Airbag structure for preventing tunnel flooding and collapse and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an airbag structure for preventing tunnel from flooding and collapse. The airbag structure is arranged in the tunnel and comprises: a main structure airbag, which is arranged in the center position, and a plurality of main structure airbag inflation tubes are fixedly arranged in the main structure airbag, and one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube extends to the outside of the main structure airbag, and one or more water pressure release tubes are arranged on the main structure airbag; a secondary structure airbag, the number of which is set to four, and the four secondary structure airbags are arranged on the outside of the main structure airbag. When the airbag structure is expanded, the inner side surface of the secondary structure airbag fits with the outer side surface of the main structure airbag, and the outer side surface of the secondary structure airbag fits with the inner surface of the tunnel to fill and block the entire tunnel section, and a plurality of secondary structure airbag inflation tubes are arranged in the secondary structure airbag; a plurality of tie tubes are evenly spaced in the main structure airbag, and are adhered and consolidated with the main structure airbag, so as to restrict the main structure airbag from expanding along the front-rear longitudinal direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel disaster prevention and emergency rescue, and in particular to an air bag structure for preventing tunnel flooding and collapse and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At the beginning of the tunnel construction project, a large amount of data collection and feasibility investigation research on the site selection and geology of the tunnel was carried out. From the perspective of the overall economy and society, frequent disasters and difficult construction scenarios were actively avoided as much as possible. However, the disaster response at the beginning of the tunnel design was based on historical disaster statistics, and the extreme design was carried out based on the probability prediction of different disaster levels. Therefore, whether in construction or normal use, the tunnel still faces the risk of rare natural disasters and random man-made disasters.

[0003] Tunnels are concealed structures, most of which are located in the surrounding rock and soil constraints below the surface. If they are constructed according to the current design methods, the structural bearing capacity and safety can be guaranteed. Tunnel disasters generally originate from two aspects: natural and human factors of non-structural bearing capacity. Natural disasters are the main cause of accidents, while human factors can be effectively avoided through standardized management and technological improvement. The causes and manifestations of natural disasters are complex and diverse, resulting in differences in the severity and duration of disaster impacts.

[0004] In view of the disasters such as tunnel flooding and subway flooding that have occurred in recent years, it is very necessary to invent a device that can quickly respond to and block backflow of water in view of the inherent vulnerability of tunnels in the face of floods. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an air bag structure for preventing tunnel from flooding and collapse, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an airbag structure for preventing tunnel flooding and collapse, the airbag structure is arranged in the tunnel, and the airbag structure comprises:

[0007] The main structure airbag is arranged at the center, a plurality of main structure airbag inflation tubes are fixedly arranged in the main structure airbag, and one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube extends to the outside of the main structure airbag, and one or more water pressure release tubes are arranged on the main structure airbag;

[0008] The number of the secondary structure airbags is set to four. The four secondary structure airbags are arranged outside the main structure airbag. Each secondary structure airbag is composed of a plurality of small airbags. The plurality of small airbags are connected together by hot melting. When the airbag structure is expanded, the inner side of the secondary structure airbag fits with the outer side of the main structure airbag, and the outer side of the secondary structure airbag fits with the inner surface of the tunnel to fill and block the entire tunnel section. A plurality of secondary structure airbag inflation tubes are arranged in the secondary structure airbag, and one end of the secondary structure airbag inflation tube extends to the outside of the secondary structure airbag;

[0009] Tie tubes, multiple tie tubes are evenly spaced inside the main structure airbag and bonded and consolidated with the main structure airbag to constrain the main structure airbag from expanding in the front-rear longitudinal direction.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, when the tunnel cross-section is square, the main structural airbag adopts a cylindrical structure, the secondary structural airbags are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the main structural airbag, the inner side of the secondary structural airbag is constructed as an arc shape, which is used to fit with the outer side of the main structural airbag, and the outer side of the secondary structural airbag is constructed as a horizontal portion and a vertical portion that are perpendicular to each other. The outer sides of the four secondary structural airbags respectively fit with the four corners of the tunnel cross-section.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, when the tunnel cross-section is circular, auxiliary structure airbags are arranged at four positions equidistantly outside the main structure airbag, and the main structure airbag and the four auxiliary structure airbags are jointly constructed to form a cylindrical outer surface that fits the inner surface of the tunnel.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the secondary structure airbag inflation tube and the main structure airbag inflation tube adopt the same structure, and the length of the secondary structure airbag inflation tube and the main structure airbag inflation tube is respectively greater than the thickness between the front and rear end surfaces of the main structure airbag and the secondary structure airbag.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube is a closed end of the inflation tube, and the other end is an inflation tube joint. Multiple groups of inflation holes are opened on the main structure airbag inflation tube, and the inflation tube joint is connected to canned compressed gas or an air pump to inflate the main structure airbag to an allowable pressure.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the main structure airbag inflation tube also includes an inflation tube outer liner and an inflation tube inner liner arranged inside the inflation tube outer liner. A plurality of inflation holes are provided on the inflation tube outer liner. A gravity detonator is provided at the end of the inflation tube inner liner. The interior is filled with liquid nitrogen. The main structure airbag inflation tube adopts an inflation tube plug to seal the inflation tube joint.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the membrane materials of the main structure airbag and the secondary structure airbag are, from outside to inside, a hardened moisture-proof layer, a water-swelling layer, an elastic rubber layer, and a fiber silk fabric bonding layer, wherein the hardened moisture-proof layer is used to protect the water-swelling layer from moisture failure when the airbag structure is in a non-working storage state, the hardened moisture-proof layer shatters when the airbag is inflated, exposing the water-swelling layer inside it, and the water-swelling layer is used to increase the friction coefficient with the inner wall of the tunnel after expansion, and the elastic rubber layer and the fiber silk fabric bonding layer together provide elasticity to the airbag structure.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the small airbag and the main structure airbag are made of the same material, and the minimum cross-sectional diameter of the small airbag is 40 cm.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the water-facing surface of the airbag structure of the water pressure release pipe is the opening end of the water pressure release pipe, and the water-removing surface is the water pressure release pipe joint. The water pressure release pipe is used to discharge water outside the tunnel.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned airbag structure for preventing tunnel flooding and collapse, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Design corresponding main structure airbags and secondary structure airbags according to different tunnel cross-section shapes;

[0020] The main structure airbag and the secondary structure airbag are combined into a whole and arranged in the tunnel;

[0021] The main structure airbag and the auxiliary structure airbag are inflated by using the main structure airbag inflation tube and the auxiliary structure airbag inflation tube respectively. When the airbag structure is expanded, the outer surface constructed by the main structure airbag and the four auxiliary structure airbags fits with the inner surface of the tunnel to fill and block the entire tunnel section.

[0022] Among them, the structure and inflation method of the main structure airbag inflation tube and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube are selected according to different usage scenarios, including:

[0023] In the scenario of sudden backflow, one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube are both closed ends of the inflation tube, and the other end is an inflation tube joint. The main structure airbag inflation tube and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube both include an inflation tube outer liner and an inflation tube inner liner arranged inside the inflation tube outer liner. Multiple groups of inflation holes are provided on the inflation tube outer liner. A gravity detonator is provided at the end of the inflation tube inner liner, which is filled with liquid nitrogen. The main structure airbag inflation tube uses an inflation tube plug to seal the inflation tube joint. When the gravity detonator is activated after sensing the weightless impact, the inflation tube inner liner is damaged by the shaped energy explosion, and the internal liquid nitrogen is released through the inflation hole to fill the entire airbag.

[0024] In the slow backflow scenario, one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube are both closed ends of the inflation tube, and the other end is an inflation tube joint. Multiple groups of inflation holes are opened on the main structure airbag inflation tube and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube. The inflation tube joint is connected to the canned compressed gas or air pump, and inflated to the allowable pressure.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention arranges an airbag structure according to different backflow scenarios and tunnels with different cross-sectional shapes. The airbag structure of the present invention arranges a main structure airbag and a secondary structure airbag. The secondary structure airbag can make up for the gap caused by the rapid expansion of the main structure airbag and the inner surface of the tunnel, so that the surface of the airbag structure can be completely fitted with the inner surface of the tunnel, thereby realizing the barrier function of the tunnel section. The present invention also utilizes a tie tube to constrain the front and rear longitudinal deformation of the main structure airbag, so that it expands along the tunnel section. The airbag structure of the present invention can meet the characteristics of safety, simple operation, adaptation to tunnels of different styles, and diverse inflation mechanisms. It can play an isolation and support role in backflow, water gushing and collapse in the tunnel, and can ensure the safety of personnel to the greatest extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the arrangement of the main structure airbag and the secondary structure airbag according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic plan view of an airbag structure according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the application of an airbag structure in a square tunnel according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure airbag inflation tube of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the main structure airbag inflation tube of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the airbag membrane structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a water pressure release pipe of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the application of an airbag in a circular tunnel according to another specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. The embodiments of the present invention and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is an airbag structure for preventing tunnel flooding and collapse. The airbag structure is arranged in the tunnel, and the airbag structure includes a main structure airbag 1, a secondary structure airbag 2 and a tie tube 3. The main structure airbag 1 is arranged at the center, and a plurality of main structure airbag inflation tubes 11 are fixedly arranged in the main structure airbag 1, and one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube 11 extends to the outside of the main structure airbag 1, and one or more water pressure release tubes 4 are arranged on the main structure airbag 1. The number of secondary structure airbags 2 is set to four, and the four secondary structure airbags 2 are arranged at equal intervals on the outside of the main structure airbag 1, and each secondary structure airbag 2 is composed of a plurality of small airbags 201. When the airbag structure is expanded, the inner side of the secondary structure airbag 2 fits with the outer side of the main structure airbag 1, and the outer side of the secondary structure airbag 2 fits with the inner surface of the tunnel. The secondary structure airbag can make up for the gap caused by the rapid expansion of the main structure airbag 1 and the inner surface of the tunnel, so as to fill and block the entire tunnel section. A plurality of secondary structure airbag inflation tubes 21 are arranged in the secondary structure airbag 2, and one end of the secondary structure airbag inflation tube 21 extends out of the secondary structure airbag 2. In order to prevent synchronous expansion in all directions during inflation, a tie tube 3 is arranged. The plurality of tie tubes 3 are evenly spaced in the main structure airbag 1 and are bonded and consolidated with the main structure airbag 1. The tie tube 3 is made of rigid material and can resist stretching. When the airbag is inflated, the length of the tie tube 3 remains unchanged, which can restrain the front and rear longitudinal deformation of the airbag, so that the main structure airbag is inflated along the tunnel section.

[0037] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, when the cross-section of the tunnel 5 is a square, the main structure airbag 1 adopts a cylindrical structure, the secondary structure airbags 2 are equidistantly arranged on the outer side of the main structure airbag 1, the inner side of the secondary structure airbag 2 is constructed in an arc shape, which is used to fit with the outer side of the main structure airbag 1, and the outer side of the secondary structure airbag 2 is constructed as a horizontal part and a vertical part that are perpendicular to each other. The outer sides of the four secondary structure airbags 2 are respectively fitted with the four corners of the tunnel section.

[0038] Furthermore, the secondary structure airbag inflation tube 21 and the main structure airbag inflation tube 11 adopt the same structure, and the length of the secondary structure airbag inflation tube 21 and the main structure airbag inflation tube 11 are respectively greater than the thickness between the front and rear end surfaces of the main structure airbag 1 and the secondary structure airbag 2. During the inflation process, the main structure airbag 1 generally expands first, and then the secondary structure airbag 2 continues to expand, so as to fill the entire tunnel section with maximum efficiency.

[0039] Furthermore, one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube 11 is an inflation tube closed end 113 , and the other end is an inflation tube joint 114 . The main structure airbag inflation tube 11 is provided with a plurality of inflation holes 117 .

[0040] The airbag structure can be divided into rapid backflow and slow backflow according to the usage scenario. In the slow backflow scenario, the inflation pipe joint 114 is connected to the canned compressed gas or the air pump to inflate the main structure airbag 1 to the allowable pressure. In the rapid backflow scenario, the main structure airbag inflation tube 11 uses the inflation pipe plug 115 to block the inflation pipe joint 114. The main structure airbag inflation tube 11 also includes an inflation tube outer liner 111 and an inflation tube inner liner 112 arranged therein. The inflation tube outer liner 111 is provided with multiple groups of inflation holes 117. The end of the inflation tube inner liner 112 is provided with a gravity detonator 116, which is filled with liquid nitrogen. The gravity detonator 116 is activated after sensing the weightless impact, and the inflation tube inner liner 112 is damaged by the shaped explosion, and the internal liquid nitrogen is released through the inflation hole 117, thereby filling the entire airbag. The inflation tube outer liner 111 plays the detonation protection function of the gravity detonator 116.

[0041] Furthermore, the membrane materials of the main structure airbag 1 and the secondary structure airbag 2 are respectively hardened moisture-proof layer 1011, water-expandable layer 1012, elastic rubber layer 1013 and fiber silk fabric binding layer 1014 from outside to inside. Among them, the hardened moisture-proof layer 1011 is used to protect the water-expandable layer 1012 from moisture failure when the airbag structure is not in operation and storage state. The hardened moisture-proof layer 1011 is broken when the airbag is inflated, and the water-expandable layer 1012 inside is exposed. After expansion, the water-expandable layer 1012 is used to increase the friction coefficient with the inner wall of the tunnel, increase the friction force, and prevent the blocking water pressure from pushing the airbag to produce displacement. The elastic rubber layer 1013 and the fiber silk fabric binding layer 1014 jointly provide elasticity for the airbag structure.

[0042] Furthermore, the small airbags 201 and the main structure airbags 1 are made of the same material, and several small airbags 201 are connected together by hot-melt material. The number of small airbags 201 is determined according to the fitting cross-sectional shape of the tunnel. There are many small airbags in the corners of the tunnel and their volume is small. The minimum cross-sectional diameter of the divided small airbags 201 is 40 cm.

[0043] Further, such as Figure 8 As shown, the water-facing surface of the airbag structure of the water pressure release pipe 4 is the water pressure release pipe opening end 401, and the water-removing surface is the water pressure release pipe joint 402. The water pressure release pipe 4 is used to discharge water outside the tunnel, and its position and quantity can be designed according to specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] In this embodiment, if Figure 8As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that, when the cross-section of the tunnel 5 is circular, secondary structure airbags 2 are arranged at four equal intervals on the outside of the main structure airbag 1, and the main structure airbag 1 and the four secondary structure airbags 2 are jointly constructed into a cylindrical outer surface that fits the inner surface of the tunnel.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] The present invention also provides a method for using the airbag structure to prevent tunnel flooding and collapse, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Design corresponding main structure airbag 1 and secondary structure airbag 2 according to different tunnel cross-sectional shapes;

[0049] The main structure airbag 1 and the secondary structure airbag 2 are combined into a whole and arranged in the tunnel;

[0050] The main structure airbag 1 and the secondary structure airbag 2 are inflated by using the main structure airbag inflation tube 11 and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube 21 respectively. When the airbag structure is expanded, the outer surface constructed by the main structure airbag 1 and the four secondary structure airbags 2 fits with the inner surface of the tunnel to fill and block the entire tunnel section.

[0051] Among them, the structures and inflation methods of the main structure airbag inflation tube 11 and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube 21 are selected according to different usage scenarios, including:

[0052] In the sudden backflow scenario, one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube 11 and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube 21 are both inflation tube closed ends 113, and the other end is an inflation tube joint 114. The main structure airbag inflation tube 11 and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube 21 both include an inflation tube outer liner 111 and an inflation tube inner liner 112 arranged therein. The inflation tube outer liner 111 is provided with a plurality of groups of inflation holes 117. A gravity detonator 116 is arranged at the end of the inflation tube inner liner 112, and the interior is filled with liquid nitrogen. The main structure airbag inflation tube 11 adopts an inflation tube plug 115 to block the inflation tube joint 114. When the gravity detonator 116 is activated after sensing the weightless impact, the inflation tube inner liner 112 is damaged by the shaped energy explosion, and the internal liquid nitrogen is released through the inflation hole 117 to fill the entire airbag.

[0053] In the slow backflow scenario, one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube 11 and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube 21 are both inflation tube closed ends 113, and the other end is an inflation tube joint 114. Multiple groups of inflation holes 117 are provided on the main structure airbag inflation tube 11 and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube 21. The inflation tube joint 114 is connected to bottled compressed gas or an air pump and inflated to an allowable pressure.

[0054] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for using an airbag structure to prevent tunnel flooding and collapse, characterized in that: The airbag structure is arranged in a tunnel, and comprises: A main structure airbag (1) is arranged at a central position, a plurality of main structure airbag inflation tubes (11) are fixedly arranged inside the main structure airbag (1), and one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube (11) extends to the outside of the main structure airbag (1), and one or more water pressure release tubes (4) are arranged on the main structure airbag (1); A secondary structure airbag (2), the number of which is set to four, the four secondary structure airbags (2) are equidistantly arranged outside the main structure airbag (1), each of the secondary structure airbags (2) is composed of a plurality of small airbags (201), and the plurality of small airbags (201) are connected together by hot melting, and when the airbag structure is expanded, the inner side surface of the secondary structure airbag (2) is in contact with the outer side surface of the main structure airbag (1), and the outer side surface of the secondary structure airbag (2) is in contact with the inner surface of the tunnel, so as to fill and block the entire tunnel section, and a plurality of secondary structure airbag inflation tubes (21) are arranged inside the secondary structure airbag (2), and one end of the secondary structure airbag inflation tube (21) extends to the outside of the secondary structure airbag (2); A tie tube (3), wherein a plurality of the tie tubes (3) are evenly spaced and arranged in the main structure airbag (1), and are bonded and fixed to the main structure airbag (1), so as to restrict the main structure airbag (1) from expanding in the front-rear longitudinal direction; Furthermore, the method for using the airbag structure comprises the following steps: Designing corresponding main structure airbags (1) and secondary structure airbags (2) according to different tunnel cross-sectional shapes; The main structure airbag (1) and the secondary structure airbag (2) are combined into a whole and arranged in a tunnel; The main structure airbag (1) and the secondary structure airbag (2) are inflated using a main structure airbag inflation tube (11) and a secondary structure airbag inflation tube (21) respectively. When the airbag structure is inflated, the outer surface jointly constructed by the main structure airbag (1) and the four secondary structure airbags (2) fits with the inner surface of the tunnel, so as to fill and block the entire tunnel section. Wherein, the structures and inflation methods of the corresponding main structure airbag inflation tube (11) and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube (21) are selected according to different usage scenarios, including: In a sudden backflow scenario, one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube (11) and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube (21) is an inflation tube closed end (113), and the other end is an inflation tube joint (114). The main structure airbag inflation tube (11) and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube (21) both include an inflation tube outer liner (111) and an inflation tube inner liner (112) disposed therein. The inflation tube outer liner (111) is provided with a plurality of inflation holes. (117), a gravity detonator (116) is provided at the end of the inflation tube liner (112), the interior of which is filled with liquid nitrogen, and the inflation tube (11) of the main structure airbag is sealed with an inflation tube plug (115) to seal the inflation tube joint (114), and when the gravity detonator (116) is activated after sensing the weightlessness impact, the inflation tube liner (112) is damaged by the shaped-energy explosion, and the internal liquid nitrogen is released through the inflation hole (117) to fill the entire airbag; In a slow backflow scenario, one end of the main structure airbag inflation tube (11) and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube (21) are both inflation tube closed ends (113), and the other end is an inflation tube joint (114). The main structure airbag inflation tube (11) and the secondary structure airbag inflation tube (21) are both provided with a plurality of groups of inflation holes (117). The inflation tube joint (114) is connected to a canned compressed gas or an air pump and is inflated to an allowable pressure.

2. The method for using the airbag structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the tunnel cross section is square, the main structure airbag (1) adopts a cylindrical structure, the secondary structure airbags (2) are arranged at equal distances on the outer side surface of the main structure airbag (1), the inner side surface of the secondary structure airbag (2) is constructed in an arc shape for fitting with the outer side surface of the main structure airbag (1), the outer side surface of the secondary structure airbag (2) is constructed as a horizontal part and a vertical part perpendicular to each other, and the outer side surfaces of the four secondary structure airbags (2) are respectively fitted with the four corners of the tunnel cross section.

3. The method for using the airbag structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the tunnel cross-section is circular, the secondary structure airbags (2) are arranged at four positions at equal intervals outside the main structure airbag (1), and the main structure airbag (1) and the four secondary structure airbags (2) are jointly constructed to form a cylindrical outer surface that fits the inner surface of the tunnel.

4. The method for using the airbag structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The secondary structure airbag inflation tube (21) and the primary structure airbag inflation tube (11) have the same structure, and the lengths of the secondary structure airbag inflation tube (21) and the primary structure airbag inflation tube (11) are respectively greater than the thickness between the front and rear end surfaces of the primary structure airbag (1) and the secondary structure airbag (2).

5. The method for using the airbag structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the main structure airbag inflation tube (11) is an inflation tube closed end (113), and the other end is an inflation tube joint (114). The main structure airbag inflation tube (11) is provided with a plurality of groups of inflation holes (117). The inflation tube joint (114) is connected to canned compressed gas or an air pump so that the main structure airbag (1) is inflated to an allowable pressure.

6. The method for using the airbag structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the main structure airbag inflation tube (11) is an inflation tube closed end (113), and the other end is an inflation tube joint (114). The main structure airbag inflation tube (11) further comprises an inflation tube outer liner (111) and an inflation tube inner liner (112) arranged inside the inflation tube outer liner (111). A plurality of groups of inflation holes (117) are provided on the inflation tube outer liner (111). A gravity detonator (116) is provided at the end of the inflation tube inner liner (112), and the interior is filled with liquid nitrogen. The main structure airbag inflation tube (11) uses an inflation tube plug (115) to block the inflation tube joint (114).

7. The method for using the airbag structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The membrane materials of the main structure airbag (1) and the secondary structure airbag (2) are respectively a hardened moisture-proof layer (1011), a water-expandable layer (1012), an elastic rubber layer (1013), and a fiber silk fabric binding layer (1014) from the outside to the inside, wherein the hardened moisture-proof layer (1011) is used to protect the water-expandable layer (1012) from moisture failure when the airbag structure is in a non-operating storage state, the hardened moisture-proof layer (1011) breaks when the airbag is inflated, and the water-expandable layer (1012) inside is exposed, and the water-expandable layer (1012) is used to increase the friction coefficient with the inner wall of the tunnel after expansion, and the elastic rubber layer (1013) and the fiber silk fabric binding layer (1014) together provide elasticity for the airbag structure.

8. The method for using the airbag structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The small airbag (201) and the main structure airbag (1) are made of the same material, and the minimum cross-sectional diameter of the small airbag is 40 cm.

9. The method for using the airbag structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water-facing surface of the airbag structure of the water pressure release pipe (4) is the water pressure release pipe opening end (401), and the water-removing surface is the water pressure release pipe joint (402). The water pressure release pipe (4) is used to discharge water outside the tunnel.

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