Vehicles and laminated glass

Abstract

The present application relates to a vehicle and a laminated glass thereof. The laminated glass of the vehicle comprises: an outer glass plate, an intermediate film and an inner glass plate. The intermediate film is arranged between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and the laminated glass of the vehicle has a camera window area. The intermediate film is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block, and the position of the first wedge-shaped filling block corresponds to the position of the camera window area. The laminated glass of the vehicle, since the intermediate film is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block corresponding to the position of the camera window area, and the first wedge filling block has a first wedge angle, the secondary image deviation angle of the laminated glass in the camera window area can be reduced to less than 3' in a low-cost manner, so that the camera can obtain more accurate and clear images to meet the requirements of autonomous driving above L3 level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of glass technology, and in particular to a vehicle and laminated glass thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the upgrade of smart cars, the upgrade of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and the research on future driverless cars, a variety of sensors are integrated into cars, such as millimeter wave radar, ultrasonic wave, camera, laser radar, etc. Among them, more and more cars have cameras integrated on the windshield, and even two or three cameras are integrated. Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a structure in which a camera 120 is provided on a front windshield 110 of a vehicle; Figure 2 Schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the camera 120 and the windshield 110, Figure 3 Another perspective structural diagram is shown in which a decorative ink layer 130 is provided on the surface of the windshield 110. The decorative ink layer 130 is usually arranged on the four edges of the windshield 110. When a camera is integrated, the decorative ink layer 130 will extend a T-shaped shielding area from the top edge to the bottom edge of the windshield 110. A hollow area 131 (also called a camera window area with a shooting function) is provided on the T-shaped shielding area at a position opposite to the camera 120, thereby ensuring that light from the scene outside the vehicle passes through the hollow area 131 of the windshield 110 into the camera 120, so that the camera 120 can obtain image data of the outside of the vehicle.

[0003] The secondary image deviation angle of the traditional windshield 110 in the camera window area is more than 6', even more than 8', and even reaches about 10', resulting in inaccurate image information obtained by the camera 120, which cannot meet the needs of the high-definition camera 120 and thus cannot meet the needs of autonomous driving above L3 level. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a vehicle and a laminated glass thereof, which can reduce the secondary image deviation angle of the laminated glass in the camera window area to less than 3′ in a low-cost manner, so that the camera can obtain more accurate and clear images to meet the requirements of autonomous driving above L3 level.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A laminated glass for a vehicle, the laminated glass for the vehicle comprising:

[0006] An outer glass plate, an intermediate film and an inner glass plate, wherein the intermediate film is arranged between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, the laminated glass of the vehicle has a camera window area, the intermediate film is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block, and the first wedge-shaped filling block is used to make the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area less than or equal to 3'.

[0007] In one of the embodiments, the intermediate diaphragm is provided with a first through hole at a position corresponding to the camera window area, the area of ​​the first through hole is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the camera window area, and the first wedge-shaped filling block is fixedly filled in the first through hole.

[0008] In one embodiment, the area of ​​the first through hole is S1, the area of ​​the intermediate membrane is S, and S1 and S satisfy: 0.0004≤S1 / S≤0.15, or 0.0005≤S1 / S≤0.1, or 0.001≤S1 / S≤0.008.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first wedge-shaped filling block has a first wedge angle, and the first wedge angle is 0.1 mrad-0.28 mrad.

[0010] In one embodiment, the top edge thickness of the first wedge-shaped filling block along the vertical direction is greater than the bottom edge thickness, or the top edge thickness of the first wedge-shaped filling block along the vertical direction is less than the bottom edge thickness, and the thickness of the intermediate membrane except the first wedge-shaped filling block along the vertical direction is basically constant.

[0011] In one embodiment, the laminated glass of the vehicle has a head-up display area, and the intermediate film is provided with a second wedge-shaped filling block, and the second wedge-shaped filling block is used to reduce the reflection ghost deviation angle of the head-up display area to less than or equal to 2′.

[0012] In one embodiment, the intermediate film is provided with a second through hole at a position corresponding to the head-up display area, the area of ​​the second through hole is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the head-up display area, and the second wedge-shaped filling block is fixedly filled in the second through hole.

[0013] In one embodiment, the area of ​​the second through hole is S2, the area of ​​the intermediate membrane is S, and S2 and S satisfy: 0.0005≤S2 / S≤0.25, or 0.001≤S2 / S≤0.2, or 0.004≤S2 / S≤0.015.

[0014] In one embodiment, the second wedge-shaped filling block has a second wedge angle, and when the virtual image distance of the head-up display image is 1 meter-5 meters, the second wedge angle is 0.3mrad-0.6mrad; when the virtual image distance of the head-up display image is ≥7.5 meters, the second wedge angle is 0.05mrad-0.2mrad.

[0015] In one embodiment, the top edge thickness of the second wedge-shaped filling block along the vertical direction is greater than the bottom edge thickness, and the thickness of the intermediate membrane except the first wedge-shaped filling block and the second wedge-shaped filling block along the vertical direction is substantially constant.

[0016] In one embodiment, the maximum thickness difference between the first wedge-shaped filling block, the second wedge-shaped filling block and other parts of the intermediate diaphragm is ≤0.1 mm.

[0017] In one embodiment, the distance between two opposite sides of the first wedge-shaped filling block in the vertical direction is defined as M1, and the distance between two opposite sides of the first wedge-shaped filling block in the transverse direction is defined as M2, M1≤300mm, M2≥50mm;

[0018] And / or, the spacing between two opposite sides of the second wedge-shaped filling block in the vertical direction is defined as M3, and the spacing between two opposite sides of the second wedge-shaped filling block in the transverse direction is defined as M4, M3≤300mm, M4≥200mm.

[0019] In one embodiment, the laminated glass of the vehicle has a head-up display area, and the laminated glass also includes a reflective film for reflecting P-polarized light emitted by a projector system, the reflective film at least covers the head-up display area, the reflective film is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate or on the inner surface of the inner glass plate, the P-polarized light is incident on the head-up display area at an incident angle of 38° to 85°, and the reflectivity of the head-up display area to the P-polarized light is greater than or equal to 10%.

[0020] In one of the embodiments, the laminated glass of the vehicle further includes at least one of an anti-fingerprint film, a heat insulation film, an electric heating film, an anti-ultraviolet film, an anti-fog film, and a visible light anti-reflection film.

[0021] A vehicle, comprising the laminated glass of the vehicle, and further comprising a camera, wherein the camera is arranged inside a driving cab and faces the camera window area.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, the laminated glass of the vehicle has a head-up display area, and the vehicle further includes a projector system, and the S-polarized light or P-polarized light emitted by the projector system is incident on the head-up display area.

[0023] For a vehicle and laminated glass thereof, since the intermediate film is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block corresponding to the position of the camera window area, the first wedge-shaped filling block has a first wedge angle, which can reduce the secondary image deviation angle of the laminated glass in the camera window area to less than 3' in a low-cost manner, so that the camera can obtain more accurate and clear images to meet the requirements of autonomous driving above L3 level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a camera provided on the windshield of a vehicle in the prior art;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between a camera and a front windshield in the prior art;

[0028] Figure 3 Another perspective structural diagram of a windshield having a decorative ink layer on its surface in the prior art;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle in an embodiment of the present application, in which a camera window area and a head-up display area are respectively provided on the laminated glass;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a laminated glass for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of an intermediate membrane according to an embodiment of the present application provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the first wedge-shaped filling block of the intermediate diaphragm shown being separated from the first through hole;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application in which an intermediate membrane is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the laminated glass of a vehicle in a camera window area according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.10 This is a structural schematic diagram of an intermediate diaphragm provided with a second wedge-shaped filling block according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.11This is a schematic structural diagram of a second wedge-shaped filling block of an intermediate diaphragm in an embodiment of the present application being separated from a second through hole;

[0037] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the intermediate diaphragm in the prior art is entirely set in a wedge shape;

[0038] Fig.13 A schematic cross-sectional view of a head-up display area according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the area of ​​the first wedge-shaped filling block and the area of ​​the camera window area according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] 110, front windshield; 120, camera; 130, decorative ink layer; 131, hollow area; 140, projector system;

[0041] 200, laminated glass; 210, outer glass plate; 220, intermediate film; 221, first through hole; 222, second through hole; 230, inner glass plate; 240, camera window area; 250, first wedge-shaped filling block; 260, head-up display area; 270, second wedge-shaped filling block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] It should be noted that 1′ is 1 / 60°.

[0044] It should be noted that the vertical direction refers to the direction from the bottom edge to the top edge of the laminated glass 200 after the laminated glass 200 is installed on the vehicle.

[0045] It should be noted that the lateral direction refers to a direction from one side edge to the other side edge of the laminated glass 200 after the laminated glass 200 is installed on the vehicle.

[0046] It should be noted that the substantially constant thickness means that the thickness remains unchanged except for manufacturing tolerance or processing error (for example, it can be understood that the maximum thickness change rate is less than or equal to 5%).

[0047] See also Figures 4 to 6 , Figure 4FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a laminated glass 200 of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application, in which a camera window area 240 and a head-up display area 260 are provided at the same time. Figure 5 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a portion of a laminated glass 200 of a vehicle except a camera window area 240 and a head-up display area 260 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure in which the intermediate film 220 of one embodiment of the present application is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block 250 is shown. One embodiment of the present application provides a laminated glass 200 for a vehicle, and the laminated glass 200 for the vehicle comprises: an outer glass plate 210, an intermediate film 220 and an inner glass plate 230. The intermediate film 220 is arranged between the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230. The laminated glass 200 for the vehicle has a camera window area 240. Specifically, the camera 120 obtains image data of the outside of the vehicle through the camera window area 240. The intermediate film 220 is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block 250, and the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 is used to make the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area 240 less than or equal to 3′, so that the camera 120 can obtain more accurate and clear images to meet the requirements of autonomous driving above L3 level.

[0048] In one embodiment, the intermediate film 220 is specifically a thermoplastic polymer film, and the material is, for example, PVB (polyvinyl butyral), EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate), SGP (ionic polymer film), PU (polyurethane), etc. The intermediate film 220 is mainly used to join the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230 together to form a laminated safety glass structure. Of course, the intermediate film 220 can also have other functions, such as providing at least one tinted area as a shadow band to reduce the interference of sunlight to the human eye or adding an infrared absorber to have a sunscreen or heat insulation function. For example, the intermediate film 220 can also include at least two layers, one of which has a higher plasticizer content to have a sound insulation function.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, the laminated glass 200 can be used as the front windshield of the vehicle, and one, two, three or even more cameras 120 are installed on the inner surface of the front windshield and near the middle position of its top edge through accessories such as camera brackets, and the corresponding camera window area 240 is also located in the middle position near the top edge of the laminated glass 200. The head-up display image is usually located in front of the driver's field of vision, and the corresponding head-up display area 260 is also located in the main viewing area of ​​the laminated glass 200 and near the driver's side. It can be understood that the positions of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 and the camera window area 240 correspond to each other. When there are multiple camera window areas 240 on the laminated glass 200, the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 is also set to multiple accordingly.

[0050] like Figure 5As shown, the laminated glass 200 of the vehicle includes an outer glass plate 210, an intermediate film 220 and an inner glass plate 230 stacked in sequence, and the intermediate film 220 is arranged between the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230. When the laminated glass 200 is installed on the vehicle, the outer glass plate 210 is located on the side outside the vehicle, and the inner glass 230 is located on the side inside the vehicle. The laminated glass 200 of the vehicle is used as a windshield, and the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 200 is required to be greater than or equal to 70% to meet safe driving and regulatory requirements. Among them, the outer glass plate 210 can be made of transparent glass or green glass with a visible light transmittance of ≥80% or even ≥85%, and its thickness is 1.8mm-4.2mm. Among them, the inner glass plate 230 can be made of transparent glass or green glass with a visible light transmittance of ≥80% or even ≥85%, and its thickness is 0.7mm-2.1mm. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the thickness of the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230 along the vertical direction is substantially constant, that is, the cross-sections of the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230 along the vertical direction are rectangular, which is conducive to simplifying the glass manufacturing process and reducing costs.

[0051] exist Figure 5 In the embodiment, the thickness of the intermediate film 220 other than the camera window area 240 and the head-up display area 260 is substantially constant in the vertical direction, that is, the cross section of the intermediate film 220 in the vertical direction is rectangular, which is conducive to simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing the cost of the intermediate film 220. The intermediate film 220 is made of a transparent thermoplastic polymer film with a visible light transmittance of ≥80%, even ≥85%, and even ≥90%, and its thickness is 0.38 mm-1.63 mm.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, the intermediate film 220 is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block 250, and the thickness of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 gradually increases in the vertical direction, that is, the cross section of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 in the vertical direction is a wedge-shaped shape (also called a positive wedge-shaped shape) in which the thickness of the top side is greater than the thickness of the bottom side, and the thickness of the intermediate film 220 except the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 in the vertical direction is basically constant, that is, the cross section of the intermediate film 220 except the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 in the vertical direction is a rectangle. The cross section of the intermediate film 220 in the vertical direction is approximately "overall rectangular and partial wedge-shaped", which can not only make the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area 240 less than or equal to 3' through the partial wedge shape, but also simplify the manufacturing process of the laminated glass 200 and reduce the cost through the overall rectangle.

[0053] like Figure 8As shown, the intermediate film 220 is provided with another first wedge-shaped filling block 250, the thickness of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 in the vertical direction gradually decreases, that is, the cross section of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 in the vertical direction is a wedge-shaped (also called an inverse wedge-shaped) with a top edge thickness less than a bottom edge thickness, and the thickness of the intermediate film 220 except the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 in the vertical direction is substantially constant, that is, the cross section of the intermediate film 220 except the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 in the vertical direction is a rectangle. The cross section of the intermediate film 220 in the vertical direction is approximately "overall rectangular, partial wedge-shaped", which can not only make the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area 240 less than or equal to 3' through the partial wedge shape, but also simplify the manufacturing process of the laminated glass 200 and reduce the cost through the overall rectangle.

[0054] In order to make the working principle of reducing the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area 240 of the laminated glass 200 to less than 3' in this embodiment more clear, Fig. 9 For further analysis, Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a laminated glass 200 of a vehicle in a camera window area 240 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown:

[0055] The light of object A is incident from the outside of the vehicle onto the outer surface of the laminated glass 200. According to the known law of refraction, the light is refracted at the transition from air to glass on the outer surface of the laminated glass 200 and at the transition from glass to air on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 and reaches the camera 120. The light beam is depicted as a solid line. In the image captured by the camera 120, object A has a perspective main image A1 located at a first position. However, a small portion of the light is first reflected on the surface of the inner glass plate 230 and reflected again on the surface of the outer glass plate 210. Then, the light passes through the surface of the inner glass plate 230 and reaches the camera 120. The light reflected twice is depicted as an upper dotted line. In the image captured by the camera 120, there is also a perspective secondary image A2 located at a second position. The angle a between the light forming the perspective main image A1 and the light forming the perspective secondary image A2 is the secondary image deviation angle.

[0056] Through research, it is found that the first wedge angle of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 can reduce the angle a between the light forming the main image and the light forming the secondary image, that is, reduce the deviation angle of the secondary image. If the deviation angle of the secondary image is reduced to less than or equal to 3′, preferably less than or equal to 2.5′, and more preferably less than or equal to 2.0′, it will be difficult to distinguish the secondary image in the image information collected by the camera 120, thereby improving the quality of the collected image, meeting the requirements of the high-definition camera 120, and further meeting the requirements of autonomous driving above L3 level.

[0057] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7Shows Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure in which the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 of the intermediate film 220 is separated from the first through hole 221, the intermediate film 220 provided with the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 can be made by a fusion splicing process, and the specific steps can be: prepare a piece of intermediate film 220 in an overall rectangular shape, and then provide a first through hole 221 at a position corresponding to the camera window area 240, the area of ​​the first through hole 221 is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the camera window area 240, and finally the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 is fixedly filled and set in the first through hole 221, and the four peripheral portions of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 and the four peripheral portions of the first through hole 221 are fused and spliced ​​into one. The fusion splicing process can be processed separately, or it can be realized in the initial pressure heating process or high pressure heating process of the laminated glass, so that the production process can be simplified and the production difficulty can be reduced.

[0058] The area of ​​the first through hole is S1, and the area of ​​the intermediate film is S. Preferably, S1 and S satisfy: 0.0004≤S1 / S≤0.15, so that the minimum field of view (FOV) requirement of the camera 120 for acquiring image data outside the vehicle can be met, the difficulty of the fusion splicing process can be reduced as much as possible, and the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the laminated glass 200 can be reduced as much as possible. Optionally, S1 and S can also satisfy: 0.0005≤S1 / S≤0.1, or can satisfy: 0.001≤S1 / S≤0.008. Specifically, the spacing between the two opposite sides of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 in the vertical direction is defined as M1, and the spacing between the two opposite sides of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 in the transverse direction is defined as M2, M1≤300mm, M2≥50mm.

[0059] In one embodiment, the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 has a first wedge angle, which includes but is not limited to 0.1 mrad-0.28 mrad. It has been found that when the first wedge angle is set in this range, the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area 240 can be set to less than 3', so that the camera 120 can obtain a more accurate and clear image to meet the requirements of autonomous driving above L3 level.

[0060] In one embodiment, the center point of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 coincides with the center point of the camera window area 240. The area of ​​the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the camera window area 240. By adjusting the first wedge angle of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 of the camera window area 240, the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area 240 can be less than 3'.

[0061] In one embodiment, the area where the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 is located only needs to cover the camera window area 240, and the center points of the two are not required to coincide. Fig.14 , Fig.14 A structural schematic diagram of the relationship between the area of ​​the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 and the area of ​​the camera window area 240 of an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the center point of the camera window area 240 is denoted as H, and the camera window area 240 is, for example, a quadrilateral, and the distances between the center point H and the four sides of the camera window area 240 satisfy the following relationship: S1≤50mm, S2≤50mm, S3≤75mm, S4≤75mm, wherein the distance between the center point H and the top edge of the camera window area 240 is defined as S1, the distance between the center point H and the bottom edge of the camera window area 240 is defined as S2, the distance between the center point H and the left side of the camera window area 240 is defined as S3, and the distance between the center point H and the right side of the camera window area 240 is defined as S4.

[0062] Experimental analysis was conducted with multiple first wedge-shaped filling blocks 250 having different first wedge angles: Comparative Example 1: first wedge angle = 0.3 mrad; Example 1: first wedge angle = 0.25 mrad; Example 2: first wedge angle = 0.2 mrad; Example 3: first wedge angle = 0.15 mrad; Example 4: first wedge angle = 0.1 mrad.

[0063] The secondary image deviation angles of the camera window area 240 of the laminated glass 200 of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-4 are measured and calculated, and the center point H of the camera window area 240 and the points H around the center point H are measured and calculated respectively. 左 , point H 右 , point H 上 , point H 下 The secondary image deviation angle at different positions, point H 左 The point H is located on the left side of the center point H in the transverse direction and is 75 mm away from the center point H. 右 The point H is located to the right of the center point H in the transverse direction and is 75 mm away from the center point H. 上 The vertical direction is above the center point H and the distance from the center point H is 50 mm. 下 The vertical direction is below the center point H and the distance from the center point H is 50 mm, and the following table is obtained:

[0064] Secondary image deviation angle detection point <![CDATA[Point H 左 > <![CDATA[Point H 右 > Center point H <![CDATA[Point H 上 > <![CDATA[Point H 下 > Comparative Example 1 3.1′ 2.1′ 2.4′ 2.6′ 2.9′ Example 1 2.8′ 2.5′ 2.3′ 2.7′ 3.0′ Example 2 2.9′ 2.4′ 2.1′ 2.9′ 2.5′ Example 3 2.7′ 2.1′ 2.3′ 2.6′ 2.8′ Example 4 2.8′ 2.3′ 2.0′ 2.4′ 2.3′

[0065] The following conclusion can be drawn from the relevant data in the above table: when the first wedge angle is controlled within the range of 0.1 mrad-0.25 mrad, it can ensure that the secondary image deviation angles at multiple different positions of the camera window area 240 are all below 3′, or even below 2.8′, that is, it can ensure that the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area 240 of the laminated glass 200 is below 3′.

[0066] See also Figure 4 , Fig.10 and Fig.13 , Fig.10 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the intermediate membrane 220 in one embodiment of the present application further provided with a second wedge-shaped filling block 270. Fig.13 The cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the head-up display area 260 of an embodiment of the present application is shown. In one embodiment, the laminated glass 200 of the vehicle has a head-up display area 260. The projection light emitted by the projector system 140 is incident on the head-up display area 260 and enters the driver's eyes after being reflected by the head-up display area 260. The intermediate film 220 is provided with a second wedge-shaped filling block 270, and the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 is used to reduce the reflection ghost deviation angle of the head-up display area 260 to less than or equal to 2'.

[0067] like Fig.10 As shown, the intermediate film 220 is further provided with a second wedge-shaped filling block 270, and the thickness of the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 along the vertical direction gradually increases, that is, the cross section of the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 along the vertical direction is a wedge-shaped (also called a positive wedge-shaped) with a top edge thickness greater than a bottom edge thickness, and the thickness of the intermediate film 220 except the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 and the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 along the vertical direction is substantially constant, that is, the cross section of the intermediate film 220 except the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 and the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 along the vertical direction is a rectangle. The cross section of the intermediate film 220 along the vertical direction is approximately "overall rectangular, partial wedge-shaped", which can not only make the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area 240 less than or equal to 3' and the reflection double image deviation angle of the head-up display area 260 less than or equal to 2' through the partial wedge, but also simplify the manufacturing process of the laminated glass 200 and reduce the cost through the overall rectangle.

[0068] The second wedge-shaped filling block 270 corresponds to the position of the head-up display area 260. When the laminated glass 200 has a plurality of head-up display areas 260, a plurality of second wedge-shaped filling blocks 270 are also provided accordingly. In this way, the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 has a second wedge angle, which can make the reflection double image deviation angle of the head-up display area 260 of the laminated glass 200 less than or equal to 2′.

[0069] In order to make the working principle of reducing the reflection ghost deviation angle of the head-up display area 260 of the laminated glass 200 to be less than or equal to 2' more clear, the following is combined with Fig.13 For further analysis:

[0070] The projection light emitted by the projector system 140 is S-polarized light, which is incident on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 and reaches the eyes of the observer after being reflected by the inner surface. The path of the light beam is depicted as a solid line. From the perspective of the observer, a virtual head-up display main image B located in front of the laminated glass 200 is seen. However, another part of the light enters the laminated glass 200 at the transition point from air to glass on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 according to the law of refraction, is reflected on the outer surface, and then refracts at the transition point from glass to air on the inner surface to reach the eyes of the observer. The path of the light beam is depicted as a dotted line. From the perspective of the observer, a virtual head-up display secondary image B1 located in front of the laminated glass 200 can also be seen. The angle b between the light forming the head-up display main image B and the light forming the head-up display secondary image B1 is the reflection ghost deviation angle.

[0071] It has been found through research that the second wedge angle of the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 can reduce the angle b between the light forming the head-up display main image and the light forming the head-up display secondary image, that is, reduce the reflection ghost deviation angle. If the reflection ghost deviation angle is reduced to less than or equal to 2', preferably less than or equal to 1.6', and more preferably less than or equal to 1.4', it will be difficult for observers with normal vision to observe the head-up display secondary image, thereby greatly improving the quality of the head-up display image.

[0072] See also Fig.11 , Fig.11 Shows Fig.10 The schematic diagram of the structure in which the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 of the intermediate film 220 is separated from the second through hole 222, the intermediate film 220 provided with the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 can be made by a fusion splicing process, and the specific steps can be: prepare a piece of intermediate film 220 in an overall rectangular shape, and then provide a second through hole 222 at a position corresponding to the head-up display area 260, the area of ​​the first through hole 222 is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the head-up display area 260, and finally the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 is fixedly filled and set in the second through hole 222, and the four peripheral portions of the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 and the four peripheral portions of the second through hole 222 are fused and spliced ​​into one. The fusion splicing process can be processed separately, or it can be realized in the initial pressure heating process or high pressure heating process of the laminated glass, so that the production process can be simplified and the production difficulty can be reduced.

[0073] The area of ​​the second through hole is S2, and the area of ​​the intermediate film is S. Preferably, S2 and S satisfy: 0.0005≤S2 / S≤0.25, so that the minimum frame requirement of the head-up display can be met, the difficulty of the fusion splicing process can be reduced as much as possible, and the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the laminated glass 200 can be reduced as much as possible. Optionally, S2 and S can also satisfy: 0.001≤S2 / S≤0.2, or can satisfy: 0.004≤S2 / S≤0.015. Specifically, the spacing between the two opposite sides of the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 in the vertical direction is defined as M3, and the spacing between the two opposite sides of the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 in the horizontal direction is defined as M4, M3≤300mm, M4≥200mm.

[0074] See also Fig.13 In one embodiment, the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 has a second wedge angle, and the virtual image distance of the head-up display image is the distance between the center point of the eye box surface and the center point of the head-up display main image (such as Fig.13 When the virtual image distance of the head-up display image is 1 meter to 5 meters, the second wedge angle is set to 0.3 mrad to 0.6 mrad; when the virtual image distance of the head-up display image is ≥ 7.5 meters, the second wedge angle is set to 0.05 mrad to 0.2 mrad.

[0075] In one embodiment, when the laminated glass 200 has only the camera window area 240 , the intermediate film 220 is only provided with the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 , and the thickness of the intermediate film 220 except the camera window area 240 along the vertical direction is substantially constant.

[0076] In another embodiment, when the laminated glass 200 has both the camera window area 240 and the head-up display area 260, and the projection light emitted by the projector system 140 is S-polarized light, the intermediate film 220 is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block 250 and a second wedge-shaped filling block 270, and the thickness of the intermediate film 220 except the camera window area 240 and the head-up display area 260 along the vertical direction is substantially constant. Fig.12 As shown, the cross section of the intermediate film 220 along the vertical direction is an overall wedge shape, which can only be used to solve the ghosting problem of the head-up display system. The size of its wedge angle is mainly designed based on the reflection ghosting of the head-up display system, and cannot be used to solve the secondary image deviation problem of the camera window area 240. In addition, its price is 7 to 10 times that of ordinary rectangular PVB films, and the process is difficult, making the material and process costs very high. Fig.12Compared with the overall wedge-shaped intermediate diaphragm 220 shown, the present application designs an overall rectangular, partially wedge-shaped intermediate diaphragm 220. A plurality of first wedge-shaped filling blocks 250 and a plurality of second wedge-shaped filling blocks 270 for local splicing can be made using an overall wedge-shaped intermediate diaphragm 220, which has the advantages of short development cycle, cost saving, and large degree of freedom for local improvement.

[0077] Among them, the first wedge angle of the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 can be constant (linear change in thickness) or continuously variable (non-linear change in thickness). Considering the actual effect and cost, the present application prefers that the first wedge angle is constant; the second wedge angle of the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 can be constant (linear change in thickness) or continuously variable (non-linear change in thickness). Considering the actual effect and cost, the present application prefers that the second wedge angle is continuously variable.

[0078] In some other embodiments, the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 may not be provided. Instead, when the projection light emitted by the projector system 140 is P-polarized light, the laminated glass 200 further includes a reflective film (not shown in the figure) for reflecting the P-polarized light emitted by the projector system 140. The reflective film is located between the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230 or on the inner surface of the inner glass plate 230. In this way, the intermediate film 220 is only provided with the first wedge-shaped filling block 250, and the laminated glass 200 includes the reflective film, which can also solve the secondary image deviation problem of the camera window area 240 and the ghosting problem of the head-up display system at the same time with lower cost and simpler process.

[0079] In one embodiment, the reflective film at least covers the head-up display area 260 , and the P-polarized light is incident on the head-up display area 260 of the laminated glass 200 at an incident angle of 38° to 85°, and the reflectivity of the head-up display area 260 to the P-polarized light is greater than or equal to 10%.

[0080] In one embodiment, the maximum thickness difference between the first wedge-shaped filling block 250, the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 and other parts of the intermediate film 220 (that is, the parts of the intermediate film 220 after the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 and the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 are removed) is ≤ 0.1 mm. In this way, it is ensured that the laminated glass 200 does not creep over a large area due to excessive thickness difference during the initial pressure heating process or the high pressure heating process, thereby deteriorating the optics of the laminated glass 200. In addition, it can also ensure smooth fusion and splicing.

[0081] In one embodiment, the laminated glass of the vehicle further includes at least one of an anti-fingerprint film, a heat insulation film, an electric heating film, an anti-ultraviolet film, an anti-fog film, and a visible light anti-reflection film.

[0082] The anti-fingerprint film is disposed on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 and at least covers the head-up display area 260, thereby ensuring that the head-up display area 260 can display the head-up display image more clearly. Preferably, the anti-fingerprint film covers most of the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 including the head-up display area 260, and specifically covers at least 80% of the inner surface of the laminated glass 200, even at least 90% of the inner surface, and even at least 95% of the inner surface, thereby simplifying the production process.

[0083] Among them, the thermal insulation film can reflect infrared rays to make the interior of the vehicle have better thermal comfort. The thermal insulation film can be arranged between the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230, specifically, it can be arranged on the surface of the outer glass plate 210 close to the middle film 220, or it can be arranged on the surface of the inner glass plate 230 close to the middle film 220. The thermal insulation film can be a single silver coating, a double silver coating, a triple silver coating, or a quadruple silver coating deposited on the surface of the outer glass plate 210 or the inner glass plate 230 by a magnetron sputtering deposition process. The single silver coating is a transparent nanofilm having one silver layer and at least two dielectric layers, the double silver coating is a transparent nanofilm having two silver layers and at least three dielectric layers, the triple silver coating is a transparent nanofilm having three silver layers and at least four dielectric layers, and the quadruple silver coating is a transparent nanofilm having four silver layers and at least five dielectric layers. The thermal insulation film can also be heat-absorbing PVB or reflective PET sandwiched between the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230. The heat-absorbing PVB can be obtained by adding infrared-reflecting components to standard PVB, and the reflective PET can be obtained by stacking several layers of organic layers with different refractive indices, or by depositing single silver coating, double silver coating, triple silver coating, or quadruple silver coating on the PET film.

[0084] The electric heating film is arranged on the surface of the outer glass plate 210 close to the intermediate film 220, and can also be arranged on the surface of the inner glass plate 230 close to the intermediate film 220. The electric heating film can be a single silver coating, a double silver coating, a triple silver coating, or a quadruple silver coating deposited on the surface of the outer glass plate 210 or the inner glass plate 230 by a magnetron sputtering deposition process. The single silver coating is a transparent nanofilm having one silver layer and at least two dielectric layers, the double silver coating is a transparent nanofilm having two silver layers and at least three dielectric layers, the triple silver coating is a transparent nanofilm having three silver layers and at least four dielectric layers, and the quadruple silver coating is a transparent nanofilm having four silver layers and at least five dielectric layers. The electric heating film can also be a metal wire, a printed silver paste wire, a nano silver wire, a graphene heating sheet, etc., sandwiched between the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230. By arranging at least two busbars electrically connected to the electric heating film between the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230, the current of the power supply can be input into the electric heating film, so that the electric heating film generates heat and heats the laminated glass to achieve the functions of defrosting, defogging and even de-icing and de-snowing, thereby further improving driving safety.

[0085] The anti-ultraviolet film may be disposed between the outer glass plate 210 and the inner glass plate 230 , and the anti-ultraviolet film may be obtained by adding an ultraviolet absorbing component to the standard PVB.

[0086] The anti-fog film is disposed on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 and at least covers the camera window area 240. The anti-fog film can prevent water fog and the like from interfering with the camera 120 in acquiring image data of the outside of the vehicle, thereby improving the recognition accuracy of the camera 120. The anti-fog film can be disposed on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 by a process such as film lamination or sol-gel. When the anti-fog film is disposed by a sol-gel process, it is preferred that the anti-fog film covers most of the area on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 including the camera window area, and specifically covers at least 80% of the area on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200, even at least 90% of the area, and even at least 95% of the area, etc., so that the production process can be simplified.

[0087] Among them, the visible light anti-reflection film is arranged on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 and at least covers the camera window area 240. The visible light anti-reflection film can reduce or even prevent the reflection generated on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 from interfering with the camera 120 to obtain the image data of the outside of the vehicle, thereby improving the recognition accuracy of the camera 120. The visible light anti-reflection film can be arranged on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 by processes such as film lamination, sol-gel, magnetron sputtering, plasma injection, and laser etching. When the visible light anti-reflection film is arranged by sol-gel or magnetron sputtering, it is preferred that the visible light anti-reflection film covers most of the area on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200 including the camera window area, and specifically, for example, covers at least 80% of the area on the inner surface of the laminated glass 200, even at least 90% of the area, and even at least 95% of the area, etc., so as to simplify the production process.

[0088] In one embodiment, a vehicle includes the laminated glass 200 of any one of the above embodiments, and the vehicle also includes a camera 120 . The camera 120 is disposed inside a cab, and the camera 120 faces a camera window area 240 .

[0089] In the above-mentioned vehicle, since the intermediate film 220 is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block 250 corresponding to the position of the camera window area 240, and the first wedge-shaped filling block 250 has a first wedge angle, the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area 240 of the laminated glass 200 can be reduced to less than 3′ in a low-cost manner, so that the camera 120 can obtain a more accurate and clear image to meet the requirements of autonomous driving above L3 level.

[0090] In order to enable the laminated glass 200 of the vehicle to also have a head-up display (HUD) function, the laminated glass 200 of the vehicle also has a head-up display area 260 . The vehicle also includes a projector system 140 . The S-polarized light or P-polarized light emitted by the projector system 140 is incident on the head-up display area 260 .

[0091] In the above-mentioned vehicle, since the intermediate film 220 is provided with a second wedge-shaped filling block 270 corresponding to the position of the head-up display area 260 or a reflective film reflecting P-polarized light, and the second wedge-shaped filling block 270 has a second wedge angle, the reflective double image deviation angle of the head-up display area 260 of the laminated glass 200 can be reduced to less than 2′ in a low-cost manner, so that the head-up display image is clearer and there is no visual double image.

[0092] It should be noted that the "first wedge-shaped filling block 250" can be "a part of the intermediate diaphragm 220", that is, the "first wedge-shaped filling block 250" and the "other parts of the intermediate diaphragm 220" are manufactured as one piece; it can also be an independent component that can be separated from the "other parts of the intermediate diaphragm 220", that is, the "first wedge-shaped filling block 250" can be manufactured independently and then combined with the "other parts of the intermediate diaphragm 220" into a whole.

[0093] It should be noted that the "second wedge-shaped filling block 270" can be "a part of the intermediate diaphragm 220", that is, the "second wedge-shaped filling block 270" and the "other parts of the intermediate diaphragm 220" are manufactured as one piece; it can also be an independent component that can be separated from the "other parts of the intermediate diaphragm 220", that is, the "second wedge-shaped filling block 270" can be manufactured independently and then combined with the "other parts of the intermediate diaphragm 220" into a whole.

[0094] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0095] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A laminated glass for a vehicle, characterized in that: The laminated glass of the vehicle comprises: An outer glass plate, an intermediate film and an inner glass plate, wherein the intermediate film is arranged between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, the laminated glass of the vehicle has a camera window area, the intermediate film is provided with a first wedge-shaped filling block, and the first wedge-shaped filling block is used to make the secondary image deviation angle of the camera window area less than or equal to 3′; The intermediate film is provided with a first through hole at a position corresponding to the camera window area, the area of ​​the first through hole is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the camera window area, the first wedge-shaped filling block is fixedly filled in the first through hole, and the four peripheral edges of the first wedge-shaped filling block and the four peripheral edges of the first through hole are fused and spliced ​​into one body; The area of ​​the first through hole is S1, the area of ​​the intermediate membrane is S, and S1 and S satisfy: 0.0004≤S1 / S≤0.

15.

2. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: 0.0005≤S1 / S≤0.

1.

3. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: 0.001≤S1 / S≤0.

008.

4. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center point of the first wedge-shaped filling block coincides with the center point of the camera window area, and the first wedge-shaped filling block has a first wedge angle, and the first wedge angle is 0.1 mrad-0.28 mrad.

5. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top edge thickness of the first wedge-shaped filling block in the vertical direction is greater than the bottom edge thickness, or the top edge thickness of the first wedge-shaped filling block in the vertical direction is less than the bottom edge thickness, and the thickness of the intermediate membrane except the first wedge-shaped filling block in the vertical direction is basically constant.

6. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminated glass of the vehicle has a head-up display area, and the intermediate film is provided with a second wedge-shaped filling block, which is used to reduce the reflection double image deviation angle of the head-up display area to less than or equal to 2'.

7. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The intermediate film is provided with a second through hole at a position corresponding to the head-up display area, the area of ​​the second through hole is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the head-up display area, and the second wedge-shaped filling block is fixedly filled in the second through hole.

8. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The area of ​​the second through hole is S2, the area of ​​the intermediate membrane is S, and S2 and S satisfy: 0.0005≤S2 / S≤0.25, or 0.001≤S2 / S≤0.2, or 0.004≤S2 / S≤0.

015.

9. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second wedge-shaped filling block has a second wedge angle. When the virtual image distance of the head-up display image is 1 meter-5 meters, the second wedge angle is 0.3mrad-0.6mrad; when the virtual image distance of the head-up display image is ≥7.5 meters, the second wedge angle is 0.05mrad-0.2mrad.

10. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the top edge of the second wedge-shaped filling block in the vertical direction is greater than the thickness of the bottom edge, and the thickness of the portion of the intermediate membrane other than the first wedge-shaped filling block and the second wedge-shaped filling block in the vertical direction is substantially constant.

11. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The maximum thickness difference between the first wedge-shaped filling block, the second wedge-shaped filling block and other parts of the intermediate diaphragm is ≤0.1 mm.

12. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between two opposite sides of the first wedge-shaped filling block in the vertical direction is defined as M1, and the distance between two opposite sides of the first wedge-shaped filling block in the transverse direction is defined as M2, M1≤300mm, M2≥50mm; And / or, the spacing between two opposite sides of the second wedge-shaped filling block in the vertical direction is defined as M3, and the spacing between two opposite sides of the second wedge-shaped filling block in the transverse direction is defined as M4, M3≤300mm, M4≥200mm.

13. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminated glass of the vehicle has a head-up display area, and the laminated glass also includes a reflective film for reflecting P-polarized light emitted by a projector system, wherein the reflective film at least covers the head-up display area, and the reflective film is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate or on the inner surface of the inner glass plate. The P-polarized light is incident on the head-up display area at an incident angle of 38° to 85°, and a reflectivity of the head-up display area to the P-polarized light is greater than or equal to 10%.

14. The laminated glass for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminated glass of the vehicle further comprises at least one of an anti-fingerprint film, a heat-insulating film, an electric heating film, an anti-ultraviolet film, an anti-fog film, and a visible light anti-reflection film.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the laminated glass of the vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, and the vehicle further comprises a camera, wherein the camera is arranged inside the driving cab and faces the camera window area.

16. The vehicle according to claim 15, characterized in that The laminated glass of the vehicle has a head-up display area, and the vehicle further includes a projector system, and the S-polarized light or P-polarized light emitted by the projector system is incident on the head-up display area.

Images