A state detection circuit for a flexible formation train and a flexible formation train

Abstract

The present invention discloses a state detection circuit for a flexible formation train. Each train in the flexible formation train includes a one-end circuit, a two-end circuit, and an electric coupler connector; when flexibly forming a train, the two-end circuit of the previous train is connected to the one-end circuit of the next train through the electric coupler connector; the one-end circuit includes a circuit breaker CB1 and a relay K1; the two-end circuit includes a circuit breaker CB2 and a relay K2; when the train runs in single formation, it is always powered from the one-end, and after the whole vehicle state is connected in series, the train-related state signal is obtained at the two-end. When running in multiple formations, according to the characteristic that the one-end of the leading vehicle is always connected to the two-end of the following vehicle during multiple formations, using the coupler connection state, the power supply of the one-end of the coupled vehicle is automatically cut off, and at the same time, the circuit is connected to the two-end of the leading vehicle to realize the state detection of the multiple formation train.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a detection circuit for train status signals, and particularly to a status detection circuit for a flexibly configured train. Background Art

[0002] A certain number of status signals on trains are obtained through hard-wire series connection, such as: all doors closed / locked in place, all service brakes applied / released, all parking brakes released, etc. The commonly used circuit is powered from the occupied driver's cab end at both ends of the train, and relevant signals of the whole vehicle are connected in series through train lines to obtain the status of the whole vehicle at the other end. This structure usually uses the driver's cab activation signal to select the power supply end, but for a flexibly configured train, it is necessary to first implement interlocking between the driver's cabs, select the power supply end through interlocking and disable the power supply ends of other driver's cabs; taking a three-carriage train as an example, interlocking is required between six driver's cabs, so a large number of relays need to be used, and the increase in components improves the failure rate of the circuit on the train. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a status detection circuit for a flexibly configured train, which meets the use of a flexibly configured train by involving a new detection circuit and reduces the use of components.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a status detection circuit for a flexibly configured train, each train in the flexibly configured train includes a one-end circuit, a two-end circuit, and an electric coupler connector; when flexibly configured, the two-end circuit of the previous train is connected to the one-end circuit of the next train through the electric coupler connector; the one-end circuit includes a circuit breaker CB1 and a relay K1; the two-end circuit includes a circuit breaker CB2 and a relay K2; the electric coupler connector includes connector pins Pin1, Pin2, Pin3, and Pin4.

[0005] When flexibly marshaling, the connector pins between the front and rear vehicles are correspondingly connected together; the power supply V+ is respectively connected to one end of the normally closed contact C1 of the relay K1 and the Pin3 pin of the one-end connector through the circuit breaker CB1; the other end of the normally closed contact C1 is connected to the Pin1 pin of the one-end side connector through the normally open contact C2 of the relay K1; the connector Pin2 pin is connected to one end of the normally open contact C3 of the relay K1, and the other end of the normally open contact C3 is led out to the status signal terminal through the normally closed contact C4 of the relay K1 and connected to the TCMS module; the Pin4 pin of the one-end side connector is connected to the power supply V- through the coil of the relay K1; the power supply V+ is connected to the Pin3 pin of the two-end side connector through the circuit breaker CB2; the terminal led out between the normally closed contact C1 and the normally open contact C2 is connected to the Pin1 pin of the two-end connector through the normally open contact C8 of the relay K2; the connector pin Pin2 of the two-end is connected to one end of the normally closed contact C7 of the relay K2 through the normally open contact C9 of the relay K2, and the other end of the normally closed contact C7 is connected between the normally open contact C2 and the normally closed contact C1; the connector pin Pin4 of the two-end is connected to the power supply V- through the coil of the relay K2;

[0006] The state signal switches of the train are connected in series with each other, and one end is connected between the normally open contact C3 and the normally closed contact C4 in the one-end circuit of the train, and the other end is connected between the normally closed contact C7 and the normally open contact C9 in the two-end circuit of the train;

[0007] In the front and rear connected trains, the connector pins Pin1, Pin2, Pin3, and Pin4 are correspondingly connected. Among them, the power supply V+ at the two-end of the previous train conducts the relay K2 of the previous train through the connector pins of the two connected trains; the power supply V+ at the one-end of the next train conducts the relay K1 of the next train through the connector pins of the two connected trains.

[0008] The TCMS module judges whether the state of the flexibly marshaled train is normal according to the signal sent by the status signal terminal.

[0009] The connector pins of the train are all a pair of pins. When the front and rear vehicles are connected, a pair of pins in the pins of the front vehicle are mirror-connected to a pair of corresponding pins of the rear vehicle.

[0010] On each train, a status detection unit of the relay K1 and a status monitoring unit of the relay K2 are respectively set up to monitor the status of the coils and contacts of the relays K1 and K2 respectively.

[0011] The state detection unit of relay K1 and the state monitoring unit of relay K2 are respectively connected to the TCMS module. The TCMS module monitors and collects the states of the coils and contacts of relays K1 and K2. The output end of the TCMS module is connected to the alarm module, which is used to send an alarm signal when the states of the coils and contacts of relays K1 and K2 are inconsistent.

[0012] The state detection unit of relay K1 includes: leading out the on-off state terminal of the K1 coil in the coil circuit of relay K1 and connecting it to the acquisition end of the TCMS module; leading out the K1 contact state terminal between Pin4 and the K1 coil and connecting it to the TCMS module through the normally open contact C6; the TCMS module determines the states of the K1 relay coil and contact according to the signals of the K1 coil on-off state terminal and the K1 contact state terminal.

[0013] The state detection unit of relay K2 includes: leading out the on-off state terminal of the K2 coil in the coil circuit of relay K2 and connecting it to the acquisition end of the TCMS module; leading out the K2 contact state terminal between Pin4 and the K2 coil and connecting it to the TCMS module through the normally open contact C11; the TCMS module determines the states of the K2 relay coil and contact according to the signals of the K2 coil on-off state terminal and the K2 contact state terminal.

[0014] The state signal switches of the train include: signal switches corresponding to all doors closed, all doors locked, all parking brakes applied, all service brakes applied, and all service brakes released signals.

[0015] A flexible formation train uses the state detection circuit of the flexible formation train to detect the state signals of each train.

[0016] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] First, other unnecessary control logics in the circuit are removed. Only one relay and one circuit breaker are used at the single end of the train, reducing the cost of components and the probability of train circuit failure caused by component failures.

[0018] Second, through the differential circuit design at both ends of the train, when multiple cars are coupled and running in formation, if the principle of connecting the second end of the front car to the first end of the rear car is not followed, the circuit cannot conduct, and the train state is in an open circuit, and the train cannot move, increasing the safety guarantee.

[0019] In addition, this circuit is not only applicable to the operation requirements of flexible formation trains, but also applicable to rescue conditions.

[0020] Finally, this circuit controls the local relay using the coupling state of the local coupler, without relying on mechanical devices such as limit switches, and has high reliability. At the same time, for the rescue condition, if the circuit of the vehicle to be rescued fails, after the electric coupler head is removed, the circuit will not conduct, avoiding the spread of the vehicle-to-be-rescued's faults. Description of the Drawings

[0021] The following briefly describes the content expressed in each drawing of the present invention specification and the markings in the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic circuit diagram of the first end and the second end of a single train in the formation train of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic circuit diagram of the connection between the front and rear trains in the flexible formation train of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0024] The following further details the specific embodiments of the present invention by describing the optimal embodiments with reference to the drawings.

[0025] The present invention realizes automatic switching selection of the power supply end and circuit expansion by using the coupling state, removes the function of signals such as cab activation in the circuit, greatly reduces the use of relays, and at the same time reduces the probability of circuit failure. When the train runs in a single formation, it is fixed to supply power from the first end. After connecting the whole vehicle state in series, the train-related state signals are obtained at the second end. When running in multiple formations, according to the characteristic that the first end of the front vehicle is always connected to the second end of the rear vehicle in the multiple-unit formation, using the coupling state, the power supply of the first end of the coupled vehicle is automatically cut off, and at the same time the circuit is connected to the second end of the front vehicle to realize the state detection of the multiple-unit train.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, the front and rear vehicles of the train of the present application are connected by an electric coupler head, and the pins of the electric coupler head connector are correspondingly connected together; the connector pins for connecting the front and rear trains include P1, P2, P3, P4, P5...; each pin includes two, that is, pin P1 includes pins P11, P12; pin P2 includes pins P21, P2; pin P3 includes pins P31, P32; pin P4 includes pins P41, P42; pin P5 includes P51, P51, where the pins P11 and P12 within the same connector are short-circuited together; P21, P22 are short-circuited together; P32 and P41 are short-circuited together; P51 and P52 are short-circuited together. After the connectors between the front and rear vehicles are connected together, the pins are mirror-linked, that is, P11 is connected to P12 of the other connected train; P12 is connected to P11 of the other train. Similarly, for P2, P3, P4, P5 terminals.

[0027] As Figure 1Each train in the flexible formation train shown includes a first end circuit, a second end circuit, and an electric hook head connector; when flexibly forming a formation, the second end circuit of the previous train is connected to the first end circuit of the next train through the electric hook head connector; the first end circuit includes a circuit breaker CB1 and a relay K1; the second end includes a circuit breaker CB2 and a relay K2; the electric hook head connector includes connector pins Pin1, Pin2, Pin3, and Pin4;

[0028] When flexibly forming a formation, the connector pins between the front and rear trains are correspondingly connected together; the power supply V+ is connected to one end of the normally closed contact C1 of the relay K1 and the Pin31 pin of the first end connector through the circuit breaker CB1 respectively; the other end of the normally closed contact C1 is connected to the Pin11 pin or P12 (P11 and P12 are short-circuited, so any pin can be connected) of the first end side connector through the normally open contact C2 of the relay K1; the connector Pin2 (either P21 or P22 pin) is connected to one end of the normally open contact C3 of the relay K1, and the other end of the normally open contact C3 is led out to the status signal terminal through the normally closed contact C4 of the relay K1 and connected to the TCMS module; the Pin42 pin of the first end side connector is connected to the power supply V- through the coil of the relay K1; the pin P32 and the pin P41 of the first end are short-circuited together;

[0029] The power supply V+ is connected to the Pin31 pin of the second end side connector through the circuit breaker CB2; the terminal led out between the normally closed contact C1 and the normally open contact C2 is connected to the Pin1 (P11 or P12) pin of the second end connector through the normally open contact C8 of the relay K2; the connector pin Pin2 (either P21 or P22) of the second end is connected to one end of the normally closed contact C7 of the relay K2 through the normally open contact C9 of the relay K2, and the other end of the normally closed contact C7 is connected between the normally open contact C2 and the normally closed contact C1; the Pin42 pin of the second end connector is connected to the power supply V- through the coil of the relay K2; the pin P32 and the pin P41 of the second end are short-circuited together;

[0030] The status signal switches of the train are connected in series with each other, and one end is connected between the normally open contact C3 and the normally closed contact C4 in the first end circuit of the train, and the other end is connected between the normally closed contact C7 and the normally open contact C9 in the second end circuit of the train; the mutually connected series status signal switches of the train are S1…Sn;

[0031] In the front and rear connected trains, the connector pins Pin1, Pin2, Pin3, and Pin4 are correspondingly connected. Among them, the power supply V+ at the second end of the previous train conducts the relay K2 of the previous train through the connector pins of the two connected trains; the power supply V+ at the first end of the next train conducts the relay K1 of the next train through the connector pins of the two connected trains.

[0032] The TCMS module determines whether the state of the flexible formation train is normal according to the signals sent by the state signal terminals. When S1…Sn are normal, S1…Sn are closed, the circuit is turned on, and the TCMS module can detect the corresponding electrical signals to judge the state monitoring. When any state is abnormal, the corresponding switch Sn is disconnected, and the TCMS module cannot detect the corresponding signal, then it judges that the state signal is faulty. At this time, an alarm can be issued or the vehicle start can be prohibited, etc.

[0033] In this application, it is mainly utilized that the connector pins of the train are all a pair of pins. When the front and rear trains are connected, a pair of pins in the pins of the front train are mirror-connected to a pair of pins of the corresponding pins of the rear train. A state detection unit of relay K1 and a state monitoring unit of relay K2 are respectively arranged on each train to respectively monitor the states of the coils and contacts of relays K1 and K2. The state detection unit of relay K1 and the state monitoring unit of relay K2 are respectively connected to the TCMS module. The TCMS module monitors and collects the states of the coils and contacts of relays K1 and K2. The output end of the TCMS module is connected to the alarm module to issue an alarm signal when the states of the coils and contacts of relays K1 and K2 are inconsistent.

[0034] The state detection unit of relay K1 includes: leading out a K1 coil on-off state terminal in the coil circuit of relay K1 and connecting it to the acquisition end of the TCMS module; leading out a K1 contact state terminal between Pin4 and the K1 coil and connecting it to the TCMS module through the normally open contact C6; the TCMS module judges the states of the K1 relay coil and contact according to the signals of the K1 coil on-off state terminal and the K1 contact state terminal.

[0035] The state detection unit of relay K2 includes: leading out a K2 coil on-off state terminal in the coil circuit of relay K2 and connecting it to the acquisition end of the TCMS module; leading out a K2 contact state terminal between Pin4 and the K2 coil and connecting it to the TCMS module through the normally open contact C11; the TCMS module judges the states of the K2 relay coil and contact according to the signals of the K2 coil on-off state terminal and the K2 contact state terminal.

[0036] The state signal switches of the train include: signal switches corresponding to all doors closed, all doors locked, all parking brakes applied, all service brakes applied, and all service brakes released signals.

[0037] Such as Figure 1Among them, ECP1 / ECP2: Electric coupler 1 / 2; CB1 / CB2: Circuit breaker; K1 / K2: Relay coil; V+ / V-: Power supply positive / negative; END1 / END2: One end / two ends of the train; TCMS: Train control and management system; C1 / C4: Normally closed contacts of K1 relay; C2 / C3 / C5 / C6: Normally open contacts of K1 relay; C7: Normally closed contact of K2 relay; C8 / C9 / C10 / C11: Normally open contacts of K2 relay; Pin**: Connector pin of the coupler head; S*: Status of a single device or function.

[0038] Circuit principle:

[0039] When the vehicle is in single formation, the coils of K1 and K2 are both in the unactivated state, the states of C1 - C11 remain unchanged, and the circuit breakers CB1 and CB2 are in the closed and conducting state. The current flows through CB1 → C1 → C7 → S* → C4 → TCMS, enabling the train control and management system to monitor the relevant states. At the same time, TCMS monitors and collects the states of the coils and contacts of K1 and K2 relays. When the states are inconsistent, an alarm can be issued. When any functional state Sn fails and its switch disconnects, TCMS can execute the corresponding protection strategy; if TCMS detects a signal, it indicates that S1 - Sn are all normal, and the vehicle can be started normally, and TCMS can execute the corresponding normal strategy.

[0040] This application is applicable to formation vehicles. That is, after the front and rear vehicles are formed and connected through the coupler head connector, the corresponding pins are connected together, automatically connecting the entire circuit into one circuit, realizing the series connection of S1 - Sn of each vehicle with S1 - Sn of another vehicle. This means that TCMS can automatically detect the signals after the series connection of S1 - Sn of all vehicles after formation. When the corresponding status switch in any S1 - SN of any vehicle disconnects, TCMS module detects the corresponding disconnection signal, can determine that a certain function in the vehicle is not completed, and can execute the corresponding protection strategy, such as prohibiting the vehicle from starting.

[0041] Such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it is a connection schematic diagram of two trains before and after. After the two trains (Train1 and Train2) are coupled, a new formation train is formed. The ECP2 of Train1 is automatically connected to the ECP1 of Train2. The ECP is mirrored during connection. P11 / P12, P21 / P22, P31 / P32, P41 / P42, P51 / P52 are 5 groups of mirrored contacts.

[0042] Circuit principle:

[0043] After the connection of the two formations is completed, K2 of Train1 is activated, and the current path is CB2(Train1) → Pin31 of ECP2(Train1) → Pin32 of ECP1(Train2) → Pin41 of ECP1(Train2) → Pin42 of ECP2(Train1) → K2(Train1), and the normally open and normally closed states of its contacts (C6~C9) change, as Figure 2 shown.

[0044] K1 of Train2 is also activated, and the current path is CB1(Train2) → Pin31 of ECP1(Train2) → Pin32 of ECP2(Train1) → Pin41 of ECP2(Train1) → Pin42 of ECP1(Train2) → K1(Train2), and the normally open and normally closed states of its contacts (C1~C5) change, as Figure 2 shown.

[0045] C1 of Train2 is in an open circuit state and cannot supply power to the circuit continuously. The current path of the train status detection circuit of the newly formed formation is: CB1(Train1) → C1(Train1) → C8(Train1) → C2(Train2) → C7(Train2) → S*(Train2) → C3(Train2) → C9(Train1) → S*(Train1) → C4(Train1) → TCMS, and the train status detection of the two - formation train is realized.

[0046] The principle of train status detection for more than two formations is the same as that of two formations. It can be considered that the two - formation train is the train that is connected first in the front and back of the multi - formation train, and its principle is the same.

[0047] The devices involved in the circuit in the present invention mainly include a circuit breaker, a trolley coupler head, and a relay. Among them, the circuit breaker is a necessary protection device for the vehicle circuit, and the trolley coupler head is a basic configuration for a flexible - formation train fleet. Therefore, the present invention greatly simplifies the circuit devices.

[0048] The circuit design makes full use of the characteristics of the connection of flexible - formation trains, that is, the second end of the front train is connected to the first end of the rear train, and based on this characteristic, the contacts of K1 and K2 relays are combined and applied to realize the function of detecting the status of flexible - formation trains.

[0049] TCMS also monitors and compares the power supply at the front end of the relay coil and the normally open contact of the relay. Once the two signals are inconsistent, it indicates a relay or line fault, and relevant operators or maintenance personnel are notified in time for fault troubleshooting and repair.

[0050] Figure 1The circuit can be used as a fixed structure for detecting the state of a flexible formation train. In specific applications, only the states of the units need to be corresponded to S1~Sn within the dashed box, where n represents the number of functional units to be detected on the smallest formation train. For example, if a smallest formation train has 4 bogies and all parking brake release states of the train need to be detected, then n is 4 at this time. S1 corresponds to the parking brake release state of the No. 1 bogie, S2 corresponds to the parking brake release state of the No. 2 bogie, and so on. By connecting S1~S4 to the circuit, TCMS can obtain the states of whether all parking brakes of the train are released. The corresponding common functions also include: all doors closed, all doors locked, all parking brakes applied, all service brakes applied, all service brakes released, etc.

[0051] The present invention is applicable to multi-formation trains. Once the corresponding pins are connected together after the vehicles are connected, the S1-Sn of each vehicle can be connected in series, so as to realize the series connection of all state signal switches in the formation vehicles, and thus realize the series detection of all signals. When any state switch is disconnected, the protection strategy can be started, realizing the detection state switch function of the present application. The specific advantages include: First, other unnecessary control logics in the circuit are removed. Only one relay and one circuit breaker are used at the single end of the train, reducing the cost of components and the probability of the train circuit failure caused by component failures.

[0052] Secondly, through the differential circuit design at both ends of the train, when multiple vehicles are connected in formation and running, if the principle of connecting the second end of the front vehicle to the first end of the rear vehicle is not followed, the circuit cannot be conducted, then the train state is in an open circuit and the train cannot move, increasing the safety guarantee.

[0053] In addition, this circuit is not only applicable to the operation requirements of flexible formation fleets, but also applicable to rescue working conditions.

[0054] Finally, the circuit controls the relay at this end by using the coupler connection state at this end, does not rely on mechanical devices such as limit switches, and has high reliability. At the same time, for rescue working conditions, if the circuit of the vehicle to be rescued fails and the electric coupler head is cut off, the circuit will not be conducted, avoiding the spread of the failure of the vehicle to be rescued.

[0055] Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above methods. As long as various non-substantive improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A state detection circuit for a flexible formation train, characterized in that: Each train in the flexible formation train includes a one - end circuit, a two - end circuit, and an electric coupler connector; when flexibly forming a train, the two - end circuit of the previous train is connected to the one - end circuit of the next train through the electric coupler connector; the one - end circuit includes a circuit breaker CB1 and a relay K1; the two - end circuit includes a circuit breaker CB2 and a relay K2; the electric coupler connector includes connector pins Pin1, Pin2, Pin3, and Pin4; When flexibly forming a train, the connector pins between the front and rear trains are correspondingly connected together; the power supply V+ is connected to one end of the normally - closed contact C1 of the relay K1 and the Pin3 pin of the one - end connector through the circuit breaker CB1 respectively; the other end of the normally - closed contact C1 is connected to the Pin1 pin of the one - end side connector through the normally - open contact C2 of the relay K1; the Pin2 pin of the connector is connected to one end of the normally - open contact C3 of the relay K1, and the other end of the normally - open contact C3 is led out to a status signal terminal through the normally - closed contact C4 of the relay K1 and connected to the TCMS module; the Pin4 pin of the one - end side connector is connected to the power supply V - through the coil of the relay K1; The power supply V+ is connected to the Pin3 pin of the two - end side connector through the circuit breaker CB2; A terminal led out between the normally - closed contact C1 and the normally - open contact C2 is connected to the Pin1 pin of the two - end connector through the normally - open contact C8 of the relay K2; the Pin2 pin of the two - end connector is connected to one end of the normally - closed contact C7 of the relay K2 through the normally - open contact C9 of the relay K2, and the other end of the normally - closed contact C7 is connected between the normally - open contact C2 and the normally - closed contact C1; the Pin4 pin of the two - end connector is connected to the power supply V - through the coil of the relay K2; The state signal switches of the train are connected in series with each other, and one end is connected between the normally - open contact C3 and the normally - closed contact C4 in the one - end circuit of the train, and the other end is connected between the normally - closed contact C7 and the normally - open contact C9 in the two - end circuit of the train; In the front - and - rear connected trains, the connector pins Pin1, Pin2, Pin3, and Pin4 are correspondingly connected. Among them, the power supply V+ of the two - end of the previous train conducts the relay K2 of the previous train through the connector pins of the two connected trains; the power supply V+ of the one - end of the next train conducts the relay K1 of the next train through the connector pins of the two connected trains.

2. A state detection circuit for a flexible formation train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The TCMS module judges whether the state of the flexible formation train is normal according to the signal sent by the status signal terminal.

3. A state detection circuit for a flexible formation train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: All the connector pins of the train are a pair of pins. When the front and rear trains are connected, a pair of pins in the pins of the previous train are mirror - connected to a pair of corresponding pins in the next train.

4. A state detection circuit for a flexible formation train according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: On each train, a status detection unit for relay K1 and a status monitoring unit for relay K2 are respectively provided, which are used to monitor the status of the coils and contacts of relays K1 and K2 respectively.

5. A status detection circuit for a flexible formation train as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The status detection unit of relay K1 and the status monitoring unit of relay K2 are respectively connected to the TCMS module. The TCMS module monitors and collects the status of the coils and contacts of relays K1 and K2. The output end of the TCMS module is connected to the alarm module, which is used to send an alarm signal when the status of the coils and contacts of relays K1 and K2 is inconsistent.

6. A status detection circuit for a flexible formation train as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The status detection unit of relay K1 includes: a K1 coil on-off status terminal is led out in the coil circuit of relay K1 and connected to the acquisition end of the TCMS module; a K1 contact status terminal is led out between Pin4 and the K1 coil and is connected to the TCMS module through the normally open contact C6; the TCMS module determines the status of the K1 relay coil and contact according to the signals of the K1 coil on-off status terminal and the K1 contact status terminal.

7. A status detection circuit for a flexible formation train as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The status detection unit of relay K2 includes: a K2 coil on-off status terminal is led out in the coil circuit of relay K2 and connected to the acquisition end of the TCMS module; a K2 contact status terminal is led out between Pin4 and the K2 coil and is connected to the TCMS module through the normally open contact C11; the TCMS module determines the status of the K2 relay coil and contact according to the signals of the K2 coil on-off status terminal and the K2 contact status terminal.

8. A status detection circuit for a flexible formation train as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The status signal switches of the train include: signal switches corresponding to all doors closed, all doors locked, all parking brakes applied, all service brakes applied, and all service brakes released signals.

9. A flexible formation train, characterized in that: The flexible formation train uses a status detection circuit for a flexible formation train as claimed in any one of claims 1-8 to detect the status signals of each train.

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