A high-pressure gas and particle contact heat exchange device and a solar thermal power station

Abstract

The application discloses a high-pressure gas and particle contact type heat exchange device and a solar light and heat power station, wherein the heat exchange device comprises a high-temperature particle storage tank, a low-temperature particle storage tank, a heat exchanger and a plurality of high-temperature particle flow channels and a plurality of low-temperature particle flow channels; the high-temperature particle storage tank is communicated with a particle inlet of the heat exchanger through the high-temperature particle flow channels; the low-temperature particle storage tank is communicated with a particle outlet of the heat exchanger through the low-temperature particle flow channels; a plurality of first gas flow resistance members are arranged on the high-temperature particle flow channels; a plurality of second gas flow resistance members are arranged on the low-temperature particle flow channels; the gas flow resistance members change the gas flow direction and make the high-pressure gas be restrained in the particle flow channels. The particles and the high-pressure gas are directly exchanged in the heat exchanger, the high-pressure gas can be restrained in the particle flow channels, the high-pressure gas cannot enter the high-temperature and low-temperature particle storage tanks, the particle storage tanks are always operated under normal pressure, and the cost of the particle storage tanks and the heat exchanger is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of heat exchange, and particularly relates to a high-pressure gas and particle contact type heat exchange device and a solar thermal power station. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ceramic particles have high energy storage density, high heat storage temperature and low price, and are an excellent energy storage medium material. Particle storage tanks and particle heat exchangers are main equipment of energy storage technology, and the heat exchanger is one of the core equipment of particle energy storage technology, which mainly functions to transfer heat of high-temperature particles to a circulating power generation system, such as an sCO2 cycle, an air cycle and a water / steam cycle. The circulating power generation system generally has high pressure, and therefore, indirect heat exchange is commonly used at present, that is, the particles and the power generation circulating medium do not directly contact for heat exchange. However, the particles are mainly in a packed flow in the heat exchanger, and have high porosity, with a large amount of air filled between the particles, which leads to low heat exchange coefficient and greatly increases the equipment cost of the particle heat exchanger.

[0003] Direct contact heat exchange between the particles and the high-pressure gas can effectively avoid the problem of low heat exchange coefficient and reduce the cost of the heat exchanger. Currently, there are mainly two types of technologies capable of realizing direct heat exchange between the high-pressure gas and the particles: (1) high-pressure gas directly enters a high-temperature particle storage tank for heat exchange, but a large-scale storage tank needs to be designed as a pressure tank, and the cost of the storage tank is difficult to control; (2) two heat exchangers are arranged and staggered for operation, the first heat exchanger is closed with the high-temperature particle storage tank when heat exchange is performed to prevent the high-pressure gas from entering the storage tank. The second heat exchanger is connected with the particle storage tank to fill the heat exchanger with high-temperature particles. After the first heat exchanger is completed, the first heat exchanger is connected with the particle storage tank through an opening valve, the second heat exchanger is closed, and the high-pressure gas is in contact with the second heat exchanger for heat exchange, so as to complete staggered operation and ensure that the particle storage tank is operated at normal pressure, while the heat exchanger is operated at pressure. However, this method leads to an increase in the number of heat exchangers and high requirements for operation control. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the application provides a high-pressure gas and particle contact type heat exchange device and a solar thermal power station. The particles and the high-pressure gas directly exchange heat in the heat exchanger, a plurality of gas flow resistance members are arranged on particle flow channels of the heat exchanger and the high-temperature and low-temperature particle storage tanks, the high-pressure gas is inhibited in the particle flow channels, the high-pressure gas cannot enter the high-temperature and low-temperature particle storage tanks, and the particle storage tanks are always operated at normal pressure, thereby reducing the cost of the particle storage tanks and the heat exchanger.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:

[0006] A high-pressure gas and particle contact type heat exchange device, comprising a high-temperature particle storage tank, a low-temperature particle storage tank, a heat exchanger and a plurality of high-temperature particle flow channels and a plurality of low-temperature particle flow channels.

[0007] The heat exchanger is located at the lower part of the high-temperature particle storage tank, and the high-temperature particle storage tank is connected to the particle inlet of the heat exchanger through a plurality of high-temperature particle flow channels; the low-temperature particle storage tank is located at the lower part of the heat exchanger, and the low-temperature particle storage tank is connected to the particle outlet of the heat exchanger through the low-temperature particle flow channels; the heat exchanger also has a gas inlet and a gas outlet.

[0008] The high-temperature particle flow channel is provided with a plurality of first gas flow obstructions communicating with it. The first gas flow obstructions are used to divert the gas from the high-temperature particle flow channel and allow it to flow back into the high-temperature particle flow channel along the direction of incoming gas that is biased towards the high-temperature particle flow channel. The low-temperature particle flow channel is provided with a plurality of second gas flow obstructions communicating with it. The second gas flow obstructions are used to divert the gas from the low-temperature particle flow channel and allow it to flow back into the low-temperature particle flow channel along the direction of incoming gas that is biased towards the low-temperature particle flow channel. Both the first gas flow obstructions and the second gas flow obstructions have a flow guide inlet and a flow guide outlet.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas pressure drop of the first gas flow obstruction is less than the gas pressure drop of the flow channel section on the high-temperature particle flow channel from the flow inlet to the flow outlet corresponding to the first gas flow obstruction.

[0010] The gas pressure drop of the second gas flow obstruction is less than the gas pressure drop of the flow channel section from the flow inlet to the flow outlet of the corresponding second gas flow obstruction on the low-temperature particle flow channel.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the orientation of the flow guide inlet and the direction of advance of the high-pressure gas in the high-temperature particle flow channel or the low-temperature particle flow channel is less than or equal to 90 degrees.

[0012] The angle between the orientation of the flow outlet and the direction of high-pressure gas flow in the high-temperature particle channel or the low-temperature particle channel is less than 90 degrees.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flow inlet and / or the flow outlet are provided with filters.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first gas flow obstruction element or the second gas flow obstruction element is N≥D. 2 / d 2 , where d is the channel diameter of the corresponding first gas flow obstruction or the second gas flow obstruction, and D is the channel diameter of the corresponding high-temperature particle flow channel or the low-temperature particle flow channel.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the channel diameter of the first gas flow obstruction element and / or the second gas flow obstruction element is greater than or equal to 5 times the particle size.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first gas flow obstruction element and / or the second gas flow obstruction element are U-shaped tubes.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature particle flow channel and / or the low-temperature particle flow channel are vertical pipes.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature particle flow channel and / or the low-temperature particle flow channel is a pipe having a bend with an inclination.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger is provided with an air distribution plate at the gas inlet; or the heat exchanger has an air inlet chamber corresponding to the gas inlet, and an air distribution plate is provided in the air inlet chamber.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas inlet is located at the bottom of the heat exchanger.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas introduced into the heat exchanger is carbon dioxide, air, nitrogen, or water vapor.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, a particle flow regulating valve is provided on the upper part of the high-temperature particle flow channel and / or on the low-temperature particle flow channel.

[0023] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a solar thermal power plant, including the high-pressure gas and particle contact heat exchange device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0024] Because the present invention adopts the above technical solution, it has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art:

[0025] In this invention, high-temperature particles enter the heat exchanger from top to bottom through a high-temperature particle flow channel under gravity. After direct heat exchange with the high-pressure gas inside the heat exchanger, low-temperature particles flow into the low-temperature particle flow channel from top to bottom under gravity. High-pressure gas enters the heat exchanger through the gas inlet, directly exchanges heat with the high-temperature particles, and then exits from the gas outlet. This invention enables direct heat exchange between the high-pressure gas and particles, improving heat exchange performance, reducing heat exchanger costs, and ensuring stable outlet high-pressure gas temperature through continuous particle flow.

[0026] Because the heat exchanger operates under high pressure, high-pressure gas enters both the high-temperature and low-temperature particle channels. Due to the presence of the first gas flow obstruction element, some gas is diverted into it. Furthermore, the first gas flow guide element directs the gas entering the obstruction element back into the high-temperature particle channel, which is the direction in which the heat exchanger is located. The kinetic energy of the gas flowing out of the first gas flow obstruction element counteracts the kinetic energy of the gas in the high-temperature particle channel. Once the kinetic energy of the gas in the first gas flow obstruction element and the kinetic energy of the gas in the particle channel reach equilibrium, the gas is contained within the high-temperature particle channel and cannot enter the high-temperature particle storage tank. The principle of the low-temperature particle channel is the same as that of the high-temperature particle channel. Due to the action of the second gas flow obstruction element, the high-pressure gas is contained within the low-temperature particle channel. Therefore, this invention adds a gas flow obstruction element to the particle flow channel, suppressing the backflow of high-pressure gas from the heat exchanger to the high- and low-temperature particle storage tank. This allows the high- and low-temperature particle storage tank to operate at atmospheric pressure without affecting the continuous flow and heat exchange of the particles, significantly reducing the cost of the high- and low-temperature particle storage tank. Thus, this invention achieves both excellent heat exchange performance and ensures safe and stable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the high-temperature particle flow channel of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the low-temperature particle flow channel of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the high-temperature particle flow channel of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the low-temperature particle flow channel of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-High-temperature particle storage tank; 2-High-temperature particle flow channel; 3-Heat exchanger; 301-Gas inlet; 302-Gas outlet; 303-Air distribution plate; 4-Low-temperature particle flow channel; 5-Low-temperature particle storage tank; 6-First gas flow obstruction component; 7-Second gas flow obstruction component; 8-First side pipe; 9-Second side pipe; 10-Particle flow regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchange device and a solar thermal power plant based on the present invention. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] See Figures 1-5 A high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchange device includes a high-temperature particle storage tank 1, a low-temperature particle storage tank 5, a heat exchanger 3, and several high-temperature particle flow channels 2 and several low-temperature particle flow channels 4.

[0036] The heat exchanger 3 is located at the lower part of the high-temperature particle storage tank 1, and the high-temperature particle storage tank 1 is connected to the particle inlet of the heat exchanger 3 through the high-temperature particle flow channel 2.

[0037] The cryogenic particle storage tank 5 is located at the bottom of the heat exchanger 3. The cryogenic particle storage tank 5 is connected to the particle outlet of the heat exchanger 3 through the cryogenic particle flow channel 4. The heat exchanger 3 also has a gas inlet 301 and a gas outlet 302.

[0038] A plurality of first gas flow obstruction elements 6 are provided on the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 and communicate with it. The first gas flow obstruction elements 6 are used to divert the gas from the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 and make it flow back into the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 along the direction of the incoming gas deflected into the high-temperature particle flow channel 2.

[0039] Several second gas flow obstruction elements 7 are provided on the low-temperature particle flow channel 4. The second gas flow obstruction elements 7 are used to divert the gas from the low-temperature particle flow channel 4 and make it flow back into the low-temperature particle flow channel 4 along the direction of the incoming gas that is biased towards the low-temperature particle flow channel 4.

[0040] The first gas flow obstruction element 6 and the second gas flow obstruction element 7 both include a main body, a flow guide inlet, and a flow guide outlet.

[0041] High-temperature particles in high-temperature particle storage tank 1 enter heat exchanger 3 from top to bottom through high-temperature particle flow channel 2 by gravity. After heat exchange with high-pressure gas, low-temperature particles flow from top to bottom through low-temperature particle flow channel 4 by gravity, and then flow into low-temperature particle storage tank 5.

[0042] High-pressure gas enters heat exchanger 3 through gas inlet 301, and after exchanging heat with high-temperature particles in direct contact, it is discharged from gas outlet 302. Because the heat exchanger 3 is under high pressure, the high-pressure gas will enter the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 and the low-temperature particle flow channel 4. Taking the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 as an example, due to the presence of the first gas flow barrier 6, some gas is diverted from the guide inlet into the first gas flow barrier 6. The first gas flow barrier 6 causes it to flow back into the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 from the guide outlet along the direction of the gas in the high-temperature particle flow channel. In other words, the main body of the first gas flow barrier 6 will change the flow direction of the gas flowing into the first gas flow barrier 6, causing it to collide with the gas in the high-temperature particle flow channel 2. Therefore, as the number of first gas flow barriers 6 increases, the gas is suppressed in the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 until the kinetic energy of the gas in the first gas flow barrier 6 and the kinetic energy of the gas in the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 reach equilibrium, and the gas cannot enter the high-temperature particle storage tank 1. The principle of the low-temperature particle flow channel 4 is the same as that of the high-temperature particle flow channel 2. Due to the action of the second gas flow barrier 7, the high-pressure gas is suppressed in the low-temperature particle flow channel 4. Therefore, by adding a gas flow obstruction element to the particle flow channel, the high-pressure gas is prevented from flowing back from the heat exchanger 3 to the high and low temperature particle storage tank 5, so that the high temperature particle storage tank 1 and the low temperature particle storage tank 5 can operate at normal pressure without affecting the continuous flow and heat exchange of particles, thus significantly reducing the cost of the high and low temperature particle storage tank 5.

[0043] Meanwhile, the high-pressure gas and high-temperature particles directly contact each other for heat exchange in the heat exchanger 3, which reduces the heat exchange resistance, increases the heat exchange efficiency, improves the heat exchange performance, and reduces the cost of the heat exchanger 3. At the same time, the continuous flow of particles ensures the stability of the high-pressure gas temperature at the gas outlet 302 of the heat exchanger 3.

[0044] The high-pressure gas can be carbon dioxide, air, nitrogen, or water vapor, but is not limited to these.

[0045] Furthermore, the gas pressure drop of the first gas flow obstruction 6 is less than the gas pressure drop of the flow channel section from the guide inlet to the guide outlet of the corresponding first gas flow obstruction 6 on the high-temperature particle flow channel 2.

[0046] The gas pressure drop of the second gas flow obstruction 7 is less than the gas pressure drop of the flow channel section from the guide inlet to the guide outlet of the corresponding second gas flow obstruction 7 on the low-temperature particle flow channel 4.

[0047] Taking the first gas flow barrier 6 as an example, when the high-pressure gas entering the high-temperature particle flow channel encounters the first gas flow barrier, some of the gas enters the first gas flow barrier. The pressure per unit volume of the gas flowing out of the guide outlet of the gas passing through the first gas flow barrier is greater than the gas pressure per unit volume of the flow channel section from the guide inlet to the guide outlet of the corresponding second gas flow barrier 7 in the high-temperature particle flow channel. However, since the volume of gas entering the first gas flow barrier is small, the gas pressure drop of the first gas flow barrier 6 is less than the gas pressure drop of the flow channel section from the guide inlet to the guide outlet of the corresponding first gas flow barrier 6 on the high-temperature particle flow channel 2. Further, multiple first gas flow barriers may be needed to suppress the gas in the high-temperature particle flow channel.

[0048] To further ensure that high-pressure gas is suppressed within the particle flow channel and facilitates installation, the inventors have made a special design based on this technical solution. After research and practice, actual tests were conducted on different particle flow channels and the diameter of the main flow channel of the gas flow obstruction component, as well as the corresponding number of gas flow obstruction components. The results were compared, and the number of gas flow obstruction components on the corresponding particle flow channel was finally determined as follows: The number of first gas flow obstruction component 6 or second gas flow obstruction component 7 is N≥D. 2 / d 2 Where d is the channel diameter of the corresponding first gas flow obstruction 6 or second gas flow obstruction 7, and D is the channel diameter of the corresponding high-temperature particle flow channel 2 or low-temperature particle flow channel 4. For example, if D=50mm and d=10mm, then the quantity N should be set to more than 25.

[0049] Furthermore, the angle between the orientation of the flow guide inlet and the direction of the high-pressure gas in the high-temperature particle channel 2 or the low-temperature particle channel 4 is less than or equal to 90 degrees. This setting ensures that the flow guide inlet can guide a portion of the high-pressure gas in the particle channel. The flow guide inlet can be set to a larger size within the actual allowable range, for example, in the shape of an expanded opening. The angle can also be set to a smaller size within the actual allowable range, for example, further set to 60 degrees, 45 degrees or even smaller.

[0050] The angle between the direction of the guide outlet and the direction of the high-pressure gas in the high-temperature particle channel 2 or the low-temperature particle channel 4 is less than 90 degrees. This setting ensures that the outflowing gas from the guide outlet can counteract the high-pressure gas in the particle channel. The guide outlet can be set to a smaller value within the actual allowable range, such as 60 degrees, 45 degrees or even smaller.

[0051] To prevent particles from clogging the first gas flow obstruction element 6 or the second gas flow obstruction element 7, and to ensure more efficient and complete heat exchange between the particles and the gas, the channel diameter of the first gas flow obstruction element 6 or the second gas flow obstruction element 7 is greater than or equal to 5 times the particle size. To prevent particles from flowing into the first gas flow obstruction element 6 or the second gas flow obstruction element 7, filters are installed at the flow inlet and flow outlet, allowing only gas to pass through and preventing particles from flowing through. See also... Figure 3 The main body of the first gas flow obstruction element 6 and the second gas flow obstruction element 7 can be a U-shaped tube, or other types of pipes, which are not limited here. The U-shaped tube includes a first side tube 8 and a second side tube 9. The first side tube 8 and the second side tube 9 can be parallel, i.e., a regular U-shaped tube, or they can be set non-parallel. The opening of the first side tube 8, which is closer to the heat exchanger 3, is the flow inlet, and the opening of the second side tube 9, which is farther away from the heat exchanger 3, is the flow outlet.

[0052] The high-pressure gas flows upward, and some of the gas enters the first side tube 8 of the U-shaped tube. After changing its flow direction at the bottom of the U-shape, it flows out from the second side tube 9, so that the gas flow direction at the opening of the first side tube 8 is opposite to the gas flow direction at the opening of the second side tube 9.

[0053] The particle flow channel can be a vertical pipe or a continuously bent pipe; see details below. Figures 2-3 High-temperature particle flow channel 2 and low-temperature particle flow channel 4 are vertical pipes.

[0054] See details Figures 4-5 The high-temperature particle flow channel 2 and the low-temperature particle flow channel 4 are continuous bends with an inclination. The first gas flow obstruction element 6 is located diagonally below each bend in the high-temperature particle flow channel 2, and the second gas flow obstruction element 7 is located diagonally above each bend in the low-temperature particle flow channel 4. Of course, the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 and / or the low-temperature particle flow channel 4 can also be partially or fully threaded pipes, which is not limited here.

[0055] When the particle flow channel is a pipe with a bend, the inclination of each bend in the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 and the low-temperature particle flow channel 4 should not be less than the natural angle of repose of the particles to ensure smooth particle flow.

[0056] The high-temperature particle flow channel 2 and the low-temperature particle flow channel 4 within the same heat exchanger can be like Figure 1 As shown, they are all vertical pipes, or they could all be... Figure 4 and Figure 5 The continuously bent pipe shown can also be... Figure 2 and Figure 5 The pipes are set up as shown.

[0057] Heat exchanger 3 is provided with air distribution plate 303 at gas inlet 301, or heat exchanger has an air inlet chamber with air distribution plate (not shown in the figure) in the air inlet chamber, so that the high pressure gas entering heat exchanger 3 is evenly distributed in the cross section where the gas inlet is located, so that the high pressure gas and high temperature particles can be fully contacted.

[0058] The gas inlet 301 is located at the bottom of the heat exchanger 3, and the gas outlet 302 is located at the top of the heat exchanger 3. The air distribution plate 303 can be arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the heat exchanger 3. It can be used to gather the particles in the heat exchanger 3 at the particle outlet of the heat exchanger 3, so as to ensure that the low temperature particles after heat exchange flow out from the particle outlet and then flow into the low temperature particle pipeline.

[0059] A particle flow regulating valve 10 is installed at the upper part of the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 and the lower part of the low-temperature particle flow channel 4. In this embodiment, the particle flow regulating valve 10 is installed at the lower part of the low-temperature particle flow channel 4. Through the action of the second gas flow obstruction element 7, the gas is suppressed in the low-temperature particle flow channel 4, and the gas is in a static state, which does not affect the flow of the low-temperature particles themselves. The low-temperature particles fall continuously by gravity and flow into the low-temperature particle storage tank 5, maintaining continuous heat exchange between the high-pressure gas and the particles. At the same time, the particle flow regulating valve 10 regulates the particle flow rate.

[0060] High-temperature particles in high-temperature particle storage tank 1 enter heat exchanger 3 from top to bottom through high-temperature particle flow channel 2 under gravity. After heat exchange with high-pressure gas in direct contact within heat exchanger 3, low-temperature particles flow from top to bottom through low-temperature particle flow channel 4 under gravity, and then flow into low-temperature particle storage tank 5. High-pressure gas enters heat exchanger 3 from gas inlet 301, is evenly distributed by air distribution plate 303, and then enters heat exchanger 3. After heat exchange with high-temperature particles in direct contact, it is discharged from gas outlet 302.

[0061] At this time, the heat exchanger 3 is under high pressure. The high-pressure gas enters the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 and the low-temperature particle flow channel 4. Due to the presence of the first gas flow obstruction element 6 and the second gas flow obstruction element 7, some gas will be diverted into the first gas flow obstruction element 6 or the second gas flow obstruction element 7. Then, after the gas flow direction is changed by the first gas flow obstruction element 6 or the second gas flow obstruction element 7, it balances part of the gas kinetic energy with the gas in the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 or the low-temperature particle flow channel 4. As the number of the first gas flow obstruction element 6 and the second gas flow obstruction element 7 increases, the high-pressure gas in the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 or the low-temperature particle flow channel 4 will be continuously diverted into the first gas flow obstruction element 6 and the second gas flow obstruction element 7. The high-pressure gas is suppressed in the high-temperature particle flow channel 2 and the low-temperature particle flow channel 4, so that the high-pressure gas cannot enter the high-temperature particle storage tank 1 and the low-temperature particle storage tank 5.

[0062] This embodiment uses a simple particle flow channel structure with gas flow obstruction components to achieve high-pressure gas flow obstruction at low cost.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment provides a solar thermal power plant, including the high-pressure gas and particle contact heat exchange device of embodiment 1. The solar thermal power plant also includes a heat collection system and a power generation system. The heat collection system can be a tower-type solar heat collection system or a butterfly-type solar heat collection system, etc. The heat collection system uses solar radiation to heat the particles in the low-temperature particle storage tank 5, and the heated particles are stored in the high-temperature particle storage tank 1. The circulating gas in the power generation system enters the heat exchanger 3 from the gas inlet 301, exchanges heat with the high-temperature particles in the heat exchanger 3, and flows out from the gas outlet 302 to generate electricity using the power generation system.

[0065] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger, characterized in that, It includes a high-temperature particle storage tank, a low-temperature particle storage tank, a heat exchanger, and several high-temperature particle flow channels and several low-temperature particle flow channels; The heat exchanger is located at the lower part of the high-temperature particle storage tank, and the high-temperature particle storage tank is connected to the particle inlet of the heat exchanger through a plurality of high-temperature particle flow channels; the low-temperature particle storage tank is located at the lower part of the heat exchanger, and the low-temperature particle storage tank is connected to the particle outlet of the heat exchanger through a plurality of low-temperature particle flow channels; the heat exchanger also has a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The high-temperature particle flow channel is provided with a plurality of first gas flow obstructions communicating with it. The first gas flow obstructions are used to divert the gas from the high-temperature particle flow channel and allow it to flow back into the high-temperature particle flow channel along the direction of incoming gas that is biased towards the high-temperature particle flow channel. The low-temperature particle flow channel is provided with a plurality of second gas flow obstructions communicating with it. The second gas flow obstructions are used to divert the gas from the low-temperature particle flow channel and allow it to flow back into the low-temperature particle flow channel along the direction of incoming gas that is biased towards the low-temperature particle flow channel. Both the first gas flow obstructions and the second gas flow obstructions have a flow guide inlet and a flow guide outlet. The gas pressure drop of the first gas flow obstruction is less than the gas pressure drop of the flow channel section from the flow inlet to the flow outlet of the first gas flow obstruction on the high-temperature particle flow channel. The gas pressure drop of the second gas flow obstruction is less than the gas pressure drop of the flow channel section from the flow inlet to the flow outlet of the corresponding second gas flow obstruction on the low-temperature particle flow channel; The angle between the orientation of the flow guide inlet and the direction of high-pressure gas flow in the high-temperature particle channel or the low-temperature particle channel is less than or equal to 90 degrees. The angle between the orientation of the flow outlet and the direction of high-pressure gas flow in the high-temperature particle channel or the low-temperature particle channel is less than 90 degrees.

2. The high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow inlet and / or the flow outlet are equipped with filters.

3. The high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first gas flow obstruction element or the second gas flow obstruction element is N≥D 2 / d 2 ; Where d is the channel diameter of the corresponding first gas flow obstruction or the second gas flow obstruction, and D is the channel diameter of the corresponding high-temperature particle flow channel or the low-temperature particle flow channel.

4. The high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The channel diameter of the first gas flow obstruction and / or the second gas flow obstruction is greater than or equal to 5 times the particle size.

5. The high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first gas flow obstruction element and / or the second gas flow obstruction element are U-shaped tubes.

6. The high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The high-temperature particle flow channel and / or low-temperature particle flow channel are vertical pipes.

7. The high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The high-temperature particle flow channel and / or low-temperature particle flow channel are pipes with inclined bends.

8. The high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is provided with an air distribution plate at the gas inlet; or the heat exchanger has an air inlet chamber corresponding to the gas inlet, and an air distribution plate is provided in the air inlet chamber.

9. The high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, The gas inlet is located at the bottom of the heat exchanger.

10. The high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas introduced into the heat exchanger is carbon dioxide, air, nitrogen, or water vapor.

11. The high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, A particle flow regulating valve is provided on the high-temperature particle flow channel and / or the low-temperature particle flow channel.

12. A solar thermal power plant, characterized in that, Includes the high-pressure gas-particle contact heat exchanger as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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