Thermal Management Systems and Automobiles

Abstract

The present invention discloses a thermal management system and an automobile. The thermal management system includes a refrigerant circuit and a water circuit. The refrigerant circuit includes multiple components, including a compressor, a first heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a third expansion valve, an indoor evaporator, an indoor condenser, a second heat exchanger, a four-way refrigerant valve, and a three-way refrigerant valve, forming corresponding circuits according to different thermal management mode requirements. The water circuit includes a motor water circuit and a battery water circuit. The motor water circuit includes multiple components, including a low-temperature water tank, a first heat exchanger, a drive motor, a first water pump, and a five-way water valve, forming corresponding circuits according to different thermal management mode requirements. The battery water circuit includes multiple components, including a second heat exchanger, a second water pump, a heater, a battery assembly, a three-way water valve, and a five-way water valve, forming corresponding circuits according to different thermal management mode requirements. The technical solution of the present invention saves automobile energy consumption and improves the battery's range in low-temperature environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile air conditioning, and in particular to a thermal management system and an automobile. Background Art

[0002] With the maturing of the new energy vehicle industry and the encouragement of national policies for new energy vehicles, new energy vehicles are becoming increasingly popular. Air conditioning, as a key component of driving comfort, will inevitably face increasingly stringent requirements. From the perspective of air conditioning development and efficiency, the excellent performance of air conditioning thermal management systems will become a key development trend. Carbon dioxide, as a natural refrigerant, offers advantages such as environmental friendliness (global warming potential GWP = 1) and excellent low-temperature heating performance, making its application in new energy vehicles an inevitable trend.

[0003] In the existing technology, the refrigerant circuit in the air-conditioning thermal management system is often not designed reasonably, resulting in poor heat recovery effect of the thermal management system. It is often necessary to set up related heating equipment to supplement heat to meet the heating needs of the car, resulting in higher overall energy consumption of the car and affecting the battery's range in low-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of this invention is to propose a thermal management system, which aims to save automobile energy consumption and increase the battery's range in low temperature environments.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the thermal management system proposed in the present invention includes:

[0006] a refrigerant circuit having carbon dioxide refrigerant therein, the refrigerant circuit including a compressor, a first heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a third expansion valve, an indoor evaporator, an indoor condenser, a second heat exchanger, a four-way refrigerant valve, and a three-way refrigerant valve, the refrigerant circuit forming a corresponding circuit according to the requirements of different thermal management modes; and

[0007] a water circuit having coolant therein, the water circuit including a motor water circuit and a battery water circuit, the motor water circuit including a low-temperature water tank, the first heat exchanger, the drive motor, the first water pump, and a five-way water valve, forming corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes;

[0008] The battery water circuit includes the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the heater, the battery assembly, the three-way water valve, and the five-way water valve, and multiple components form corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes.

[0009] Optionally, the different thermal management modes include a first thermal management mode, and in the first thermal management mode, the refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant circuit and / or a second refrigerant circuit;

[0010] The first refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the first heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger, the gas-liquid separator, the first expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, the third expansion valve, the indoor condenser, the three-way refrigerant valve, the four-way refrigerant valve, and the gas-liquid separator connected in series in sequence;

[0011] The second refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the first heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger, the gas-liquid separator, the first expansion valve, the second expansion valve, the second heat exchanger, the three-way refrigerant valve, the four-way refrigerant valve and the gas-liquid separator connected in series in sequence.

[0012] Optionally, in the first thermal management mode, the motor water circuit includes a first motor circuit, the battery water circuit includes a first battery circuit, and the first motor circuit and the first battery circuit are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve, the first motor circuit and the first refrigerant circuit and / or the second refrigerant circuit are connected in parallel via the first heat exchanger, and the first battery circuit and the second refrigerant circuit are connected in parallel via the second heat exchanger;

[0013] The first motor circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the first water pump, the drive motor, the first heat exchanger, and the low-temperature water tank connected in series in sequence;

[0014] The first battery circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, and the three-way water valve connected in series.

[0015] Optionally, in the first thermal management mode, the motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series through the five-way water valve to form a first circuit, the first circuit is connected in parallel with the second refrigerant circuit through the second heat exchanger, and is connected in parallel with the first refrigerant circuit and / or the second refrigerant circuit through the first heat exchanger;

[0016] The first circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, the drive motor, the first heat exchanger, and the low-temperature water tank connected in series.

[0017] Optionally, the different thermal management modes further include a second thermal management mode, and in the second thermal management mode, the refrigerant circuit has a third refrigerant circuit;

[0018] The third refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the third expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, and the four-way refrigerant valve connected in series in sequence, and the indoor condenser and the second heat exchanger are connected in parallel between the three-way refrigerant valve and the third expansion valve, and the three-way refrigerant valve can adjust the flow rate of the carbon dioxide refrigerant flowing through the indoor condenser and the second heat exchanger.

[0019] Optionally, in the second thermal management mode, the motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series through the five-way water valve to form a second circuit, and the second circuit is connected in parallel with the third refrigerant circuit through the second heat exchanger;

[0020] The second circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, the drive motor, and the low-temperature water tank connected in series.

[0021] Optionally, the different thermal management modes further include a third thermal management mode, the third thermal management mode including a first usage state, in which the refrigerant circuit has a fourth refrigerant circuit, the motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series via the five-way water valve to form a third circuit, and the third circuit is connected in parallel with the fourth refrigerant circuit via the first heat exchanger;

[0022] The fourth refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the indoor condenser, the third expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, the first expansion valve, the gas-liquid separator, the outdoor heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger, the four-way refrigerant valve, and the gas-liquid separator connected in series.

[0023] The third circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, the drive motor, the first heat exchanger, and the low-temperature water tank connected in series.

[0024] Optionally, the third thermal management mode further includes a second use state, which is switchable with the first use state. In the second use state, the refrigerant circuit includes a fifth refrigerant circuit, the motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series via the five-way water valve to form a fourth circuit, and the fourth circuit is connected in parallel with the fifth refrigerant circuit via the second heat exchanger.

[0025] The fifth refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the indoor condenser, the third expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, the second expansion valve, the second heat exchanger, and the four-way refrigerant valve connected in series.

[0026] The fourth circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, the drive motor, and the low-temperature water tank connected in series.

[0027] Optionally, the different thermal management modes further include a fourth thermal management mode, the fourth thermal management mode including a third use state and a fourth use state that can be switched between each other, and the third use state and the fourth use state both have a sixth refrigerant circuit and / or a seventh refrigerant circuit;

[0028] The sixth refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by sequentially connecting the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the indoor condenser, the third expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, the first expansion valve, the gas-liquid separator, the outdoor heat exchanger, the four-way refrigerant valve, and the gas-liquid separator in series;

[0029] The seventh refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the second heat exchanger, the second expansion valve, the first expansion valve, the gas-liquid separator, the outdoor heat exchanger, the four-way refrigerant valve, and the gas-liquid separator connected in series.

[0030] Optionally, in the third usage state, the motor water circuit includes a second motor circuit, the battery water circuit includes a second battery circuit, the second motor circuit and the second battery circuit are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve, and the second battery circuit and the seventh refrigerant circuit are connected in parallel via the second heat exchanger;

[0031] The second motor circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the first water pump, and the drive motor connected in series;

[0032] The second battery circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the heater, the battery assembly, and the three-way water valve connected in series.

[0033] Optionally, in the fourth usage state, the motor water circuit includes a third motor circuit, the battery water circuit includes a third battery circuit, and the third motor circuit and the third battery circuit are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve, and the third battery circuit and the seventh refrigerant circuit are connected in parallel via the second heat exchanger;

[0034] The third motor circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the first water pump, and the drive motor connected in series;

[0035] The third battery circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, and the three-way water valve connected in series.

[0036] Optionally, the fourth thermal management mode further includes a fifth usage state. In the fifth usage state, the refrigerant circuit includes the sixth refrigerant circuit and / or the seventh refrigerant circuit, the motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series via the five-way water valve to form a fifth circuit, and the fifth circuit is connected in parallel with the seventh refrigerant circuit via the second heat exchanger.

[0037] The fifth circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, and the drive motor connected in series.

[0038] Optionally, the fourth thermal management mode further includes a sixth usage state. In the sixth usage state, the refrigerant circuit includes an eighth refrigerant circuit, the motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series via the five-way water valve to form a sixth circuit, and the sixth circuit is connected in parallel with the eighth refrigerant circuit via the second heat exchanger.

[0039] The eighth refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the indoor condenser, the third expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, and the four-way refrigerant valve connected in series in sequence, and a circuit formed by the second expansion valve and the second heat exchanger connected in series and a circuit formed by the first expansion valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the outdoor heat exchanger connected in series, are connected in parallel between the indoor evaporator and the four-way refrigerant valve;

[0040] The sixth circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, and the drive motor connected in series.

[0041] The present invention also provides an automobile comprising the thermal management system described above.

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention improves thermal management and heat exchange by providing a refrigerant circuit and a water circuit, with the refrigerant circuit containing carbon dioxide refrigerant, thereby saving vehicle energy. The refrigerant circuit includes multiple components, including a compressor, a first heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a third expansion valve, an indoor evaporator, an indoor condenser, a second heat exchanger, a four-way refrigerant valve, and a three-way refrigerant valve, forming corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes. The water circuit contains coolant and includes a motor water circuit and a battery water circuit. The motor water circuit includes multiple components, including a low-temperature water tank, a first heat exchanger, a drive motor, a first water pump, and a five-way water valve, forming corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes. The battery water circuit includes multiple components, including a second heat exchanger, a second water pump, a heater, a battery assembly, a three-way water valve, and a five-way water valve, forming corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes. The refrigerant circuit and the water circuit cooperate with each other to achieve the desired effect. Compared to existing technologies, this solution eliminates the need for a heating water pump and heater core to heat the vehicle interior and / or battery pack, thereby saving energy. Furthermore, this solution adds a first heat exchanger in parallel with the refrigerant circuit, enabling direct heat exchange between the motor water circuit and the refrigerant circuit, further recovering heat generated by the motor or using a low-temperature water tank to further cool the refrigerant circuit, further saving energy and improving the vehicle's range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system in the prior art;

[0045] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the thermal management system in the second thermal management mode;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a thermal management system of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A first structural principle diagram of the thermal management system in a first thermal management mode;

[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 3A second structural principle diagram of the thermal management system in the first thermal management mode;

[0049] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the thermal management system in the second thermal management mode;

[0050] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the thermal management system in a first use state under a third thermal management mode;

[0051] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the thermal management system in the second use state under the third thermal management mode;

[0052] Figure 9 for Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the heat management system in the third use state under the fourth heat management mode;

[0053] Figure 10 for Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the heat management system in a fourth use state under a fourth heat management mode;

[0054] Figure 11 for Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the heat management system in the fifth use state under the fourth heat management mode;

[0055] Figure 12 for Figure 3 Structural principle diagram of the thermal management system when it is in the sixth usage state under the fourth thermal management mode.

[0056] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0057] Label name Label name 100 Thermal Management System 153 Battery components 110 Refrigerant circuit 154 Three-way water valve 111 compressor 155 Heater core 112 First heat exchanger 156 Heating water pump 113 Outdoor heat exchanger 160 First refrigerant circuit 114 Gas-liquid separator 161 Second refrigerant circuit 115 First expansion valve 162 First motor circuit 116 Second expansion valve 163 First battery circuit 117 The third expansion valve 164 First circuit 118 Indoor evaporator 170 The third refrigerant circuit 119 Indoor condenser 171 Second circuit 120 Second heat exchanger 180 Fourth refrigerant circuit 121 Four-way refrigerant valve 181 Third circuit 122 Three-way refrigerant valve 182 Fifth refrigerant circuit 130 Water circuit 183 Fourth Circuit 131 Four-way water valve 190 Sixth refrigerant circuit 140 Motor water circuit 191 Seventh refrigerant circuit 141 Low temperature water tank 192 Second motor circuit 142 drive motor 193 Second battery circuit 143 First water pump 194 Third motor circuit 144 Five-way water valve 195 Third battery circuit 150 Battery water circuit 196 Fifth Circuit 151 Second water pump 197 Eighth refrigerant circuit 152 heater 198 Sixth Circuit

[0058] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0061] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text is to include three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B as an example", it includes solution A, or solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0062] The present invention provides a thermal management system 100 .

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system 100 includes a refrigerant circuit 110 and a water circuit 130. The refrigerant circuit 110 contains carbon dioxide refrigerant and includes a compressor 111, a first heat exchanger 112, an outdoor heat exchanger 113, a gas-liquid separator 114, a first expansion valve 115, a second expansion valve 116, a third expansion valve 117, an indoor evaporator 118, an indoor condenser 119, a second heat exchanger 120, a four-way refrigerant valve 121, and a three-way refrigerant valve 122. The water circuit 130 contains coolant and includes a motor water circuit 140 and a battery water circuit 150. The motor water circuit 140 includes a low-temperature water tank 141, a first heat exchanger 112, a drive motor 142, a first water pump 143, and a five-way water valve 144. These components form corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes. The battery water circuit 150 includes multiple components including the second heat exchanger 120 , the second water pump 151 , the heater 152 , the battery assembly 153 , the three-way water valve 154 , and the five-way water valve 144 , forming corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes.

[0064] The refrigerant circuit 110 uses carbon dioxide as a refrigerant. Carbon dioxide, as a natural refrigerant, is environmentally friendly (global warming potential GWP = 1) and has good low-temperature heating performance, thereby saving vehicle energy consumption. The water circuit 130 uses coolant as a refrigerant, and the coolant can be water. The first expansion valve 115, the second expansion valve 116 and the third expansion valve 117 are all used to throttle the refrigerant circuit 110, thereby reducing the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant. The indoor evaporator 118 and the indoor condenser 119 are used to adjust the temperature in the car cabin. The first heat exchanger 112 is used to be connected in parallel with the motor water circuit 140, so as to exchange heat with the motor water circuit 140, thereby recovering the heat generated by the drive motor 142 or using the low-temperature water tank 141 to further cool the refrigerant circuit 110; the second heat exchanger 120 is used to be connected in parallel with the battery water circuit 150, so as to realize heat exchange between the refrigerant circuit 110 and the motor water circuit 140, and then recover the heat generated by the battery assembly 153 or cool the battery assembly 153. The first heat exchanger 112 and the second heat exchanger 120 can adopt water heat exchangers or chiller heat exchangers, etc. The gas-liquid separator 114 allows heat exchange between the two sections of the refrigerant circuit 110, thereby increasing the temperature difference between the two sections of the refrigerant circuit 110 and enhancing the heat release effect of the refrigerant temperature. The outdoor heat exchanger 113 is used to exchange heat between the refrigerant circuit and the ambient temperature and transfer the recovered temperature to the indoor evaporator 118 or indoor condenser 119 to cool or heat the vehicle cabin. The compressor 11 is used to heat the refrigerant circuit 110. The first expansion valve 115, the second expansion valve 116, and the third expansion valve 117 are all used to throttle and cool the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit. The low-temperature water tank 141 is used to recover heat generated by the drive motor 142 or the battery assembly 153. The drive motor 142 heats the battery water circuit 150 or the refrigerant circuit 110. The first water pump 143 and the second water pump 151 are both used to drive the flow of coolant in the water circuit 130. The heater 152 can heat the thermal management system 100 as needed.

[0065] The refrigerant circuit 110 and the water circuit 130 are both equipped with multiple control valves to form corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes, and interact with each other to achieve the preset effect. Among them, the three-way refrigerant valve 122, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, the three-way water valve 154 and the five-way water valve 144 used in the thermal management system 100 are all multi-way control valves, which control the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit 110 and the water circuit 130, and can all control the flow of carbon dioxide refrigerant or coolant, so that the thermal management system 100 can freely distribute the flow according to actual needs, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the system and the stability of the system control. Of course, in other embodiments, the multi-way control valve can also be replaced with a control valve group to control the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit 110 and the water circuit 130. In addition, a motor control module is also connected in series in the motor water circuit 140, and the motor drive module is connected in series with the drive motor 142 to further recover the heat near the drive motor 142.

[0066] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal management system 100 in the prior art is shown. The refrigerant circuit 110 of the thermal management system 100 in the prior art includes a compressor 111, an outdoor heat exchanger 113, a gas-liquid separator 114, a first expansion valve 115, a second expansion valve 116, a third expansion valve 117, an indoor evaporator 118, an indoor condenser 119, and a second heat exchanger 120. The motor water circuit 140 includes a low-temperature water tank 141, a drive motor 142, The first water pump 143, three-way water valve 154, four-way water valve 131, and battery water circuit 150 utilize a second heat exchanger 120, a second water pump 151, a heater 152, a battery assembly 153, a three-way water valve 154, a four-way water valve 131, a heating water pump 156, and a heater core 155. Compared to the prior art, this solution eliminates the need for a heating water pump 156 and heater core 155 to heat the vehicle interior and / or the battery assembly 153, thereby saving energy for the vehicle. Furthermore, this solution adds an additional first heat exchanger 112 and connects the motor water circuit 140 in parallel with the refrigerant circuit 110, allowing direct heat exchange between the motor water circuit 140 and the refrigerant circuit 110, thereby further recovering heat generated by the motor or using a low-temperature water tank 141 to further cool the refrigerant circuit 110, further saving energy for the vehicle and improving its range.

[0067] The technical solution of the present invention improves the heat exchange efficiency of the thermal management system 100 and saves vehicle energy consumption by providing a refrigerant circuit 110 and a water circuit 130. The refrigerant circuit 110 contains carbon dioxide refrigerant, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the thermal management system 100. The refrigerant circuit 110 includes a compressor 111, a first heat exchanger 112, an outdoor heat exchanger 113, a gas-liquid separator 114, a first expansion valve 115, a second expansion valve 116, a third expansion valve 117, an indoor evaporator 118, an indoor condenser 119, a second heat exchanger 120, a four-way refrigerant valve 121, and a three-way refrigerant valve 122. These components form corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes. The water circuit 130 contains coolant and includes a motor water circuit 140 and a battery water circuit 150. The motor water circuit 140 includes multiple components, including a low-temperature water tank 141, a first heat exchanger 112, a drive motor 142, a first water pump 143, and a five-way water valve 144, forming corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes. The battery water circuit 150 includes multiple components, including a second heat exchanger 120, a second water pump 151, a heater 152, a battery assembly 153, a three-way water valve 154, and a five-way water valve 144, forming corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes. The refrigerant circuit 110 and the water circuit 130 cooperate with each other to achieve the desired effect. Compared to existing technologies, this solution eliminates the need for a heating water pump 156 and a heater core 155 to heat the vehicle interior and / or the battery assembly 153, thereby saving energy consumption. In addition, this solution adds an additional first heat exchanger 112 and connects it in parallel with the refrigerant circuit 110, so that the motor water circuit 140 and the refrigerant circuit 110 can directly exchange heat, thereby further recovering the heat generated by the motor or using a low-temperature water tank 141 to further cool the refrigerant circuit 110, thereby further saving the vehicle's energy consumption and improving the vehicle's endurance.

[0068] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the different thermal management modes include a first thermal management mode, in which the refrigerant circuit 110 has a first refrigerant circuit 160 and / or a second refrigerant circuit 161;

[0069] The first refrigerant circuit 160 is a closed circuit formed by the compressor 111, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, the first heat exchanger 112, the outdoor heat exchanger 113, the gas-liquid separator 114, the first expansion valve 115, the indoor evaporator 118, the third expansion valve 117, the indoor condenser 119, the three-way refrigerant valve 122, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, and the gas-liquid separator 114, which are connected in series in sequence.

[0070] The second refrigerant circuit 161 is a closed circuit formed by the compressor 111, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, the first heat exchanger 112, the outdoor heat exchanger 113, the gas-liquid separator 114, the first expansion valve 115, the second expansion valve 116, the second heat exchanger 120, the three-way refrigerant valve 122, the four-way refrigerant valve 121 and the gas-liquid separator 114 connected in series in sequence.

[0071] Specifically, the first thermal management mode is mainly used to cool the car, and is mainly suitable for when the ambient temperature is above 25°. The first refrigerant circuit 160 is mainly used to cool the cabin. The carbon dioxide refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 111 and its temperature rises. Then, it flows through the first heat exchanger 112, the outdoor heat exchanger 113 and the gas-liquid separator 114 in sequence through the four-way refrigerant valve 121 to absorb the heat of the carbon dioxide refrigerant, so that the first refrigerant circuit 160 is cooled, and then flows through the first expansion valve 115 to cool the first refrigerant circuit. 160 is further cooled, and the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant is further reduced after passing through the indoor evaporator 118, and the cabin is cooled. Then, the carbon dioxide refrigerant temperature is further reduced after flowing into the third expansion valve 117 and throttled. Then, the carbon dioxide refrigerant temperature is further reduced after flowing through the indoor condenser 119, so that the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant is increased. Then, the carbon dioxide refrigerant flows through the three-way refrigerant valve 122 through the four-way refrigerant valve 121, and then flows through the gas-liquid separator 114, so that the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant is increased, and then flows back to the compressor 111 again, thereby forming a complete first refrigerant circuit 160.

[0072] The second refrigerant circuit 161 is mainly used to cool the battery assembly 153. The temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant increases after being compressed by the compressor 111, and then flows through the first heat exchanger 112, the outdoor heat exchanger 113 and the gas-liquid separator 114 in sequence through the four-way refrigerant valve 121 to absorb the heat of the carbon dioxide refrigerant, so that the first refrigerant circuit 160 is cooled, and then flows through the first expansion valve 115 and the second expansion valve 116 in sequence to further cool the second refrigerant circuit 161, and exchanges heat with the battery water circuit 150 through the second heat exchanger 120, thereby taking away the temperature generated by the battery assembly 153. At this time, the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant increases, and after the second refrigerant circuit 161 cools the battery assembly 153, the carbon dioxide refrigerant flows through the three-way refrigerant valve 122 through the four-way refrigerant valve 121, and then flows through the gas-liquid separator 114 to increase the temperature of the carbon dioxide refrigerant and then flows back to the compressor 111 again, thereby forming a complete second refrigerant circuit 161. In the first thermal management mode, the first refrigerant circuit 160 and the second refrigerant circuit 161 may be turned on simultaneously, or only the first refrigerant circuit 160 or only the second refrigerant circuit 161 may be turned on.

[0073] Reference Figure 4At this time, the battery assembly 153 has no cooling requirement or has active cooling requirement. In one embodiment, in the first thermal management mode, the motor water circuit 140 has a first motor circuit 162, the battery water circuit 150 has a first battery circuit 163, and the first motor circuit 162 and the first battery circuit 163 are connected in parallel through the five-way water valve 144. The first motor circuit 162 is connected in parallel with the first refrigerant circuit 160 and / or the second refrigerant circuit 161 through the first heat exchanger 112, and the first battery circuit 163 is connected in parallel with the second refrigerant circuit 161 through the second heat exchanger 120.

[0074] The first motor circuit 162 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144, the first water pump 143, the drive motor 142, the first heat exchanger 112, and the low-temperature water tank 141 connected in series.

[0075] The first battery circuit 163 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144 , the second heat exchanger 120 , the second water pump 151 , the battery assembly 153 , and the three-way water valve 154 connected in series.

[0076] Specifically, at this time, the battery assembly 153 has no cooling demand or has an active cooling demand, that is, the temperature of the battery assembly 153 itself is relatively low, such as when the battery assembly 153 has just started to work. At this time, the water circuit 130 is in a normal state, the motor water circuit 140 forms a first motor circuit 162, the battery water circuit 150 forms a first battery circuit 163, and the first motor circuit 162 and the first battery circuit 163 are connected in parallel through the five-way water valve 144, that is, the first motor circuit 162 and the first battery circuit 163 do not exchange heat, but only exchange heat with the first refrigerant circuit 160 and / or the second refrigerant circuit 161 respectively. Among them, the first motor circuit 162 exchanges heat with the first refrigerant circuit 160 and / or the second refrigerant circuit 161 through the first heat exchanger 112, so the first refrigerant circuit 160 and the second refrigerant circuit 161 overlap at this location, so the first motor circuit 162 exchanges heat with the first refrigerant circuit 160 and / or the second refrigerant circuit 161. Because the carbon dioxide refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchanger 112 is compressed and heated by the compressor 111, the coolant temperature in the first motor circuit 162 is lower than that of the carbon dioxide refrigerant. Therefore, the first motor circuit 162 absorbs heat from the first refrigerant circuit 160 and / or the second refrigerant circuit 161. Therefore, under the action of the first water pump 143, the coolant sequentially absorbs heat from the drive motor 142 and the first heat exchanger 112 through the five-way water valve 144 and transfers it to the low-temperature water tank 141, causing the coolant to cool again. The coolant then flows back to the five-way water valve 144, thus forming a complete first motor circuit 162.

[0077] Under the action of second water pump 151, coolant flows through five-way water valve 144 to battery assembly 153, absorbing heat generated by battery assembly 153 and transferring the heat to second heat exchanger 120, and then to second refrigerant circuit 161, thereby cooling battery assembly 153. Because the carbon dioxide refrigerant flowing through second heat exchanger 120 is cooled sequentially through first heat exchanger 112, outdoor heat exchanger 113, gas-liquid separator 114, first expansion valve 115, and second expansion valve 116, it effectively removes heat generated by battery assembly 153, ensuring that battery assembly 153 maintains a high power utilization rate, thereby improving the vehicle's endurance.

[0078] Reference Figure 5 When the battery assembly 153 meets the passive cooling conditions, in one embodiment, in the first thermal management mode, the motor water circuit 140 and the battery water circuit 150 are connected in series through the five-way water valve 144 to form a first circuit 164. The first circuit 164 is connected in parallel with the second refrigerant circuit 161 through the second heat exchanger 120, and is connected in parallel with the first refrigerant circuit 160 and / or the second refrigerant circuit 161 through the first heat exchanger 112.

[0079] The first circuit 164 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144, the second heat exchanger 120, the second water pump 151, the battery assembly 153, the three-way water valve 154, the five-way water valve 144, the first water pump 143, the drive motor 142, the first heat exchanger 112, and the low-temperature water tank 141 connected in series.

[0080] Specifically, at this time, the battery assembly 153 meets the passive cooling conditions, that is, the battery assembly 153 needs the low-temperature water tank 141 in the first circuit 164 to cool it down, that is, the water circuit 130 is in a low-temperature heat dissipation state, and the motor water circuit 140 and the battery water circuit 150 are connected in series through the five-way water valve 144 to form the first circuit 164, that is, the motor water circuit 140 and the battery water circuit 150 have heat exchange, and the first circuit 164 respectively exchanges heat with the first refrigerant circuit 160 and / or the second refrigerant circuit 161. At this point, the coolant, under the action of the second water pump 151, flows through the five-way water valve 144 to the battery assembly 153, absorbing the heat generated by the battery assembly 153. After that, it flows again through the five-way water valve 144 and, through the action of the first water pump 143, to the drive motor 142, absorbing the heat generated by the drive motor 142 again, and then transferring the heat to the low-temperature water tank 141. The low-temperature water tank 141 absorbs the heat from the coolant, cooling it again, and then flows back to the five-way water valve 144, thus completing the first loop 164. At this point, the battery assembly 153 and the drive motor 142 both generate relatively little heat, and the low-temperature water tank 141 can meet their cooling needs. There is no need to use the second heat exchanger 120 to absorb the heat from the battery assembly 153, thus eliminating the need to activate the second refrigerant loop 161, further saving energy for the vehicle.

[0081] Reference Figure 6 In one embodiment, the different thermal management modes further include a second thermal management mode. In the second thermal management mode, the refrigerant circuit 110 has a third refrigerant circuit 170.

[0082] The third refrigerant circuit 170 is a closed circuit formed by the compressor 111, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, the three-way refrigerant valve 122, the third expansion valve 117, the indoor evaporator 118, and the four-way refrigerant valve 121 connected in series in sequence, and the indoor condenser 119 and the second heat exchanger 120 are connected in parallel between the three-way refrigerant valve 122 and the third expansion valve 117, and the three-way refrigerant valve 122 can adjust the flow rate of carbon dioxide refrigerant flowing through the indoor condenser 119 and the second heat exchanger 120.

[0083] Specifically, in the second thermal management mode, the vehicle cabin has a certain cooling demand, while also ensuring that the air outlet temperature is within a comfortable range. This mode can also take into account multi-temperature zone air conditioning conditions and cabin dehumidification, and is primarily suitable for ambient temperatures between 15° and 25°. After being compressed by compressor 111, the carbon dioxide refrigerant's temperature rises. It then flows sequentially through four-way refrigerant valve 121 and three-way refrigerant valve 122. Because three-way refrigerant valve 122 has a first outlet and a second outlet, the carbon dioxide refrigerant branching out through the first outlet flows through indoor condenser 119, releasing heat. The branching out through the second outlet flows to second heat exchanger 120, releasing heat. The two branched flows then merge at third expansion valve 117, where they are throttled and cooled. The flow then flows into indoor evaporator 118 to cool the cabin. The flow then flows through four-way refrigerant valve 121 again before returning to compressor 111, thus forming a complete third refrigerant circuit 170. Among them, the indoor condenser 119 is mainly used to adjust the outlet air temperature of the indoor evaporator 118, which can not only ensure a certain cooling demand but also have a certain dehumidification effect. Because the three-way refrigerant valve 122 can adjust the carbon dioxide refrigerant flow through the indoor condenser 119 and the second heat exchanger 120, by precisely controlling the carbon dioxide refrigerant flow at the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet, the indoor evaporator 118 can be regulated by the indoor condenser 119 to ensure that it has a certain dehumidification temperature and the outlet air temperature of the indoor air conditioner is guaranteed, and the excess heat is discharged through the second heat exchanger 120.

[0084] Furthermore, in the second thermal management mode, the motor water circuit 140 and the battery water circuit 150 are connected in series via the five-way water valve 144 to form a second circuit 171 , and the second circuit 171 is connected in parallel to the third refrigerant circuit 170 via the second heat exchanger 120 ;

[0085] The second circuit 171 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144, the second heat exchanger 120, the second water pump 151, the three-way water valve 154, the five-way water valve 144, the first water pump 143, the drive motor 142, and the low-temperature water tank 141 connected in series.

[0086] Specifically, because the ambient temperature is between 15° and 25°, the battery assembly 153 is in a state of high utilization, so there is no need to heat or cool the battery assembly 153, but the liquid after heat exchange by the second heat exchanger 120 needs to be absorbed by the low-temperature water tank 141. At this time, the coolant flows to the second heat exchanger 120 through the five-way water valve 144 under the action of the second water pump 151, absorbs the heat transferred by the third refrigerant circuit 170, and then flows to the drive motor 142 again through the five-way water valve 144 and the first water pump 143, and absorbs the heat generated by the drive motor 142 again, and transfers it to the low-temperature water tank 141, so that the coolant is cooled again, and then flows back to the five-way water valve 144, thereby forming a complete second circuit 171. In the prior art, referring to Figure 2 The carbon dioxide refrigerant circuit 110 is compressed by compressor 111, raising its temperature. It then flows through indoor condenser 119 to release heat, then flows sequentially through outdoor heat exchanger 113 and gas-liquid separator 114 before flowing into indoor evaporator 118 to cool the cabin. After passing through gas-liquid separator 114, it flows back to compressor 111. The coolant in battery water circuit 150 passes through three-way valve 154 and, under the action of heating water pump 156, sequentially heats the PCT and heater core 155. This allows the heater core 155 and indoor condenser 119 to jointly control the indoor evaporator 118, thereby ensuring the indoor air temperature. Therefore, in the existing technology, it is impossible to control the carbon dioxide refrigerant flow of the indoor condenser 119, and thus it is impossible to directly regulate the indoor evaporator 118 through the indoor condenser 119. Only an additional heating water pump 156 and a warm air core 155 can be provided to jointly ensure the air outlet temperature of the indoor air conditioner. The solution is more complicated, and the heating power of the heating water pump 156 and the warm air core 155 is additionally increased, resulting in unnecessary waste.

[0087] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The different thermal management modes also include a third thermal management mode, which includes a first use state. In the first use state, the refrigerant circuit 110 has a fourth refrigerant circuit 180, and the motor water circuit 140 and the battery water circuit 150 are connected in series through the five-way water valve 144 to form a third circuit 181. The third circuit 181 is connected in parallel with the fourth refrigerant circuit 180 through the first heat exchanger 112;

[0088] The fourth refrigerant circuit 180 is a closed circuit formed by the compressor 111, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, the three-way refrigerant valve 122, the indoor condenser 119, the third expansion valve 117, the indoor evaporator 118, the first expansion valve 115, the gas-liquid separator 114, the outdoor heat exchanger 113, the first heat exchanger 112, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, and the gas-liquid separator 114, which are connected in series in sequence.

[0089] The third circuit 181 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144, the second heat exchanger 120, the second water pump 151, the battery assembly 153, the three-way water valve 154, the five-way water valve 144, the first water pump 143, the drive motor 142, the first heat exchanger 112, and the low-temperature water tank 141 connected in series.

[0090] Specifically, refer to Figure 7 In the third thermal management mode, the vehicle cabin requires both dehumidification and a significant heating requirement. This mode is primarily suitable for ambient temperatures between 0° and 15°. If the battery assembly 153 requires cooling, low-temperature heat dissipation is prioritized. This involves transferring heat generated by the battery assembly 153 to the surrounding environment via the low-temperature water tank 141. This means that the motor water circuit 140 exchanges heat with the battery water circuit 150 and with the fourth refrigerant circuit 180. Under the action of the second water pump 151, the coolant flows through the five-way water valve 144 to the battery assembly 153, absorbing heat from the battery assembly 153. The coolant then flows through the five-way water valve 144 and, through the action of the first water pump 143, to the drive motor 142, where it absorbs heat again. After heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 112, the coolant transfers heat to the low-temperature water tank 141, which absorbs the coolant's heat, cooling it. The coolant then flows back to the five-way water valve 144, completing the third circuit 181. At this time, the carbon dioxide refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 111 and its temperature rises. It then flows through the four-way refrigerant valve 121 and the three-way refrigerant valve 122 in sequence, and flows out from the three-way refrigerant valve 122 to the indoor condenser 119 to heat the cabin. It then flows through the third expansion valve 117 to throttle and cool down, and then flows into the indoor evaporator 118, so that the indoor evaporator 118 maintains a dehumidification temperature of 0° to 10°. It then flows through the gas-liquid separator 114, flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 113, and absorbs heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 113. It then flows through the first heat exchanger 112 for heat exchange, and flows through the four-way refrigerant valve 121 and the gas-liquid separator 114 again before flowing back to the compressor 111, thereby forming a complete fourth refrigerant circuit 180.

[0091] Reference Figure 8In one embodiment, the third thermal management mode further includes a second use state, which can be switched with the first use state. In the second use state, the refrigerant circuit 110 has a fifth refrigerant circuit 182, and the motor water circuit 140 and the battery water circuit 150 are connected in series via a five-way water valve 144 to form a fourth circuit 183. The fourth circuit 183 is connected in parallel with the fifth refrigerant circuit 182 via the second heat exchanger 120.

[0092] The fifth refrigerant circuit 182 is a closed circuit formed by the compressor 111, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, the three-way refrigerant valve 122, the indoor condenser 119, the third expansion valve 117, the indoor evaporator 118, the second expansion valve 116, the second heat exchanger 120, and the four-way refrigerant valve 121 connected in series.

[0093] The fourth circuit 183 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144, the second heat exchanger 120, the second water pump 151, the battery assembly 153, the three-way water valve 154, the five-way water valve 144, the first water pump 143, the drive motor 142, and the low-temperature water tank 141 connected in series.

[0094] Specifically, in the third thermal management mode, if the battery assembly 153 generates a large amount of heat, such as when the battery assembly 153 is in a high-current fast charging state, the internal temperature of the battery assembly 153 may rise rapidly. At this time, if the water circuit 130 is still in the low-temperature heat dissipation mode, it cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements of the battery assembly 153, that is, it switches from the first usage state to the second usage state. At this time, the heat generated by the battery assembly 153 is absorbed by the low-temperature water tank 141 and the second heat exchanger 120. At this time, under the action of the second water pump 151, the coolant flows to the battery assembly 153 through the five-way water valve 144, absorbs the heat generated by the battery assembly 153, and then flows to the drive motor 142 through the five-way water valve 144 again through the action of the first water pump 143, and absorbs the heat generated by the drive motor 142 again, and transfers the heat to the low-temperature water tank 141. The low-temperature water tank 141 absorbs the heat of the coolant to cool the coolant, and then flows through the five-way water valve 144 and then flows through the second heat exchanger 120 again, so that the second heat exchanger 120 absorbs the remaining heat, thereby forming a complete fourth loop 183. At this point, the CO2 refrigerant, after being compressed by compressor 111, increases in temperature. It then flows sequentially through four-way refrigerant valve 121 and three-way refrigerant valve 122, exiting from three-way refrigerant valve 122 to indoor condenser 119, heating the vehicle cabin. It then flows through third expansion valve 117 for throttling and cooling, before flowing into indoor evaporator 118, maintaining a dehumidification temperature of 0° to 10°. It then flows through second expansion valve 116 for throttling and cooling, before entering second heat exchanger 120 to absorb heat generated by battery assembly 153 in fourth circuit 183. It then flows through four-way refrigerant valve 121 again before returning to compressor 111, completing fifth refrigerant circuit 182. The heat absorbed by second heat exchanger 120 can be further transferred along with the CO2 refrigerant to indoor condenser 119, heating the vehicle cabin. This reduces the efficiency of indoor condenser 119 and lowers vehicle energy consumption.

[0095] Combined with reference Figures 9 to 12 In one embodiment, the different thermal management modes further include a fourth thermal management mode, the fourth thermal management mode including a third use state and a fourth use state that can be switched between each other, and both the third use state and the fourth use state have a sixth refrigerant circuit 190 and / or a seventh refrigerant circuit 191;

[0096] The sixth refrigerant circuit 190 is a closed circuit formed by the compressor 111, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, the three-way refrigerant valve 122, the indoor condenser 119, the third expansion valve 117, the indoor evaporator 118, the first expansion valve 115, the gas-liquid separator 114, the outdoor heat exchanger 113, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, and the gas-liquid separator 114, which are connected in series in sequence.

[0097] The seventh refrigerant circuit 191 is a closed circuit formed by the compressor 111, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, the three-way refrigerant valve 122, the second heat exchanger 120, the second expansion valve 116, the first expansion valve 115, the gas-liquid separator 114, the outdoor heat exchanger 113, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, and the gas-liquid separator 114 connected in series.

[0098] Specifically, in the fourth thermal management mode, the cabin has a greater heating demand, so in the early stage of the thermal management mode startup and when the thermal management system 100 is overloaded, it is in the third use state, and the heater 152 may be needed for supplementary heat. After the thermal management system 100 has been running for a period of time, it can be switched to the fourth use state, so that the heater 152 does not need to be constantly supplementing heat for the thermal management system 100, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the vehicle. And in the third use state and the fourth use state, there is a sixth refrigerant circuit 190 and / or a seventh refrigerant circuit 191, that is, the sixth refrigerant circuit 190 and the seventh refrigerant circuit 191 in the third use state and the fourth use state can be turned on at the same time according to actual needs, or only the sixth refrigerant circuit 190 can be turned on, or only the seventh refrigerant circuit 191 can be turned on. Among them, referring to Figures 9 to 11 The sixth refrigerant circuit 190 is mainly used to heat the vehicle cabin. At this time, the carbon dioxide refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 111 and its temperature increases. It then flows through the four-way refrigerant valve 121 and the three-way refrigerant valve 122 in sequence, and flows out from the three-way refrigerant valve 122 to the indoor condenser 119 to heat the vehicle cabin. It then flows through the third expansion valve 117 for throttling and cooling, and then flows into the indoor evaporator 118. It then flows through the first expansion valve 115 for throttling and cooling again. After reaching the gas-liquid separator 114, it flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 113 to absorb heat, and then flows through the four-way refrigerant valve 121 again and flows back to the compressor 111, thus forming a complete sixth refrigerant circuit 190. The seventh refrigerant circuit 191 is mainly used to heat the battery. At this time, the carbon dioxide refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 111 and its temperature increases. It then flows through the four-way refrigerant valve 121 and the three-way refrigerant valve 122 in sequence, and flows out from the three-way refrigerant valve 122 to the second heat exchanger 120 and treats the battery assembly 153. It then flows through the second expansion valve 116 for throttling and cooling. After reaching the gas-liquid separator 114, it flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 113 to absorb heat, flows through the four-way refrigerant valve 121 again, and flows back to the compressor 111, thus forming a complete seventh refrigerant circuit 191. In this solution, the combination of the four-way refrigerant valve 121, the three-way refrigerant valve 122 and the stop valve enables the thermal management system 100 to independently perform heat pump heating of the battery assembly 153 at low temperatures, and can also perform heat pump heating simultaneously with the vehicle cabin, expanding the heat pump function, effectively reducing the energy consumption of heating the battery assembly 153, and improving the low-temperature cruising range of the electric vehicle.

[0099] Reference Figure 9In one embodiment, in the third usage state, the motor water circuit 140 includes a second motor circuit 192 , the battery water circuit 150 includes a second battery circuit 193 , and the second motor circuit 192 and the second battery circuit 193 are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve 144 , and the second battery circuit 193 and the seventh refrigerant circuit 191 are connected in parallel via the second heat exchanger 120 ;

[0100] The second motor circuit 192 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144, the first water pump 143, and the drive motor 142 connected in series;

[0101] The second battery circuit 193 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144, the second heat exchanger 120, the second water pump 151, the heater 152, the battery assembly 153, and the three-way water valve 154 connected in series.

[0102] Specifically, in the third operating state, supplemental heating from heater 152 is required. At this point, the second motor circuit 192 and the second battery circuit 193 are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve 144. This means that each circuit maintains its own heat, preventing heat exchange. Furthermore, the second battery circuit 193 and the seventh refrigerant circuit 191 are connected in parallel via the second heat exchanger 120. This allows the seventh refrigerant circuit 191 to heat the battery assembly 153 via the second heat exchanger 120, resulting in a high energy efficiency for the battery assembly 153 and improving the vehicle's range. In the second motor circuit 192, coolant is continuously circulated between the five-way water valve 144 and the drive motor 142 by the first water pump 143, thereby maintaining heat for the drive motor 142. In the second battery circuit 193, the coolant flows from the five-way water valve 144 to the second heat exchanger 120 under the action of the second water pump 151 to heat the coolant, then flows through the heater 152 for secondary heating, and then is transferred to the battery assembly 153 to keep the battery assembly 153 warm, thereby forming a complete second motor circuit 192.

[0103] Reference Figure 10 In one embodiment, in the fourth usage state, the motor water circuit 140 includes a third motor circuit 194 , the battery water circuit 150 includes a third battery circuit 195 , and the third motor circuit 194 and the third battery circuit 195 are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve 144 , and the third battery circuit 195 and the seventh refrigerant circuit 191 are connected in parallel via the second heat exchanger 120 ;

[0104] The third motor circuit 194 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144, the first water pump 143, and the drive motor 142 connected in series;

[0105] The third battery circuit 195 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144 , the second heat exchanger 120 , the second water pump 151 , the battery assembly 153 , and the three-way water valve 154 connected in series.

[0106] Specifically, in the fourth operating state, the third motor circuit 194 and the third battery circuit 195 are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve 144. This means that the third motor circuit 194 and the third battery circuit 195 are each insulated, with no heat exchange occurring. Furthermore, the third battery circuit 195 is connected in parallel with the seventh refrigerant circuit 191 via the second heat exchanger 120. This allows the seventh refrigerant circuit 191 to heat the battery assembly 153 via the second heat exchanger 120, resulting in a high energy utilization rate for the battery assembly 153 and improved battery life. In the third motor circuit 194, the coolant, driven by the first water pump 143, continuously circulates between the five-way water valve 144 and the drive motor 142, thereby maintaining heat for the drive motor 142. In the third battery circuit 195, the coolant, driven by the second water pump 151, flows from the five-way water valve 144 to the second heat exchanger 120, where it is heated. The heat is then transferred to the battery assembly 153, maintaining heat for the battery assembly 153, thus completing the third motor circuit 194.

[0107] Reference Figure 11 In one embodiment, the fourth thermal management mode further includes a fifth use state. In the fifth use state, the refrigerant circuit 110 includes a sixth refrigerant circuit 190 and / or a seventh refrigerant circuit 191. The motor water circuit 140 and the battery water circuit 150 are connected in series via a five-way water valve 144 to form a fifth circuit 196. The fifth circuit 196 is connected in parallel with the seventh refrigerant circuit 191 via the second heat exchanger 120.

[0108] The fifth circuit 196 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144, the second heat exchanger 120, the second water pump 151, the battery assembly 153, the three-way water valve 154, the five-way water valve 144, the first water pump 143, and the drive motor 142 connected in series.

[0109] Specifically, in the third and fourth operating states, the third motor circuit 194 and the third battery circuit 195 are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve 144, i.e., the third motor circuit 194 and the third battery circuit 195 are each kept warm, and no heat exchange occurs. When the coolant temperature in the motor water circuit 140 exceeds a certain maximum temperature of the battery assembly 153, the drive motor 142 can also simultaneously heat the battery assembly 153, i.e., in the fifth operating state. In the fifth operating state, the refrigerant circuit 110 still includes the sixth refrigerant circuit 190 and / or the seventh refrigerant circuit 191, and the motor water circuit 140 and the battery water circuit 150 are connected in series via the five-way water valve 144 to form the fifth circuit 196, i.e., heat exchange occurs between the motor water circuit 140 and the battery water circuit 150. At this time, under the action of the first water pump 143, the coolant flows from the five-way water valve 144 to the drive motor 142, thereby recovering the heat generated by the drive motor 142, and then flows through the five-way water valve 144 again. Under the action of the second water pump 151, it flows from the five-way water valve 144 to the second heat exchanger 120 to heat the coolant again, transfers the heat to the battery assembly 153 to keep the battery assembly 153 warm, and then flows back to the five-way water valve 144, thus forming a complete fifth loop 196.

[0110] Reference Figure 12 In one embodiment, the fourth thermal management mode further includes a sixth use state. In the sixth use state, the refrigerant circuit 110 includes an eighth refrigerant circuit 197. The motor water circuit 140 and the battery water circuit 150 are connected in series via a five-way water valve 144 to form a sixth circuit 198. The sixth circuit 198 is connected in parallel to the eighth refrigerant circuit 197 via the second heat exchanger 120.

[0111] The eighth refrigerant circuit 197 is a closed circuit formed by the compressor 111, the four-way refrigerant valve 121, the three-way refrigerant valve 122, the indoor condenser 119, the third expansion valve 117, the indoor evaporator 118, and the four-way refrigerant valve 121, which are connected in series in sequence. Furthermore, the circuit formed by the second expansion valve 116 and the second heat exchanger 120 in series and the circuit formed by the first expansion valve 115, the gas-liquid separator 114, and the outdoor heat exchanger 113 in series are connected in parallel between the indoor evaporator 118 and the four-way refrigerant valve 121.

[0112] The sixth circuit 198 is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve 144, the second heat exchanger 120, the second water pump 151, the three-way water valve 154, the five-way water valve 144, the first water pump 143, and the drive motor 142 connected in series.

[0113] Specifically, in the sixth usage state, when the battery assembly 153 does not need to be heated, the heat generated by the drive motor 142 can be transferred to the refrigerant circuit 110 through the water circuit 130. This further recovers the heat of the motor water circuit 140 and saves energy consumption of the car. At this time, the carbon dioxide refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 111 and its temperature rises. It then flows through the four-way refrigerant valve 121 and the three-way refrigerant valve 122 in sequence, and flows out from the three-way refrigerant valve 122 to the indoor condenser 119 and heats the cabin. It then flows through the third expansion valve 117 to throttle and cool down, and then flows into the indoor evaporator 118. After flowing out of the indoor evaporator 118, it is divided into two branches, and the two branches are set as the first branch and the second branch. The carbon dioxide refrigerant flows through the first branch. After coming out, it is throttled and cooled by the second expansion valve 116 and then flows through the second heat exchanger 120 to recover the heat generated by the drive motor 142. The carbon dioxide refrigerant flows out through the second branch and is throttled and cooled again by the first expansion valve 115. After reaching the gas-liquid separator 114, it flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 113 to absorb heat. Then, the first branch and the second branch are merged and flow through the four-way refrigerant valve 121 and the gas-liquid separator 114 again, and then flows back to the compressor 111, thereby forming a complete eighth refrigerant circuit 197. At this time, the coolant in the sixth circuit 198 flows from the five-way water valve 144 to the drive motor 142 under the action of the first water pump 143, thereby recovering the heat generated by the drive motor 142, and then flows through the five-way water valve 144 again. Under the action of the second water pump 151, it flows from the five-way water valve 144 to the second heat exchanger 120, transfers heat to the eighth refrigerant circuit 197 through the second heat exchanger 120, and then flows back to the five-way water valve 144, thus forming a complete sixth circuit 198.

[0114] The present invention also proposes a car, which includes a thermal management system 100. The specific structure of the thermal management system 100 refers to the above-mentioned embodiment. Since this car adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0115] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the contents of the present invention description and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized in that: include: a refrigerant circuit having carbon dioxide refrigerant therein, the refrigerant circuit including a compressor, a first heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a third expansion valve, an indoor evaporator, an indoor condenser, a second heat exchanger, a four-way refrigerant valve, and a three-way refrigerant valve, the refrigerant circuit forming a corresponding circuit according to the requirements of different thermal management modes; and a water circuit having coolant therein, the water circuit including a motor water circuit and a battery water circuit, the motor water circuit including a low-temperature water tank, the first heat exchanger, the drive motor, the first water pump, and a five-way water valve, forming corresponding circuits according to the requirements of different thermal management modes; The battery water circuit includes the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the heater, the battery assembly, the three-way water valve, and the five-way water valve, forming a corresponding circuit according to the requirements of different thermal management modes; The different thermal management modes include a second thermal management mode, in which the refrigerant circuit has a third refrigerant circuit; The third refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the third expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, and the four-way refrigerant valve connected in series in sequence, and the indoor condenser and the second heat exchanger are connected in parallel between the three-way refrigerant valve and the third expansion valve, and the three-way refrigerant valve can adjust the flow rate of the carbon dioxide refrigerant flowing through the indoor condenser and the second heat exchanger.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: The different thermal management modes further include a first thermal management mode, in which the refrigerant circuit includes a first refrigerant circuit and / or a second refrigerant circuit; The first refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the first heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger, the gas-liquid separator, the first expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, the third expansion valve, the indoor condenser, the three-way refrigerant valve, the four-way refrigerant valve, and the gas-liquid separator connected in series in sequence; The second refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the first heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger, the gas-liquid separator, the first expansion valve, the second expansion valve, the second heat exchanger, the three-way refrigerant valve, the four-way refrigerant valve and the gas-liquid separator connected in series in sequence.

3. The thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: In the first thermal management mode, the motor water circuit includes a first motor circuit, the battery water circuit includes a first battery circuit, the first motor circuit and the first battery circuit are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve, the first motor circuit and the first refrigerant circuit and / or the second refrigerant circuit are connected in parallel via the first heat exchanger, and the first battery circuit and the second refrigerant circuit are connected in parallel via the second heat exchanger; The first motor circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the first water pump, the drive motor, the first heat exchanger, and the low-temperature water tank connected in series in sequence; The first battery circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, and the three-way water valve connected in series.

4. The thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein: In the first thermal management mode, the motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series through the five-way water valve to form a first circuit. The first circuit is connected in parallel with the second refrigerant circuit via the second heat exchanger, and is also connected in parallel with the first refrigerant circuit and / or the second refrigerant circuit via the first heat exchanger. The first circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, the drive motor, the first heat exchanger, and the low-temperature water tank connected in series.

5. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: In the second thermal management mode, the motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series through the five-way water valve to form a second circuit, and the second circuit is connected in parallel with the third refrigerant circuit through the second heat exchanger; The second circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, the drive motor, and the low-temperature water tank connected in series.

6. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: Different from the thermal management mode, the third thermal management mode is further included. The third thermal management mode includes a first usage state. In the first usage state, the refrigerant circuit has a fourth refrigerant circuit. The motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series through the five-way water valve to form a third circuit. The third circuit is connected in parallel with the fourth refrigerant circuit through the first heat exchanger. The fourth refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the indoor condenser, the third expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, the first expansion valve, the gas-liquid separator, the outdoor heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger, the four-way refrigerant valve, and the gas-liquid separator connected in series. The third circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, the drive motor, the first heat exchanger, and the low-temperature water tank connected in series.

7. The thermal management system according to claim 6, wherein: The third thermal management mode also includes a second use state, which is switchable with the first use state. In the second use state, the refrigerant circuit includes a fifth refrigerant circuit, the motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series via the five-way water valve to form a fourth circuit, and the fourth circuit is connected in parallel with the fifth refrigerant circuit via the second heat exchanger; The fifth refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the indoor condenser, the third expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, the second expansion valve, the second heat exchanger, and the four-way refrigerant valve connected in series. The fourth circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, the drive motor, and the low-temperature water tank connected in series.

8. The thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein: Different thermal management modes further include a fourth thermal management mode, the fourth thermal management mode including a third use state and a fourth use state that can be switched between each other, the third use state and the fourth use state both having a sixth refrigerant circuit and / or a seventh refrigerant circuit; The sixth refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by sequentially connecting the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the indoor condenser, the third expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, the first expansion valve, the gas-liquid separator, the outdoor heat exchanger, the four-way refrigerant valve, and the gas-liquid separator in series; The seventh refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the second heat exchanger, the second expansion valve, the first expansion valve, the gas-liquid separator, the outdoor heat exchanger, the four-way refrigerant valve, and the gas-liquid separator connected in series.

9. The thermal management system according to claim 8, wherein: In the third usage state, the motor water circuit includes a second motor circuit, the battery water circuit includes a second battery circuit, the second motor circuit and the second battery circuit are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve, and the second battery circuit and the seventh refrigerant circuit are connected in parallel via the second heat exchanger; The second motor circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the first water pump, and the drive motor connected in series; The second battery circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the heater, the battery assembly, and the three-way water valve connected in series.

10. The thermal management system according to claim 8, wherein: In the fourth usage state, the motor water circuit includes a third motor circuit, the battery water circuit includes a third battery circuit, and the third motor circuit and the third battery circuit are connected in parallel via the five-way water valve, and the third battery circuit and the seventh refrigerant circuit are connected in parallel via the second heat exchanger; The third motor circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the first water pump, and the drive motor connected in series; The third battery circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, and the three-way water valve connected in series.

11. The thermal management system according to claim 8, wherein: The fourth thermal management mode also includes a fifth use state. In the fifth use state, the refrigerant circuit includes the sixth refrigerant circuit and / or the seventh refrigerant circuit, the motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series via the five-way water valve to form a fifth circuit, and the fifth circuit is connected in parallel with the seventh refrigerant circuit via the second heat exchanger. The fifth circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the battery assembly, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, and the drive motor connected in series.

12. The thermal management system according to claim 8, wherein: The fourth thermal management mode also includes a sixth use state. In the sixth use state, the refrigerant circuit includes an eighth refrigerant circuit. The motor water circuit and the battery water circuit are connected in series via the five-way water valve to form a sixth circuit. The sixth circuit is connected in parallel with the eighth refrigerant circuit via the second heat exchanger. The eighth refrigerant circuit is a closed circuit formed by the compressor, the four-way refrigerant valve, the three-way refrigerant valve, the indoor condenser, the third expansion valve, the indoor evaporator, and the four-way refrigerant valve connected in series in sequence, and a circuit formed by the second expansion valve and the second heat exchanger connected in series and a circuit formed by the first expansion valve, the gas-liquid separator, and the outdoor heat exchanger connected in series, are connected in parallel between the indoor evaporator and the four-way refrigerant valve; The sixth circuit is a closed circuit formed by the five-way water valve, the second heat exchanger, the second water pump, the three-way water valve, the five-way water valve, the first water pump, and the drive motor connected in series.

13. An automobile, characterized in that: Comprising a thermal management system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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