A planting method for intercropping kudzu vine and agarwood

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method of intercropping kudzu and agarwood. By intercropping kudzu with agarwood, a medicinal and edible plant, kudzu and agarwood complement each other: kudzu fixes nitrogen, improves soil fertility, and reduces fertilizer input; kudzu builds a frame to guide vines, which can provide a shade environment for agarwood in summer to prevent leaf burns and leaf fall; agarwood covers the ground surface to prevent weeds, reduce the use of herbicides, improve soil moisture, and promote the growth of kudzu; intercropping agarwood does not compete with grain for land, solves the problem of agarwood raw material shortage required for enterprise production, further improves land utilization, and increases crop yield and planting income.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a planting method for intercropping kudzu vine and agarwood. [Background technology]

[0002] Pueraria lobata contains a lot of starch, dietary fiber, amino acids, trace elements and other ingredients that are beneficial to the human body. It is a plant that can be used as both medicine and food. Pueraria lobata belongs to the Fabaceae subfamily of plants. The nodulation rate of rhizobia in its root system is as high as over 90%, so it has a strong biological nitrogen fixation effect. As a deciduous vine, Pueraria lobata needs to be vine-guided and built with a trellis during its growth period. The height of the trellis is 2m-2.5m, so as to improve the photosynthesis of the Pueraria lobata plant and promote the expansion of the Pueraria lobata root tubers. The rapid expansion period of the roots is from August to September. The growth period is preferably 300-360 days (harvesting time is around December), when the quality is best.

[0003] Teng County, Wuzhou, Guangxi, is a famous "hometown of kudzu" in China. The county has a planting area of ​​more than 50,000 mu, produces more than 125,000 tons of kudzu, and has a fresh kudzu output value of 550 million yuan. At present, kudzu planting in Teng County is mainly monoculture, with sporadic intercropping of peanuts, taro, vegetables, etc. During the growth cycle, especially in the early growth period, because kudzu plants grow slowly and more exposed ground provides growth space for weeds, farmers often spray chemical herbicides to prevent and control weed growth. The long-term use of chemical herbicides not only reduces soil quality, but also easily causes excessive pesticide residues in kudzu tubers, thereby reducing the quality of kudzu. At the same time, the large amount of exposed ground in the early growth period also results in low land utilization and soil and water loss caused by rain erosion, making it difficult to ensure a high unit planting benefit.

[0004] Agar grass is an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Agar grass in the family Lamiaceae. It is also called fairy grass and fairy grass. It is a medicinal plant that can be used as both medicine and food. Its main production areas in my country are distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and other places. The plant height is generally around 70cm, and it is a short-stemmed plant. The growth cycle is 150-180 days. The medicinal part is the above-ground part of the plant, among which the leaves have the highest content of polysaccharides, an effective ingredient, and are generally harvested in August-September. Since agar grass is also a shallow-rooted herb, it is not drought-resistant and flood-resistant. There is currently no special herbicide. Therefore, in production, a weed-proof and moisturizing cultivation mode combining black film covering cultivation with manual weeding is often adopted. However, strong sunlight exposure in the late growth stage will cause leaf burns, restricted root growth, and lead to leaf fall and accumulation of effective ingredients polysaccharides, which ultimately affect the yield and quality of agar grass.

[0005] Based on the above problems faced in the planting process of kudzu and agarwood, the intercropping mode of kudzu and agarwood is adopted by making full use of the mutually beneficial relationship between the tall kudzu plant and the short kudzu plant. Through reasonable planting time, planting density and field management, kudzu can provide the shading environment required for the agarwood in the later growth period, and agarwood can increase the ground cover and biodiversity of kudzu plots, improve soil moisture, improve soil water and soil conservation performance, and improve the planting efficiency per unit area of ​​land.

[0006] At present, although there are studies on intercropping dwarf plants with kudzu to improve land utilization and planting benefits, for example, China Invention Patent Publication No. CN114793787A, a high-efficiency mixed planting technology of kudzu and watermelon, China Invention Patent Publication No. CN114521446A, a planting method of intercropping kudzu in red soil hilly tea garden, China Invention Patent Publication No. CN110463547A, a high-yield cultivation method of intercropping red black gastrodia and kudzu, China Invention Patent Publication No. CN105850433A, a high-efficiency mixed planting technology of ginger and kudzu, China Invention Patent Publication No. CN104509359A, a cultivation method of intercropping bamboo fungus and kudzu. It can be seen that the prior art does not disclose a planting method of intercropping kudzu and agarwood. [Summary of the invention]

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned problems faced in the existing planting process of kudzu and agarwood, the present invention provides a planting method for intercropping kudzu and agarwood, which fully utilizes the advantageous characteristics of the mutual beneficial symbiosis and mutual promotion of the growth of the two plants, avoids the use of chemical herbicides in the planting process of kudzu and solves the problem of leaf burns of agarwood in the late growth period, improves the ground coverage rate and the soil's water and soil retention capacity, fully utilizes spatial light energy and soil fertility, forms a reasonable composite planting group structure, and ultimately improves the planting efficiency per unit area of ​​land.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A method for intercropping kudzu vine and agarwood comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) Selection of planting plots: It is advisable to choose plots with good water sources, sufficient sunlight, deep soil, loose and fertile, slightly acidic to neutral sandy loam or loam. It is not advisable to choose plots for continuous cropping;

[0011] (2) Land preparation and ridge formation: One month before planting, the soil is plowed, loosened and leveled with a tiller. After applying base fertilizer, furrows are dug and ridges are formed. The width of the ridge base is 120-140 cm, the height is 60-70 cm, and the width of the drainage ditch between ridges is 40-60 cm. The ridges are in the shape of a turtle back, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0012] (3) Pueraria seedling propagation: When digging Pueraria, choose strong middle rattans with full buds as seed stems, bury them with wet sand, and cover the top with straw to keep moisture. From February 23 to March 5, dig out the seed stems and trim them into 7-8 cm long cuttings with one bud. When cutting the stems, the length above the bud accounts for about 1 / 3, and the length below the bud accounts for about 2 / 3. Cuttings are carried out in the prepared seedbed with a plant spacing of 3×10 cm. After cutting, water the cuttings to ensure rooting, and build a white plastic arch shed to keep them warm and moist. Pay attention to watering and moisturizing during the seedling raising period.

[0013] (4) Seedling propagation of agarwood: After harvesting agarwood, leave the perennial roots and build a plastic arch shed to overwinter. During the winter, do a good job of water and fertilizer management. From March 5 to March 15, select strong branches sprouting from the perennial roots as mother ears for cuttings. Trim the mother ears into cuttings about 5 cm long, with 2 leaves on the upper nodes and no leaves on the lower nodes. After treating the cuttings with indole-naphthaleneacetic acid rooting agent, hold the upper node with the index finger and thumb and insert it into a 72-hole seedling tray filled with sandy loam. After cutting, water the cuttings enough to establish roots, build a white plastic arch shed to keep warm and moisturize, and pay attention to watering and moisturizing during the seedling raising period;

[0014] (5) Planting of Pueraria lobata: Plant Pueraria lobata seedlings from March 15 to March 25. Fill a black plastic bag with a bottom length of 30 cm and fill it with fine soil to a height of 18-20 cm. Place it upside down in the middle of the ridge, with the bag opening facing downwards. Do not seal the bag opening. Then transplant the Pueraria lobata seedlings to both sides of the bottom of the plastic bag, with one seedling on each side and a distance of 70 cm between each plastic bag. After transplanting, water the bag thoroughly to allow the seeds to take root.

[0015] (6) Planting of agarwood: One week before planting, water the seedlings with 300 times diluted BASF Yara Supreme potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. From April 5 to April 15, cover the two sides of the planting ridges in the kudzu plot with black film and plant agarwood seedlings with a row spacing of 35 cm × 40 cm. After transplanting, water them thoroughly to establish roots.

[0016] (7) Fertilization: The first topdressing should be carried out 45-50 days after the transplanting of the agarwood. The type of topdressing is the same as the fertilizer for the agarwood cuttings. The fertilizer should be applied in holes between the agarwood plant spacing and the kudzu planting bag spacing, at a rate of 40kg / 667m 2 The second topdressing is carried out 40 days after the first topdressing. The mulch film should be uncovered before topdressing. The type, method and amount of topdressing are the same as the first time. The third topdressing is carried out after the harvest of the jelly grass. The type of topdressing is the same as the previous two times. It is applied in holes and the amount is 50kg / 667m 2 ;

[0017] (8) Field management: Manual weeding on a regular basis, without spraying any herbicides, inserting kudzu vines to guide vines, topping to control seedlings, and selecting kudzu vines that have emerged;

[0018] (9) Pest and disease control: Pueraria lobata has relatively few pests and diseases, mainly rust and cutworms. In the early stage of rust, spray 70% mancozeb wettable powder 1000 times diluted plus 15% triadimefon wettable powder 1000 times diluted, once every 20 days, and spray 2-3 times in a row; cutworms mainly harm seedlings, and can be sprayed with 90% trichlorfon 800 times diluted; for diseases of agar grass, spray thiophanate-methyl + chlorothalonil to prevent the occurrence of fungal and bacterial diseases, and use chlorpyrifos and emamectin benzoate to control the damage of Spodoptera litura and white cabbage butterfly;

[0019] (10) Harvesting: The agarwood can be harvested 120 days after transplanting and establishing. The upper part of the agarwood can be harvested from August 5 to August 15, and the underground tubers of Pueraria lobata can be dug out from December 10 to January 10 of the following year.

[0020] In the present invention:

[0021] The base fertilizer described in step (2) is: new organic fertilizer (organic matter 70%, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content 6%, functional bacteria content 600 million / g, pH 7.0), 200kg / 667m 2 ; Calcium magnesium phosphorus soil conditioner (P2O5 ≥ 16%, MgO ≥ 2%, CaO ≥ 15%), 50kg / 667m 2 BASF Yara Supreme potassium sulfate compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O total nutrients ≥ 45%, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content 15% each), 40kg / 667m 2 .

[0022] The kudzu vine described in step (3) is selected from the local small-leaf kudzu vine of Teng County.

[0023] The Pueraria lobata seedlings described in step (5) are seedlings propagated by cuttings of Pueraria lobata vines, the length of the vine leaf buds is 2-3 cm, and they are transplanted just after root sprouting or before root growth.

[0024] The black film covering in step (6) is to cover both sides of the ridge of Pueraria lobata in time after the Pueraria lobata seedlings are transplanted and watered thoroughly to conserve soil, fertilizer and moisture. The agarwood seedlings are seedlings with soil propagated by plug tray cuttings, that is, the root soil mass is not scattered.

[0025] The method of guiding the vines of the kudzu vines by inserting poles in step (8) is to keep only one main seedling and remove the other side buds when the kudzu seedlings are 15 cm high. When the main seedlings are 50 cm high, bamboo poles with a stem thickness of 5 cm and a length of 2 m are inserted alternately on both sides of the kudzu seedlings to guide the kudzu vines up the poles.

[0026] The topping and seedling control described in step (8) is to remove all side vines below 1.5m of the main trunk kudzu seedling, and to top the side vines above 1.5m when the main trunk kudzu seedling grows to 2m. Thereafter, topping is performed when the side buds grow to 30cm, and the buds are removed once every 15 days.

[0027] The step (8) of selecting the exposed kudzu is to remove the black plastic planting bag to expose the kudzu heads 10 days after the main trunk kudzu seedlings are topped, and then start to leave the kudzu heads 10 days after the exposure, leaving 2-3 kudzu heads per plant, and use a knife to cut off the horizontally growing fibrous roots and oblique tuberous roots. The second kudzu leaving is carried out 20 days after the first kudzu leaving, and the method is the same as the first time. The kudzu leaving should be carried out in the morning or evening on a sunny day.

[0028] The above-ground part of the jelly grass is harvested at 2 cm above the ground in step (10) to prevent the harvested part from being contaminated with soil.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] First, Pueraria lobata is a tall plant with deep taproots that likes light, and Agarwood is a short plant with semi-creeping shallow roots. The intercropping method of Pueraria lobata and Agarwood described in the present invention combines high and low plants for composite planting, which fully improves the utilization rate of light energy in three-dimensional space.

[0031] Secondly, the growth period of Pueraria lobata is relatively long, and the crown width of the plant in the early growth stage is not large. The exposed ground on both sides of the planting ridge can be used to plant the medicinal plant Agarwood with a short growth period, further improving the land multiple cropping index;

[0032] Third, the vines of kudzu provide a shade environment for the later growth of jelly grass, preventing the leaves of jelly grass from being burned by strong sunlight in the later growth period. At the same time, the jelly grass covering the ground increases the soil moisture for kudzu and inhibits the growth of weeds in the field, avoiding the use of chemical herbicides. Both of them can achieve what they need, improve soil quality and improve the quality of cultivated plant products.

[0033] Fourth, Pueraria lobata belongs to the Fabaceae subfamily in the Leguminosae family. The nodulation rate of its root nodules is as high as over 90%, and it has a strong biological nitrogen fixation effect, which just provides a certain amount of nitrogen nutrition for the above-ground growth of agar-agar grass. At the same time, intercropping agar-agar grass on both sides of the Pueraria lobata ridges not only solves the problem of agar-agar grass competing for land with grain, but also saves fertilizer input, solves the shortage of agar-agar grass raw materials needed for enterprise production, and ultimately improves the planting efficiency per unit land area.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the growth status of a method for intercropping Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass in an experimental example of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a close-up view of the growth status of a method for intercropping Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass in an experimental example of the present invention. [Specific implementation method]

[0036] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with examples.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] A method for intercropping kudzu vine and agarwood comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) Selection of planting plots: It is advisable to choose plots with good water sources, sufficient sunlight, deep soil, loose and fertile, slightly acidic to neutral sandy loam or loam. It is not advisable to choose plots for continuous cropping;

[0040] (2) Land preparation and ridge formation: One month before planting, the soil is plowed, loosened and leveled with a tiller. After applying base fertilizer, furrows are dug and ridges are formed. The ridge base width is 120 cm, the ridge height is 60 cm, and the width of the drainage ditch bottom between ridges is 40 cm. The ridges are in the shape of a turtle back, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0041] (3) Pueraria seedling propagation: When digging Pueraria, select strong middle rattans with full buds as seed stems, bury them with wet sand, and cover the top with straw to keep moisture. On February 23, dig out the seed stems and trim them into 7 cm long cuttings with one bud. When cutting the stems, the length above the bud accounts for about 1 / 3, and the length below the bud accounts for about 2 / 3. Cuttings are carried out in the prepared seedbed with a plant spacing of 3×10 cm. After cutting, water the cuttings to ensure rooting, and build a white plastic arch shed to keep them warm and moist. Pay attention to watering and moisturizing during the seedling raising period.

[0042] (4) Seedling propagation of agarwood: After harvesting agarwood, leave perennial roots and build a plastic arch shed to overwinter, and do a good job of water and fertilizer management during the overwintering period; on March 5, select strong branches sprouting from perennial roots as mother ears for cuttings, trim the mother ears into cuttings about 5 cm long, with 2 leaves on the upper nodes and no leaves on the lower nodes, treat the cuttings with indole-naphthaleneacetic acid rooting agent, hold the upper node with the index finger and thumb and insert it into a 72-hole seedling tray filled with sandy loam, and irrigate the cuttings with enough water to establish roots after cuttings, build a white plastic arch shed to keep warm and moisturize, and pay attention to watering and moisturizing during the seedling raising period;

[0043] (5) Planting of Pueraria lobata: On March 15, Pueraria lobata seedlings were planted. A black plastic bag with a bottom length of 30 cm was filled with fine soil to a height of 18 cm and then inverted in the middle of the ridge, with the bag opening facing downwards and not sealed. Pueraria lobata seedlings were then transplanted and planted on both sides of the bottom of the plastic bag, with one seedling on each side and a distance of 70 cm between each plastic bag. After transplanting, sufficient water was poured to allow the seeds to take root.

[0044] (6) Planting of kudzu vine: One week before planting, water the seedlings with 300 times diluted BASF Yara Supreme potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. On April 5, cover the two sides of the ridges for planting kudzu vine seedlings with black film, with a row spacing of 35 cm × 40 cm. After transplanting, water them thoroughly to establish roots.

[0045] (7) Fertilization: The first topdressing should be carried out 45 days after the transplanting of the agarwood. The type of topdressing is the same as the fertilizer for the agarwood cuttings. The fertilizer should be applied in holes between the agarwood plant spacing and the kudzu planting bag spacing, at a rate of 40kg / 667m 2 The second topdressing is carried out 40 days after the first topdressing. The mulch film should be uncovered before topdressing. The type, method and amount of topdressing are the same as the first time. The third topdressing is carried out in mid-August after the harvest of the agar grass. The type of topdressing is the same as the previous two times, and the amount is 50kg / 667m 2 ;

[0046] (8) Field management: Manual weeding on a regular basis, without spraying any herbicides, inserting kudzu vines to guide vines, topping to control seedlings, and selecting kudzu vines that have emerged;

[0047] (9) Pest and disease control: Pueraria lobata has relatively few pests and diseases, mainly rust and cutworms. In the early stage of rust, spray 70% mancozeb wettable powder 1000 times diluted plus 15% triadimefon wettable powder 1000 times diluted, once every 20 days, and spray 2-3 times in a row; cutworms mainly harm seedlings, and can be sprayed with 90% trichlorfon 800 times diluted; for diseases of agar grass, spray thiophanate-methyl + chlorothalonil to prevent the occurrence of fungal and bacterial diseases, and use chlorpyrifos and emamectin benzoate to control the damage of Spodoptera litura and white cabbage butterfly;

[0048] (10) Harvesting: The agarwood can be harvested 120 days after transplanting and planting. The upper part of the agarwood can be harvested on August 5th; the underground tubers of Pueraria lobata can be dug out on December 10th.

[0049] Embodiment 2:

[0050] A method for intercropping kudzu vine and agarwood comprises the following steps:

[0051] (1) Planting plot selection: the same as in Example 1;

[0052] (2) Land preparation and ridge formation: One month before planting, the soil is plowed, loosened and leveled with a tiller. After applying base fertilizer, furrows are dug and ridges are formed. The width of the ridge base is 130 cm, the height is 65 cm, and the width of the drainage ditch between ridges is 50 cm. The ridges are in the shape of a turtle back, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0053] (3) Pueraria seedling propagation: When digging Pueraria, select strong middle rattans with full buds as seed stems, bury them with wet sand, and cover the top with straw to keep moisture. On February 28, dig out the seed stems and trim them into 7.5 cm long cuttings with one bud. When cutting the stems, the length above the bud accounts for about 1 / 3, and the length below the bud accounts for about 2 / 3. Cuttings are carried out in the prepared seedbed with a plant spacing of 3×10 cm. After cutting, water the cuttings to ensure that they take root. Build a white plastic arch shed to keep them warm and moist. Pay attention to watering and moisturizing during the seedling raising period.

[0054] (4) Seedling propagation of agarwood: After harvesting agarwood, leave perennial roots and build a plastic arch shed to overwinter, and do a good job of water and fertilizer management during the overwintering period; on March 10, select strong branches sprouting from perennial roots as mother ears for cuttings, trim the mother ears into cuttings about 5 cm long, with 2 leaves on the upper nodes and no leaves on the lower nodes, treat the cuttings with indole-naphthaleneacetic acid rooting agent, hold the upper node with the index finger and thumb and insert it into a 72-hole seedling tray filled with sandy loam, and irrigate the cuttings with enough water to establish roots after cuttings, build a white plastic arch shed to keep warm and moisturize, and pay attention to watering and moisturizing during the seedling raising period;

[0055] (5) Planting of Pueraria lobata: On March 20, Pueraria lobata seedlings were planted. A black plastic bag with a bottom length of 30 cm was filled with fine soil to a height of 19 cm and then inverted in the middle of the ridge, with the bag opening facing downwards and not sealed. Pueraria lobata seedlings were then transplanted and planted on both sides of the bottom of the plastic bag, with one seedling on each side and a distance of 70 cm between each plastic bag. After transplanting, sufficient water was poured to allow the seeds to take root.

[0056] (6) Planting of agarwood: One week before planting, water the seedlings with 300 times diluted BASF Yara Supreme potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. On April 10, cover the two sides of the planting ridges in the kudzu plot with black film and plant agarwood seedlings with a row spacing of 35 cm × 40 cm. After transplanting, water them thoroughly to establish roots.

[0057] (7) Fertilization: The first topdressing should be carried out 47 days after the transplanting of the agarwood. The type of topdressing is the same as the fertilizer for the agarwood cuttings. The fertilizer should be applied in holes between the agarwood plant spacing and the kudzu planting bag spacing, at a rate of 40kg / 667m 2 The second topdressing is carried out 40 days after the first topdressing. The mulch film should be uncovered before topdressing. The type, method and amount of topdressing are the same as the first time. The third topdressing is carried out in mid-August after the harvest of the agar grass. The type of topdressing is the same as the previous two times, and the amount is 50kg / 667m 2 ;

[0058] (8) Field management: same as in Example 1;

[0059] (9) Pest control: same as in Example 1;

[0060] (10) Harvesting: The agarwood can be harvested 120 days after transplanting and establishing. The upper part of the agarwood can be harvested on August 10; the underground tubers of Pueraria lobata can be dug out on December 25.

[0061] Embodiment 3:

[0062] A method for intercropping kudzu vine and agarwood comprises the following steps:

[0063] (1) Planting plot selection: the same as in Example 1;

[0064] (2) Land preparation and ridge formation: One month before planting, the soil is plowed, loosened and leveled with a tiller. After applying base fertilizer, furrows are dug and ridges are formed. The ridge base width is 140 cm, the ridge height is 70 cm, and the width of the drainage ditch bottom between ridges is 60 cm. The ridges are in the shape of a turtle back, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0065] (3) Pueraria seedling propagation: When digging Pueraria, select strong middle rattans with full buds as seed stems, bury them with wet sand, and cover the top with straw to keep moisture. On March 5, dig out the seed stems and trim them into 8 cm long cuttings with one bud. When cutting the stems, the length above the bud accounts for about 1 / 3, and the length below the bud accounts for about 2 / 3. Cuttings are carried out in the prepared seedbed with a plant spacing of 3×10 cm. After cutting, water the cuttings to ensure that they take root. Build a white plastic arch shed to keep them warm and moist. Pay attention to watering and moisturizing during the seedling raising period.

[0066] (4) Seedling propagation of agarwood: After harvesting agarwood, leave perennial roots and build a plastic arch shed to overwinter, and do a good job of water and fertilizer management during the winter; on March 15, select strong branches sprouting from perennial roots as mother ears for cuttings, trim the mother ears into cuttings about 5 cm long, with 2 leaves on the upper nodes and no leaves on the lower nodes, treat the cuttings with indole-naphthaleneacetic acid rooting agent, hold the upper node with the index finger and thumb and insert it into a 72-hole seedling tray filled with sandy loam, and irrigate the cuttings with enough water to establish roots after cuttings, build a white plastic arch shed to keep warm and moisturize, and pay attention to watering and moisturizing during the seedling raising period;

[0067] (5) Planting of Pueraria lobata: On March 25, Pueraria lobata seedlings were planted. A black plastic bag with a bottom length of 30 cm was filled with fine soil from the planting plot to a height of 20 cm and then inverted in the middle of the ridge, with the bag opening facing downwards and not sealed. Pueraria lobata seedlings were then transplanted and planted on both sides of the bottom of the plastic bag, with one seedling on each side and a distance of 70 cm between each plastic bag. After transplanting, sufficient water was poured to allow the seeds to take root.

[0068] (6) Planting of agarwood: One week before planting, water the seedlings with 300 times diluted BASF Yara Supreme potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. On April 15, cover the two sides of the planting ridges in the kudzu plot with black film and plant agarwood seedlings with a row spacing of 35 cm × 40 cm. After transplanting, water them thoroughly to establish roots.

[0069] (7) Fertilization: The first topdressing should be carried out 50 days after the transplanting of the agarwood. The type of topdressing is the same as the fertilizer for the agarwood cuttings. The fertilizer should be applied in holes between the agarwood plant spacing and the kudzu planting bag spacing, at a rate of 40kg / 667m 2 The second topdressing is carried out 40 days after the first topdressing. The mulch film should be uncovered before topdressing. The type, method and amount of topdressing are the same as the first time. The third topdressing is carried out in mid-August after the harvest of the agar grass. The type of topdressing is the same as the previous two times, and the amount is 50kg / 667m 2 ;

[0070] (8) Field management: same as in Example 1;

[0071] (9) Pest control: same as in Example 1;

[0072] (10) Harvesting: The grass agarwood can be harvested 120 days after transplanting and planting. The upper part of the grass agarwood can be harvested on August 15th; the underground tubers of Pueraria lobata can be dug up on January 10th of the following year.

[0073] Experimental Example 1: Effects of intercropping methods on Agarwood

[0074] Experimental group 1: the intercropping method of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0075] Control group 1: Agar grass monoculture, with a planting bed width of 140 cm, a height of 30 cm, a drainage ditch width of 40 cm, and other measures being the same as those in Example 1.

[0076] In 2021, the sandy clay loam plot in Muyi Village, Heping Town, Teng County, Guangxi was divided into an experimental group and a control group for planting. Land preparation, seedling cultivation, transplanting, field management, pest and disease control, and harvesting were carried out according to the measures and steps described in Example 1, and the production cost, yield, output value, net income and other indicator data statistics were performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1. Effects of intercropping methods on agarwood

[0078]

[0079] In the present invention, the dry weight of the single plant yield of the agar grass in the experimental group 1 is higher than that in the control group 1, indicating that the pattern of intercropping the agar grass with kudzu is conducive to the growth of the agar grass plants. During the growth of the agar grass, the growth of the agar grass plants in the experimental group 1 and the control group 1 was observed, and it was found that the agar grass leaves did not burn under the intercropping pattern, and the leaves fell less in the later growth period than the control group 1, while the agar grass in the control group 1 caused the leaves to burn due to the direct exposure to the hot sunlight in July, which in turn affected the photosynthesis and nutrient absorption of the leaves, and finally caused the leaves to fall, affecting the yield and quality of the agar grass to a certain extent. As can be seen from Table 1, the net income per mu of the experimental group 1 is 5010 yuan, while that of the control group 1 is only 1931 yuan, indicating that the planting pattern of intercropping the agar grass with kudzu significantly improves the planting income per unit land area.

[0080] Experimental Example 2: Effects of intercropping methods on Pueraria lobata

[0081] Experimental Group 2: the intercropping method of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0082] Control group 2: Pueraria lobata monoculture, the implementation steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0083] In 2021, the sandy clay loam plot in Muyi Village, Heping Town, Teng County, Guangxi was divided into an experimental group and a control group for planting. Land preparation, seedling cultivation, transplanting, field management, pest and disease control, and harvesting were carried out according to the measures and steps described in Example 1, and the production cost, yield, output value, net income and other indicator data statistics were performed. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0084] Table 2. Effects of intercropping methods on Pueraria lobata

[0085]

[0086] In the present invention, the fresh weight of the single plant yield of the kudzu vine in the experimental group 2 is higher than that in the control group 2, indicating that the kudzu vine intercropping with agar grass is conducive to the growth of the kudzu vine plants and promotes the expansion of the underground tubers of the plants. By observing the growth of the kudzu vine plants in the experimental group 2 and the control group 2, it is found that the semi-prostrate growth of the agar grass plants in the intercropping mode increases the soil ground coverage, not only inhibits the growth of weeds in the field, but also helps to maintain soil moisture and soil looseness, increase soil biodiversity and spatial light energy utilization, thereby promoting the growth of the kudzu vine root system and the expansion of the tubers. As can be seen from Table 2, the net income per mu of the experimental group 2 is 5359 yuan, while the control group 2 is only 1970 yuan, indicating that the planting mode of kudzu vine intercropping with agar grass significantly increases the planting income per unit land area.

[0087] The total output value per mu of the intercropping of kudzu and agar grass in Example 3 of the present invention is 9,970 yuan, and the net income per mu is 4,790 yuan. Among them, 700 kudzu plants are planted per mu, with a single plant yield of 3.6 kg fresh weight, a per-mu yield of 2,520 kg, and a per-mu output value of 7,560 yuan; 1,500 agar grass plants are planted per mu, with a single plant yield of 0.189 kg dry weight, a per-mu yield of 283.5 kg dry weight, and a per-mu output value of 2,410 yuan.

[0088] Summarize:

[0089] The intercropping planting method of Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass of the present invention has a total output value of 9,970-10,619 yuan per mu and a net income of 4,790-5,359 yuan per mu, wherein 700-900 Pueraria lobata plants are planted per mu, the fresh weight of a single plant is 2.7-3.6 kg, the yield per mu is 2,430-2,640 kg, and the output value per mu is 7,290-7,920 yuan; 1,500-2,000 Agar-agar grass plants are planted per mu, the dry weight of a single plant is 0.180-0.189 kg, the dry weight of a single plant is 283.5-360 kg, and the output value per mu is 2,410-3,060 yuan.

[0090] The above description is a detailed description of the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modified changes completed under the technical spirit suggested by the present invention should fall within the patent scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intercropping Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Selection of planting plots: Select plots with good water sources, sufficient sunlight, deep soil, loose and fertile, slightly acidic to neutral sandy loam or loam. Do not select plots for continuous cropping; (2) Land preparation and ridge formation: One month before planting, the soil is plowed, loosened and leveled with a tiller. After applying base fertilizer, furrows are dug and ridges are formed. The width of the ridge base is 120-140 cm, the height is 60-70 cm, and the width of the drainage ditch between ridges is 40-60 cm. The ridges are in the shape of a turtle back, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. (3) Pueraria seedling propagation: When digging Pueraria, select strong middle rattans with full buds as seed stems, bury them with wet sand, and cover the top with straw to keep moisture. From February 23 to March 5, dig out the seed stems and trim them into 7-8 cm long cuttings with one bud. When cutting the stems, the length above the bud occupies 1 / 3, and the length below the bud occupies 2 / 3. Cuttings are carried out in the prepared seedbed with a row spacing of 3×10 cm. After cutting, water the cuttings to ensure rooting, and build a white plastic arch shed to keep them warm and moist. Pay attention to watering and moisturizing during the seedling raising period. (4) Seedling propagation of agarwood: After harvesting agarwood, leave perennial roots and build a plastic arch shed to overwinter, and do a good job of water and fertilizer management during the overwintering period; from March 5 to March 15, select strong branches sprouting from perennial roots as mother ears for cuttings, trim the mother ears into 5 cm long cuttings with 2 leaves on the upper nodes and no leaves on the lower nodes, treat the cuttings with indole-naphthaleneacetic acid rooting agent, hold the upper node with the index finger and thumb and insert it into a 72-hole seedling tray filled with sandy loam, and irrigate the cuttings with enough water to establish roots after cuttings, build a white plastic arch shed to keep warm and moisturize, and pay attention to watering and moisturizing during the seedling raising period; (5) Planting of Pueraria lobata: Plant Pueraria lobata seedlings from March 15 to March 25. Fill a black plastic bag with a bottom length of 30 cm and fill it with fine soil to a height of 18-20 cm. Place it upside down in the middle of the ridge, with the bag opening facing downwards. Do not seal the bag opening. Then transplant the Pueraria lobata seedlings to both sides of the bottom of the plastic bag, with one seedling on each side and a distance of 70 cm between each plastic bag. After transplanting, water the bag thoroughly to allow the seeds to take root. (6) Planting of agarwood: One week before planting, water the seedlings with 300 times diluted BASF Yara Supreme potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. From April 5 to April 15, cover the two sides of the planting ridges in the kudzu plot with black film and plant agarwood seedlings with a row spacing of 35 cm × 40 cm. After transplanting, water them thoroughly to establish roots. (7) Fertilization: The first topdressing should be carried out 45-50 days after the transplanting of the agarwood. The type of topdressing is the same as the fertilizer for the agarwood cuttings. The fertilizer should be applied in holes between the agarwood plant spacing and the kudzu planting bag spacing, at a rate of 40kg / 667m 2 The second topdressing is carried out 40 days after the first topdressing. The mulch film should be uncovered before topdressing. The type, method and amount of topdressing are the same as the first time. The third topdressing is carried out in mid-August after the harvest of the agar grass. The type of topdressing is the same as the previous two times, and the amount is 50kg / 667m 2 ; (8) Field management: Manual weeding on a regular basis, without spraying any herbicides, inserting kudzu vines to guide vines, topping to control seedlings, and selecting kudzu vines that have emerged; (9) Pest and disease control: Pests and diseases of Pueraria lobata include rust and cutworms. In the early stage of rust, spray 70% mancozeb wettable powder 1000 times diluted plus 15% triadimefon wettable powder 1000 times diluted for control. Spray once every 20 days for 2-3 times in a row. For cutworms that damage seedlings, spray with 90% trichlorfon 800 times diluted. For agar grass diseases, spray thiophanate-methyl + chlorothalonil to prevent fungal and bacterial diseases. Use chlorpyrifos and emamectin benzoate to control Spodoptera litura and white cabbage butterfly. (10) Harvesting: The agarwood grass is harvested 120 days after transplanting and establishing. The upper part of the agarwood grass is harvested from August 5 to August 15, and the underground tubers of Pueraria lobata are harvested from December 10 to January 10 of the following year.

2. The intercropping method of Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base fertilizer described in step (2) is: New organic fertilizer, organic matter 70%, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content 6%, functional bacteria content 600 million / g, pH 7.0, dosage 200kg / 667m 2 ; Calcium magnesium phosphorus soil conditioner, P2O5 ≥ 16%, MgO ≥ 2%, CaO ≥ 15%, dosage 50kg / 667m 2 ; BASF Yara Supreme Potassium Sulfate, N-P2O5-K2O total nutrient ≥ 45%, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content are 15% each, the dosage is 40kg / 667m 2 .

3. The intercropping method of Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kudzu vine described in step (3) is selected from the local small-leaf kudzu vine of Teng County.

4. The intercropping method of Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Pueraria lobata seedlings described in step (5) are seedlings propagated by cuttings of Pueraria lobata vines, the length of the vine leaf buds is 2-3 cm, and they are transplanted just after root sprouting or before root growth.

5. The intercropping method of Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The black film covering in step (6) is to cover both sides of the ridge of Pueraria lobata in time after the Pueraria lobata seedlings are transplanted and watered thoroughly to conserve soil, fertilizer and moisture. The agarwood seedlings are seedlings with soil propagated by plug tray cuttings, that is, the root soil mass is not scattered.

6. The intercropping method of Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of guiding the vines of the kudzu vines by inserting poles in step (8) is to keep only one main seedling and remove the other side buds when the kudzu seedlings are 15 cm high. When the main seedlings are 50 cm high, bamboo poles with a stem thickness of 5 cm and a length of 2 m are inserted alternately on both sides of the kudzu seedlings to guide the kudzu vines up the poles.

7. The intercropping method of Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The topping and seedling control described in step (8) is to remove all side vines below 1.5m of the main trunk kudzu seedling, and to top the side vines above 1.5m when the main trunk kudzu seedling grows to 2m. Thereafter, topping is performed when the side buds grow to 30cm, and the buds are removed once every 15 days.

8. The intercropping method of Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (8) of selecting the exposed kudzu is to remove the black plastic planting bag to expose the kudzu heads 10 days after the main trunk kudzu seedlings are topped, and then start to leave the kudzu heads 10 days after the exposure, leaving 2-3 kudzu heads per plant, and use a knife to cut off the horizontally growing fibrous roots and oblique tuberous roots. The second kudzu leaving is carried out 20 days after the first kudzu leaving, and the method is the same as the first time. The kudzu leaving should be carried out in the morning or evening on a sunny day.

9. The intercropping method of Pueraria lobata and Agar-agar grass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The above-ground part of the jelly grass is harvested in step (10) at a height of 2 cm from the ground to prevent the harvested part from being contaminated with soil.

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