A Freshwater Mussel Larva Collection Device and Its Usage Method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a freshwater mussel larva collection device and a using method thereof, which relates to the field of water body larva detection equipment. The device includes a water pump, the output end of the water pump is connected to a transfer cup through a water delivery pipe, a larva enrichment funnel is arranged inside the transfer cup, and the bottom end of the transfer cup is connected to a quantitative control component through a pipe; filtering holes for filtering larvae are arranged on the side wall of the larva enrichment funnel; a collection pipe is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the larva enrichment funnel, the bottom end of the collection pipe passes through the transfer cup, and the bottom end of the collection pipe is connected to a larva collection bottle, an electric valve is arranged at the top end of the collection pipe, and the quantitative control component is electrically connected to the water pump and the electric valve respectively. By using the water pump to extract water from a specified water area and a specified depth in the reservoir, the larvae in a certain amount of the extracted water are collected through the larva enrichment funnel. After the larvae are enriched by the larva enrichment funnel, the detection volume can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water body larva detection equipment, and particularly relates to a freshwater mussel larva collection device and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The freshwater mussel, also known as the marsh clam, is the only species in the Mytilidae family that lives in fresh water. The freshwater mussel is an invasive fouling organism, and it has currently caused relatively serious impacts on the operation and production of many hydropower projects in China. The larvae of the freshwater mussel will enter the water conveyance project along with the water flow, aggregate and adhere to the structure surface, form biological fouling, damage the concrete and metal structure walls, increase the water conveyance resistance, and even block the pipeline. The dead mussels will cause an increase in the organic matter content of the water body and a decrease in dissolved oxygen, resulting in water pollution. In recent years, the research and control of the freshwater mussel have received increasing attention. Previous research has mostly focused on the killing, removal, and control of adult freshwater mussels. However, the larvae of the freshwater mussel in hydropower stations and water conveyance projects will continue to spread along the water flow direction. Mastering the density and morphology of the freshwater mussel larvae in the water body helps to master its ecological habits such as the breeding cycle, which is a key link in its prevention and control. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor the distribution, density, growth pattern, and development process of the freshwater mussel larvae in the water body. There is no collection device for freshwater mussel larvae in the existing technology, and it is difficult to count and monitor the distribution data of the freshwater mussel larvae in the water body. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a freshwater mussel larva collection device and a using method suitable for detecting larvae in reservoir water bodies.

[0004] To achieve the above invention purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A freshwater mussel larva collection device and a using method thereof are provided, which include a water pump. The output end of the water pump is connected to a transfer cup through a water delivery pipe. A larva enrichment funnel is arranged inside the transfer cup, and the bottom end of the transfer cup is connected to a quantitative control component through a pipeline. Filter holes for filtering larvae are arranged on the side wall of the larva enrichment funnel. A collection pipe is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the larva enrichment funnel. The bottom end of the collection pipe passes through the transfer cup, and the bottom end of the collection pipe is connected to a larva collection bottle. An electric valve is arranged at the top end of the collection pipe. The quantitative control component is electrically connected to the water pump and the electric valve respectively.

[0006] The water at a specified water area and a specified depth in the reservoir is pumped through the water pump, and the larvae in a certain amount of the pumped water are collected through the larva enrichment funnel. After the larvae are enriched by the larva enrichment funnel, the detection volume can be effectively reduced, and the detection difficulty can be reduced. The enriched larvae are collected and stored in the larva collection bottle, which is convenient for transferring the sample to the laboratory.

[0007] Further, the quantitative control component includes a quantitative water tank, inside which a water level sensor is arranged. The water level sensor is electrically connected to a single-chip microcomputer, which is in turn electrically connected to a water pump and an electric valve. Setting the height of the water level sensor in the quantitative water tank enables setting the amount of water extracted, which is convenient and fast.

[0008] Further, the aperture of the filtering holes is 0.064 mm.

[0009] Further, an electric chemical dosing device is also arranged at the bottle mouth of the larva collection bottle. The electric chemical dosing device includes a cavity, inside which a piston is arranged. One side of the piston is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod; the cavity on the other side of the piston is a chemical dosing chamber, and an outlet is arranged on the side of the cavity away from the electric telescopic rod. The inside of the chemical dosing chamber is filled with Lugol's solution or formaldehyde solution; the electric telescopic rod is electrically connected to the quantitative control component.

[0010] After the larva collection bottle collects the enriched larvae, the electric chemical dosing device automatically adds the chemical solution into the larva collection bottle, reducing the loss of larvae during the transfer to the laboratory and improving the accuracy of larva detection.

[0011] Further, a one-way valve is arranged at the outlet. The one-way valve can effectively prevent the chemical solution in the chemical dosing chamber from being contaminated during transportation.

[0012] Further, a coarse filter screen is also arranged at the input end of the water pump, and the mesh size of the coarse filter screen is 4*8 mm. The arrangement of the coarse filter screen prevents the water pump from sucking up large impurities in the water body, which affects the filtering effect of the larva enrichment funnel.

[0013] Further, a funnel anti-blocking component is also arranged on the side wall of the transfer cup. The funnel anti-blocking component includes an annular track module and a water spraying water pump arranged outside the transfer cup; a plurality of connecting rods are evenly spaced on the annular moving block of the annular track module, and the tops of the plurality of connecting rods are all rotatably connected to a water spraying pipe through electric rotating shafts. The water spraying pipe is located inside the transfer cup, and a plurality of water spraying holes are opened on the side wall of the water spraying pipe. The water spraying pipe is connected to the output end of the water spraying water pump through a pipeline. The input ends of the annular track module, the electric rotating shafts and the water spraying water pump are all connected to the quantitative control component.

[0014] The funnel anti-blocking component prevents the enriched larvae from blocking the filtering holes, reducing the filtering efficiency, and preventing water from overflowing from the upper end of the funnel, which affects the detection accuracy.

[0015] Further, the funnel anti-blocking component also includes a first flow sensor and a second flow sensor respectively electrically connected to the quantitative control component. The first flow sensor is located at the output end of the water pump, and the second flow sensor is located at the water outlet of the transfer cup.

[0016] The settings of the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor enable the funnel anti-blocking assembly to work automatically, improving the larva enrichment efficiency, that is, improving the efficiency of sample collection.

[0017] A method for using a freshwater mussel larva collection device includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: Place the input end of the water pump at the required extraction depth and water area.

[0019] S2: The water pump works to extract water samples into the larva enrichment funnel.

[0020] S3: The water filtered by the larva enrichment funnel flows through the transfer cup into the quantitative water tank and contacts the water level sensor.

[0021] S4: The single-chip microcomputer receives the signal from the water level sensor, controls the water pump to shut down, and at the same time controls the opening of the electric valve.

[0022] S5: After the water sweeps the water on the larva enrichment funnel into the larva collection bottle, the electric telescopic rod extends, pushing the liquid medicine in the medicine adding chamber to fall into the larva collection bottle, and sending the sample containing the larvae to the laboratory for testing.

[0023] Further, it also includes: S41: The first flow sensor senses the flow rate Q1 of the water extracted by the water pump, and the second sensor senses the flow rate Q2 flowing out of the transfer cup. When Q1 > 1.2Q2, control the electric rotating shaft to rotate, make the spray pipe parallel to the generatrix of the larva enrichment funnel, and the spray water pump works to extract the water in the quantitative water tank and spray water on the filter holes from the outside of the funnel. While the spray pipe sprays water, the annular movable block rotates periodically until Q1 ≤ 1.2Q2.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] The present invention extracts the water in the specified water area and at the specified depth in the reservoir through the water pump, collects the larvae in a certain amount of water extracted through the larva enrichment funnel. After the larvae are enriched by the larva enrichment funnel, the detection volume can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the detection difficulty. The enriched larvae are collected and stored in the larva collection bottle, which is convenient for transferring the sample to the laboratory. The entire collection process is automated, and the collected samples have a unified specification, which can reasonably calibrate the larva content in the reservoir water body, so as to accurately detect the larva data in the reservoir water body and help the reservoir facilities to prevent and control the freshwater mussel. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged schematic diagram at A in

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of an electric chemical dosing device;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a larva enrichment funnel.

[0030] Among them, 1 is a water pump; 2 is a transfer cup; 3 is a larva enrichment funnel; 31 are filter holes; 4 is a collection pipe; 5 is a larva collection bottle; 6 is an electric valve; 7 is a quantitative water tank; 8 is a water level sensor; 9 is an electric chemical dosing device; 91 is a cavity; 92 is a piston; 93 is an electric telescopic rod; 94 is a liquid outlet; 95 is a chemical dosing chamber; 10 is a coarse filter screen; 111 is an annular track module; 112 is an annular movable block; 113 is a connecting rod; 114 is an electric rotating shaft; 115 is a water spraying pipe; 116 is a water spraying water pump; 12 is a first flow sensor; 13 is a second flow sensor. Specific embodiments

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below to facilitate those skilled in the art of the present technology to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art of the present technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0032] As Figures 1-4 shown, a freshwater mussel larva collection device and its usage method include a water pump 1, and a coarse filter screen 10 is arranged at the input end of the water pump 1. The mesh size of the coarse filter screen 10 is 4*8 mm. The output end of the water pump 1 is connected to a transfer cup 2 through a water delivery pipe. A larva enrichment funnel 3 is arranged inside the transfer cup 2. The quantitative control component includes a quantitative water tank 7, and a water level sensor 8 is arranged inside the quantitative water tank 7. The water level sensor 8 is electrically connected to a single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the water pump 1 and the electric valve 6. The bottom end of the transfer cup 2 is connected to the quantitative water tank 7 through a pipeline; filter holes 31 for filtering larvae are arranged on the side wall of the larva enrichment funnel 3; the aperture of the filter holes 31 is 0.064 mm.

[0033] A collection pipe 4 is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the larva enrichment funnel 3. The bottom end of the collection pipe 4 passes through the transfer cup 2, and the bottom end of the collection pipe 4 is connected to a larva collection bottle 5. An electric valve 6 is arranged at the top end of the collection pipe 4. The quantitative control component is electrically connected to the water pump 1 and the electric valve 6 respectively. The larva collection bottle 5 is a polyethylene bottle. The polyethylene bottle is not easily damaged and has stable properties, and will not be damaged by the liquid medicine used to preserve larvae.

[0034] A funnel anti-blocking assembly is also provided on the side wall of the transfer cup 2. The funnel anti-blocking assembly includes an annular track module 111 and a water spraying water pump 116 provided outside the transfer cup 2; a plurality of connecting rods 113 are evenly spaced on the annular moving block 112 of the annular track module 111. The tops of the plurality of connecting rods 113 are all rotatably connected to a water spraying pipe 115 through an electric rotating shaft 114. The water spraying pipe 115 is located inside the transfer cup 2. A plurality of water spraying holes are opened on the side wall of the water spraying pipe 115. The water spraying pipe 115 is connected to the output end of the water spraying water pump 116 through a pipeline. The input ends of the annular track module 111, the electric rotating shaft 114 and the water spraying water pump 116 are all connected to the quantitative control assembly. The funnel anti-blocking assembly further includes a first flow sensor 12 and a second flow sensor 13 respectively electrically connected to the quantitative control assembly. The first flow sensor 12 is located at the output end of the water pump 1, and the second flow sensor 13 is located at the water outlet of the transfer cup 2.

[0035] An electric medicine adding device 9 is also provided at the bottle mouth of the larva collection bottle 5. The electric medicine adding device 9 includes a cavity 91. The cavity 91 is installed at the bottle mouth through a bracket, and the liquid outlet 94 of the cavity 91 is located inside the larva collection bottle 5 to prevent the liquid medicine from leaking out. A piston 92 is arranged in the cavity 91. One side of the piston 92 is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod 93; the other side of the piston 92 in the cavity 91 is a medicine adding chamber 95. A liquid outlet 94 is arranged on the side of the cavity 91 away from the electric telescopic rod 93, and a one-way valve is arranged at the liquid outlet 94. Lugol's solution for preserving larvae is filled in the medicine adding chamber 95; the electric telescopic rod 93 is electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer uses an 80C51 single-chip microcomputer.

[0036] A method for using a freshwater mussel larva collection device includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Place the input end of the water pump 1 at the required depth and water area to be pumped;

[0038] S2: The water pump 1 works to pump the water sample into the larva enrichment funnel 3; at this time, the electric valve 6 is in a closed state, and the pumped water falls into the transfer cup 2 through the filter holes 31, and the freshwater mussel larvae in the water are filtered and retained in the larva enrichment funnel 3;

[0039] S3: The water filtered by the larva enrichment funnel 3 flows through the transfer cup 2 into the quantitative water tank 7 and contacts the water level sensor 8;

[0040] S4: The single-chip microcomputer receives the signal of the water level sensor 8, controls the water pump 1 to close, and at the same time controls the electric valve 6 to open;

[0041] S41: The first flow sensor 12 senses the flow rate Q1 pumped by the water pump 1, and the second sensor 13 senses the flow rate Q2 flowing out of the transfer cup 2. When Q1 > 1.2Q2, the electric rotating shaft 114 is controlled to rotate, and the water spraying pipe 115 is parallel to the generatrix of the larva enrichment funnel 3. The water spraying water pump 116 works to pump the water in the quantitative water tank 7 and spray water on the filtering holes from the outside of the larva enrichment funnel 3. While the water spraying pipe 115 sprays water, the annular movable block 112 rotates periodically until Q1 ≤ 1.2Q2.

[0042] S5: The remaining water in the pipeline continues to flow to the larva enrichment funnel 3, washing the larvae on the funnel wall to the bottom of the larva enrichment funnel 3 and finally flowing into the larva collection bottle 5. After the water carrying the larvae flows into the larva collection bottle 5, first control the electric valve 6 to close to prevent the samples collected in the larva collection bottle 5 from overflowing. After the water carrying the larvae on the larva enrichment funnel 3 flows into the larva collection bottle, the electric telescopic rod extends to push the liquid medicine in the medicine adding chamber to fall into the larva collection bottle, cover the larva collection bottle 5, complete the sampling, and send the sample carrying the larvae to the laboratory for testing after preservation.

Claims

1. A mussel larva collection device, characterized in that, It includes a water pump (1). The output end of the water pump (1) is connected to a transfer cup (2) through a water delivery pipe. A larva enrichment funnel (3) is arranged inside the transfer cup (2), and the bottom end of the transfer cup (2) is connected to a quantitative control component through a pipe; Filter holes (31) for filtering larvae are arranged on the side wall of the larva enrichment funnel (3); A collecting pipe (4) is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the larva enrichment funnel (3). The bottom end of the collecting pipe (4) penetrates out of the transfer cup (2), and the bottom end of the collecting pipe (4) is connected to a larva collecting bottle (5). An electric valve (6) is arranged at the top end of the collecting pipe (4). The quantitative control component is electrically connected to the water pump (1) and the electric valve (6) respectively; The quantitative control component includes a quantitative water tank (7). A water level sensor (8) is arranged inside the quantitative water tank (7). The water level sensor (8) is electrically connected to a single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the water pump (1) and the electric valve (6); A funnel anti-blocking component is further arranged on the side wall of the transfer cup (2). The funnel anti-blocking component includes an annular track module (111) and a water spraying water pump (116) arranged outside the transfer cup (2); A plurality of connecting rods (113) are evenly arranged at intervals on the annular moving block (112) of the annular track module (111). The top ends of the plurality of connecting rods (113) are all rotatably connected to a water spraying pipe (115) through an electric rotating shaft (114). The water spraying pipe (115) is located inside the transfer cup (2). A plurality of water spraying holes are formed in the side wall of the water spraying pipe (115). The water spraying pipe (115) is connected to the output end of the water spraying water pump (116) through a pipe. The input ends of the annular track module (111), the electric rotating shaft (114) and the water spraying water pump (116) are all connected to the quantitative control component.

2. The freshwater mussel larva collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the filter hole (31) is 0.064 mm.

3. The freshwater mussel larva collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electric medicine adding device (9) is further arranged at the bottle mouth of the larva collecting bottle (5). The electric medicine adding device (9) includes a cavity (91). A piston (92) is arranged inside the cavity (91). One side of the piston (92) is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod (93); The cavity (91) on the other side of the piston (92) is a medicine adding chamber (95). A liquid outlet (94) is arranged on one side of the cavity (91) far away from the electric telescopic rod (93). Lugol's solution or formaldehyde solution is filled inside the medicine adding chamber (95); The electric telescopic rod (93) is electrically connected to the quantitative control component.

4. The freshwater mussel larva collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A one-way valve is arranged at the liquid outlet (94).

5. The freshwater mussel larva collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A coarse filter screen (10) is further arranged at the input end of the water pump (1). The mesh size of the coarse filter screen (10) is 4*8 mm.

6. The freshwater mussel larva collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The funnel anti-blocking component further includes a first flow sensor (12) and a second flow sensor (13) respectively electrically connected to the quantitative control component. The first flow sensor (12) is located at the output end of the water pump (1), and the second flow sensor (13) is located at the water outlet of the transfer cup (2).

7. The method of using the freshwater mussel larva collection device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Place the input end of the water pump (1) at the required depth and in the water area to be pumped; S2: The water pump (1) works to pump water samples into the larva enrichment funnel (3); S3: The water filtered by the larva enrichment funnel (3) flows through the transfer cup (2) into the quantitative water tank (7) and contacts the water level sensor (8); S4: The single-chip microcomputer receives the signal from the water level sensor (8), controls the water pump (1) to shut down, and at the same time controls the electric valve (6) to open; S5: After the water sweeps the water on the larva enrichment funnel (3) and flows into the larva collection bottle (5), the electric telescopic rod (93) extends, pushing the liquid medicine in the medicine adding chamber (95) to fall into the larva collection bottle (5), and the sample containing the larvae is sent to the laboratory for testing after being preserved.

8. The method for using the mussel larva collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes: S41: The first flow sensor 12 senses the flow rate Q1 pumped by the water pump 1, and the second sensor (13) senses the flow rate Q2 flowing out of the transfer cup (2). When Q1 > 1.2Q2, the electric rotating shaft (114) is controlled to rotate, and the water spray pipe (115) is parallel to the generatrix of the larva enrichment funnel (3). The water spray pump (116) works to pump the water in the quantitative water tank (7) to spray water on the filter holes (31) from the outside of the larva enrichment funnel (3). While the water spray pipe (115) sprays water, the annular movable block (112) rotates periodically until Q1 ≤ 1.2Q2.

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