.

[0074] As Figures 10 - 12 As shown: In this embodiment, in order to realize the adaptive opening of the sash, the sash is controlled to open and close adaptively by a spring. The spring in this embodiment is a tension spring 5, and a linkage tension spring structure is designed between adjacent sashes 13. That is: At least one tension spring 5 is shared between each adjacent pair of sashes arranged side by side. When one sash rotates, the tension spring 5 connected thereto is stressed, driving the adjacent sash to rotate, and then driving all the sashes in the whole row of linked sashes to rotate and open. Specifically, tension spring connection seats 51 are arranged on the window frames 131 of adjacent sashes. The tension spring connection seats can be arranged at both the upper and lower ends of the window frame, or only at one end. The tension spring connection seat 51 is provided with a hole for passing through the tension spring. One end of a tension spring 5 is connected to the tension spring connection seat 51 on one sash, and the other end is connected to the tension spring connection seat 15 on the adjacent other sash. By analogy, each sash 13 is provided with a tension spring connection seat 51 for connecting to the left and right adjacent sashes with a tension spring. In this way, each tension spring 5 is connected to two sashes 13 at the same time, thus forming a linkage structure.

[0075] This embodiment is designed as a linkage spring structure, which mainly has the following advantages: (1) If a spring with a certain force is not set, the window sash may sometimes automatically open when the wind force is small (such as gentle breeze or moderate wind), which will lead to overkill and affect the power generation efficiency. The purpose of the present invention is that the window sash 13 should open under the action of a large wind force (such as strong wind) so as to protect the tower and blades from damage by avoiding the strong wind and relieving the wind force. Therefore, the inventor thought of adopting a linkage spring structure, which can only be opened when the wind force is large enough. Since the window sash 13 is controlled by the spring linkage, a large enough wind force is required to open a row of window sashes. In this way, the window sashes can be closed in the state of gentle breeze or moderate wind, and the blade body can generate wind power during rotation. When encountering strong wind, the window sashes will automatically open to relieve pressure, ensuring the safety of the generator, blades and tower, and at the same time, power generation can also be carried out. It can be said that the blade structure of the present invention can generate electricity whether it is gentle breeze or strong wind. And in the state of strong wind, only by opening the window sashes can power generation continue, without the need to forcibly cut off the power supply of the generator to protect the blades as in the prior art. Therefore, the blades of the present invention can generate electricity all over the world without location limitation, and gentle breeze can be utilized while strong wind is automatically depressurized, so as to realize 24-hour real-time power generation and greatly improve the power generation efficiency; (2) Since the row of window sashes connected by the spring linkage can be opened together, the force on the whole row of window sashes will be uniform, that is, they can be opened and closed together, so that no large torsion force will be generated; (3) Since the window sash 13 is connected to the horizontal truss 121 through the hinge 4, and there are tension springs 5 pulling it on both sides of the window sash, the hinge will not be stressed, thus greatly improving the service life of the hinge.

[0076] As Figure 1 shown: In this embodiment, ropes 6 are arranged around both between the blade frame 12 and the blade stem 11 and on the blade frame along the length direction of the blade stem. Multiple ropes 6 jointly form a polygon structure, and each rope 6 is in a tensioned state, forming an integral body with the blade stem 11 and the blade frame 12. Specifically, the rope 6 is a steel wire rope, and the number of ropes 6 is preferably six. The six ropes jointly form a hexagonal structure. For example: Two ropes 6 are respectively connected between the blade tip 112 of the blade stem 11 and the horizontal trusses 121 connected to both sides of the blade stem body 111, and the horizontal truss 121 is preferably the one closest to the blade tip; Two ropes 6 are also connected between the blade stem body 111 at the end or near the end and the two nearest horizontal trusses, and two ropes 6 are respectively arranged in the longitudinal rod direction commonly connected to the outside of all the horizontal trusses 31 connected to the blade stem 2, so as to form a tensioned hexagonal structure. Pulling rings connected to the ropes can be arranged on the cross bars of the horizontal trusses, the blade tips and the flanges of the blade stem body for fixing the ropes.

[0077] In this embodiment, by setting a rope structure in a tensioned state, the rope can tension the leaf stalk and the leaf frame. In this way, the stress they bear is borne by the rope, and the rope is under unidirectional stress, thus eliminating the fatigue effect of the positive and negative stress on the leaf stalk and the leaf frame, and greatly improving the service life. If the rope is replaced with a tie rod or steel bar, it does not have the performance of unidirectional stress, so the anti-fatigue problem cannot be solved; by connecting multiple ropes to form a hexagon, the strongest and most stable structure can be obtained on the basis of the least material consumption and simpler structure.

[0078] It can be understood that the blade body can also be other transformation structures different from Figure 2 For example, according to Figure 13 As shown, the structure of the blade body is another type of wind power blade. For example, the truss of the leaf stalk has a triangular cross-section, the leaf frame is connected to the bottom surface of the leaf stalk and extends outwards on both sides, and a window sash is connected to the cross bar of the leaf frame. This is a schematic diagram of the window sash being open.

[0079] The working principle of the wind power blade in this embodiment is as follows:

[0080] When the wind pressure is less than the wind pressure threshold, the window sash on the blade remains closed under the action of the spring force; when the wind force is greater than the wind pressure threshold, the window sash is blown open. For example, if the minimum wind pressure to open the window sash is 12 Pa, then 12 Pa is the wind pressure threshold. Then the force of the tension spring should be such that it can control the window sash to open when the wind pressure is 12 Pa; when the wind pressure is less than 12 Pa, the window sash always remains closed, and when the wind pressure is greater than 12 Pa, the window sash opens. For example, when a window sash opens counterclockwise, it will pull up the tension spring connected to it. At this time, the tension spring stretches, and the other window sash connected to this tension spring moves downward and also rotates counterclockwise. And so on, all the window sashes in the same row rotate counterclockwise to achieve opening in the same direction. For the window sashes in different rows, they choose to open or close according to the magnitude of the wind force received. If the wind force is very large, almost all the window sashes open, thus discharging the wind pressure, protecting the blade from the impact of the wind force, and further protecting structures such as the tower. It can be said that the window sash of the present invention is designed with an adaptive opening and closing + tension spring linkage structure, which can remain closed when the wind force is small to achieve micro-wind power generation; when the wind force is strong, it discharges the wind pressure by adaptive opening. On the premise of protecting the blade and the tower, it can still generate electricity, greatly improving the power generation efficiency and not affecting the operation of the blade, so as to be able to generate electricity anywhere and at any time for the wind power blade.

[0081] Embodiment 2

[0082] The self - adaptive opening and closing method of the window sash in this embodiment is different from that in Embodiment 1. Specifically: The window sash realizes self - adaptive opening and closing through torsion springs. For example: Between the window frame of each window sash and the cross bar of the horizontal truss, two separately arranged elastic components 5' are provided. The elastic component includes a shaft, a torsion spring seat 53', a transfer seat 51' and a torsion spring 52'. The torsion spring 52' is sleeved on the shaft, and the shaft is connected to the torsion spring seat 53'. Each window sash 13 is connected to the cross bar 1211 of the horizontal truss through an elastic component, and the torsion spring seat 53' is fixed on the cross bar 1211. The window sash 13 is rotationally connected to the shaft through the transfer seat 51'. Among them, in the two groups of elastic components, the torsion spring 52' of the first elastic component controls the window sash to rotate clockwise around the shaft, and the rotation angle is 0 - 180°. The torsion spring of the second elastic component controls the window sash to rotate counterclockwise around the other shaft, and the rotation angle is 0 - 180°. In this way, when the window sash rotates clockwise, only the torsion spring of the first elastic component is stressed, while the torsion spring of the second elastic component is not stressed. On the contrary, when rotating counterclockwise, only the torsion spring of the second elastic component is stressed, and the torsion spring of the first elastic component is not stressed, thereby realizing the bidirectional rotation of the window sash. Among them, the directions of the trigger abutting angles 521' of the torsion springs of the first elastic component and the second elastic component are different, that is, the trigger abutting angle 521' of one torsion spring is arranged on the front side of the transfer seat 51', and the trigger abutting angle of the other torsion spring is arranged on the rear side of the transfer seat 51', so that no matter the transfer seat rotates forward or backward, only the trigger abutting angle of one torsion spring is triggered, and the other torsion spring does not work, thereby realizing the bidirectional rotation of the window sash. The other abutting angle of the torsion spring is limited.

[0083] The working principle of this embodiment is: Each window sash is connected to the cross bar of the horizontal truss through two groups of elastic components. When the wind pressure is greater than the torsion force of a certain torsion spring, the window sash is opened, and the opening direction triggers the trigger abutting angle of this torsion spring, causing the window sash to rotate. When the wind pressure is less than the torsion force of the spring, the window sash is self - adaptively closed under the drive of the spring.

[0084] Embodiment 3

[0085] As Figures 15 - 18 shown: On the basis of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, a mutually attracting magnetic component 7 is provided between the window sash 13 and the leaf frame 12 or between adjacent window sashes. When the wind pressure is greater than the magnetic force of the magnetic component 7, the window sash automatically opens out of the magnetic force.

[0086] Specifically, the magnetic component 7 is installed on the window frame of the window sash. In this embodiment, it is preferably to set magnetic components at both ends of the side of the window frame respectively, or to set magnetic components on the upper, middle and lower parts of the side of the window frame. For example: Three magnetic attracting parts 71 are arranged on one side surface of the window frame of the first window sash, and three magnetic metals 72 are arranged on the other side surface. On the second window sash adjacent to the first window sash, corresponding magnetic attracting parts or magnetic metals are also arranged at corresponding positions, which can ensure the generation of suction force between adjacent window sashes.

[0087] Among them, the magnetic part 71 has an arc-shaped surface on the side connected to the window frame 131, so as to be adaptively engaged with the rod shape of the window frame and be integrally connected by welding. The magnetic part 71 also has an arc-shaped surface on the side facing the magnetic metal 72. The arc-shaped surface includes metal sheets arranged up and down, such as steel sheets 711, and a magnetic sheet 712 is arranged between the upper and lower steel sheets 711, that is, the magnetic sheet 712 is located between the upper and lower steel sheets 711.

[0088] The magnetic metal 72 also has an arc-shaped surface on the side connected to the window frame and is adaptively welded to the rod shape of the window frame; the main structure of the magnetic metal 72 is a structure with a cavity surrounded by a plate body, and an outwardly convex magnetic metal sheet 721 is provided on the side facing the magnetic part 71. The magnetic metal sheet 721 is also arc-shaped and can just be inserted into the arc-shaped surface of the magnetic part 71 with the magnetic sheet and attracted to the magnetic sheet. By designing the surfaces of the magnetic part 71 and the magnetic metal 72 that generate suction force into arc-shaped surfaces, a limiting effect can be achieved, so that the adjacent window sashes are just aligned and attracted to each other, facilitating the positioning between the window sashes and preventing uneven phenomena such as one being higher and the other being lower, and further making the forces on each window sash uniform.

[0089] In addition, a spring 722 is provided in the cavity of the magnetic metal 72. When the magnetic metal sheet 721 is attracted by the magnetic sheet 712 of the magnetic part, the spring 722 will be compressed under the drive of the magnetic metal sheet 721. When the wind force is greater than the magnetic force of the magnetic sheet 712, the window sash will be blown open, and at this time the spring slowly rebounds to release the magnetic part. It can be said that by providing the spring 722, it is convenient for the window sash to quickly get rid of the magnetic force and open automatically. Among them, a preferred structure for setting the spring is: a shaft connected to the magnetic metal sheet 721 is provided in the cavity of the magnetic metal, a spring 722 is sleeved on the shaft, a limiting plate 723 is connected to the rear side of the shaft body, one end of the spring 722 is connected to the limiting plate 723 and limited by the limiting plate, and the other end is connected to the magnetic metal sheet 721.

[0090] The magnetic force part of this embodiment can be used in cooperation with the tension spring in Embodiment 1 or the torsion spring in Embodiment 2, and here it becomes an elastic component; when the wind force is greater than the elastic force of the elastic component and the magnetic force of the magnetic component, the window sash will be blown open; when the wind force is less than the elastic force of the elastic component, the window sash will automatically close under the action of the elastic component, and after closing, the magnetic part of the window sash and the magnetic metal of another window sash will just be attracted to each other under the magnetic force and be stuck in the arc-shaped surface, making the window sash evenly stressed.

[0091] Embodiment 4

[0092] Such as Figure 19 and Figure 20As shown: The wind power generation blade of this embodiment is preferably used in a horizontal axis wind power generation system, including a tower 8, a generator, a hub 9, and the blade body described in the foregoing embodiment. Among them, the number of blade bodies is preferably 2 to 4; a flange is provided at one end of the blade stem part 11 of the blade body away from the blade tip, and the blade stem part 11 is connected to the hub 9 through the flange. Among them, the tower 8 is also a truss structure, that is, the tower 8, the blade stem part 11, and the blade frame 12 of this embodiment are all truss structures, forming a full truss wind power generation system. By adopting the full truss structure, the structural strength and the bending and torsion strength can be greatly improved, the strength can be guaranteed under strong wind action, and the overall weight is light.

[0093] Embodiment 5

[0094] As Figure 21 and Figure 22 described: In Embodiment 4, the hub 9 includes a hub truss 91. The hub truss 91 is a polyhedron structure with an N-sided cross-sectional shape, N≥4, including a plurality of faces, and at least one face is connected to the blade body 1. At least one hub tip 92 is provided on the hub truss 91, and the hub tip 92 is provided on other faces of the hub truss except the wind power blade. For example, the hub truss 91 is a cube structure, including six faces. Among them, three symmetric faces are connected to the blade body, and one of the remaining three faces is connected to the main shaft seat through the main shaft 93, and the other two faces are provided with hub tips. Or the present invention is provided with four blade bodies, which are respectively arranged on the upper, lower, left, and right four faces of the hub truss, and the hub tip is arranged on the front face.

[0095] The hub tip 92 includes a rod body 921 connected to the hub truss 91. The diameter of the rod body 921 is small, and a plurality of diagonal braces 922 are provided between the rod body 921 and the hub truss 91. One end of the main shaft 93 can be provided with a flange plate, which is flange-connected to the rear end face of the hub truss. Or the rear end face of the hub is an open structure, a connecting plate is provided inside the hub, and the main shaft 93 extends into the hub truss and is thread-connected to the connecting plate.

[0096] In this embodiment, the hub is connected to the main shaft seat through the main shaft 93, and then connected to the generator arranged in the cabin through the main shaft seat. Among them, the main shaft seat is a bearing seat. The main shaft is connected to the bearing on the bearing seat and is connected to the rotor of the generator through the bearing seat. After the stator is electrified, the blade body rotates under the action of wind force, thereby driving the hub and the main shaft to rotate. The main shaft then drives the rotor to rotate to perform a magnetic field cutting action with the stator, and finally generate electric energy.

[0097] Embodiment 6

[0098] As Figure 23As shown: In Embodiment 5, a tension member 94 is further provided between the hub tip 92 and the blade stem portion 11. The tension member 94 can be a guy wire and / or a tie rod and is in a tensioned state. By connecting between the hub tip 92 and the blade stem portion 11, it can prevent the blade stem portion 11 from swinging under strong wind, and can transfer the forces on the blade stem portion and the hub to the tension member, reducing the fatigue of the forces on the blade stem portion and the hub, and greatly improving the bending and torsional strength of the blade body under strong wind.

[0099] It can be understood that a tension member can also be provided between the hub tip and the blade frame.

[0100] Embodiment 7

[0101] In Embodiment 5, a plurality of brake columns are provided on the main shaft. A limit seat is provided below the brake columns. Holes are provided on both sides of the limit seat. When the brake columns enter the limit seat, the main shaft is locked by inserting a limit pin through the holes and through the brake columns. In this way, when the maintenance personnel climb into the cabin for maintenance, after the generator is shut down to stop the wind turbine blade from rotating, the limit pin can also be manually inserted through the brake columns to lock the main shaft, forming a second safety measure to prevent the wind turbine blade from rotating under the action of wind during maintenance, thereby improving the safety of personnel.

[0102] Embodiment 8

[0103] As Figures 24 - 26 As shown: The difference from Embodiment 5 is that the generator in this embodiment is a ring-shaped motor 10. The ring-shaped motor 10 is provided on the leeward side of all blade bodies 1, including a ring-shaped support structure 82 connected to the main shaft seat 931 and / or the main machine seat 81 on the tower 8, a stator 84 provided on the ring-shaped support structure 82, and a rotor 83 provided on the blade stem portion 11. The rotor 83 rotates relative to the stator 84 under the drive of the entire blade body.

[0104] The annular support structure 82 includes a plurality of main support rods 821, which are symmetrically arranged between each other. For example, in this embodiment, eight main support rods 821 are provided, and all eight main support rods 821 are connected to the outer shell of the main shaft seat 931 to form an annular arrangement structure. This structure can greatly improve the support strength of the stator. An installation ring 822 is provided at the end of the main support rod 821 where it is connected to the stator, and the installation ring is connected to the stator 84. In addition, in order to further improve the support strength of the annular support structure, secondary support rods 823 are also provided between the main support rod 822 and the main shaft seat and the main machine seat, thereby greatly improving the support strength of the stator 84. In addition, since the stator 84 is exposed to the outside world, any high-strength support structure can be made without being restricted by space, thereby improving the support strength of the stator 84; and different models of stators can be replaced according to the size and power requirements of the wind power generation system. Compared with the prior art, the diameter of the stator in this embodiment is not restricted by the structural strength; on the other hand, the exposed stator 84 can remove dust under the action of wind. Compared with the prior art where dust accumulation is likely to occur, the structure of this embodiment can greatly improve the service life of the stator.

[0105] In this embodiment, both the rotor 83 and the stator 84 are annular structures. Since the rotor, the stator, and the annular support structure are all large structures, if formed in one piece, it will increase the installation difficulty and is not convenient for transportation. Therefore, the installation rings 822 of the rotor 83, the stator 84, and the annular support structure in this embodiment are preferably designed as segmented structures, which can be directly spliced and installed on site and are convenient for transportation.

[0106] The rotor 83 of this embodiment is connected to the leaf stalks 11 of all blade bodies through the rotor seat 831 at the same time, which can greatly improve the support strength of the rotor. And by arranging the stator on the annular support structure, the support strength of the stator can also be greatly improved, thereby preventing the stator and the rotor from swinging under the action of strong wind, and further ensuring that the gap between the rotor and the stator does not change, improving the accuracy.

[0107] Furthermore, by providing a tension body 94 between the hub tip and the leaf stalk in Embodiment 6, the swing of the leaf stalk 11 can be reduced, and further the gap between the rotor 83 and the stator 84 can be ensured not to change. Because the inventor found that if the gap between the rotor 83 and the stator 84 disappears, the tower 8 will be destroyed. If the gap is too large, there will be no power generation. If the gap is very small and does not reach the friction degree, the tower will also be destroyed. Therefore, in this embodiment, by providing the tension body 94, the swing of the leaf stalk 11 can be ensured not to occur, and since the rotor is connected to the leaf stalk, the swing of the rotor can be prevented, thereby ensuring the precise gap between the rotor and the stator and preventing the gap between the two from being affected by the wind force and the deformation of the wind blades.

[0108] It can be understood that the annular support structure can also be only connected to the main shaft seat and not connected to the main machine seat.

[0109] In addition, a tensioning structure may be provided between the leaf stalks of the blade bodies on a wind power generation system to further improve the stability of the framework.

[0110] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the drawings are only examples and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind power generation blade, comprising a blade body, the blade body including a blade stem portion, a blade frame, and a plurality of window sashes provided on the blade frame, the window sashes rotating about an axis; characterized in that, The window sash is controlled to open and close by a spring and / or a magnetic part. The spring or magnetic part keeps the window sash in a closed state when the wind pressure on the window sash is less than a wind pressure threshold, and automatically blows the window sash open when the wind pressure on the window sash is greater than the wind pressure threshold to avoid strong winds. Magnetic parts that attract each other are arranged between the window sash and the leaf frame or between adjacent window sashes. When the wind pressure is greater than the magnetic force of the magnetic part, the window sash automatically opens without being affected by the magnetic force. Each adjacent window sash arranged side by side shares at least one spring. When a window sash rotates around an axis, the spring connected thereto is stressed, driving the entire row of linked window sashes to open. Ropes are connected to the leaf frame of the leaf body and between the leaf frame and the leaf stem, and each rope is in a tensioned state.

2. The wind power blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring is a tension spring, which is arranged between the leaf frame and the window sash. The wind force drives the window sash to rotate so that the spring generates tension.

3. The wind power blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leaf stem and / or leaf frame is a truss structure, and the leaf stem and / or leaf frame is formed by a plurality of hollow tubes connected to each other.

4. An adaptive opening and closing method for a wind power blade according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: When the wind pressure on the blade is less than the wind pressure threshold, the window sash on the blade is kept in a closed state by the spring force and / or magnetic force; When the wind pressure is greater than the preset wind pressure value, the window sash is blown open by the wind and the pressure is relieved.

5. The adaptive opening and closing method of the wind power blade according to claim 4, wherein Also includes: When the wind pressure on the blades is less than the wind pressure threshold, the sashes on the blades remain closed and the blades rotate to generate electricity with light or medium wind; When the wind pressure on the blades is greater than the wind pressure threshold, the blade sashes are blown open by the wind to avoid strong winds and continue to generate electricity under strong winds; when the wind pressure on the blown open sashes is less than their spring force and / or magnetic force, the sashes automatically close under the action of the spring force and / or magnetic force.

6. A wind power generation system, comprising a tower and a hub, characterized in that, The hub is connected to the wind turbine blade according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. The wind power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that The wheel hub is provided with a wheel hub tip, and a tensioning body is provided between the wheel hub tip and the leaf stem and / or the leaf frame, and the tensioning body is a pull rope and / or a pull rod.

8. The wind power generation system according to claim 6, wherein The hub comprises a hub truss which is a polyhedral structure. The hub truss is connected to the blade stem of the blade body. At least two blade bodies are connected to one hub truss.

9. The wind power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wheel hub is connected to the main shaft seat through the main shaft, and is connected to the generator through the main shaft seat. The rotor and stator of the generator are arranged in the generator housing; or the rotor and stator of the generator are external structures to form a ring-shaped motor.

10. The wind power generation system according to claim 9, wherein, The annular motor is arranged on the leeward side of all blade bodies; the annular motor includes an annular support structure connected to the main shaft seat and / or the main body seat on the tower, a stator arranged on the annular support structure and a rotor arranged on the blade stem, and the rotor rotates relative to the stator under the drive of the wind wheel.

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