A dust control device for a heading machine cutting part

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of tunnel and roadway excavation, and discloses a dust control device for a cutting part of a tunneling machine, which comprises a flow collection and dust control mechanism and a foam dust removal mechanism, the flow collection and dust control mechanism is arranged on the periphery of a cutting arm and located at the joint of the cutting arm and a cutting head, and the foam dust removal mechanism is arranged on the cutting arm and located at the joint of the cutting arm and a tunneling machine body; the dust control device disclosed by the present application can remove dust from the source at the first time after the dust is generated by arranging the flow collection and dust control part, thereby avoiding the continuous movement of dust in space, and the foam ring arranged on the periphery of the flow collection and dust control mechanism can further remove dust that is affected by wind flow and diffused outward, so that the cutting working part of the tunneling machine and dust control and cleaning treatment are combined, the dust concentration is reduced, the environmental cleanliness is improved, the health of workers is protected, and the work efficiency is improved because the dust can be removed at the first time, thereby ensuring the work vision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel and roadway excavation technology, and in particular to a dust control and removal device for the cutting section of a tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] The use of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in tunnel and roadway excavation is becoming increasingly common. High-intensity excavation significantly increases dust generation, with the cutting process being the primary dust-generating step, accounting for approximately 70%-80% of total dust production. Therefore, the cutting area of ​​the TBM requires focused dust control. Currently, dust suppression technologies used at the TBM cutting section are mostly independently arranged spray dust suppression and foam dust removal. The internal and external spray systems integrated into the TBM have proven ineffective in long-term field applications. Other dust control devices are generally separated from the cutting section, relying on dust to be dispersed into the air by the working face airflow before being moistened and settled by dust-suppressing media. This method is significantly slower than dust generation. Since most tunneling faces utilize high-volume positive pressure ventilation, the wind speed at the cutting head dust-generating point is high, causing dust to spread rapidly with the airflow, making dust control difficult and resulting in high residual dust concentrations. This invention combines the cutting work of a tunneling machine with dust control and cleaning, which reduces dust concentration, improves environmental cleanliness, protects the physical and mental health of workers, and also increases visibility at the work site and improves work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust control and removal device for the cutting section of a tunneling machine to solve the problems existing in the prior art. This invention combines the cutting section of the tunneling machine with dust control and cleaning, which reduces dust concentration, improves environmental cleanliness, protects the physical and mental health of workers, and also improves visibility at the working face and increases work efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a dust control and removal device for the cutting section of a tunneling machine, including a dust collection and control mechanism and a foam dust removal mechanism. The dust collection and control mechanism is disposed around the cutting arm and located at the connection between the cutting arm and the cutting head. The foam dust removal mechanism is disposed on the cutting arm and located at the connection between the cutting arm and the tunneling machine body.

[0005] The dust collection and control mechanism includes a dust collection and control section and a dust removal section. The dust collection and control section is installed on the cutting arm, and an anti-static steel wire mesh is installed at the inlet of the dust collection and control section. The dust removal section is located inside the dust collection and control section, and the direction of the dust removal section is towards the airflow inlet of the dust collection and control section. The dust removal section sprays mist droplets to purify the dust-laden airflow.

[0006] The spraying position of the foam dust removal mechanism is located outside the dust collection and control section, and the sprayed foam surrounds the outside of the dust collection and control section.

[0007] Preferably, the dust collection and control unit includes a first dust collection hood and a second dust collection hood, which are arranged vertically to each other and are fixed to the cutting arm by fasteners. An impeller is provided inside the first dust collection hood and is sleeved on the cutting arm and detachably connected to the cutting head. The blades on the impeller are torsional variable cross-section curved surfaces or planar structures.

[0008] Preferably, a connector is fitted on the cutting arm, and an annular groove is formed on the connector. One side of the connector is set close to the cutting head. One sidewall of the annular groove is connected to the cutting head by a fastener, and an impeller is connected to the other sidewall of the annular groove by a fastener.

[0009] Preferably, the blades of the impeller are installed in an orientation that is adjusted according to the rotation direction of the cutting head, so that the component of the normal of the windward side of the blades on the rotation axis always faces the tunneling machine body when the blades rotate, thereby drawing in the dust-laden airflow near the cutting head.

[0010] Preferably, the projection of the impeller blades onto the cross-sectional direction of the cutting arm is approximately a seamless annulus.

[0011] Preferably, the dust removal unit includes a spray pipe that is circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the first and second collector hoods, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles are detachably connected to the spray pipe, and the spray pipe is connected to the atomizing nozzles.

[0012] Preferably, the spray direction of the atomizing nozzle is directed toward the airflow inlet of the first and second flow collectors, respectively, and the angle between the atomizing nozzle and the cross-section of the cutting arm is 5-10°.

[0013] Preferably, the foam dust removal mechanism includes a foam conveying pipe disposed on the cutting arm, and a plurality of foam nozzles are detachably connected to the foam conveying pipe. The foam sprayed by the foam nozzles surrounds the first flow collector, the second flow collector, and the periphery of the cutting head.

[0014] Preferably, the jet pattern of the atomizing nozzle is a flat fan shape.

[0015] Preferably, the spray pattern of the foam nozzle is an arc fan shape.

[0016] This invention discloses the following technical effects: The dust collection and control unit of this invention collects the dust generated by the cutting head and controls the outward diffusion of the dust, while the dust removal unit performs dust suppression treatment on the dust collected by the collection unit. Since the spray direction of the dust removal unit is towards the airflow inlet of the dust collection and control unit, the mist droplets generated by the dust removal unit capture and wet the dust particles in the dust-laden airflow, and at the same time form a water film on the dust collection and control unit. After the dust-laden airflow is obstructed and its direction is changed by the dust collection and control unit, the dust is trapped and wetted by the dust collection and control unit due to inertia, thus purifying the dust-laden airflow; Furthermore, a foam dust removal mechanism is provided at the tail of the cutting arm. The foam dust removal mechanism forms a foam ring on the outside of the cutting head and the dust collection and control mechanism, so that the cutting head is surrounded by the foam ring. In a confined environment, dust generated during cutting can be wetted and settled by foam if it spreads outward due to airflow. The dust control and removal device disclosed in this invention can remove dust from its source as soon as it is generated by setting up a dust collection and control unit, which avoids continuous movement of dust in the space and provides protection for the working environment. At the same time, a foam ring is set around the dust collection and control mechanism to further reduce dust that spreads outward due to airflow. In this way, the cutting work of the tunneling machine and dust control and cleaning are combined into one, which not only reduces the dust concentration and improves the cleanliness of the environment, but also protects the physical and mental health of workers. Furthermore, since the dust can be removed in time, it also ensures the visibility of the workers and improves work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the central dust removal device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller structure in this invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the impeller in Example 2;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a front view of the impeller in Example 2;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the impeller in Example 3;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a front view of the impeller in Example 3;

[0027] Among them, 1-impeller; 101-blade; 2-cutting arm; 3-cutting head; 4-fastener; 5-spray pipe; 6-atomizing nozzle; 7-connector; 701-ring groove; 8-first flow collector; 9-second flow collector; 10-foam delivery pipe; 11-foam nozzle; 12-antistatic wire mesh; 13-tunneling machine body. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Reference Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a dust control and removal device for the cutting section of a tunneling machine, including a dust collection and control mechanism and a foam dust removal mechanism. The dust collection and control mechanism is disposed on the periphery of the cutting arm 2 and is located at the connection between the cutting arm 2 and the cutting head 3. The foam dust removal mechanism is disposed on the cutting arm 2 and is located at the connection between the cutting arm 2 and the tunneling machine body 13.

[0032] The dust collection and control mechanism includes a dust collection and control section and a dust removal section. The dust collection and control section is installed on the cutting arm 2, and the dust control section is located inside the dust collection and control section. The inlet of the dust collection and control section is equipped with an anti-static steel wire mesh 12 to prevent large-diameter fragments generated during the cutting head operation from entering the dust collection and control section and damaging the blades. The dust removal section faces the airflow inlet of the dust collection and control section, and the dust removal section sprays mist droplets to purify the dust-laden airflow.

[0033] The foam dust removal mechanism is positioned outside the dust collection and control section, with the sprayed foam surrounding the outside of the collection section.

[0034] When the cutting head 3 of the tunneling machine cuts, dust is generated as it moves forward. At this time, the dust collection and control unit on the cutting arm 2 rotates accordingly, creating a negative pressure at the cutting head 3. This negative pressure helps to absorb and collect the dust generated during cutting. Simultaneously, the operator's control panel on the tunneling machine activates the dust removal unit. Because the dust removal unit's spray direction is towards the airflow inlet of the dust collection and control unit, the mist generated by the dust removal unit captures and wets the dust particles in the dust-laden airflow. A water film is also formed on the dust collection and control unit. After the dust-laden airflow is obstructed and its direction is changed by the collection unit, the dust is trapped and wetted by the dust collection and control unit due to inertia, thus purifying the dust-laden airflow. Furthermore, a foam dust collector is installed at the tail of the cutting arm 2. The foam dust removal mechanism forms a foam ring on the outside of the cutting head 3 and the dust collection and control mechanism, so that the cutting head 3 cuts within the foam ring. If the generated dust is affected by the airflow and diffuses outward, it will be wetted and settled by the foam. The dust removal device disclosed in this invention can remove dust from the source as soon as it is generated by setting up the dust collection and control part, avoiding the continuous movement of dust in the space and providing protection for the working environment. At the same time, the foam ring set around the dust collection and control mechanism can further reduce the dust that is affected by the airflow and diffuses outward. This makes the dust reduction effect better and can better protect the overall working environment. Since the dust can be removed in time, it also ensures the working visibility and improves work efficiency.

[0035] Further optimizing the scheme, the dust collection and control unit includes a first dust collector hood 8 and a second dust collector hood 9, which are arranged vertically correspondingly and fixed to the cutting arm 2 by fasteners 4. An impeller 1 is disposed inside the first dust collector hood 8, and the impeller 1 is sleeved on the cutting arm 2 and detachably connected to the cutting head 3. The blades 101 on the impeller 1 can be a torsional variable cross-section curved surface structure or a planar structure; specifically, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the first collecting hood 8 and the second collecting hood 9 on the side closer to the cutting head 3 is larger than the diameter on the side farther away from the cutting head 3, like a trumpet-shaped structure, with the larger end facing the cutting head 3 and the smaller end facing the cutting arm 2; this can expand the collecting range, so that the dust can be better collected and further removed.

[0036] Furthermore, the cutting arm 2 is fitted with a connector 7, and the connector 7 has an annular groove 701. One side of the connector 7 is close to the cutting head 3. The side wall of one annular groove 701 is connected to the cutting head 3 by a fastener 4, and the side wall of the other annular groove 701 is connected to the impeller 1 by a fastener 4. The fastener 4 is a fastening screw or a fastening bolt, but is not limited to this type of fastener. The connector 7 can be a ring-shaped steel structure.

[0037] Furthermore, the installation orientation of the blades 101 of the impeller 1 can be adjusted according to the rotation direction of the cutting head 3, so that when the blades rotate, the component of the normal of the windward side on the rotation axis always faces the machine body of the tunneling machine, thereby drawing in the dust-laden airflow near the cutting head; the projection of the blades 101 of the impeller 1 on the cross-sectional direction of the cutting arm 2 is approximately a seamless ring in the middle.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the first and second collector hoods 8 and 9 are two annular structures, arranged vertically and vertically. This structure facilitates disassembly and installation, cleans up coal and rock fragments stored inside, and facilitates maintenance and replacement of internal blades, atomizing nozzles, and other devices. It also improves robustness. When the cutting head 3 rotates, it drives the impeller 1 to rotate. As the impeller 1 rotates, its blades 101 generate a swirling flow, which can draw in dust and blow it outward along the swirling flow. A negative pressure is generated near the cutting head 3 to draw in dust-laden airflow. The structure requires no electricity and has no electrical explosion risk, so it can be used in the presence of explosive gases. It does not require a motor and occupies less space. The impeller 1 has no gaps in its cross-sectional projection, preventing dust from passing directly through gaps and affecting the dust suppression effect. Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the blade 101 in this embodiment has a structure that is pointed at both ends and wide in the middle, which can provide a greater negative pressure to draw in more dust-laden airflow.

[0039] Further optimization of the scheme: The dust removal unit includes a spray pipe 5 arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the first collector hood 8 and the second collector hood 9. Several atomizing nozzles 6 are detachably connected to the spray pipe 5. The atomizing nozzles 6 can be threaded onto the spray pipe 5 or directly inserted into the spray pipe 5 and then fixed with a mounting ring (not shown in the figure). After installation, all the above connection methods need to be sealed to avoid leakage. The connection form between the atomizing nozzles 6 and the spray pipe 5 is not limited to the above forms; and the spray pipe 5 is connected to the atomizing nozzles 6.

[0040] Furthermore, the spray direction of the atomizing nozzle 6 is directed towards the airflow inlets of the first and second collector hoods 8 and 9, respectively. The angle between the atomizing nozzle 6 and the cross-section of the cutting arm 2 is 5-10°. This ensures that the spray direction of the droplets is upwind of the dust-laden airflow within the first and second collector hoods 8 and 9, thus counteracting the influence of the airflow on the droplet field shaping. A full-section droplet field is formed inside the first and second collector hoods 8 and 9. The droplets' direction is opposite to that of the dust particles, increasing the probability of collision and wetting effect. Four to eight atomizing nozzles 6 are installed, the specific number determined by the diffusion angle of the selected nozzles, based on the amount of droplets covering the cross-section inside the collector hood.

[0041] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, specifically, the spray pipes 5 are installed around the inner walls of the first and second collector hoods 8 and 9, respectively, and the atomizing nozzles 6 on them are arranged at equal intervals. To ensure the dust suppression effect, the atomizing nozzles 6 are flat fan-shaped atomizing nozzles 6, with a large spray area. They produce rectangular water mist, which can form a uniform droplet field throughout the spray range, fully contacting and wetting the dust in the intake air; the flow rate of the atomizing nozzles 6 is 1~1.5m³. 3 Between / h, the spray volume can be adjusted by controlling the water flow rate in the atomizing pipeline. The mist droplets sprayed onto the cross-section of the dust collection and control device mix and wet the dust particles. After being intercepted by the blades 101, they are thrown against the inner walls of the first and second dust collection hoods 8 and 9 by centrifugal force. Under the influence of gravity, they fall to the ground and, together with the broken coal blocks on the bottom plate, are loaded onto the rear transport machine by the tunneling machine's star wheel and transported away.

[0042] Further optimization of the scheme: The foam dust removal mechanism includes a foam delivery pipe 10 mounted on the cutting arm 2. Several foam nozzles 11 are detachably connected to the foam delivery pipe 10. The foam sprayed from the foam nozzles 11 surrounds the first collector hood 8, the second collector hood 9, and the cutting head 3. The spray pattern of the foam nozzles 11 is arc-shaped. The foam nozzles 11 can be threaded onto the foam delivery pipe 10 or directly inserted into the foam delivery pipe 10 and then fixed with mounting rings (not shown in the figure). After installation, all connections must be sealed to prevent leakage. The connection between the foam nozzles 11 and the foam delivery pipe 10 is not limited to the above methods.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically, there are preferably six foam nozzles 11, evenly arranged around the cutting arm 2, with a foam flow rate of 40 m³ / h. 3 / h, its foam delivery pipe 10 is connected to a foam delivery pump (not shown in the figure), and the foam delivery pump is connected to a foam storage tank set on the tunneling machine (not shown in the figure). When foam nozzle 11 needs to spray foam, the operator presses the button to start the foam delivery pump on the control panel of the tunneling machine. In this way, the foam delivery pump will deliver foam into the foam delivery pipe 10, and then spray it out by the foam nozzle 11. After it is sprayed out, a foam ring will be formed around the cutting head 3, the first condenser 8 and the second condenser 9, so that the cutting head 3 can cut in the environment of the foam ring. If the dust generated is affected by the airflow and diffuses outward, it will be wetted and settled by the foam.

[0044] The dust control device disclosed in this invention fixes the dust collection and control mechanism to the cutting arm 2, which can immediately suck in the dust generated by the cutting head 3, preventing the dust from being dispersed by the airflow and difficult to control. The impeller 1 is connected to the cutting head 3. While the cutting head 3 rotates to cut, it drives the impeller 1 to rotate, generating a negative pressure near the cutting head 3 to suck in the dust-laden airflow. The structure does not require electricity and has no electrical explosion problem, so it can be used in the presence of explosive gases. It does not require a motor and occupies less space. The blades 101 have no gaps in their cross-sectional projection, preventing dust from passing directly through gaps and affecting dust removal. Dust control effect; the dust control device has a built-in atomizing nozzle 6 evenly distributed around the circumference at the inlet. The mist droplets capture and wet the dust particles in the dust-laden airflow. At the same time, a water film is formed on the blades 101 of the impeller 1. After the dust-laden airflow is obstructed and its direction is changed by the blades 101 of the impeller 1, the dust is intercepted and wetted by the blades 101 of the impeller 1 due to inertia, thus purifying the dust-laden airflow; the foam dust removal mechanism forms a foam ring on the outside of the cutting head 3 and the dust collection and control mechanism, so that the cutting head 3 cuts in the environment of the foam ring. If the dust generated is affected by the airflow and diffuses outward, it will be wetted and settled by the foam.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] like Figure 6-7 As shown, the only difference from Embodiment 1 is that the blades 101 on the impeller 1 have a planar structure; specifically, as shown... Figure 6 and 7 As shown, the outer extension of the blade 101 is an arc-shaped structure, and several blades 101 are arranged at an angle on the wheel shaft. When it rotates, it will generate a rapid vortex, which can draw in the dust-laden airflow more quickly and in large quantities, thereby reducing the dust.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] like Figure 8-9 As shown, the only difference from Embodiment 1 is that the blades 101 on the impeller 1 are also planar; specifically, as shown... Figure 8 and 9 As shown, the blade 101 has an irregular shape, and the width on both sides is smaller than the width in the middle. The blades 101 are stacked together, so the gaps are small and the vortex generated is large. This can also draw in a large amount of dust-laden airflow for further dust suppression.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0050] The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust control and removal device for the cutting section of a tunneling machine, characterized in that: It includes a dust collection and control mechanism and a foam dust removal mechanism. The dust collection and control mechanism is set around the cutting arm (2) and is located at the connection between the cutting arm (2) and the cutting head (3). The foam dust removal mechanism is set on the cutting arm (2) and is located at the connection between the cutting arm (2) and the tunneling machine body (13). The dust collection and control mechanism includes a dust collection and control section and a dust removal section. The dust collection and control section is installed on the cutting arm (2). An anti-static steel wire mesh (12) is installed at the air inlet of the dust collection and control section. The dust removal section is installed inside the dust collection and control section. The direction of the dust removal section is towards the air inlet of the dust collection and control section. The dust removal section sprays mist droplets to purify the dust-laden airflow. The spraying position of the foam dust removal mechanism is located outside the dust collection and control section, and the sprayed foam surrounds the outside of the dust collection and control section; The dust collection and control unit includes a first dust collector (8) and a second dust collector (9). The first dust collector (8) and the second dust collector (9) are arranged vertically and vertically, and the first dust collector (8) and the second dust collector (9) are fixed on the cutting arm (2) by fasteners (4). An impeller (1) is provided inside the first dust collector (8), and the impeller (1) is sleeved on the cutting arm (2) and detachably connected to the cutting head (3). The blades (101) on the impeller (1) are torsional variable cross-section curved surfaces or planar structures. A connector (7) is fitted onto the cutting arm (2), and an annular groove (701) is provided on the connector (7). One side of the connector (7) is close to the cutting head (3). One sidewall of the annular groove (701) is connected to the cutting head (3) by a fastener (4), and the other sidewall of the annular groove (701) is connected to an impeller (1) by a fastener (4). The blades (101) of the impeller (1) are installed in an orientation that is adjusted according to the rotation direction of the cutting head (3) so that when the blades (101) rotate, the component of the normal of the windward surface on the rotation axis is always facing the tunneling machine body (13), thereby drawing in the dust-laden airflow near the cutting head (3); The dust removal unit includes a spray pipe (5) that is circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the first collector hood (8) and the second collector hood (9). Several atomizing nozzles (6) are detachably connected to the spray pipe (5), and the spray pipe (5) is connected to the atomizing nozzles (6). The spray direction of the atomizing nozzle (6) is directed toward the airflow inlet of the first flow collector (8) and the second flow collector (9), respectively, and the angle between the atomizing nozzle (6) and the cross-section of the cutting arm (2) is 5-10°.

2. The dust control and removal device for the cutting section of a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection of the blade (101) of the impeller (1) onto the cross-sectional direction of the cutting arm (2) is approximately a seamless annulus.

3. The dust control and removal device for the cutting section of a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foam dust removal mechanism includes a foam delivery pipe (10) installed on the cutting arm (2), and a number of foam nozzles (11) are detachably connected to the foam delivery pipe (10). The foam sprayed by the foam nozzles (11) surrounds the first flow collector (8), the second flow collector (9) and the cutting head (3).

4. The dust control and removal device for the cutting section of a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jet flow pattern of the atomizing nozzle (6) is a flat fan shape.

5. The dust control and removal device for the cutting section of a tunneling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spray pattern of the foam nozzle (11) is an arc fan shape.

Images