A method for building an intelligent prevention and control system for fire hazards in modern mines

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for building an intelligent prevention and control system for mine fire hazards, including establishing a multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards; intelligent and accurate perception of mine fire risk indicators; intelligent processing and hierarchical early warning of mine fire risk information; intelligent control of mine fires; thus completing the construction of a comprehensive fire prevention and extinguishment system integrating mine fire prediction, early warning, emergency response measures, intelligent fire extinguishment and disaster relief; by taking seven key areas as the basis for division, establishing a multi-dimensional risk index system and associated database for mine fire hazards, comprehensively considering the correlations of mutual influence and feedback among various systems and indicators, effectively solving the problems of chaotic and cumbersome index monitoring in mines; comprehensively using big data algorithms to calculate the monitored indicators, achieving the effect of dynamic early warning, and at the same time effectively linking the fire ranges in different areas to realize the precision and correspondence of mine fire prevention and extinguishment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for building an intelligent prevention and control system for fire hazards in modern mines, belonging to the technical field of intelligent fire prevention and extinguishing in mines. Background Art

[0002] At present, coal is still one of the important energy sources in China. During the coal mining process, many disasters will be faced, among which the fire safety hazard is one of the important disasters. To solve the technical problems of underground fire prevention and control in mining areas, "comprehensive monitoring, early warning, and accurate judgment" are the keys to mine fire prevention and control.

[0003] In the early stage, a series of studies on dynamic monitoring, identification, evaluation, warning, and emergency disposal were carried out for mine gas risks. The patent with the publication number CN208137982U discloses an intelligent mine ventilation regulation system, which realizes automatic control and remote control. However, this system cannot determine the air supply requirements in the event of internal fires such as coal spontaneous combustion, and it is difficult to meet the purpose of intelligent prevention and control of mine fires. The patent with the publication number CN114135328A provides a one-key intelligent reverse ventilation method for mine fans, which realizes the effects of full-mine reverse ventilation, regional reverse ventilation, and local reverse ventilation. However, the effect of this method in solving mine fires is not obvious, and it can only slow down the spread of the fire and prevent the expansion of the fire area. The patent with the publication number CN205850767U discloses an intelligent fire prevention and extinguishing filling system, which realizes the standard ratio of fly ash slurry concentration. However, for the gob area and high-level fire area with complex fissures, the stacking and forming effect of fly ash is poor, and the seepage area cannot be controlled, making it difficult to solve coal spontaneous combustion. The patent with the publication number CN114117949A provides an intelligent perception system for mine air flow parameters, which establishes a mine ventilation intelligent perception system close to the actual ventilation system. This system can provide a reference for fire warning, but the determination of the fire area, especially the delineation effect of the coal spontaneous combustion danger area, is not good. Based on this, building a set of mine intelligent comprehensive fire prevention and extinguishing system on the basis of modern mines in mining areas is the key to effectively solving fire prevention and control.

[0004] It can be found from the above that at the present stage, only the local system fire prevention and extinguishing of mine fires is studied, and the research on the integration of dynamic monitoring, identification, evaluation, warning, and emergency disposal in the mine intelligent system is not perfect. Based on this, in order to achieve the dynamic linkage between systems, it is necessary to build an intelligent prevention and control system for fire hazards in modern mines to realize the linkage effect of the cause of mine accidents, fire fighting and disaster relief resources, and accident handling measures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for building an intelligent prevention and control system for mine fire hazards, which can utilize various systems in the mining area for dynamic linkage to build a comprehensive fire prevention and extinguishing system integrating mine fire prediction, early warning, emergency response measures, intelligent fire extinguishing and disaster relief, so as to adapt to the changeable and complex underground environment of the mine industry.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for building an intelligent prevention and control system for mine fire hazards, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0007] Step 1: Establish a multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards: Monitor the fire risk index of seven key areas, namely the working face, the mined goaf, the coal pillar, the driving face, the coal bunker, the belt roadway, and the central substation. Among them, the working face, the mined goaf, the coal pillar, the driving face, and the coal bunker are the key areas for internal fire, and the belt roadway and the central substation are the key areas for external fire. According to the different characteristics of each key area, the index levels are divided respectively, so as to construct a multi-dimensional risk index system and associated database for mine fire hazards;

[0008] Step 2: Intelligent and accurate perception of mine fire risk indicators: According to the multi-dimensional risk index system of mine fire hazards in each key area constructed in Step 1, determine the fire risk indicators required for each key area, and use corresponding sensors to monitor the fire risk indicators required for each key area one by one in real time, and dynamically master the changes of the fire risk indicators in each key area;

[0009] Step 3: Intelligent processing and hierarchical early warning of mine fire risk information: According to the real-time monitored fire risk indicators of each key area obtained in Step 2, use big data analysis technology to divide the risk levels of the fire risk indicators monitored in real time for each key area respectively, and set up an intelligent fire classification alarm system, an intelligent query of fire prevention and extinguishing resources, and an auxiliary decision-making for fire prevention and control, so as to build an integrated pre-alarm and alarm platform for coal mine fires, form a comprehensive disaster early warning mode of information fusion - unified platform - abnormal alarm - comprehensive early warning, and realize the integration of main mine fire data and early warning in advance;

[0010] Step 4: Intelligent control of mine fires: Based on the alarm results of different levels obtained after analyzing the real-time monitored data in Step 3, automatically generate corresponding fire prevention and extinguishing measures according to different levels of alarm situations, so as to complete the construction of a comprehensive fire prevention and extinguishing system integrating mine fire prediction, early warning, emergency response measures, intelligent fire extinguishing and disaster relief.

[0011] Further, the specific content of Step 1 is as follows:

[0012] The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the coal mining face include coal seam conditions, gas in the coal mining face, advancement situation, physical properties of coal body, air leakage intensity, ventilation effect, working face situation, mining sequence, geological conditions, rock noise, drill cuttings amount, coal body stress, and support situation. Among them, the second-level indicators of coal seam conditions include coal seam thickness, coal seam dip angle, coal seam hardness, roof or floor conditions. The third-level indicators of the roof or floor conditions include roof and floor. The fourth-level indicators of the roof include main roof, immediate roof, and false roof. The fourth-level indicators of the floor include basic floor and immediate floor. The second-level indicators of the gas in the coal mining face include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2. The second-level indicators of the advancement situation include daily footage, daily advancement speed change, and monthly average footage. The second-level indicators of the physical properties of the coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of coal sample, calorific value of coal, spontaneous combustion period of coal, coal body density, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture, ash, total sulfur, and volatile matter. The second-level indicators of the air leakage intensity include air volume, air velocity, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway. The second-level indicators of the ventilation effect include air velocity and ventilation mode. Among them, the third-level indicators of the ventilation mode include U-type ventilation system, Z-type ventilation system, Y-type ventilation system, W-type ventilation system, double-Z-type ventilation system, and H-type ventilation system. The second-level indicators of the working face situation include working face width, working face length, roadway width, and section dip length. The second-level indicators of the mining sequence include retreating mining, advancing mining, and reciprocating mining. The second-level indicators of the geological conditions include impact force and hydrogeological conditions. The second-level indicators of the rock noise include frequency and energy. The second-level indicators of the drill cuttings amount include power and drill powder amount. The second-level indicators of the coal body stress include maximum stress per shift, minimum stress per shift, and monthly average stress. The second-level indicators of the support situation include bolt support resistance, bolt-cable support resistance, and hydraulic support resistance.

[0013] The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the mined goaf include physical properties of coal body, temperature, gases in the mined goaf, situation of residual coal, air leakage intensity, caving situation in the goaf, and goaf situation; the second-level indicators of the physical properties of coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of coal sample, calorific value of coal, spontaneous combustion period of coal, coal body density, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture content, ash content, total sulfur, and volatile matter; the second-level indicators of the temperature include temperature of the connection roadway wall, temperature of residual coal, temperature of rock stratum, air flow temperature, and temperature rise rate; the second-level indicators of the gases in the mined goaf include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2 gases; the second-level indicators of the air leakage intensity include air volume, air velocity, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway; the second-level indicators of the caving situation in the goaf include the range of caving zone, range of fractured zone, range of bending subsidence zone, and porosity distribution; the second-level indicators of the goaf situation include the strike length of the goaf, dip length of the goaf, and dip angle of the goaf floor;

[0014] The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the coal pillar include change in coal pillar stress, coal pillar situation, physical properties of coal body, air leakage intensity, and gases in the pillar; the second-level indicators of the change in coal pillar stress include stress change, horizontal displacement change, vertical displacement change, and fissures. The third-level indicators of the fissures include endogenous fissures (cleats) and exogenous fissures. The fourth-level indicators of the endogenous fissures include face cleats and end cleats; the fourth-level indicators of the exogenous fissures include tensile exogenous fissures, shear exogenous fissures, tensile-shear exogenous fissures, compressive-shear exogenous fissures, and cleavage; the second-level indicators of the coal pillar situation include coal pillar length, coal pillar width, and temperature inside the pillar; the second-level indicators of the physical properties of coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of coal sample, calorific value of coal, spontaneous combustion period of coal, coal body density, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture content, ash content, total sulfur, and volatile matter; the second-level indicators of the air leakage intensity include air volume, air velocity, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway; the second-level indicators of the gases in the pillar include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2;

[0015] The first-level indicators of the fire risk index for the tunneling face include geology, gas in the tunneling face, tunneling conditions, and air leakage intensity. The second-level indicators of geology include faults, coal seam strike, coal seam dip angle, coal seam dip direction, and coal body drop. The second-level indicators of gas in the tunneling face include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, and C2H4 / C2H6. The second-level indicators of tunneling conditions include tunneling speed and tunneling method. The third-level indicators of tunneling speed include footage per shift, daily change in tunneling speed, and monthly average footage. The third-level indicators of tunneling method include fully mechanized mining, mechanized mining, blasting mining, hydraulic mining, and pick mining. The second-level indicators of air leakage intensity include air volume, air velocity, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway.

[0016] The first-level indicators of the fire risk index for the coal bunker include gas in the bunker, physical properties of the coal body, and storage conditions. The second-level indicators of gas in the bunker include CO, CO2, O2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2. The second-level indicators of physical properties of the coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of the coal sample, calorific value of the coal, spontaneous combustion period of the coal, density of the coal body, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture content, ash content, total sulfur, and volatile matter. The second-level indicators of storage conditions include storage quantity, storage time, and coal storage environment. The third-level indicators of the coal storage environment include ambient temperature, air density, atmospheric pressure, O2 concentration, and altitude. The fourth-level indicators of ambient temperature include bunker wall temperature, coal storage port temperature, and top temperature.

[0017] The first-level indicators of the fire risk index for the belt roadway include belt, electrical appliances, electric welding, gas in the belt roadway, and temperature. The second-level indicators of the belt include initial belt tension, friction coefficient between the main roller and the belt, total wrap angle of the belt, transportation speed, and belt temperature. The second-level indicators of electrical appliances include cables, insulators, and motors. The third-level indicators of insulators include material and time. The fourth-level indicators of material include thickness, toughness, and flame retardancy. The third-level indicators of motors include rotational speed and temperature. The second-level indicators generated by electric welding include arc sparks and fumes. The second-level indicators of gas in the belt roadway include CO, CO2, and C2H2. The second-level indicators of temperature include idler temperature, roller temperature, belt head temperature, and tail temperature.

[0018] The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators of the central substation include the central substation gas and electrical equipment; the second-level indicators of the central substation gas include CO, CO2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, and C2H4 / C2H6; the second-level indicators of the electrical equipment include primary equipment and secondary equipment; the third-level indicators of the primary equipment include generators, transformers, overhead lines, and switch cabinets; the fourth-level indicators of the transformers include capacity; the fourth-level indicators of the switch cabinets include thickness; the third-level indicators of the secondary equipment include cables, motors, and distribution cabinets; the fourth-level indicators of the cables include cross-sectional area and length.

[0019] Furthermore, the sensors used in the second step include contact sensors and non-contact sensors; the contact sensors include pressure gauges, differential pressure sensors, vibration sensors, inclination sensors, displacement sensors, and speed sensors; the non-contact sensors include gas chromatograph-type beam tubes, gas sensors, temperature sensors, audio sensors, infrared sensors, ultraviolet sensors, explosion-proof cameras, ultrasonic detection sensors, and machine vision sensors.

[0020] Furthermore, the third step is specifically as follows: Using big data to conduct in-depth fusion analysis on the real-time monitored fire risk indicators of each key area obtained in the second step. Among them, the intelligent processing of mine fire risk information is to conduct cross-analysis on the geological condition information, temperature information, hazard source information, mining space environment information, equipment information, and gas information of the seven key areas monitored. By comprehensively integrating different types of monitoring information, a mine fire model is constructed; the mine fire risk grading and early warning is to establish a multi-level, multi-dimensional, and multi-parameter early warning index discrimination system, use big data processing technology to calculate the data that conforms to the characteristics of coal mine fires, directly transfer the index parameter data obtained from the existing scattered subsystems to the upper computer software analysis mode, and conduct multiple processes of automatic collection of dangerous information, automatic fusion, situation judgment, intelligent early warning, and coordinated response. Finally, use big data to determine the fire situation of the seven key areas in the index library, and achieve the integration of monitoring, prediction, and alarm.

[0021] Further, the specific content of Step 4 is as follows: According to the results of big data processing in Step 3, integrating the coal mine environment and coal seam conditions, after uniformly processing the data, through the intelligent analysis method in the fire prevention and control application, the information-based display of fire control is realized; the coal mine environment includes the altitude, terrain, and atmospheric pressure of the coal mine; the fire control refers to that when abnormalities occur in seven key areas, according to the hierarchical early warning results in Step 3, hierarchical early warning and dynamic mobilization are carried out for different management personnel. When the severity of the fire is slight, the system provides corresponding targeted fire prevention and extinguishing measures according to the different characteristics of the seven key areas based on the big data intelligent algorithm; the fire prevention and extinguishing measures are to compare the on-site dangerous situation with the dangerous cases stored in the database, and automatically generate the materials required for fire extinguishing and their configuration processes; at the same time, in the event of a disaster, according to the expert knowledge base, the intelligent analysis of the problems of mine fire prevention and extinguishing solved by different expert personnel in the past is carried out, the similarity between the real-time fire situation and the coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing cases and coal mine material reserves in the information database is compared, a fire emergency disposal plan is provided, and at the same time, the big data will match the best fire prevention and extinguishing expert personnel, and comprehensively display the all-round information and dynamic real-time situation of the coal mine in the form of intuitive, multi-dimensional indicators, graphs, and reports, and send the real-time situation to the expert email to obtain the best fire prevention and extinguishing measures in the shortest time, so as to efficiently guide the fire prevention and control work at the operation site; the coal mine material reserves include prevention and control equipment and fire prevention and extinguishing materials; among them, the prevention and control equipment includes its storage location, usage times, aging degree, and maintenance status; the fire prevention and extinguishing materials include the types of materials, storage quantity, consumption quantity, and warehousing management situation; the warehousing management situation presents the material storage, material sorting, material transportation, material use, and remaining material situation in the form of digital inventory management, transfer management, transportation management, usage records, and audit settlement.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, by using the dynamic linkage of each system in the mining area, combining internal fire and external fire, and building a comprehensive fire prevention and extinguishing system integrating mine fire prediction, early warning, emergency disposal measures, intelligent fire extinguishing, and disaster relief, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. First, determine seven key areas, namely the coal mining face, the mined goaf, the coal pillar, the tunneling face, the coal bunker, the belt roadway, and the central substation. Among them, the coal mining face, the mined goaf, the coal pillar, the tunneling face, and the coal bunker are the key areas for internal fire, and the belt roadway and the central substation are the key areas for external fire. Then, based on these seven key areas, establish a multi-dimensional risk index system and an associated database for mine fire hazards (that is, the fire risk index grading is carried out for each area). By comprehensively dividing the fire hazard index levels of each area, it changes the previous scattered and simply superimposed warning effect of coal mine index monitoring; comprehensively considers the interrelationships and feedbacks among various systems and indicators, achieving the effects of scientific mine fire index monitoring, standardized hierarchical division framework, and integrated warning process, effectively solving the problems of chaotic and cumbersome mine index monitoring;

[0024] 2. Comprehensively use big data algorithms to calculate the monitored indicators, achieving the effect of dynamic warning. At the same time, effectively link the fire scopes in different areas, accurately calculate the specific location of the ignition point, save the manpower and material resources consumed in fire prevention and extinguishment, and play a feedback inspection effect on the fire prevention and extinguishment effect;

[0025] 3. Build an expert database through big data. After fire warning, associate it with similar fire types in the past, and contact experts in the shortest time to achieve precision and correspondence in mine fire prevention and extinguishment. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 This is the multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is the risk index system of the coal mining face in the multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is the risk index system of the mined goaf in the multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is the risk index system of the tunneling face in the multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is the risk index system of the coal pillar in the multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is the risk index system of the coal bunker in the multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is the risk index system of the belt roadway in the multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is the risk index system of the central substation in the multi-dimensional risk index library of mine fire hazards of the present invention. Specific implementation manners

[0034] The present invention will be further described below.

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, the specific steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] Step 1: Establish a multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards: Monitor the fire risk indicators of seven key areas, namely the coal mining face, the mined goaf, the coal pillar, the heading face, the coal bunker, the belt roadway, and the central substation. Among them, the coal mining face, the mined goaf, the coal pillar, the heading face, and the coal bunker are the key areas for internal fire, and the belt roadway and the central substation are the key areas for external fire. According to the different characteristics of each key area, the index levels are respectively divided to construct a multi-dimensional risk index system and an associated database for mine fire hazards. Specifically:

[0037] As Figure 2As shown, the first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the coal mining face include coal seam conditions, gas in the coal mining face, advancement, physical properties of coal body, air leakage intensity, ventilation effect, working face conditions, mining sequence, geological conditions, rock noise, drill cuttings volume, coal body stress, and support conditions; among them, the second-level indicators of coal seam conditions include coal seam thickness, coal seam dip angle, coal seam hardness, roof or floor conditions; the third-level indicators of the roof or floor conditions include roof and floor, and the fourth-level indicators of the roof include main roof, immediate roof, and false roof, and the fourth-level indicators of the floor include basic floor and immediate floor; the second-level indicators of the gas in the coal mining face include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2; the second-level indicators of the advancement include footage per shift, daily advancement speed change, and monthly average footage; the second-level indicators of the physical properties of the coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of coal sample, calorific value of coal, spontaneous combustion period of coal, coal body density, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture, ash, total sulfur, and volatile matter; the second-level indicators of the air leakage intensity include air volume, wind speed, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway; the second-level indicators of the ventilation effect include wind speed and ventilation mode, and the third-level indicators of the ventilation mode include U-type ventilation system, Z-type ventilation system, Y-type ventilation system, W-type ventilation system, double-Z-type ventilation system, and H-type ventilation system; the second-level indicators of the working face conditions include working face width, working face length, roadway width, and section inclined length; the second-level indicators of the mining sequence include retreating mining, advancing mining, and reciprocating mining; the second-level indicators of the geological conditions include impact force and hydrogeological conditions; the second-level indicators of the rock noise include frequency and energy; the second-level indicators of the drill cuttings volume include driving force and drill powder volume; the second-level indicators of the coal body stress include maximum stress per shift, minimum stress per shift, and monthly average stress; the second-level indicators of the support conditions include bolt support resistance, bolt and cable support resistance, and hydraulic support resistance;

[0038] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the first-level indicators of the fire risk index of the mined goaf include physical properties of coal body, temperature, gas in the mined goaf, residual coal situation, air leakage intensity, caving situation in the goaf, and goaf situation; the second-level indicators of the physical properties of coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of coal sample, calorific value of coal, spontaneous combustion period of coal, coal body density, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture content, ash content, total sulfur, and volatile matter; the second-level indicators of the temperature include temperature of the connecting roadway wall, residual coal temperature, rock stratum temperature, air current temperature, and temperature rise rate; the second-level indicators of the gas in the mined goaf include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2 gases; the second-level indicators of the air leakage intensity include air volume, air velocity, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway; the second-level indicators of the caving situation in the goaf include the range of caving zone, the range of fissure zone, the range of bending subsidence zone, and porosity distribution; the second-level indicators of the goaf situation include the strike length of the goaf, the dip length of the goaf, and the dip angle of the goaf floor;

[0039] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, the first-level indicators of the fire risk index of the coal pillar include the change in coal pillar stress, coal pillar situation, physical properties of coal body, air leakage intensity, and gas in the pillar; the second-level indicators of the change in coal pillar stress include stress change, horizontal displacement change, vertical displacement change, and fissures. The third-level indicators of the fissures include endogenous fissures (cleats) and exogenous fissures. The fourth-level indicators of the endogenous fissures include face cleats and end cleats; the fourth-level indicators of the exogenous fissures include tensile exogenous fissures, shear exogenous fissures, tensile-shear exogenous fissures, compressive-shear exogenous fissures, and cleavage; the second-level indicators of the coal pillar situation include coal pillar length, coal pillar width, and temperature in the pillar; the second-level indicators of the physical properties of coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of coal sample, calorific value of coal, spontaneous combustion period of coal, coal body density, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture content, ash content, total sulfur, and volatile matter; the second-level indicators of the air leakage intensity include air volume, air velocity, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway; the second-level indicators of the gas in the pillar include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2;

[0040] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the tunneling face include geology, gas in the tunneling face, tunneling conditions, and air leakage intensity; the second-level indicators of geology include faults, coal seam strike, coal seam dip angle, coal seam dip direction, and coal body drop; the second-level indicators of gas in the tunneling face include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, and C2H4 / C2H6; the second-level indicators of tunneling conditions include tunneling speed and tunneling method. The third-level indicators of tunneling speed include footage per shift, daily change in tunneling speed, and monthly average footage. The third-level indicators of tunneling method include fully mechanized mining, mechanized mining, blasting mining, hydraulic mining, and pick mining; the second-level indicators of air leakage intensity include air volume, air velocity, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway;

[0041] As Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the coal bunker include gas in the bunker, physical properties of the coal body, and storage conditions; the second-level indicators of gas in the bunker include CO, CO2, O2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2; the second-level indicators of physical properties of the coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of the coal sample, calorific value of the coal, spontaneous combustion period of the coal, density of the coal body, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture content, ash content, total sulfur, and volatile matter; the second-level indicators of storage conditions include storage volume, storage time, and coal storage environment; the third-level indicators of the coal storage environment include environmental temperature, air density, atmospheric pressure, O2 concentration, and altitude; the fourth-level indicators of environmental temperature include wall temperature of the bunker, temperature at the coal storage inlet, and top temperature;

[0042] As Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the belt roadway include belt, electrical appliances, electric welding, gas in the belt roadway, and temperature; the second-level indicators of the belt include initial tension of the belt, friction coefficient between the main roller and the belt, total wrap angle of the belt, transportation speed, and belt temperature; the second-level indicators of electrical appliances include cables, insulators, and motors; the third-level indicators of insulators include material and time; the fourth-level indicators of materials include thickness, toughness, and flame retardancy; the third-level indicators of motors include rotational speed and temperature; the second-level indicators generated by electric welding include arc sparks and fumes; the second-level indicators of gas in the belt roadway include CO, CO2, and C2H2; the second-level indicators of temperature include idler temperature, roller temperature, belt head temperature, and tail temperature;

[0043] As Figure 8As shown in the figure, the first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators of the central substation include the gas and electrical equipment in the central substation; the second-level indicators of the gas in the central substation include CO, CO2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, and C2H4 / C2H6; the second-level indicators of the electrical equipment include primary equipment and secondary equipment; the third-level indicators of the primary equipment include generators, transformers, overhead lines, and switch cabinets; the fourth-level indicators of the transformers include capacity; the fourth-level indicators of the switch cabinets include thickness; the third-level indicators of the secondary equipment include cables, motors, and distribution cabinets; the fourth-level indicators of the cables include cross-sectional area and length.

[0044] Step 2: Intelligent and accurate perception of mine fire risk indicators: According to the multi-dimensional risk indicator system of mine fire hazards in each key area constructed in Step 1, determine the fire risk indicators required for each key area, and use corresponding sensors to monitor each fire risk indicator required for each key area in real time one by one, and dynamically master the changes in the fire risk indicators in each key area; the sensors include contact sensors and non-contact sensors; the contact sensors include pressure gauges, differential pressure sensors, vibration sensors, inclination sensors, displacement sensors, and speed sensors; the non-contact sensors include gas chromatograph-type beam tubes, gas sensors, temperature sensors, audio sensors, infrared sensors, ultraviolet sensors, explosion-proof cameras, ultrasonic detection sensors, and machine vision sensors.

[0045] Step 3: Intelligent processing and hierarchical early warning of mine fire risk information: According to the real-time monitored fire risk indicators of each key area obtained in Step 2, use big data analysis technology to divide the risk levels of the fire risk indicators monitored in real time for each key area, and set up a fire classification intelligent alarm system, intelligent query of fire prevention and extinguishing resources, and auxiliary decision-making for fire prevention and control, to build an integrated pre-alarm platform for coal mine fires, form a comprehensive disaster early warning mode of information fusion - unified platform - abnormal alarm - comprehensive early warning, and realize the integration of main mine fire data and early warning in advance. Specifically:

[0046] Using big data to conduct in-depth fusion analysis on the real-time monitored fire risk indicators obtained in Step 2. Among them, the intelligent processing of mine fire risk information involves cross-analysis of the geological condition information, temperature information, hazard source information, mining space environment information, equipment information, and gas information of the seven key areas being monitored. By comprehensively integrating different types of monitored information, a mine fire model is constructed. The mine fire risk classification and early warning is achieved by establishing a multi-level, multi-dimensional, and multi-parameter early warning index discrimination system. Using big data processing technology to calculate the data conforming to the characteristics of coal mine fires, the index parameter data obtained from the existing dispersed subsystems is directly transferred to the analysis mode of the upper computer software for multiple processes of automatic collection of dangerous information, automatic fusion, situation judgment, intelligent early warning, and coordinated response. Finally, using big data to determine the fire situation of the seven key areas in the index library, realizing the integration of monitoring, pre-judgment, and alarm.

[0047] Step 4. Intelligent control of mine fires: Based on the alarm results of different levels obtained after analyzing the real-time monitoring data in Step 3, corresponding fire prevention and extinguishing measures are automatically generated according to the alarm conditions of different levels. Specifically: According to the results of big data processing in Step 3, integrating the coal mine environment and coal body conditions, the data is uniformly processed and then through the intelligent analysis method in the fire prevention and control application, the informatization display of fire control is realized; the coal mine environment includes the altitude, terrain, and atmospheric pressure of the coal mine; the fire control refers to when abnormalities occur in seven key areas, different managers can be graded and warned and dynamically mobilized according to the grading and warning results in Step 3. When the fire severity is minor, the system provides corresponding targeted fire prevention and extinguishing measures according to the different characteristics of the seven key areas based on big data intelligent algorithms; the fire prevention and extinguishing measures are to compare the on-site dangerous situation with the dangerous cases stored in the database to automatically generate the materials required for extinguishing and their configuration processes; at the same time, in the event of a disaster, according to the expert knowledge base, the intelligent analysis of the mine fire prevention and extinguishing problems solved by different expert personnel in the past is carried out, the similarity between the real-time fire situation and the coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing cases and coal mine material reserves in the information database is compared, a fire emergency disposal plan is provided, and at the same time, big data will match the best fire prevention and extinguishing expert personnel, comprehensively display the full range of information and dynamic real-time situation of the coal mine in the form of intuitive, multi-dimensional indicators, graphics, and reports, and send the real-time situation to the expert email to obtain the best fire prevention and extinguishing measures in the shortest time, so as to efficiently guide the fire prevention and control work at the operation site; the coal mine material reserves include prevention and control equipment and fire prevention and extinguishing materials; among them, the prevention and control equipment includes its storage location, usage times, aging degree, and maintenance status; the fire prevention and extinguishing materials include the types of materials, storage quantity, consumption quantity, and warehousing management situation; the warehousing management situation presents the material storage, material sorting, material transportation, material use, and remaining material situation in the form of digital inventory management, transfer management, transportation management, usage records, and audit settlement, so as to complete the construction of a comprehensive fire prevention and extinguishing system integrating mine fire prediction, early warning, emergency disposal measures, intelligent fire extinguishing, and disaster relief.

[0048] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for building an intelligent prevention and control system for fire hazards in a modern mine, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Step 1. Establish a multi-dimensional risk index library for mine fire hazards: Monitor the fire risk indicators in seven key areas, namely the coal mining face, the mined goaf, the coal pillar, the tunneling face, the coal bunker, the belt roadway, and the central substation. According to the different characteristics of each key area, divide the index levels respectively, so as to construct a multi-dimensional risk index system and an associated database for mine fire hazards; Step 2. Intelligent and accurate perception of mine fire risk indicators: According to the multi-dimensional risk index system for mine fire hazards in each key area constructed in Step 1, determine the fire risk indicators required for each key area, and use corresponding sensors to monitor the fire risk indicators required for each key area one by one in real time, and dynamically master the changes of the fire risk indicators in each key area; Step 3. Intelligent processing and hierarchical early warning of mine fire risk information: Use big data to conduct in-depth fusion analysis on the real-time monitored fire risk indicators in each key area obtained in Step 2. Among them, the intelligent processing of mine fire risk information is to conduct cross-analysis on the geological condition information, temperature information, hazard source information, mining space environment information, equipment information, and gas information of the seven key areas monitored. By comprehensively integrating different types of monitoring information, a mine fire model is constructed; The hierarchical early warning of mine fire risk is to establish a multi-level, multi-dimensional, and multi-parameter early warning index discrimination system, use big data processing technology to calculate the data conforming to the characteristics of coal mine fires, and directly transfer the index parameter data obtained from the existing scattered subsystems to the analysis mode of the upper computer software for automatic collection, automatic fusion, situation judgment, intelligent early warning, and coordinated response of dangerous information. Finally, use big data to determine the fire situation in the seven key areas in the index library, and realize the integration of monitoring, prediction, and alarm; Step 4. Intelligent control of mine fires: Based on the alarm results of different levels obtained after analyzing the real-time monitoring data in Step 3, automatically generate corresponding fire prevention and extinguishing measures according to the alarm conditions of different levels, so as to complete the construction of a comprehensive fire prevention and extinguishing system integrating mine fire prediction, early warning, emergency disposal measures, intelligent fire extinguishing, and disaster relief.

2. The method for building an intelligent prevention and control system for modern mine fire hazards according to claim 1, wherein The specific content of Step 1 is as follows: The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the coal mining face include coal seam conditions, gas in the coal mining face, advancing situation, physical properties of coal body, air leakage intensity, ventilation effect, working face conditions, mining sequence, geological conditions, rock noise, drill cuttings volume, coal body stress, and support conditions; among them, the second-level indicators of coal seam conditions include coal seam thickness, coal seam dip angle, coal seam hardness, roof or floor conditions; the third-level indicators of the roof or floor conditions include roof and floor, and the fourth-level indicators of the roof include main roof, immediate roof, and false roof, and the fourth-level indicators of the floor include basic floor and immediate floor; the second-level indicators of the gas in the coal mining face include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2; the second-level indicators of the advancing situation include daily footage, daily change in advancing speed, and monthly average footage; the second-level indicators of the physical properties of the coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of coal sample, calorific value of coal, spontaneous combustion period of coal, coal body density, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture content, ash content, total sulfur, and volatile matter; the second-level indicators of the air leakage intensity include air volume, wind speed, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway; the second-level indicators of the ventilation effect include wind speed and ventilation mode, and the third-level indicators of the ventilation mode include U-type ventilation system, Z-type ventilation system, Y-type ventilation system, W-type ventilation system, double-Z-type ventilation system, and H-type ventilation system; the second-level indicators of the working face conditions include working face width, working face length, roadway width, and section inclined length; the second-level indicators of the mining sequence include retreating mining, advancing mining, and reciprocating mining; the second-level indicators of the geological conditions include impact force and hydrogeological conditions; the second-level indicators of the rock noise include frequency and energy; the second-level indicators of the drill cuttings volume include driving force and drill powder volume; the second-level indicators of the coal body stress include maximum stress per shift, minimum stress per shift, and monthly average stress; The second-level indicators of the support conditions include bolt support resistance, bolt-cable support resistance, and hydraulic support resistance; The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the mined goaf include physical properties of coal body, temperature, gases in the mined goaf, residual coal situation, air leakage intensity, caving situation in the goaf, and goaf situation; the second-level indicators of the physical properties of coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of coal sample, calorific value of coal, spontaneous combustion period of coal, coal body density, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture content, ash content, total sulfur, and volatile matter; the second-level indicators of the temperature include temperature of the connection roadway wall, residual coal temperature, strata temperature, air current temperature, and temperature rise rate; the second-level indicators of the gases in the mined goaf include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2 gases; the second-level indicators of the air leakage intensity include air volume, air velocity, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway; the second-level indicators of the caving situation in the goaf include the range of caving zone, the range of fractured zone, the range of bending subsidence zone, and porosity distribution; the second-level indicators of the goaf situation include the strike length of the goaf, the dip length of the goaf, and the dip angle of the goaf floor; The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the coal pillar include changes in coal pillar stress, coal pillar situation, physical properties of coal body, air leakage intensity, and gases in the pillar; the second-level indicators of the changes in coal pillar stress include stress change, horizontal displacement change, vertical displacement change, and fissures. The third-level indicators of the fissures include endogenous fissures and exogenous fissures. The fourth-level indicators of the endogenous fissures include face cleats and end cleats; the fourth-level indicators of the exogenous fissures include tensile exogenous fissures, shear exogenous fissures, tensile-shear exogenous fissures, compressive-shear exogenous fissures, and cleavage; the second-level indicators of the coal pillar situation include coal pillar length, coal pillar width, and temperature inside the pillar; the second-level indicators of the physical properties of coal body include coal body porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of coal sample, calorific value of coal, spontaneous combustion period of coal, coal body density, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture content, ash content, total sulfur, and volatile matter; the second-level indicators of the air leakage intensity include air volume, air velocity, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway; the second-level indicators of the gases in the pillar include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2; The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the heading face include geology, gases in the heading face, heading situation, and air leakage intensity; the second-level indicators of the geology include faults, coal seam strike, coal seam dip angle, coal seam dip direction, and coal body throw; the second-level indicators of the gases in the heading face include CO, CO2, O2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, and C2H4 / C2H6; the second-level indicators of the heading situation include heading speed and heading method. The third-level indicators of the heading speed include footage per shift, change in daily heading speed, and monthly average footage; the third-level indicators of the heading method include fully mechanized mining, mechanized mining, blasting mining, hydraulic mining, and pick mining; the second-level indicators of the air leakage intensity include air volume, air velocity, and pressure difference in the intake airway or return airway; The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the coal bunker include in-bunker gas, physical properties of coal, and storage conditions; the second-level indicators of the in-bunker gas include CO, CO2, O2, C2H4, C2H6, C2H4 / C2H6, and CO / O2; the second-level indicators of the physical properties of coal include coal porosity, equivalent thermal conductivity of coal sample, calorific value of coal, spontaneous combustion period of coal, coal density, activation energy, coal particle size, molecular surface structure, moisture content, ash content, total sulfur, and volatile matter; the second-level indicators of the storage conditions include storage quantity, storage time, and coal storage environment; the third-level indicators of the coal storage environment include environmental temperature, air density, atmospheric pressure, O2 concentration, and altitude; the fourth-level indicators of the environmental temperature include bunker wall temperature, coal storage port temperature, and top temperature. The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the belt roadway include belt, electrical appliances, electric welding, belt roadway gas, and temperature; the second-level indicators of the belt include initial tension of the belt, friction coefficient between the main roller and the belt, total wrap angle of the belt, transportation speed, and belt temperature; the second-level indicators of the electrical appliances include cables, insulators, and motors; the third-level indicators of the insulators include material and time; the fourth-level indicators of the material include thickness, toughness, and flame retardancy; the third-level indicators of the motors include rotational speed and temperature; the second-level indicators generated by electric welding include arc sparks and fumes; the second-level indicators of the belt roadway gas include CO, CO2, and C2H2; the second-level indicators of the temperature include idler temperature, roller temperature, belt head temperature, and tail temperature. The first-level indicators of the fire risk indicators for the central substation include central substation gas and electrical equipment; the second-level indicators of the central substation gas include CO, CO2, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, and C2H4 / C2H6; the second-level indicators of the electrical equipment include primary equipment and secondary equipment; the third-level indicators of the primary equipment include generators, transformers, overhead lines, and switch cabinets; the fourth-level indicators of the transformers include capacity; the fourth-level indicators of the switch cabinets include thickness; the third-level indicators of the secondary equipment include cables, motors, and distribution cabinets; the fourth-level indicators of the cables include cross-sectional area and length.

3. The method for building an intelligent prevention and control system for fire hazards in a modern mine according to claim 1, characterized in that The sensors used in Step 2 include contact sensors and non-contact sensors; the contact sensors include pressure gauges, differential pressure sensors, vibration sensors, inclination sensors, displacement sensors, and speed sensors; the non-contact sensors include gas chromatograph-type beam tubes, gas sensors, temperature sensors, audio sensors, infrared sensors, ultraviolet sensors, explosion-proof cameras, ultrasonic detection sensors, and machine vision sensors.

4. The method for building an intelligent prevention and control system for modern mine fire hazards according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 4 is specifically as follows: According to the results of big data processing in Step 3, integrating the coal mine environment and coal body conditions, after uniformly processing the data, through the intelligent analysis method in the fire prevention and control application, the information-based display of fire control is realized; the coal mine environment includes the altitude, terrain, and atmospheric pressure where the coal mine is located; the fire control refers to that when abnormalities occur in seven key areas, according to the grading early warning results in Step 3, different managers are given grading early warnings and dynamic mobilizations. When the severity of the fire is slight, the system, based on the different characteristics of the seven key areas, provides corresponding targeted fire prevention and extinguishing measures according to the big data intelligent algorithm; the fire prevention and extinguishing measures are to compare the on-site dangerous situation with the dangerous cases stored in the database, and automatically generate the materials required for extinguishing and their configuration processes; at the same time, in the event of a disaster, according to the expert knowledge base, the intelligent analysis of the mine fire prevention and extinguishing problems solved by different expert personnel in the past is carried out, the similarity between the real-time fire situation and the coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing cases and coal mine material reserves in the information library is compared, a fire emergency disposal plan is provided, and at the same time, the big data will match the best fire prevention and extinguishing expert personnel, comprehensively display the all-round information and dynamic real-time situation of the coal mine in the form of intuitive, multi-dimensional indicators, graphs, and reports, and send the real-time situation to the expert email to obtain the best fire prevention and extinguishing measures in the shortest time limit, so as to efficiently guide the fire prevention and control work at the operation site; the coal mine material reserves include prevention and control equipment and fire prevention and extinguishing materials; among them, the prevention and control equipment includes its storage location, usage times, aging degree, and maintenance status; the fire prevention and extinguishing materials include the types of materials, storage quantity, consumption quantity, and warehousing management situation; the warehousing management situation presents the material storage, material sorting, material transportation, material use, and remaining material situation in the form of digital inventory management, transfer management, transportation management, usage records, and audit settlement.

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