A vehicle electrical system and a vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a vehicle electrical system and a vehicle, belonging to the technical field of new energy vehicle power battery safety management. The system includes a power battery, a vehicle DC / DC, a monitoring DC / DC, a BMS system, and an in-vehicle monitoring terminal communicatively connected to the BMS system to monitor the state of the power battery. The power battery is respectively connected to the vehicle DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC. The vehicle DC / DC is powered to connect the vehicle low-voltage system, the BMS system, and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal. The monitoring DC / DC is powered to connect the BMS system and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal. The BMS system is also controllably connected to the vehicle DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC. The BMS system obtains the current vehicle state, including the driving state, the charging state, and the parking state. In the driving state, it controls the vehicle DC / DC to supply power to the vehicle low-voltage system, the BMS system, and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal, and the monitoring DC / DC does not work. In the charging state and the parking state, it supplies power to the BMS system and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal through the monitoring DC / DC, and the vehicle DC / DC does not work. The present invention expands the time range of battery monitoring by alternately operating two DC / DCs in three vehicle states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a vehicle electrical system and a vehicle, belonging to the technical field of safety management of power batteries for new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] The "Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Technology Roadmap Figure 2 .0" released on October 27, 2020 also clearly states that with the support of steadily improving new energy vehicle technologies, new energy vehicles have gradually become the mainstream products in the market. The automotive industry has basically achieved electrification transformation, comprehensively mastered key new energy vehicle technologies such as high-efficiency electric drive systems, and reached the international advanced level. Electrification is the general trend of the development of the automotive industry, and power batteries are an important link in the new energy vehicle industry chain.

[0003] In May 2020, the mandatory national standards GB 18384-2020 "Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicles", GB 30381-2020 "Safety Requirements for Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles", and GB 38032-2020 "Safety Requirements for Electric Buses" were approved and released, clarifying the safety standards for electric vehicles and power batteries in China, and providing safety guarantees for the healthy development of the new energy vehicle industry and power batteries in China.

[0004] With the popularization of new energy vehicles, safety problems of electric vehicles occur frequently, most of which are caused by the power battery system, bringing greater negative impacts to society and becoming the primary focus of public attention for new energy vehicles. Therefore, ensuring the safety of the power battery system of new energy vehicles is the key to the sustainable development of the industry.

[0005] The safety of power batteries for new energy vehicles has always been an important factor affecting the development of the industry. Whether the power batteries are safe is directly related to whether the industry can develop sustainably. Manufacturers in the industry have formulated many measures in terms of electricity, structure, and control to solve the safety problems of the battery system, and there has been great improvement and enhancement in system safety. However, due to the complex operating conditions and time periods of vehicles, it is impossible to cover the safety monitoring and measure guarantee in all time domains. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle electrical system and a vehicle, which are used to solve the problems that the operating conditions of vehicles are complex and it is difficult to cover the safety monitoring, early warning, and maintenance in all time domains.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vehicle electrical system and a vehicle, including a power battery, a vehicle DC / DC, a monitoring DC / DC, a BMS system, and an in-vehicle monitoring terminal communicatively connected to the BMS system to monitor the state of the power battery; the power battery is respectively connected to the vehicle DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC; the vehicle DC / DC is power-supplied to the vehicle low-voltage system, the BMS system, and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal; the monitoring DC / DC is power-supplied to the BMS system and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal; the BMS system also controls and connects the vehicle DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC;

[0008] The BMS system executes instructions to implement a battery monitoring method, and the battery monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0009] 1) Obtain the current vehicle state; the vehicle state includes a driving state, a charging state, and a parking state;

[0010] 2) In the driving state, control the vehicle DC / DC to supply power to the vehicle low-voltage system, the BMS system, and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal, and the monitoring DC / DC does not work; in the charging state and the parking state, supply power to the BMS system and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal through the monitoring DC / DC, and the vehicle DC / DC does not work.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: in the above three vehicle states, two DC / DC converters are used to supply power alternately, increasing the coverage of the battery monitoring time domain. At the same time, in the non-driving state, the vehicle low-voltage system is not powered, reducing the power consumption of the vehicle and increasing the safety of the vehicle.

[0012] Further, in the above vehicle electrical system, a charging module for charging the power battery is connected to the monitoring DC / DC. In step 2) of the battery monitoring method, in the charging state, the charging module supplies power to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal and the BMS system through the monitoring DC / DC.

[0013] The beneficial effect of doing so is: in the charging state, the charging module not only charges the power battery but also supplies power to the monitoring DC / DC, avoiding the safety hazard caused by the power battery charging and discharging at the same time.

[0014] Further, in the above vehicle electrical system, when the vehicle changes from the driving state to the parking state, the vehicle DC / DC stops supplying power to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal and the BMS system after a set delay time, and within the set time, the monitoring DC / DC is activated to supply power to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal and the BMS system.

[0015] The beneficial effect of doing so is: the vehicle DC / DC powers off with a delay, and the monitoring DC / DC is activated within the extended time to ensure seamless switching between the two DC / DCs, enhancing the stability of the system.

[0016] Further, in the above vehicle electrical system, in step 1) of the battery monitoring method, the vehicle state is judged by the following method: If the working information of the charging module is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the charging state; if the working information of the charging module is not detected and the vehicle main switch information is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the driving state; if the working information of the charging module is not detected and the vehicle main switch information is not detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the parked state.

[0017] The beneficial effect of this is: Logically, the charging state is preferentially judged to avoid driving with the charging gun plugged in and ensure system safety.

[0018] Further, in the above vehicle electrical system, the vehicle main DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC are also respectively power - supply connected to the communication module; in the driving state, the vehicle main DC / DC supplies power to the communication module, and in the charging state and the parked state, the monitoring DC / DC supplies power to the communication module; the in - vehicle monitoring terminal is connected to the communication module, and the communication module is wirelessly connected to the background monitoring platform; when the battery failure information is detected, the in - vehicle monitoring terminal transmits the failure information to the background monitoring platform through the communication module.

[0019] The beneficial effect of this is: The battery warning information is wirelessly transmitted to the background monitoring platform, which is convenient for the background monitoring platform to analyze data and push the warning information to the after - sales personnel, helping the after - sales personnel to handle the failure in time and avoid the expansion of the failure.

[0020] The present invention also provides a vehicle, which includes the above - mentioned vehicle electrical system, including a power battery, a vehicle main DC / DC, a monitoring DC / DC, a BMS system, and an in - vehicle monitoring terminal that is communicatively connected to the BMS system to monitor the state of the power battery; the power battery is respectively connected to the vehicle main DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC; the vehicle main DC / DC is power - supply connected to the vehicle low - voltage system, the BMS system, and the in - vehicle monitoring terminal; the monitoring DC / DC is power - supply connected to the BMS system and the in - vehicle monitoring terminal; the BMS system is also control - connected to the vehicle main DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC;

[0021] The BMS system executes instructions to implement the battery monitoring method, and the battery monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0022] 1) Obtain the current vehicle state; the vehicle state includes a driving state, a charging state, and a parked state;

[0023] 2) In the driving state, control the vehicle main DC / DC to supply power to the vehicle low - voltage system, the BMS system, and the in - vehicle monitoring terminal, and the monitoring DC / DC does not work; in the charging state and the parked state, supply power to the BMS system and the in - vehicle monitoring terminal through the monitoring DC / DC, and the vehicle main DC / DC does not work.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the above three vehicle states, two DC / DC converters are used to supply power alternately, increasing the coverage of the battery monitoring time domain. At the same time, in the non-driving state, the low-voltage system of the whole vehicle is not powered, reducing the power consumption of the whole vehicle and increasing the safety of the vehicle.

[0025] Further, in the above vehicle, the charging module for charging the power battery is connected to the monitoring DC / DC. In step 2) of the battery monitoring method, in the charging state, the charging module supplies power to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal and the BMS system through the monitoring DC / DC.

[0026] The beneficial effect of this is: In the charging state, the charging module not only charges the power battery but also supplies power to the monitoring DC / DC, avoiding the safety hazard caused by the power battery charging and discharging simultaneously.

[0027] Further, in the above vehicle, when the vehicle changes from the driving state to the parking state, the vehicle-mounted DC / DC stops supplying power to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal and the BMS system after a set delay time. Within the set time, the monitoring DC / DC is activated to supply power to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal and the BMS system.

[0028] The beneficial effect of this is: The vehicle-mounted DC / DC powers off with a delay, and the monitoring DC / DC is activated within the extended time to ensure seamless switching between the two DC / DCs, enhancing the stability of the system.

[0029] Further, in the above vehicle, in step 1) of the battery monitoring method, the vehicle state is judged by the following method: If the working information of the charging module is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the charging state; if the working information of the charging module is not detected and the vehicle switch information is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the driving state; if neither the working information of the charging module nor the vehicle switch information is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the parking state.

[0030] The beneficial effect of this is: Logically, the charging state is judged first to avoid driving with the charging gun plugged in and ensure system safety.

[0031] Further, in the above vehicle, the vehicle-mounted DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC are also respectively connected to the communication module for power supply; in the driving state, the vehicle-mounted DC / DC supplies power to the communication module, and in the charging state and the parking state, the monitoring DC / DC supplies power to the communication module; the in-vehicle monitoring terminal is connected to the communication module, and the communication module is wirelessly connected to the background monitoring platform; when a battery fault information is detected, the in-vehicle monitoring terminal transmits the fault information to the background monitoring platform through the communication module.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this are as follows: wirelessly transmit battery warning information to the background monitoring platform, facilitating the background monitoring platform to analyze data and push warning information to after-sales personnel, which helps after-sales personnel handle faults in a timely manner and avoid the expansion of faults. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the full-time domain battery monitoring device.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a flowchart for battery fault diagnosis.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a control flowchart for the vehicle to enter the parked state from the driving state.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a control flowchart for the vehicle to enter the parked state from the charging state. Detailed Implementation Modes

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the technical principles and practical applications of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0038] System Embodiment:

[0039] The full-time domain battery monitoring device involved in the present invention is as Figure 1 shown, including a power battery, a vehicle DC / DC, a monitoring DC / DC, a BMS system, an in-vehicle monitoring terminal, a background monitoring platform, an automatic push system, a vehicle controller and other low-voltage systems. The power battery is the high-voltage power source of a new energy vehicle, providing an input power source for the vehicle DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC; the vehicle DC / DC supplies power to the BMS system, the in-vehicle monitoring terminal, the vehicle controller and other low-voltage systems during driving; the monitoring DC / DC supplies power to the BMS system and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal during parking and charging; the BMS system is a battery management system, realizing the monitoring, safety assessment, fault diagnosis and warning of battery information, and wirelessly transmitting the above information to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal; the in-vehicle monitoring terminal collects battery information and warning information and transmits them to the background monitoring platform; the background monitoring platform displays vehicle battery data and wirelessly transmits fault warning information to the automatic push system; the automatic push system automatically sends fault information to the mobile phone APP of after-sales personnel to ensure that professional after-sales personnel can discover faults in the first time and handle them in a timely manner.

[0040] The power battery is respectively connected to the vehicle DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC; the vehicle DC / DC is powered to connect the vehicle low-voltage system, the BMS system and the vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal; the monitoring DC / DC is powered to connect the BMS system and the vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal; the BMS system also controls and connects the vehicle DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC; the charging module for charging the power battery is connected to the monitoring DC / DC.

[0041] The present invention mainly divides new energy vehicles into three modes according to the actual working conditions: driving state, charging state and parking state; and realizes full-time domain battery monitoring through the control method and monitoring of the conversion between the three modes. As Figure 2 shown, the BMS system divides the vehicle working conditions into three modes by detecting the vehicle ON-fire signal and the plug-in charging signal: as long as the plug-in charging signal is detected, it is considered to be in the charging state regardless of the vehicle ON-fire signal; if the plug-in charging signal is not detected and the vehicle ON-fire signal is detected, it is considered to enter the driving state; if neither the plug-in charging signal nor the vehicle ON-fire signal is detected, it is considered to enter the parking state.

[0042] In the driving state, the power battery provides low-voltage power to the BMS system, the vehicle-mounted terminal system, the vehicle controller and other low-voltage systems through the vehicle DC / DC, and the monitoring DC / DC does not work; in the charging state, the charging module provides low-voltage power to the BMS system and the vehicle-mounted terminal system through the monitoring DC / DC, does not provide low-voltage power to the vehicle controller and other low-voltage systems, and the vehicle DC / DC does not work; in the parking state, the power battery provides low-voltage power to the BMS system and the vehicle-mounted terminal system through the monitoring DC / DC, does not provide low-voltage power to the vehicle controller and other low-voltage systems, and the vehicle DC / DC does not work. Additionally, when switching from the driving state to the parking state, after the vehicle DC / DC is powered off, the BMS system is powered off with a 5S delay. Within 5S, the monitoring DC / DC is activated to work to achieve seamless state switching. In the above three states, the BMS system is responsible for collecting battery information and evaluating the safety state, and transmits it to the vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal in real time. When it detects that the battery has a serious fault, the BMS system transmits the fault information to the monitoring platform through the vehicle-mounted terminal, and the monitoring platform automatically pushes the fault information to the after-sales service personnel, and the after-sales service personnel go to the accident site for professional maintenance in a timely manner.

[0043] From the driving state to the parking state and then back to the driving state:

[0044] As Figure 3As shown, when the vehicle changes from the driving state to the parking state and the vehicle is powered on, the BMS system detects the vehicle ON-fire signal but does not detect the plug-in charging signal. At this time, the vehicle enters the driving state. The vehicle DC / DC starts to work, providing low-voltage power to the BMS system, in-vehicle terminal system, vehicle controller, and other low-voltage systems. The BMS system is responsible for battery information collection and safety status assessment, and transmits it to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal in real time. When a serious battery fault is detected, the BMS system prompts the vehicle to stop through the instrument, and at the same time transmits the fault information to the monitoring platform through the in-vehicle terminal. The monitoring platform automatically pushes the fault information to the after-sales service personnel, and the after-sales service personnel go to the accident site for professional repair in a timely manner. After the vehicle's driving ends, the vehicle ON-fire is turned off, and the vehicle enters the parking state. The vehicle DC / DC is powered off, stopping to provide low-voltage power to the in-vehicle terminal system, vehicle controller, and other low-voltage systems. At this time, the BMS system is powered off with a 5S delay. Within 5S, the monitoring DC / DC is activated to work, achieving a seamless state switch. The monitoring DC / DC provides low-voltage power to the BMS system and in-vehicle terminal system, and does not provide low-voltage power to the vehicle controller and other low-voltage systems. When the vehicle is in the parking state, the BMS system is responsible for battery information collection and safety status assessment, and transmits it to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal in real time. When a serious battery fault is detected, the BMS system transmits the fault information to the monitoring platform through the in-vehicle terminal. The monitoring platform automatically pushes the fault information to the after-sales service personnel, and the after-sales service personnel go to the accident site for professional repair in a timely manner.

[0045] From the charging state to the parking state and then back to the charging state:

[0046] Such as Figure 4As shown, the vehicle enters the parked state from the charging state. The vehicle is charging with the charging gun plugged in. The charger activates the monitoring of the DC / DC operation. The BMS system detects the charging gun plugged-in signal, and the vehicle's DC / DC does not work. At the same time, the monitoring DC / DC provides low-voltage power to the BMS system and the vehicle-mounted terminal system, and does not provide low-voltage power to the vehicle controller and other low-voltage systems. During the charging process, the BMS system is responsible for collecting battery information and evaluating the safety status, and transmits it to the vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal in real time. When a serious battery fault is detected, the BMS system controls the charger to stop charging, and at the same time transmits the fault information to the monitoring platform through the vehicle-mounted terminal. The monitoring platform automatically pushes the fault information to the after-sales service personnel, and the after-sales service personnel go to the accident site for professional repair in a timely manner. After normal charging is completed, the BMS system detects the disappearance of the charging gun signal and does not detect the vehicle ON signal at the same time, then the vehicle enters the parked state. When the vehicle is in the parked state, the monitoring DC / DC works normally, and the vehicle's DC / DC does not work. The monitoring DC / DC provides low-voltage power to the BMS system and the vehicle-mounted terminal system, and does not provide low-voltage power to the vehicle controller and other low-voltage systems. The BMS system is responsible for collecting battery information and evaluating the safety status, and transmits it to the vehicle-mounted monitoring terminal in real time. When a serious battery fault is detected, the BMS system transmits the fault information to the monitoring platform through the vehicle-mounted terminal. The monitoring platform automatically pushes the fault information to the after-sales service personnel, and the after-sales service personnel go to the accident site for professional repair in a timely manner.

[0047] Vehicle embodiment: The vehicle adopts the vehicle electrical system of the vehicle electrical system embodiment. The structure of the vehicle electrical system is described clearly enough in the vehicle electrical system embodiment and will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A vehicle electrical system, characterized in that, It includes a power battery, a vehicle-mounted DC / DC, a monitoring DC / DC, a BMS system, and an in-vehicle monitoring terminal that is communicatively connected to the BMS system to monitor the state of the power battery; the power battery is respectively connected to the vehicle-mounted DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC; the vehicle-mounted DC / DC is power-supplied to the vehicle low-voltage system, the BMS system, and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal; the monitoring DC / DC is power-supplied to the BMS system and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal; the BMS system is also controllably connected to the vehicle-mounted DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC; The BMS system executes instructions to implement a battery monitoring method, and the battery monitoring method includes the following steps: 1) Obtain the current vehicle state; the vehicle state includes a driving state, a charging state, and a parking state; 2) In the driving state, the power battery supplies power to the vehicle low-voltage system, the BMS system, and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal through the vehicle-mounted DC / DC, and the monitoring DC / DC does not work; when the vehicle changes from the driving state to the parking state, the vehicle-mounted DC / DC stops supplying power to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal and the BMS system after a set delay time, and within the set time, the monitoring DC / DC is activated to supply power to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal and the BMS system. In the parking state, the power battery supplies power to the BMS system and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal through the monitoring DC / DC, and the vehicle-mounted DC / DC does not work; in the charging state, a charging module for charging the power battery is connected to the monitoring DC / DC, and the charging module supplies power to the in-vehicle monitoring terminal and the BMS system through the monitoring DC / DC.

2. The vehicle electrical system according to claim 1, wherein In step 1) of the battery monitoring method, the vehicle state is judged by the following method: if the working information of the charging module is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the charging state; if the working information of the charging module is not detected and the vehicle switch information is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the driving state; if neither the working information of the charging module nor the vehicle switch information is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the parking state.

3. The vehicle electrical system according to claim 2, wherein, The vehicle-mounted DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC are also respectively power-supplied to a communication module; In the driving state, the vehicle-mounted DC / DC supplies power to the communication module. In the charging state and the parking state, the monitoring DC / DC supplies power to the communication module; the in-vehicle monitoring terminal is connected to the communication module, and the communication module is wirelessly connected to a background monitoring platform; when a battery failure information is detected, the in-vehicle monitoring terminal transmits the failure information to the background monitoring platform through the communication module.

4. A vehicle, comprising the vehicle electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a power battery, a vehicle-mounted DC / DC, a monitoring DC / DC, a BMS system, and an in-vehicle monitoring terminal that is communicatively connected to the BMS system to monitor the state of the power battery; the power battery is respectively connected to the vehicle-mounted DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC; the vehicle-mounted DC / DC is power-supplied to the vehicle low-voltage system, the BMS system, and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal; the monitoring DC / DC is power-supplied to the BMS system and the in-vehicle monitoring terminal; the BMS system is also controllably connected to the vehicle-mounted DC / DC and the monitoring DC / DC; The BMS system executes instructions to implement a battery monitoring method, and the battery monitoring method includes the following steps: 1) Obtain the current vehicle state; the vehicle state includes a driving state, a charging state, and a parking state; 2) During driving, control the vehicle's DC / DC to supply power to the vehicle's low-voltage system, BMS system, and on-vehicle monitoring terminal, and monitor that the DC / DC is not working; during charging and parking, the monitoring DC / DC supplies power to the BMS system and on-vehicle monitoring terminal, and the vehicle's DC / DC is not working.

5. The vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The charging module used to charge the power battery is connected to the monitoring DC / DC. In step 2) of the battery monitoring method, during the charging state, the charging module supplies power to the on-vehicle monitoring terminal and BMS system through the monitoring DC / DC.

6. The vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the vehicle changes from the driving state to the parking state, the vehicle's DC / DC stops supplying power to the on-vehicle monitoring terminal and BMS system after a set delay time. Within the set time, the monitoring DC / DC is activated to supply power to the on-vehicle monitoring terminal and BMS system.

7. The vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 1) of the battery monitoring method, the vehicle state is judged by the following method: if the working information of the charging module is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the charging state; if the working information of the charging module is not detected, and the vehicle switch information is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the driving state; if neither the working information of the charging module nor the vehicle switch information is detected, it is considered that the vehicle is in the parking state.

8. The vehicle according to claim 7, wherein The vehicle's DC / DC and monitoring DC / DC are also respectively connected to the communication module for power supply; during driving, the vehicle's DC / DC supplies power to the communication module, and during charging and parking, the monitoring DC / DC supplies power to the communication module; the on-vehicle monitoring terminal is connected to the communication module, and the communication module is wirelessly connected to the background monitoring platform; when a battery failure information is detected, the on-vehicle monitoring terminal transmits the failure information through the communication module.

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