milling cutter
By designing a combination of helical cutting edges and chip breaking edges on the milling cutter, the problems of insufficient rigidity and chip removal performance of the milling cutter are solved, and a milling cutter design with high efficiency and long service life is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN JINZHOU PRECISION TECH
- Filing Date
- 2022-11-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing milling cutters struggle to balance rigidity and chip removal performance when machining printed circuit boards, resulting in problems such as low machining accuracy, short tool life, and difficulty in chip removal.
Design a milling cutter that uses a combination of multiple helical cutting edges and chip-breaking edges. The diameter of the cutting edges is larger than that of the chip-breaking edges, and multiple chip-breaking edges are set between adjacent cutting edges to achieve two milling operations, thereby improving chip removal capability and rigidity.
It increases the service life of the milling cutter, improves machining accuracy and chip removal performance, and enhances machining efficiency and tool quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN115870537B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of cutting tool technology, and in particular to a milling cutter. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, with the development of electronic information technology and new materials, the processing dimensions of printed circuit board forming have become increasingly fine. The requirements for processing dimension accuracy, board edge quality and processing efficiency have become increasingly higher, and the diameter of cutting tools has become smaller and smaller. In the process of printed circuit board forming, problems such as workpiece dimensional deviation, board edge burrs, insufficient tool life and difficulty in chip removal are easy to occur. In particular, after increasing the thickness of the stacked boards to improve processing efficiency, the aforementioned problems are more prominent.
[0003] The main factors affecting the dimensional accuracy of machined workpieces, edge quality, tool life, and chip removal are: 1. the sharpness of the cutting edge; 2. the rigidity of the milling cutter; and 3. the chip removal capacity of the milling cutter.
[0004] When using similar milling cutter materials, the structural design of the milling cutter determines its sharpness, rigidity, and chip removal capability. The core diameter of the milling cutter determines its rigidity, bending deformation during machining, and resistance to breakage, significantly impacting workpiece dimensional accuracy, edge quality, and tool life. Under the same machine tool parameters and suction power, the structural design of the milling cutter's chip flute, such as its cross-sectional area and the chip removal force generated during tool rotation, determines the milling cutter's chip removal performance, thus significantly affecting chip removal, edge burrs, tool wear, and tool life. The rake angle of the milling cutter's cutting edge determines its cutting sharpness and wear resistance, thus affecting the cutting force and frictional heat generation during machining, and consequently, the milling cutter's life, chip removal, workpiece dimensional accuracy, and edge quality.
[0005] Conventional end mills typically have 2-9 evenly distributed cutting edges. End mills with fewer cutting edges result in a thinner core and a larger chip evacuation space, such as double-flute end mills. Double-flute end mills have a small core diameter, a large chip evacuation space, and good chip evacuation performance, but the end mill's rigidity is insufficient. End mills with more cutting edges result in a thicker core and a smaller chip evacuation space, such as seven-flute end mills. Seven-flute end mills have a large core diameter, a small chip evacuation space, poor chip evacuation performance, but high rigidity. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a milling cutter that at least solves the problem that prior art milling cutters cannot simultaneously achieve both rigidity and chip removal performance.
[0007] This application provides a milling cutter, including a shank and a cutter body connected to the shank, the milling cutter further including:
[0008] Multiple cutting edges are provided at intervals on the tool body and extend along the axial direction of the tool body, and the cutting edges are helical;
[0009] At least one chip-breaking edge, the chip-breaking edge extending along the axial direction of the tool body, the chip-breaking edge being helical;
[0010] Between two adjacent cutting edges, there are 0 to 5 chip-breaking edges, and the diameter of the cutting edge is larger than the diameter of the chip-breaking edge.
[0011] In one embodiment, the difference between the diameter of the cutting edge and the diameter of the chip-breaking edge is greater than or equal to 0.04 mm.
[0012] In one embodiment, the diameter of the cutting edge ranges from 0.4 mm to 3.0 mm.
[0013] In one embodiment, the diameter of the cutting edge ranges from 0.6 mm to 1.6 mm.
[0014] In one embodiment, the core diameter of the cutting edge is smaller than the core diameter of any of the chip-breaking edges.
[0015] In one embodiment, the number of cutting edges is 2 to 8; 1 to 3 chip-breaking edges are provided between two adjacent cutting edges.
[0016] In one embodiment, the angle difference between the helix angle of the chip breaker and the helix angle of the cutting edge is in the range of -5° to +5°.
[0017] In one embodiment, the helix angle of the cutting edge ranges from 0° to 55°.
[0018] In one embodiment, the helix angle of the cutting edge ranges from 20° to 35°.
[0019] In one embodiment, the end of the blade away from the handle is provided with a blade tip, which is any one of a flat-bottomed blade tip, a fishtail-shaped blade tip, or a drill-point blade tip;
[0020] The milling cutter can be rotated in any one of the following directions: left-hand left-cutting, left-hand right-cutting, right-hand left-cutting, or right-hand right-cutting.
[0021] The milling cutter is any one of the following: spiral milling cutter, diamond-tooth milling cutter, or chip-breaking groove milling cutter.
[0022] This application proposes an improved design to address the problem that prior art end mills cannot simultaneously achieve both rigidity and chip removal performance, and has the following beneficial effects:
[0023] 1. The cutting edge and the chip breaking edge are spaced apart, and multiple chip breaking edges can be set between two adjacent cutting edges to ensure chip removal performance;
[0024] 2. By making the diameter of the cutting edge larger than that of the chip-breaking edge, even if there is a height difference between the cutting edge and the chip-breaking edge, the effect of two milling operations within one stroke is achieved, thus improving cutting accuracy;
[0025] This application achieves the goal of simultaneously satisfying the rigidity, sharpness, and chip removal performance of the milling cutter through the combined design of the cutting edge and the chip breaking edge, thereby increasing the service life of the milling cutter, improving chip removal capacity, improving dimensional accuracy, and making it highly practical. Attached Figure Description
[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0027] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a milling cutter provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The end mill shown is a front view of the cutter body in one embodiment.
[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of the blade shown Figure 1 .
[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Side view of the blade shown Figure 2 .
[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The end mill shown is a front view of the cutter body in another embodiment.
[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Side view of the blade shown Figure 1 .
[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Side view of the blade shown Figure 2 .
[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a side view of a flat-bottomed end mill tip.
[0035] Figure 9 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a side view of the fishtail-shaped cutting tip of the milling cutter.
[0036] Figure 10 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a side view of the drill-point type cutting tip of the milling cutter.
[0037] The markings in the diagram mean:
[0038] 100. Milling cutter;
[0039] 10. Knife handle;
[0040] 20. Tool body; 201. Tool tip; 21. Cutting edge; 22. Chip breaker edge; 221. First chip breaker edge; 222. Second chip breaker edge; 23. Chip removal groove;
[0041] d, diameter of the cutting edge; Dc, core diameter of the cutting edge; d1, diameter of the first chip breaker; Dc1, core diameter of the first chip breaker; d2, diameter of the second chip breaker; Dc2, core diameter of the second chip breaker. Detailed Implementation
[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.
[0043] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly or indirectly attached to that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to that other component. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are for descriptive convenience only, not indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the patent. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features. "A plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.
[0044] It should also be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same component or part. For the same part in the embodiments of this application, the reference numerals may only be used to mark one part or component as an example. It should be understood that the reference numerals are also applicable to other identical parts or components.
[0045] When using similar milling cutter materials, the structural design of the milling cutter determines its sharpness, rigidity, and chip removal capability. The core diameter of the milling cutter determines its rigidity, bending deformation during machining, and resistance to breakage, significantly impacting workpiece dimensional accuracy, edge quality, and tool life. Under the same machine tool parameters and suction power, the structural design of the milling cutter's chip flute, such as its cross-sectional area and the chip removal force generated during tool rotation, determines the milling cutter's chip removal performance, thus significantly affecting chip removal, edge burrs, tool wear, and tool life. The rake angle of the milling cutter's cutting edge determines its cutting sharpness and wear resistance, thus affecting the cutting force and frictional heat generation during machining, and consequently, the milling cutter's life, chip removal, workpiece dimensional accuracy, and edge quality.
[0046] Conventional end mills typically have 2-9 evenly distributed cutting edges. End mills with fewer cutting edges result in a thinner core and a larger chip evacuation space, such as double-flute end mills. Double-flute end mills have a small core diameter, a large chip evacuation space, and good chip evacuation performance, but the end mill's rigidity is insufficient. End mills with more cutting edges result in a thicker core and a smaller chip evacuation space, such as seven-flute end mills. Seven-flute end mills have a large core diameter, a small chip evacuation space, poor chip evacuation performance, but high rigidity.
[0047] Therefore, this application provides a milling cutter that, by combining a cutting edge and a chip-breaking edge and setting a height difference between the cutting edge and the chip-breaking edge, simultaneously satisfies the requirements of rigidity, sharpness, and chip removal performance of the milling cutter, thereby increasing the service life of the milling cutter, improving chip removal capability, and improving dimensional accuracy.
[0048] refer to Figures 1 to 4 The milling cutter 100 provided in this application embodiment includes a shank 10 and a cutter body 20, with one end of the cutter body 20 connected to the shank 10.
[0049] The milling cutter 100 provided in this application embodiment also includes a cutting edge 21 and a chip-breaking edge 22 disposed on the cutter body 20.
[0050] The cutting edge 21 extends along the axial direction of the tool body 20 and is spiral in shape, that is, the cutting edge 21 extends spirally from the end of the tool body 20 toward the tip; there are multiple cutting edges 21, which are spaced apart on the tool body 20. The cutting edges 21 are used to perform a first milling operation on the PCB board.
[0051] The chip breaker 22 extends along the axial direction of the cutter body 20 and is helical. There is at least one chip breaker 22, that is, there are one or more chip breaker 22s, and the multiple chip breaker 22s are spaced apart on the cutter body 20. The diameter of the chip breaker 22 is smaller than the diameter d of the cutting edge 21, that is, the height of the chip breaker 22 is smaller than the height of the cutting edge 21. During the milling process, the cutting edge 21 contacts the PCB board before the chip breaker 22. The chip breaker 22 is used to perform a second milling operation on the PCB board after the cutting edge 21, so that the milling cutter 100 can achieve the process of two repeated milling operations in only one stroke.
[0052] The chip-breaking edge 22, which has a different height from the cutting edge 21, can not only perform secondary milling, but also deform the chip and break it, thus achieving the effect of chip breaking.
[0053] There are 0 to 5 chip-breaking edges 22 between two adjacent cutting edges 21. It is understood that the number of chip-breaking edges 22 between different adjacent cutting edges 21 can be the same or different. The number of chip-breaking edges 22 between adjacent cutting edges 21 can be 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1. Under the premise that there is at least one chip-breaking edge 22 on the tool body 20, there may be no chip-breaking edge 22 between two adjacent cutting edges 21.
[0054] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: the cutting edge 21 and the chip breaking edge 22 are arranged at intervals, and multiple chip breaking edges 22 can be arranged between two adjacent cutting edges 21 to ensure chip removal performance; the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 is larger than the diameter of the chip breaking edge 22, so that even if there is a height difference between the cutting edge 21 and the chip breaking edge 22, the effect of two milling operations within one stroke is achieved, which improves the cutting accuracy.
[0055] The milling cutter 100 provided in this application embodiment achieves the goal of simultaneously satisfying the rigidity, sharpness and chip removal performance of the milling cutter 100 through the combined design of the cutting edge 21 and the chip breaking edge 22, thereby increasing the service life of the milling cutter 100, improving chip removal capability and dimensional accuracy.
[0056] In this embodiment, chip removal grooves 23 are formed between adjacent chip breaking edges 22 and between chip breaking edges 22 and adjacent cutting edges 21, so as to cooperate with chip breaking edges 22 to achieve chip deformation and thus achieve chip breaking effect.
[0057] In one embodiment, the angle difference between the helix angle of the chip breaker 22 and the cutting edge 21 is in the range of -5° to +5°. This setting adjusts the rake angle and clearance angle of the milling cutter 100 by adjusting the helix angle of the chip breaker 22 to ensure the sharpness and wear resistance of the milling cutter 100.
[0058] In this embodiment, the helix angle of the cutting edge 21 ranges from 0° to 55°; optionally, the helix angle of the cutting edge 21 is 0°, 20°, 27.5°, 30°, 40°, 55°, etc.
[0059] Furthermore, the helix angle of the cutting edge 21 ranges from 20° to 35°; optionally, the helix angle of the cutting edge 21 is 20°, 23°, 27.5°, 30°, 35°, etc.
[0060] In one embodiment, the number of cutting edges 21 is 2 to 8, and the number of chip-breaking edges 22 between two adjacent cutting edges 21 is 1 to 3.
[0061] refer to Figures 2 to 4 In one embodiment, there are two cutting edges 21, and there are two chip-breaking edges 22 between two adjacent cutting edges 21. The two chip-breaking edges 22 are referred to as the first chip-breaking edge 221 and the second chip-breaking edge 222, respectively.
[0062] In this embodiment, the difference between the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 and the diameter of the chip breaker 22 is greater than or equal to 0.04 mm, that is, the difference between the height of the cutting edge 21 and the height of the chip breaker 22 is greater than or equal to 0.02 mm; in some embodiments, the diameter d2 of the second chip breaker 222 is not equal to the diameter d1 of the first chip breaker 221, and the difference between the diameter d1 of the first chip breaker 221 and the diameter d2 of the second chip breaker 222 and the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 is greater than or equal to 0.04 mm; optionally, the diameter d2 of the second chip breaker 222 is greater than the diameter d1 of the first chip breaker 221.
[0063] In this embodiment, the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 ranges from 0.4mm to 3.0mm. Optionally, the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 is 0.4mm, 1mm, 1.7mm, 2mm, 3.0mm, etc.
[0064] Furthermore, the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 ranges from 0.6 mm to 1.6 mm. Optionally, the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 is 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.6 mm, etc.
[0065] In this embodiment, the core diameter Dc of the cutting edge 21 is smaller than the core diameter of any chip breaker 22, that is, the core diameter of any chip breaker 22 is larger than the core diameter Dc of the cutting edge 21.
[0066] Specifically, the core diameter Dc of the cutting edge 21 is smaller than the core diameter Dc1 of the first chip breaker 221, and the core diameter Dc of the cutting edge 21 is smaller than the core diameter Dc2 of the second chip breaker 222. This setting allows the chip breaker 22 to have a larger core diameter, thereby ensuring the strength of the chip breaker 22. Optionally, the core diameter Dc2 of the second chip breaker 222 is larger than the core diameter Dc1 of the first chip breaker 221.
[0067] refer to Figures 5 to 7 In another embodiment, the number of cutting edges 21 is 3, and the number of chip-breaking edges 22 between two adjacent cutting edges 21 is 1, and this chip-breaking edge 22 is referred to as the first chip-breaking edge 221.
[0068] In this embodiment, the difference between the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 and the diameter of the chip breaker 22 is greater than or equal to 0.04 mm. Specifically, the difference between the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 and the diameter d1 of the first chip breaker 221 is greater than or equal to 0.04 mm, that is, the difference between the height of the cutting edge 21 and the height of the first chip breaker 221 is greater than or equal to 0.02 mm.
[0069] In this embodiment, the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 ranges from 0.4mm to 3.0mm. Optionally, the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 is 0.4mm, 1mm, 1.7mm, 2mm, 3.0mm, etc.
[0070] Furthermore, the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 ranges from 0.6 mm to 1.6 mm. Optionally, the diameter d of the cutting edge 21 is 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.3 mm, or 1.6 mm.
[0071] In this embodiment, the core diameter Dc of the cutting edge 21 is smaller than the core diameter of the chip breaker 22, that is, the core diameter Dc1 of the first chip breaker 221 is larger than the core diameter Dc of the cutting edge 21. This setting makes the chip breaker 22 have a larger core diameter, thereby ensuring the strength of the chip breaker 22.
[0072] It is understood that the core diameter Dc of the cutting edge 21, the diameter d of the cutting edge 21, the core diameter of the chip breaker 22, the diameter of the chip breaker 22, and their interrelationships are not limited to embodiments in which the number of cutting edges 21 is 2 or 3, and the number of chip breaker 22 between adjacent cutting edges 21 is 1 or 2.
[0073] refer to Figures 8 to 10 In one embodiment, the end of the cutter body 20 away from the shank 10 is provided with a cutting tip 201. When the milling cutter 100 performs milling, the cutting tip 201 first contacts the PCB board.
[0074] refer to Figure 8In one embodiment, the cutting tip 201 is a flat-bottomed cutting tip, used for rough milling or finish milling, milling grooves, removing blanks, and also for finish milling small-area horizontal planes or contours.
[0075] refer to Figure 9 In another embodiment, the blade tip 201 is a fishtail-shaped blade tip, and the teeth of the fishtail-shaped blade tip 201 have a large interval between them, resulting in better chip removal performance.
[0076] refer to Figure 10 In another embodiment, the cutting tip 201 is a drill tip type cutting tip to facilitate drilling and milling.
[0077] It is understood that the tip 201 of the end mill 100 provided in this embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned flat-bottomed tip, fishtail tip or drill tip.
[0078] The end mill 100 provided in this application can be a spiral end mill, a diamond-tooth end mill, a chip-breaking groove end mill, or other types of end mills.
[0079] The milling cutter 100 provided in this application can be a left-handed left-cutting direction, or a left-handed right-cutting, right-handed left-cutting, or right-handed right-cutting direction.
[0080] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A milling cutter, comprising a shank and a cutter body connected to the shank, characterized in that, The milling cutter also includes: Multiple cutting edges are spaced apart on the tool body and extend along the axial direction of the tool body, and the cutting edges are helical; At least one chip-breaking edge, the chip-breaking edge extending along the axial direction of the tool body, the chip-breaking edge being helical; One to five chip-breaking edges are provided between two adjacent cutting edges, and the diameter of the cutting edge is greater than the diameter of the chip-breaking edge, and the difference between the diameter of the cutting edge and the diameter of the chip-breaking edge is greater than or equal to 0.04 mm. Chip removal grooves are formed between adjacent chip breaker edges and between the chip breaker edge and adjacent cutting edges to cooperate with the chip breaker edge to achieve chip deformation.
2. The milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the cutting edge ranges from 0.4 mm to 3.0 mm.
3. The milling cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the cutting edge ranges from 0.6 mm to 1.6 mm.
4. The milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core diameter of the cutting edge is smaller than the core diameter of any of the chip-breaking edges.
5. The milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of cutting edges is 2 to 8; 1 to 3 chip-breaking edges are provided between two adjacent cutting edges.
6. The milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The difference between the helix angle of the chip breaker and the helix angle of the cutting edge is in the range of -5° to +5°.
7. The milling cutter according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The helix angle of the cutting edge ranges from 0° to 55°.
8. The milling cutter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The helix angle of the cutting edge ranges from 20° to 35°.
9. The milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade body has a blade tip at the end away from the handle, and the blade tip is any one of a flat-bottomed blade tip, a fishtail-shaped blade tip, or a drill-point blade tip; The milling cutter can be rotated in any one of the following directions: left-hand left-cutting, left-hand right-cutting, right-hand left-cutting, or right-hand right-cutting. The milling cutter is any one of the following: spiral milling cutter, diamond-tooth milling cutter, or chip-breaking groove milling cutter.