An air duct assembly, a three-dimensional printing head and a three-dimensional printer

Abstract

The application relates to the field of three-dimensional printing technology, and discloses a wind channel assembly, a three-dimensional printing head and a three-dimensional printer, wherein the wind channel assembly comprises a first wind channel and a second wind channel; the first wind channel comprises a first air vent, a first air guide channel, a heat dissipation cavity and a second air vent; the first end of the first air guide channel is communicated with the first air vent; the second end of the first air guide channel is communicated with the heat dissipation cavity; the second air vent is communicated with the heat dissipation cavity; the first wind channel is used for allowing a first airflow to flow therethrough so as to cool a throat pipe of the three-dimensional printing head; the second wind channel comprises a third air vent, a containing cavity, a second air guide channel and a fourth air vent; the third air vent is communicated with the containing cavity; the second air guide channel is communicated with the containing cavity and the fourth air vent; the second wind channel is used for allowing a second airflow to flow therethrough so as to cool a printing model of the three-dimensional printing head. In the above manner, the embodiment of the application can solve the problem that the printing model is deformed due to untimely cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and in particular to an air duct assembly, a 3D print head, and a 3D printer. Background Technology

[0002] A 3D printer, also known as a three-dimensional printer, works by melting liquid photosensitive resin, molten plastic filaments, plaster powder, and other printing materials, then extruding them through a print head, layer by layer, to form a three-dimensional solid. A current print head consists of a nozzle assembly, an air duct assembly, and a fan. The fan forces airflow through the air duct assembly to dissipate heat from the nozzle assembly's throat, preventing the printing material inside the nozzle assembly from becoming too hot, resulting in low viscosity and insufficient rigidity, thus hindering proper printing.

[0003] Current printheads only have an air duct assembly to cool the printing material inside the printhead assembly. The printing material ejected from the printhead assembly, i.e., the printed model, cools and solidifies only through heat exchange with the external environment. If the printed model is not cooled in time, it is prone to deformation. Therefore, developing an air duct assembly that can cool both the printhead assembly and the printed model is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide an air duct assembly, a 3D print head, and a 3D printer, which overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a duct assembly for use in a 3D printing head, characterized in that it includes a first duct and a second duct. The first duct includes a first vent, a first air guide channel, a heat dissipation cavity, and a second vent. A first end of the first air guide channel is connected to the first vent, and a second end of the first air guide channel is connected to the heat dissipation cavity. The second vent is connected to the heat dissipation cavity. The first duct is used to allow a first airflow to pass through in order to cool the throat of the 3D printing head. The second duct includes a third vent, a receiving cavity, a second air guide channel, and a fourth vent. The third vent is connected to the receiving cavity, a first end of the second air guide channel is connected to the receiving cavity, and a second end of the second air guide channel is connected to the fourth vent. The second duct is used to allow a second airflow to pass through in order to cool the printed model of the 3D printing head.

[0006] Optionally, the air duct assembly comprises a wind guide and a mounting seat, one end of the wind guide is provided with the first air vent, the other end of the wind guide is provided with a first connecting port, the wind guide is further provided with the accommodating cavity, a third air vent, a second wind guide channel and a fourth air vent, the mounting seat is connected with the wind guide, the mounting seat is provided with a second connecting port, the second air vent, a first opening and the heat dissipation cavity, the second connecting port, the second air vent and the first opening are all communicated with the heat dissipation cavity, the second connecting port is communicated with the first connecting port, the heat dissipation cavity is used for accommodating the throat pipe of the three-dimensional printing head, and the first opening is used for allowing the nozzle of the three-dimensional printing head to extend out of the mounting seat.

[0007] Optionally, the wind guide is further provided with a mounting port, the mounting port is communicated with the accommodating cavity, and the air duct assembly further comprises a second fan mounting seat, the second fan mounting seat is provided with a fan air inlet, a mounting cavity and a fan air outlet, the second fan mounting seat is inserted into the accommodating cavity through the mounting port, the second fan mounting seat seals the mounting port, the fan air inlet faces the accommodating cavity, the second fan is arranged in the mounting cavity, the fan air inlet is communicated with the accommodating cavity, and the fan air outlet is communicated with the first end of the second wind guide channel.

[0008] Optionally, along the direction from the first end of the first wind guide channel to the second end of the first wind guide channel, the cross-sectional area of the first wind guide channel first decreases and then increases.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts another technical scheme: providing a three-dimensional printing head, comprising a shell, the above-mentioned air duct assembly, a nozzle assembly, a first fan and a second fan, the shell is provided with a receiving cavity, a fifth air vent, a sixth air vent, a seventh air vent and a second opening, the fifth air vent, the sixth air vent, the seventh air vent and the second opening are all communicated with the receiving cavity; the air duct assembly is arranged in the receiving cavity, the first air vent is communicated with the fifth air vent, the second air vent is communicated with the sixth air vent, the third air vent is communicated with the seventh air vent, and the fourth air vent is communicated with the second opening; the nozzle assembly comprises a throat pipe and a nozzle, the nozzle is connected with one end of the throat pipe, the throat pipe is arranged in the heat dissipation cavity, and the nozzle extends out of the shell through the second opening; the first fan is arranged in the shell, and the first fan is used for forcing the first air flow to flow through the first air vent, the first wind guide channel, the heat dissipation cavity and the second air vent, so as to cool the throat pipe of the three-dimensional printing head; the second fan is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the second fan is used for forcing the second air flow to flow through the third air vent, the accommodating cavity and the fourth air vent, so as to cool the printing model of the three-dimensional printing head.

[0010] Optionally, the number of the air duct assembly, the second air fan, the fifth air vent and the seventh air vent is two, wherein the two air duct assemblies are mirror image arranged along the middle axis of the shell, the two first air vents are oppositely directed, the two fifth air vents are oppositely arranged, one first air vent is directed to one fifth air vent, the two second air vents are both directed to the sixth air vent, the two seventh air vents are arranged side by side, the two seventh air vents are directed to the sixth air vent, the first air fan is arranged at the sixth air vent, one second air fan is arranged at one accommodating cavity, and one third air vent is directed to one seventh air vent.

[0011] Optionally, the number of the air duct assembly, the second air fan and the seventh air vent is two, wherein the two air duct assemblies are mirror image arranged along the middle axis of the shell, the two first air vents are oppositely directed, the two second air vents are oppositely and communicatively connected, the fifth air vent and the sixth air vent are oppositely arranged, one first air vent is directed to the fifth air vent, and the other first air vent is directed to the sixth air vent, the first air fan is arranged at the fifth air vent or the sixth air vent, one second air fan is arranged at one accommodating cavity, and one third air vent is directed to one seventh air vent.

[0012] Optionally, the middle axis of the second air guide channel intersects with the middle axis of the nozzle of the three-dimensional printing head at the printing area of the three-dimensional printing head.

[0013] Optionally, at a distance of 1mm-4mm from the nozzle of the three-dimensional printing head in the printing area, the flow rate w of the second air flow ranges from 0.5CFM w<1CFM.

[0014] To solve the above technical problems, the application adopts another technical scheme, which provides a three-dimensional printer comprising the three-dimensional printing head.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the present application are: different from the prior art, the air duct assembly provided by the embodiment comprises a first air duct and a second air duct, the first air duct comprises a first air vent, a first air guide channel, a heat dissipation cavity and a second air vent, a first end of the first air guide channel is in communication with the first air vent, a second end of the first air guide channel is in communication with the heat dissipation cavity, the second air vent is in communication with the heat dissipation cavity, and the first air duct is used for allowing a first airflow to flow therethrough to cool the throat pipe of the three-dimensional printing head; the second air duct comprises a third air vent, a containing cavity, a second air guide channel and a fourth air vent, the third air vent is in communication with the containing cavity, a first end of the second air guide channel is in communication with the containing cavity, and a second end of the second air guide channel is in communication with the fourth air vent, and the second air duct is used for allowing a second airflow to flow therethrough to cool the printing model of the three-dimensional printing head. In this way, the air duct assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application can be used to cool the throat pipe and the printing model of the nozzle assembly at the same time, and the problem of deformation of the printing model due to delayed cooling is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of the drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of a three-dimensional printing head provided by the embodiment one of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an exploded view of the three-dimensional printing head shown in the figure;

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 1 an exploded view of the shell of the three-dimensional printing head shown in the figure;

[0020] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of an air duct assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 is Figure 4 an exploded view of the air duct assembly shown in the figure;

[0022] Figure 6 is Figure 4 a sectional view of the air guide member of the air duct assembly shown in the figure;

[0023] Figure 7 is Figure 4 another exploded view of the air duct assembly shown in the figure;

[0024] Figure 8 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional printing head;

[0025] Figure 9 is Figure 1 a schematic view of a first fan mounting seat and a side cover plate of a three-dimensional printing head;

[0026] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional printing head provided by the second embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or one or more intervening elements can be present therebetween. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or one or more intervening elements can be present therebetween. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", and similar expressions used in the present specification are for illustrative purposes only.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in the description of the application herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] Embodiment One:

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and the drawings, the three-dimensional printing head 1000 includes a housing 1, an air duct assembly 2, a nozzle assembly 3, a first fan 4 and a second fan 5. The air duct assembly 2, the nozzle assembly 3, the first fan 4 and the second fan 5 are all arranged in the housing 1, the air duct assembly 2 is used to guide the flow direction of the airflow, the nozzle assembly 3 is used to spray the printing material in a molten state, and the first fan 4 and the second fan 5 are respectively used to generate a first airflow and a second airflow to respectively cool the throat pipe 31 of the nozzle assembly 3 and the three-dimensional printing model.

[0031] For the above-mentioned housing 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3The shell 1 is provided with a receiving cavity 115, a fifth vent g, a sixth vent h, a seventh vent i and a second opening 131, the fifth vent g, the sixth vent h, the seventh vent i and the second opening 131 all communicate with the receiving cavity 115, the fifth vent g, the sixth vent h, the seventh vent i and the second opening 131 are used for gas exchange between the receiving cavity 115 and the outside world, and the second opening 131 can be used for the spray head 32 to extend out of the shell 1.

[0032] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the embodiment, the shell 1 includes a main shell 11, a top cover plate 12, a bottom cover plate 13 and a side cover plate 14, the main shell 11 includes a front wall 111, a rear wall 112, a first side wall 113 and a second side wall 114. The first side wall 113 and the second side wall 114 are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the rear wall 112, the two sides of the front wall 111 are respectively connected to the sides of the first side wall 113 and the second side wall 114 away from the rear wall 112, the front wall 111, the rear wall 112, the first side wall 113 and the second side wall 114 jointly enclose a cavity with both ends open, the number of the fifth vents g is two, the two fifth vents g are oppositely arranged on the first side wall 113 and the second side wall 114 respectively, the front wall 111 is provided with a maintenance window 111a, and the maintenance window 111a communicates with the receiving cavity 115. The top cover plate 12 and the bottom cover plate 13 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the cavity, the second opening 131 is arranged on the bottom cover plate 13, and the opposite surfaces of the top cover plate 12 and the bottom cover plate 13 are respectively provided with a first rotating shaft 121 and a second rotating shaft 132. The same side of the side cover plate 14 is provided with a first shaft hole 141 and a second shaft hole 142 at two opposite end surfaces, the first rotating shaft 121 and the second rotating shaft 132 are respectively inserted into the first shaft hole 141 and the second shaft hole 142, the axes of the first rotating shaft 121 and the second rotating shaft 132 coincide, the side cover plate 14 can be arranged on the maintenance window 111a by rotating around the axis of the first rotating shaft 121, the sixth vent h and the seventh vent i are arranged on the side cover plate 14, the number of the seventh vent i is two, the two seventh vents i are located on the two sides of the sixth vent h, and when the side cover plate 14 is arranged on the maintenance window 111a, the sixth vent h and the seventh vent i communicate with the receiving cavity 115.

[0033] For the above-mentioned air duct assembly 2, please refer to Figures 4-7, the air duct assembly 2 is provided with a first air duct and a second air duct, the first air duct comprises a first air vent a, a first air guide channel b, a heat dissipation cavity 226 and a second air vent c, a first end of the first air guide channel b is communicated with the first air vent a, a second end of the first air guide channel b is communicated with the heat dissipation cavity 226, the second air vent c is communicated with the heat dissipation cavity 226, the heat dissipation cavity 226 is used for accommodating a throat pipe 31 of a three-dimensional printing head 1000, the first air vent a and the second air vent c are used for passing a first airflow to take away heat in the heat dissipation cavity 226, thereby cooling the throat pipe 31 of the three-dimensional printing head 1000. The second air duct comprises a third air vent d, an accommodating cavity 211a, a second air guide channel e and a fourth air vent f, the third air vent d is communicated with the accommodating cavity 211a, a first end of the second air guide channel e is communicated with the accommodating cavity 211a, a second end of the second air guide channel e is communicated with the fourth air vent f, the accommodating cavity 211a is used for accommodating a fan, the third air vent d and the fourth air vent f are used for communicating the accommodating cavity 211a with the outside, and the second air guide channel e is used for guiding a flow direction of a second airflow, so that the second airflow flows to a printing area of the three-dimensional printing head 1000 through the fourth air vent f, to cool a printing model of the three-dimensional printing head 1000.

[0034] In the present embodiment, please continue to refer to Figures 4-7, specifically, the air duct assembly 2 includes a guide air member 21 and a mounting seat 22. The guide air member 21 includes a main body 211 and a second fan mounting seat 212. The main body 211 is provided with a first air vent a, a first air guide channel b, a first connecting port b1, a containing cavity 211a, a third air vent d, a third connecting port e1, a second air guide channel e, a fourth air vent f and a mounting port 211b. The first air vent a is arranged at a first end of the main body 211. The first connecting port b1 is arranged at a second end of the main body 211. The first air vent a is in communication with a first end of the first air guide channel b. The first connecting port b1 is in communication with a second end of the first air guide channel b. The first air guide channel b extends from the first end of the main body 211 to the second end of the main body 211. The third air vent d and the mounting port 211b are arranged on two adjacent sides of the main body 211 respectively. The fourth air vent f is arranged at an end of the main body 211 away from the first air guide channel b. The third connecting port e1 is arranged on an inner wall of the main body 211 facing the containing cavity 211a. The third connecting port e1 is in communication with the first end of the second air guide channel e and the containing cavity 211a. A second end of the second air guide channel e is in communication with the fourth air vent f. The second air guide channel e is used for guiding the second air flow. After the second air flow flows through the second air guide channel e, the second air flow can be blown to the printing area of the three-dimensional printing model through the fourth air vent f, so as to cool the printing model of the three-dimensional printing head 1000. The second fan mounting seat 212 is provided with a fan air inlet 212a, a mounting cavity 212b and a fan air outlet 212c. The fan air inlet 212a and the fan air outlet 212c are both in communication with the mounting cavity 212b. The mounting cavity 212b is used for containing a fan and other air source equipment of the three-dimensional printing head 1000. One end of the second fan mounting seat 22 provided with the fan air inlet 212a is inserted into the mounting port 211b. The outer wall of one end of the second fan mounting seat 212 provided with the fan air inlet 212a is attached to the inner wall of the containing cavity 211a. The second fan mounting seat 212 seals the mounting port 211b. The fan air inlet 212a faces the containing cavity 211a and is in communication with the containing cavity 211a. The surface of the second fan mounting seat 212 provided with the fan air outlet 212c abuts against the inner wall of the main body 211 provided with the third connecting port e1. The fan air outlet 212c is in communication with the third connecting port e1, so that the mounting cavity 212b is in communication with the second air guide channel e.

[0035] In this embodiment, please refer to 4、 Figure 5 and Figure 7The mounting seat 22 comprises a back plate 221, a bottom plate 222, a left surrounding plate 223, a right surrounding plate 224 and a top plate 225. One end of the back plate 221 is connected with the bottom plate 222, and the back plate 221 is perpendicular to the bottom plate 222. The left surrounding plate 223 and the right surrounding plate 224 are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the two sides of the back plate 221 and the bottom plate 222. The top plate 225 is arranged on the end of the back plate 221, the left surrounding plate 223 and the right surrounding plate 224 away from the bottom plate 222. The back plate 221, the bottom plate 222, the left surrounding plate 223, the right surrounding plate 224 and the top plate 225 jointly enclose a heat dissipation cavity 226. The left surrounding plate 223 is provided with a second connecting port b2, and the bottom plate 222 is provided with a first opening 222a. The end of the left surrounding plate 223, the right surrounding plate 224 and the bottom plate 222 away from the back plate 221 jointly enclose a second ventilation port c. The second end of the main body 211 is inserted into the second connecting port b2 of the left surrounding plate 223, so that the first connecting port b1 and the second connecting port b2 are communicated.

[0036] In the present embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9The three-dimensional printing head 1000 comprises two air duct assemblies 2 which are mirror-imaged along the central axis Z1 of the shell 1. The two first air vents a are respectively directed to the two fifth air vents g, the two second air vents c are both directed to the sixth air vent h, and the two first openings 222a are both directed to the second opening 131. The three-dimensional printing head 1000 further comprises a first fan mounting seat 6 which is provided with a mounting groove 61, a strip-shaped first clamping groove 62 and a strip-shaped second clamping groove 63. The groove bottom of the mounting groove 61 is provided with a fourth connecting port h1, the groove bottoms of the first clamping groove 62 and the second clamping groove 63 are respectively provided with a first bolt hole and a second bolt hole, the side cover plate 14 is correspondingly provided with a first protruding strip 143 and a second protruding strip 144, and the first protruding strip 143 and the second protruding strip 144 are respectively provided with a first threaded hole and a second threaded hole. The three-dimensional printing head 1000 further comprises a first bolt and a second bolt. The first protruding strip 143 is clamped in the first clamping groove 62, the first bolt is screwed into the first threaded hole after passing through the first bolt hole, the second protruding strip 144 is clamped in the second clamping groove 63, and the second bolt is screwed into the second threaded hole after passing through the second bolt hole. In this way, the first fan mounting seat 22 is fixed to the side cover plate 14. At this time, the groove opening of the mounting groove 61 is aligned with the sixth air vent h, and the first fan 4 is arranged in the mounting groove 61. The first protruding strip 143 and the second protruding strip 144 function as reinforcing ribs to improve the structural strength of the side cover plate 14. At the same time, the first protruding strip 143 cooperates with the first clamping groove 62, and the second protruding strip 144 cooperates with the second clamping groove 63, so that the first fan mounting seat 6 is more firmly fixed to the side cover plate 14, thereby avoiding loosening of the first fan mounting seat 6 caused by vibration of the first fan 4 during operation. The number of the second fans 5 is two, and the two second fans 5 are respectively arranged in the mounting cavities 212b of the two air duct assemblies 2.

[0037] For the above-mentioned nozzle assembly 3, in the present embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 8 . The nozzle assembly 3 comprises a throat pipe 31 and a nozzle 32. The number of the nozzle assembly 3 is two. The throat pipes 31 of the two nozzle assemblies 3 are respectively arranged in the two heat dissipation cavities 226. The two ends of one throat pipe 31 are respectively fixed to one bottom plate 222 and one top plate 225. One nozzle 32 extends out of the heat dissipation cavity 226 after passing through one first opening 222a. The two nozzles 32 both extend out of the shell 1 through the second opening 131.

[0038] In the present embodiment, when the first fan 4 is working, the first fan 4 sucks air from the outside into the accommodating cavity 115 through the sixth vent h, and the air flows to the first air duct through the fourth connecting port h1. Two first air flows are formed in the first air duct of the two air duct assemblies 2 respectively. The first air flows flow through the second vent c, the heat dissipation cavity 226, the second connecting port b2, the first connecting port b1, the first air guide channel b and the first vent a in the first air duct in turn. After the first air flows pass through the heat dissipation cavity 226, the heat generated by the throat pipe 31 in the heat dissipation cavity 226 is blown to the fifth vent g together with the first air flows through the first vent a, and finally, the air is discharged out of the shell 1 through the fifth vent g. Figure 8 The dotted line with an arrow as a schematic of the flow path of the first air flow from the heat dissipation cavity 226 to the fifth vent g. When the second fan 5 is working, the second fan 5 sucks air into the accommodating cavity 115 through the seventh vent i, and the air enters the second air duct through the third vent d. The second air flow is formed in the second air duct. The second air flow flows through the third vent d, the accommodating cavity 211a, the fan air inlet 212a, the mounting cavity 212b, the fan air outlet 212c, the third connecting port e1, the second air guide channel e and the fourth vent f in the second air duct in turn. After the second air flow changes the flow direction through the second air guide channel e in the second air duct, the air is blown to the three-dimensional printing model through the fourth vent f.

[0039] Further, please refer to Figure 6 In order to reduce the resistance of the air in the heat dissipation cavity 226 entering the first connecting port b1, the cross section of the first air guide channel b is set to have a larger area near one end of the first connecting port b1. In order to guide the first air flow to flow to the first vent a better, the cross section area of the part of the first air guide channel b near the first connecting port b1 gradually decreases in the direction of the first vent a along the first connecting port b1. The first air guide channel b forms a structure similar to a Venturi tube. As the cross section area of the first air guide channel b decreases, the flow rate of the first air flow increases. The first air flow with a larger flow rate forms a negative pressure in the area Q where the cross section area of the first air guide channel b is smaller. In this way, the first air flow in the heat dissipation cavity 226 is sucked to the area where the negative pressure is formed, and finally, the air is discharged through the first vent a.

[0040] Further, in order to avoid the flow rate of the first air flow at the first vent a being too large to cause a larger noise, the cross section area of the part of the first air guide channel b near the first vent a gradually increases.

[0041] In order to avoid the part of the second air flow with the maximum central wind speed directly blowing to the nozzle 32, so that the printing material which has not been sprayed out of the nozzle 32 is cooled too fast, and the nozzle 32 is blocked, in the present embodiment, please refer to Figure 8, the middle axis Z2 of the second air channel e intersects with the middle axis Z3 of the nozzle 32 at the printing area of the three-dimensional printing head 1000. Further, in order to ensure that the printing area in front of the nozzle 32 has a large enough wind speed to meet the cooling effect, while avoiding that the printing material in the nozzle 32 is cooled too fast by too large wind speed, the flow rate w of the second air flow is in the range of: 0.5 CFM w<1 CFM.

[0042] In order to prevent the wind blown by the fourth vent f from dispersing and to have a larger coverage, in the present embodiment, the cross section of the fourth vent f is rectangular, wherein the long side of the rectangle is perpendicular to the middle axis Z3 of the nozzle 32. It can be understood that the shape of the cross section of the fourth vent f can also be other long strip shapes.

[0043] Embodiment two:

[0044] Please refer to Figure 10 The three-dimensional printing head 1000' of the present embodiment is different from the three-dimensional printing head 1000 of embodiment one in that the first fan 4 is not arranged at the side of the sixth vent h away from the heat dissipation cavity 226, the three-dimensional printing head 1000' no longer includes the first fan mounting seat 6 in embodiment one, the number of the fifth vent g is one, the fifth vent g and the sixth vent h' are oppositely arranged at the first side wall 113 and the second side wall 114, the two second vents c' are respectively arranged at the right walls 224 of the two mounting seats 22, the two second vents c are opposite and connected, the first fan 4 is arranged at the fifth vent g, and the other structures of the three-dimensional printing head 1000' of the present embodiment are the same as those of embodiment one.

[0045] In the present embodiment, when the first fan 4 works, the first fan 4 sucks gas from outside into the containing cavity 115 through the fifth vent g, and the gas enters the first air duct through the first vent a. In the air duct assembly 2 close to the fifth vent g, the first air flow sequentially flows through: the first vent a, the first air channel b, the first connecting port b1, the second connecting port b2 and the heat dissipation cavity 226. Then, the first air flow enters the heat dissipation cavity 226 of the air duct assembly 2 close to the sixth vent h' through the two second vents c which are connected to each other. Next, the first air flow sequentially flows through: the second connecting port b2 of the air duct assembly 2 close to the sixth vent h', the first connecting port b1, the first air channel b and the first vent a. Finally, the first air flow is discharged out of the shell 1 through the sixth vent h', Figure 10 The arrows with dashed lines are used as an illustration of the flow path of the first air flow. In the present embodiment, the two first vents a are no longer both air outlets, but the first vent a close to the fifth vent g is an air inlet, and the other first vent a is an air outlet.

[0046] It can be understood that in other embodiments, the first fan 4 can also be arranged at the sixth air vent h'.

[0047] It can also be understood that in other embodiments, the number of the first fan 4 can be two, and the two first fans 4 can be arranged at the fifth air vent g and the sixth air vent h' respectively, and the blowing directions of the two first fans 4 are consistent.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the present application are that the air duct assembly 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a first air duct and a second air duct, the first air duct comprises a first air vent a, a first air guide channel b, a heat dissipation cavity 226 and a second air vent c, a first end of the first air guide channel b is in communication with the first air vent a, a second end of the first air guide channel b is in communication with the heat dissipation cavity 226, and the second air vent c is in communication with the heat dissipation cavity 226, the first air duct is used for the first airflow to flow through, so as to cool the throat pipe 31 of the three-dimensional printing head 1000; the second air duct comprises a third air vent d, a containing cavity 211a, a second air guide channel e and a fourth air vent f, the third air vent d is in communication with the containing cavity 211a, a first end of the second air guide channel e is in communication with the containing cavity 211a, a second end of the second air guide channel e is in communication with the fourth air vent f, and the second air duct is used for the second airflow to flow through, so as to cool the printing model of the three-dimensional printing head 1000. In this way, the air duct assembly 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application can be used to cool the throat pipe 31 of the nozzle assembly 3 and the printing model at the same time, and the problem of deformation of the printing model due to delayed cooling is solved.

[0049] It should be noted that the specification and drawings of the present application provide the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application can be realized in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described in the specification, and these embodiments are not additional limitations on the content of the present application, and the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive. Furthermore, each of the above technical features continues to be combined, forming various embodiments not listed above, which are considered to be within the scope of the present application; further, for those skilled in the art, the above description can be improved or changed, and all these improvements and changes shall fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An air duct assembly applied to a 3D printing head, characterized in that, The wind channel assembly comprises a wind guide and a mounting base. One end of the wind guide is provided with the first air vent, and the other end of the wind guide is provided with a first connecting port. The wind guide is further provided with the accommodating cavity, the third air vent, the second wind channel, and the fourth air vent. The mounting base is connected with the wind guide. The mounting base is provided with a second connecting port, the second air vent, a first opening, and the heat dissipation cavity. The second connecting port, the second air vent, and the first opening are all in communication with the heat dissipation cavity. The second connecting port is in communication with the first connecting port. The heat dissipation cavity is used for accommodating the throat pipe of the three-dimensional printing head. The first opening is used for allowing the nozzle of the three-dimensional printing head to extend out of the mounting base. The wind guide is further provided with a mounting port. The mounting port is in communication with the accommodating cavity. The wind channel assembly further comprises a second fan mounting base. The second fan mounting base is provided with a fan air inlet, a mounting cavity, and a fan air outlet. The second fan mounting base is inserted into the accommodating cavity through the mounting port. The second fan mounting base seals the mounting port. The fan air inlet faces the accommodating cavity. The second fan is arranged in the mounting cavity. The fan air inlet is in communication with the accommodating cavity. The fan air outlet is in communication with the first end of the second wind channel. The cross-sectional area of the first wind channel first decreases and then increases along the direction from the first end of the first wind channel to the second end of the first wind channel. The wind channel assembly comprises a wind guide and a mounting base. One end of the wind guide is provided with the first air vent, and the other end of the wind guide is provided with a first connecting port. The wind guide is further provided with the accommodating cavity, the third air vent, the second wind channel, and the fourth air vent. The mounting base is connected with the wind guide. The mounting base is provided with a second connecting port, the second air vent, a first opening, and the heat dissipation cavity. The second connecting port, the second air vent, and the first opening are all in communication with the heat dissipation cavity. The second connecting port is in communication with the first connecting port. The heat dissipation cavity is used for accommodating the throat pipe of the three-dimensional printing head. The first opening is used for allowing the nozzle of the three-dimensional printing head to extend out of the mounting base.

2. The air duct assembly of claim 1, wherein, The wind guide is further provided with a mounting port. The mounting port is in communication with the accommodating cavity. The wind channel assembly further comprises a second fan mounting base. The second fan mounting base is provided with a fan air inlet, a mounting cavity, and a fan air outlet. The second fan mounting base is inserted into the accommodating cavity through the mounting port. The second fan mounting base seals the mounting port. The fan air inlet faces the accommodating cavity. The second fan is arranged in the mounting cavity. The fan air inlet is in communication with the accommodating cavity. The fan air outlet is in communication with the first end of the second wind channel.

3. The air duct assembly of claim 2, wherein, The cross-sectional area of the first wind channel first decreases and then increases along the direction from the first end of the first wind channel to the second end of the first wind channel.

4. The air duct assembly of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The wind channel assembly comprises a wind guide and a mounting base. One end of the wind guide is provided with the first air vent, and the other end of the wind guide is provided with a first connecting port. The wind guide is further provided with the accommodating cavity, the third air vent, the second wind channel, and the fourth air vent. The mounting base is connected with the wind guide. The mounting base is provided with a second connecting port, the second air vent, a first opening, and the heat dissipation cavity. The second connecting port, the second air vent, and the first opening are all in communication with the heat dissipation cavity. The second connecting port is in communication with the first connecting port. The heat dissipation cavity is used for accommodating the throat pipe of the three-dimensional printing head. The first opening is used for allowing the nozzle of the three-dimensional printing head to extend out of the mounting base.

5. A three-dimensional printing head, characterized by The wind guide is further provided with a mounting port. The mounting port is in communication with the accommodating cavity. The wind channel assembly further comprises a second fan mounting base. The second fan mounting base is provided with a fan air inlet, a mounting cavity, and a fan air outlet. The second fan mounting base is inserted into the accommodating cavity through the mounting port. The second fan mounting base seals the mounting port. The fan air inlet faces the accommodating cavity. The second fan is arranged in the mounting cavity. The fan air inlet is in communication with the accommodating cavity. The fan air outlet is in communication with the first end of the second wind channel. The cross-sectional area of the first wind channel first decreases and then increases along the direction from the first end of the first wind channel to the second end of the first wind channel. The air duct assembly according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the air duct assembly is arranged in the accommodating cavity, the first air vent is in communication with the fifth air vent, the second air vent is in communication with the sixth air vent, the third air vent is in communication with the seventh air vent, and the fourth air vent is in communication with the second opening. A nozzle assembly comprising a throat and a nozzle, the nozzle being connected to one end of the throat, the throat being arranged in the heat dissipation cavity, and the nozzle extending out of the shell through the second opening. A first air blower arranged in the shell, the first air blower being configured to force the first air flow to pass through the first air vent, the first air guide channel, the heat dissipation cavity, and the second air vent, so as to cool the throat of the three-dimensional printing head. A second air blower arranged in the accommodating cavity, the second air blower being configured to force the second air flow to pass through the third air vent, the accommodating cavity, and the fourth air vent, so as to cool the printing model of the three-dimensional printing head.

6. The three-dimensional printing head of claim 5, wherein, The number of the air duct assemblies, the second air blowers, the fifth air vents, and the seventh air vents is two, wherein the two air duct assemblies are arranged in mirror image along the central axis of the shell, the two first air vents are oppositely directed, the two fifth air vents are oppositely arranged, one first air vent is directed to one fifth air vent, the two second air vents are both directed to the sixth air vent, the two seventh air vents are arranged side by side and directed to the sixth air vent, the first air blower is arranged in the sixth air vent, one second air blower is arranged in one accommodating cavity, and one third air vent is directed to one seventh air vent.

7. The three-dimensional printing head of claim 5, wherein, The number of the air duct assemblies, the second air blowers, and the seventh air vents is two, wherein the two air duct assemblies are arranged in mirror image along the central axis of the shell, the two first air vents are oppositely directed, the two second air vents are oppositely arranged and in communication, the fifth air vent and the sixth air vent are oppositely arranged, one first air vent is directed to the fifth air vent, and the other first air vent is directed to the sixth air vent, the first air blower is arranged in the fifth air vent or the sixth air vent, one second air blower is arranged in one accommodating cavity, and one third air vent is directed to one seventh air vent.

8. The three-dimensional printing head according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein, The central axis of the second air guide channel intersects with the central axis of the nozzle of the three-dimensional printing head at the printing area of the three-dimensional printing head.

9. The three-dimensional printing head of claim 8, wherein, The flow rate w of the second gas stream ranges from 0.5 CFM to 1 CFM at a distance of 1 mm to 4 mm from the nozzle of the three-dimensional printing head within the printing area. w < 1 CFM.

10. A three-dimensional printer, characterized by The three-dimensional printing head according to any one of claims 5-9.

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