Machining machine

Abstract

A machining device is provided. The machining device (10) has an operating handle member (18) and a detection mechanism (20). The operating handle member (18) is able to be inclined at the rear end of a main body (40) via a shaft (146). A detection sensor (152) of the detection mechanism (20) is able to detect the inclination of the operating handle member (18). When the chucking of a tool (24) by a chucking mechanism (46) is insufficient, an extended portion (150) of the operating handle member (18) becomes in a state of being inclined rearward. When the spindle unit (14) is lowered, the operating handle member (18) passes through a position facing the detection sensor (152). The operating handle member (18) is detected by the detection sensor (152). Accordingly, the detection sensor reliably detects the insufficient chucking of the tool by the chucking mechanism, and thus the machining of a workpiece by the tool that is not sufficiently chucked can be prevented, and the breakage of the tool or the spindle unit can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a machining machine that uses detachable tools to process workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In the prior art, workpieces are machined using machining machinery equipped with cutting tools and other tools. In the machining process of this workpiece, multiple tools are used sequentially according to the machining location or stage of the workpiece.

[0003] Japanese Patent Publication No. 5345592 discloses a machining machine comprising a spindle assembly, a spindle, a draw bar, a clamping mechanism, and a cam plate. The spindle assembly is axially movable upon the drive of a motor. The spindle is housed within the spindle assembly. The spindle is supported within the spindle assembly by means of a bearing for rotation. The draw bar is housed within the spindle. The draw bar is forceped rearward by a coil spring. A collet chuck is located at the tip of the draw bar. The collet chuck allows a tool to be pulled in and held.

[0004] The clamping mechanism switches the tool's clamped or unclamped state as the traction rod moves. A cam plate is positioned near the rear end of the mandrel assembly. The cam plate tilts in conjunction with the movement of the mandrel assembly. This tilting of the cam plate presses down on the traction rod, causing it to advance. As the traction rod advances, the clamping mechanism releases the tool.

[0005] When using a tool stored in the tool magazine, the spindle assembly is moved towards the tool to insert it into the top of the spindle. Then, the cam plate is released from tilt by lowering the spindle assembly, and the pull rod moves rearward under the force of the coil spring. This causes the collet chuck to reduce its diameter, thus clamping the end of the tool.

[0006] The spindle mechanism rises again, causing the cam plate to tilt. The pull rod is pressed forward, releasing the tool from the clamping position of the collet chuck. The tool in the released state is stored in the tool magazine. The next tool is inserted into the top of the spindle and clamped. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In the aforementioned machining machinery, when a workpiece is being machined by clamping a tool using a clamping mechanism, it is possible that the traction rod may not retract to the designated position for some reason. In this case, the tool may not be adequately held due to the collet chuck not reducing its diameter. Therefore, the clamping status of the tool cannot be detected. The operator cannot visually confirm the inadequate clamping status of the tool.

[0008] When a tool is held in a mandrel with insufficient clamping and the mandrel rotates, the tool cannot rotate with the mandrel. Because the mandrel and tool rotate relative to each other, the workpiece cannot be machined into the desired shape. Furthermore, the relative rotation of the mandrel and tool with insufficient clamping can also lead to breakage.

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0010] The technical solution of this invention is a processing machine having a spindle that rotates a tool.

[0011] The main shaft comprises a hollow spindle, a main body, a clamping mechanism, a traction rod mechanism, a force-applying component, and an operating handle component, wherein...

[0012] The mandrel has a detachable tip portion for attaching the tool;

[0013] The main body supports the mandrel in a manner that allows the mandrel to rotate.

[0014] The clamping mechanism is disposed on the inside of the top end of the mandrel for clamping the tool;

[0015] The traction rod mechanism has a traction rod body disposed inside the spindle and is capable of moving relative to the spindle in the axial direction of the spindle between a retracted position clamping the tool and a forward position releasing the tool, thereby switching the clamping state of the clamping mechanism on the tool.

[0016] The force-applying component applies force to the traction rod mechanism toward the retracted position;

[0017] The operating handle component is tiltable between a first position and a second position, and is configured to push the traction rod mechanism when moving from the first position to the second position, thereby positioning the traction rod mechanism in the forward position at the second position.

[0018] The processing machinery also includes an abutment part and a detection sensor, wherein...

[0019] The abutting portion can press the operating handle component to move the operating handle component from the first position to the second position;

[0020] The detection sensor detects the operating handle component when it is in the second position, or when it is in an intermediate position between the first and second positions.

[0021] The spindle is capable of moving relative to the abutment in a first direction toward the abutment and a second direction away from the abutment.

[0022] When the spindle moves relative to the abutment in the first direction, the operating handle component is pressed by the abutment, thereby moving the operating handle component from the first position to the second position, causing the traction rod mechanism to move to the forward position.

[0023] When the abutment portion is not in contact with the operating handle component and the traction rod mechanism is in the retracted position, the operating handle component is in the first position.

[0024] The detection sensor is configured to detect the operating handle component when the spindle moves relative to the abutment in the second direction and the operating handle component is located in the second position or the intermediate position; and not detect the operating handle component when the spindle moves relative to the abutment in the second direction and the operating handle component is located in the first position.

[0025] According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

[0026] When the tool is not fully clamped at the top of the spindle by the clamping mechanism, the traction rod mechanism does not move to the rearward position via the force-applying component, leaving the operating handle component in the second or intermediate position. Accordingly, when the spindle moves away from the abutment in the second direction, the detection sensor detects the operating handle component.

[0027] As a result, the detection sensor can reliably detect insufficient clamping of the tool by the clamping mechanism. Consequently, it can prevent the machining of workpieces using tools that are not sufficiently clamped, thus preventing damage to the tool or spindle unit.

[0028] The above-described objectives, features, and advantages should be readily understood through the description of the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the processing machinery involved in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A sectional view of the spindle unit in a machining machine.

[0031] Figure 3 It means Figure 2 An enlarged sectional view of the area near the front end of the spindle unit in a machining machine.

[0032] Figure 4 It means Figure 2 An enlarged sectional view near the rear end of the spindle unit in a machining machine.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a front view of the operating handle components and inspection mechanism when observing the machining machinery from the rear.

[0034] Figure 6A This is a magnified main view of the tool magazine where the tools are held in front of the gripper. Figure 6B The tools are kept in Figure 6A A magnified front view of the tool magazine of the fixture.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the action of clamping the tool at the clamping position.

[0036] Figure 8 It means Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the action of the spindle unit rising while the operating handle component contacts the pressing bolt.

[0037] Figure 9 It means Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the action of the spindle unit rising, the operating handle tilting, and the clamping retainer advancing.

[0038] Figure 10 It means Figure 9 The diagram illustrates the action of the main spindle unit rising further to the release position.

[0039] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A diagram illustrating the action of the spindle unit retracting while the tool is removed.

[0040] Figure 12 It means Figure 11 The diagram illustrates the motion of the spindle unit moving forward and a new tool being inserted into the front end.

[0041] Figure 13 It means Figure 12 The diagram illustrates the action of the spindle unit descending while the tool is clamped, showing the clamping state.

[0042] Figure 14 It means Figure 13 The diagram illustrates the action of the spindle unit further descending to the clamping position.

[0043] Figure 15 It is a diagram illustrating the operation of a machining machine in which the tool is held in an insufficiently clamped state.

[0044] Figure 16 It means Figure 15 A diagram illustrating the descent state of the spindle unit. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The machining machine 10 performs machining on a workpiece by selecting one tool 24 from a plurality of tools 24 housed in a tool magazine 22 and driving it to rotate. The tool 24 is, for example, a cutting tool with a cutting edge at its tip.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the machining machine 10 includes a base frame 12, a spindle unit 14, a mounting table 16, an operating handle assembly 18, and a detection mechanism 20. Hereinafter, Figure 1 The left side is referred to as the front of the machining machine 10 (arrow A1 direction). Figure 1 The area to the right of the machine tool 10 is referred to as the rear of the machine tool 10 (in the direction of arrow A2).

[0047] A tool magazine 22 is arranged in front of the spindle unit 14 (see reference). Figure 1 , Figure 6A and Figure 6B The tool magazine 22 is capable of storing multiple tools 24. The tool magazine 22 faces the front end (top) of the spindle unit 14. The tool magazine 22 has a turntable 28 with multiple clamps 26. The turntable 28 is disc-shaped and rotatably configured. Multiple clamps 26 are mounted on the outer edge of the turntable 28. The multiple clamps 26 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the turntable 28. The clamps 26 are capable of holding tools 24. Each clamp 26 stores multiple tools 24, for example, with different cutting edge shapes at their top ends.

[0048] The base frame 12 extends in the vertical direction (direction of arrows B1 and B2). The lower end of the base frame 12 is connected to a forward / backward moving mechanism (not shown). The base frame 12 can move horizontally forward or backward by being driven by the forward / backward moving mechanism.

[0049] The base frame 12 supports the horizontal frame 30. The horizontal frame 30 is movable along the base frame 12 in the vertical direction (arrows B1, B2, and the second direction). The horizontal frame 30 extends along the front-rear direction (arrows A1 and A2) of the processing machine 10. The rear end of the horizontal frame 30 is inserted into the base frame 12. A mounting platform 16, described later, is connected to the front end of the horizontal frame 30. The horizontal frame 30 is moved along the base frame 12 in the vertical direction (arrows B1 and B2) by the drive of the lifting mechanism 32.

[0050] The base frame 12 has a fixing plate 34. The fixing plate 34 is disposed on the upper part of the base frame 12. The fixing plate 34 extends in the vertical direction (arrows B1, B2 direction). The fixing plate 34 is disposed in a forward direction (arrow A1 direction) separate from the base frame 12. The lower end of the fixing plate 34 faces the operating handle component 18 described later. The lower end of the fixing plate 34 has a pressing bolt 36.

[0051] The pressing bolt 36 protrudes downwards from the lower end of the fixing plate 34 (in the direction of arrow B2, along one of the second directions) by a predetermined length. The pressing bolt 36 is threaded onto the lower end of the fixing plate 34. By rotating the pressing bolt 36, the protrusion length of the pressing bolt 36 protruding downwards from the lower end of the fixing plate 34 (in the direction of arrow B2) can be adjusted.

[0052] The lower end of the pressing bolt 36 has an abutment portion 38. The abutment portion 38 is the head of the pressing bolt 36. The abutment portion 38 is a flat surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the pressing bolt 36. The abutment portion 38 faces the upper end of the operating handle component 18, which will be described later. When the spindle unit 14 is raised by the lifting mechanism 32, the upper end of the operating handle component 18 contacts the abutment portion 38.

[0053] The spindle unit 14 has a main body 40, a spindle 42, a traction rod mechanism 44, and a clamping mechanism 46. The spindle unit 14 can move in the vertical direction (arrows B1 and B2) by being driven by the lifting mechanism 32.

[0054] The main body 40 is horizontally arranged along the front-back direction (arrows A1 and A2) of the main shaft unit 14. The main body 40 is positioned in front of the base frame 12 (arrow A1 direction). The main body 40 is positioned above the horizontal frame 30 (arrow B1 direction, one of the directions along the second direction).

[0055] The main body 40 has a front housing 48, a rear housing 50, and a clamping member 52. The front housing 48, the rear housing 50, and the clamping member 52 are arranged in a straight line along the front-back direction (arrows A1 and A2) of the processing machine 10. The front housing 48, the rear housing 50, and the clamping member 52 are arranged coaxially.

[0056] The front housing 48 faces the tool magazine 22 that houses multiple tools 24. The front housing 48 is a cylindrical body with a predetermined length along the axial direction (arrows A1 and A2). The cross-sectional shape of the front housing 48 is circular when viewed from the axial direction. The front housing 48 is positioned from the axial center along the axial direction of the body 40 to the front end. The front housing 48 extends along the front-rear direction (arrows A1 and A2) of the body 40.

[0057] The front end of the front housing 48 has a recess 56. The recess 56 is recessed rearward from the front end of the front housing 48 (in the direction of arrow A2). When viewed axially from the front housing 48, the recess 56 is annular. A portion of the mandrel 42, described later, is inserted into the recess 56.

[0058] The rear end of the front housing 48 has a flange 58. The flange 58 protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the front housing 48. The flange 58 is fixed to the upper part of the mounting platform 16, which will be described later. The front housing 48 is positioned and fixed to the front of the mounting platform 16 (in the direction of arrow A1).

[0059] The front housing 48 has a front receiving hole 60 inside. The front receiving hole 60 extends through the front housing 48 along the axial direction (arrows A1, A2). A spindle 42 is rotatably received in the front receiving hole 60. A first bearing 621 and a second bearing 622 are disposed in the front receiving hole 60.

[0060] The first bearing 621 and the second bearing 622 are disposed between the inner peripheral surface of the front receiving hole 60 and the outer peripheral surface of the spindle 42. The first bearing 621 is disposed at the front end of the front housing 48. The second bearing 622 is disposed at the rear end of the front housing 48. A bearing retainer 64 is provided between the first bearing 621 and the second bearing 622. The bearing retainer 64 is cylindrical. The first bearing 621 and the second bearing 622 are axially separated (in the direction of arrows A1 and A2) by the bearing retainer 64. The first bearing 621 and the second bearing 622 rotatably support the spindle 42.

[0061] The rear housing 50 is positioned near the rear end (base end) of the main body 40. The rear housing 50 is positioned behind the mounting platform 16 (in the direction of arrow A2). The rear housing 50 is fixed to the upper part of the mounting platform 16 via the clamping member 52. A clamp holder 54 for the traction rod mechanism 44 is positioned behind the rear housing 50.

[0062] The rear housing 50 has a rear receiving hole 66 inside. The rear receiving hole 66 houses the internal component 68 of the traction rod mechanism 44, which will be described later.

[0063] The clamping member 52 is connected to the front end of the rear housing 50. The clamping member 52 is fixed to the rear end of the upper part of the mounting platform 16. The clamping member 52 faces the insertion hole 134 of the mounting platform 16 (described later). The clamping member 52 blocks the rear end of the insertion hole 134 (described later). The rear end of the mandrel 42 (described later) is housed inside the clamping member 52.

[0064] The mandrel 42 is a cylindrical body with a predetermined length in the axial direction (arrows A1 and A2). When viewed from the axial direction, the cross-sectional shape of the mandrel 42 is circular. The mandrel 42 has a thick shaft portion 86, a thin shaft portion 88, and a mounting portion 90. The mandrel 42 is capable of rotating within the main body 40.

[0065] The coarse shaft portion 86 has a fixed diameter along the axial direction (arrows A1, A2, front-rear direction). The coarse shaft portion 86 is positioned within a range from approximately the center of the spindle 42 along the axial direction to its front end. The coarse shaft portion 86 is received in the front receiving hole 60 of the front housing 48. The front end of the coarse shaft portion 86 has a mounting portion 90.

[0066] The mounting part 90 is capable of holding the tool 24. The mounting part 90 holds the tool 24 when it is clamped by the clamping mechanism 46. The mounting part 90 has a larger diameter than the coarse shaft part 86.

[0067] The rear end of the mounting portion 90 faces the thick shaft portion 86. The rear end of the mounting portion 90 has a stepped portion 92. The stepped portion 92 is a step that is recessed radially inward from the outer peripheral surface of the mounting portion 90. The stepped portion 92 is inserted into the recess 56 of the front housing 48. The shape of the recess 56 corresponds to the shape of the stepped portion 92. By inserting the stepped portion 92 into the recess 56, the mounting portion 90 of the spindle 42 is coaxially positioned with respect to the front housing 48.

[0068] The spindle 42, including the coarse shaft portion 86, is rotatably supported on the front housing 48 by the first bearing 621 and the second bearing 622.

[0069] A thin shaft portion 88 is positioned approximately from the center of the spindle 42 along its axial direction to its rear end. The thin shaft portion 88 is inserted into a through hole 134 in the mounting base 16 (described later). The rear end of the thin shaft portion 88 is inserted into the interior of the clamping member 52. The thin shaft portion 88 is supported in the through hole 134 in a manner rotatable via the third bearing 94. The rear end of the thin shaft portion 88 is inserted into the outer periphery of the front end of the connecting member 74. The thin shaft portion 88 is connected to the front end of the connecting member 74. The connecting member 74 is rotatable with the spindle 42. That is, the spindle 42 is rotatably supported inside the main body 40 by the first bearing 621, the second bearing 622, and the third bearing 94.

[0070] The spindle 42 has a through hole 96 inside. The through hole 96 extends along the axial direction of the spindle 42 (in the direction of arrows A1 and A2). The through hole 96 has a first hole portion 98, a second hole portion 100, and a receiving hole portion 102. The traction rod body 111 is received in the through hole 96 in a manner that allows it to move in the back-and-forth direction (axial direction, in the direction of arrows A1 and A2).

[0071] The first hole 98 is positioned on the axis of the spindle 42. The first hole 98 extends approximately from the center of the axial direction along the axial direction of the thick shaft 86 to near the front end. The first hole 98 has a substantially fixed diameter along the axial direction. The inner circumferential surface of the first hole 98 is in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of the traction rod body 111.

[0072] The second hole 100 is positioned on the axis of the spindle 42. The second hole 100 is connected to and communicates with the rear end of the first hole 98. The diameter of the second hole 100 is larger than the diameter of the first hole 98. The second hole 100 extends from approximately the center along the axial direction of the thick shaft 86 to the rear end of the thin shaft 88. A pair of first springs 104 and second springs 106 are housed in the second hole 100. The first spring 104 and the second spring 106 each have their own axial force. The axial force of the first spring 104 and the second spring 106 applies a rearward force (in the direction of arrow A2) to the traction rod body 111, which will be described later.

[0073] The front end of the connecting member 74 is inserted into the rear end of the second hole 100. Accordingly, the spindle 42, including the thin shaft portion 88, is coaxially connected to the connecting member 74.

[0074] A receiving hole 102 is disposed at the front end of the first hole 98. The receiving hole 102 opens at the front end of the mounting portion 90. The receiving hole 102 is larger in diameter than the first hole 98. A clamping mechanism 46, described later, is housed in the receiving hole 102. A portion of the tool 24 is inserted into the receiving hole 102.

[0075] The receiving hole portion 102 has an annular protrusion 108 and an annular recess 110. The annular protrusion 108 protrudes radially inward from the inner circumferential surface of the receiving hole portion 102. The annular protrusion 108 is disposed approximately at the center of the receiving hole portion 102 in the front-back direction (arrows A1, A2 direction). The annular protrusion 108 holds the collet 122 of the clamping mechanism 46 described later.

[0076] An annular recess 110 is disposed behind the annular protrusion 108 (in the direction of arrow A2). The annular recess 110 is annular and recessed radially outward from the annular protrusion 108. The ring portion 128 of the collet 122, described later, engages with the annular recess 110.

[0077] The traction rod mechanism 44 includes a traction rod body 111, a clamping retainer 54, and internal components 68. The traction rod body 111 is received in a through hole 96 of a spindle 42. The traction rod body 111 is a shaft having a predetermined length in the axial direction (forward and backward direction, arrow A1, A2 direction). The traction rod body 111 has a main body portion 112, a front end portion 114, and a rear end portion 116. The main body portion 112 has a substantially fixed diameter in the axial direction (arrow A1, A2 direction). The main body portion 112 is inserted into the first hole portion 98 and the second hole portion 100 of the spindle 42. The traction rod body 111 is movable in the forward and backward direction (arrow A1, A2 direction) along the first hole portion 98 and the second hole portion 100.

[0078] The main body 112 has an annular protrusion 118. The protrusion 118 protrudes radially outward from the outer periphery of the main body 112. The protrusion 118 is positioned at the axial center of the main body 112. A first spring (force-applying member) 104 is disposed between the front end of the second hole 100 and the protrusion 118. A second spring 106 is disposed between the front end of the connecting member 74 and the protrusion 118. The elastic force of the first spring 104 is applied to the protrusion 118. Accordingly, the drawbar body 111 is always subjected to a rearward force (in the direction of arrow A2) by the elastic force of the first spring 104.

[0079] The elastic force of the second spring 106 is applied to the connecting member 74. Accordingly, the connecting member 74 and the traction rod body 111 are integrally forced rearward (in the direction of arrow A2). Through the elastic forces of the first spring 104 and the second spring 106, the internal member 68, the plug member 82, and the clamping retainer 54 are always forced rearward (in the direction of arrow A2) via the connecting member 74.

[0080] The front end portion 114 is disposed at the front end of the main body portion 112. The front end portion 114 protrudes forward from the front end of the main body portion 112 (in the direction of arrow A1). The diameter of the front end portion 114 is smaller than the diameter of the main body portion 112. A retainer 120 of the clamping mechanism 46 (described later) is connected to the front end portion 114. The front end portion 114 is received in the first hole portion 98 or the receiving hole portion 102 by moving the traction rod main body 111 in the front-rear direction.

[0081] The rear end portion 116 is disposed at the rear end of the main body 112. The rear end portion 116 protrudes rearward from the rear end of the main body 112 (in the direction of arrow A2). The diameter of the rear end portion 116 is smaller than the diameter of the main body 112. The rear end portion 116 is connected to the connecting member 74 in such a way that it is inserted into the front end of the connecting member 74. The tow rod body 111, including the rear end portion 116, is coaxially connected to the connecting member 74. Accordingly, the tow rod body 111 and the connecting member 74 can move integrally in the front-back direction (in the directions of arrows A1 and A2).

[0082] The clamping retainer 54 is disposed at the rear end of the main body 40. The clamping retainer 54 is positioned further rearward than the rear end of the rear housing 50 (in the direction of arrow A2). When viewed axially, the clamping retainer 54 has a circular cross-sectional shape (see reference). Figure 5 ).

[0083] The clamping retainer 54 has a retainer body 76 and a cover portion 78. From... Figure 1 and Figure 2When viewed in an axially orthogonal direction, the clamping retainer 54 has a U-shaped cross-section. The cross-section of the clamping retainer 54 opens forward (in the direction of arrow A1). The rear end of the rear housing 50 is covered by the clamping retainer 54.

[0084] The retainer body 76 is orthogonal to the axial direction of the clamping retainer 54. The retainer body 76 is disposed at the rear end of the clamping retainer 54. The rear end face of the retainer body 76 is flat in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the clamping retainer 54 (arrows B1 and B2). The retainer body 76 covers the rear of the rear housing 50. The center of the retainer body 76 engages with the rear end of the internal component 68.

[0085] A pin bolt 80 is provided on the retainer body 76. The pin bolt 80 is inserted radially through a hole on the outer peripheral surface of the retainer body 76. The pin bolt 80 is orthogonal to the axis of the clamping retainer 54. The pin bolt 80 is threaded into the retainer body 76. The head of the pin bolt 80 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the retainer body 76. The tip 81 of the pin bolt 80 protrudes from the inner peripheral surface of the retainer body 76. The tip 81 of the pin bolt 80 is inserted into the groove 84 of the plug member 82, which will be described later.

[0086] The cover 78 is cylindrical. The cover 78 extends forward (in the direction of arrow A1) from the outer edge of the retainer body 76. The rear end of the rear housing 50 can be accommodated inside the cover 78. The internal component 68 is accommodated inside the cover 78 and engages with it.

[0087] The clamping retainer 54 is movable in the front-rear direction (axial direction, arrows A1 and A2) of the spindle unit 14. The internal component 68 moves integrally in the front-rear direction (axial direction, arrows A1 and A2) along with the movement of the clamping retainer 54. The clamping retainer 54 and the internal component 68 are capable of relative displacement with respect to the rear housing 50. There is a gap between the front end of the clamping retainer 54 and the rear end of the connecting component 74. The amount corresponding to the gap allows the clamping retainer 54 and the connecting component 74 to move relative to each other in the axial direction (arrows A1 and A2).

[0088] A plug member 82 is disposed inside the clamping retainer 54. The plug member 82 is inserted into the hole of the retainer body 76. The plug member 82 is positioned at the axial center of the retainer body 76. The plug member 82 protrudes forward (in the direction of arrow A1) from the front end of the retainer body 76. The plug member 82 is movable in the back-and-forth direction (in the directions of arrows A1 and A2) along the hole of the clamping retainer 54. The front end of the plug member 82 is connected to the rear end of the connecting member 74. The front end of the plug member 82 is connected to the rear end of the traction rod body 111 via the connecting member 74. The outer peripheral surface of the plug member 82 has an annular groove 84.

[0089] The groove 84 is recessed radially inward from the outer peripheral surface of the plug member 82. The tip 81 of the pin bolt 80 is inserted into the groove 84. The axial length of the groove 84 along the plug member 82 is greater than the diameter of the tip 81 of the pin bolt 80. The plug member 82 and the pin bolt 80 engage in a manner that allows for relative movement of a predetermined distance between the plug member 82 and the clamping retainer 54 along their axial directions.

[0090] The internal component 68 is movable in the front-rear direction (arrows A1 and A2) along the rear receiving hole 66. The internal component 68 is cylindrical. The rear end of the internal component 68 engages with the retainer body 76 of the clamping retainer 54, which will be described later. The front end of the internal component 68 has a spring seat 70. The spring seat 70 extends radially outward. A return spring 72 is disposed between the spring seat 70 and the clamping member 52, which will be described later. The return spring 72 exerts a force on the internal component 68 rearward (arrow A2 direction). The connecting member 74, which will be described later, is inserted into the interior of the internal component 68.

[0091] The connecting member 74 is disposed at the center of the internal member 68. The connecting member 74 extends in the front-rear direction (arrows A1, A2). The front end of the connecting member 74 is inserted into and connected to the rear end of the spindle 42. Accordingly, the spindle 42, the traction rod body 111, the connecting member 74, and the plug member 82 can rotate inside the main body 40.

[0092] The clamping mechanism 46 can switch between clamping and releasing the tool 24. The clamping mechanism 46 is located near the front end of the main body 40. The clamping mechanism 46 is received in the receiving hole portion 102. When the tool 24 is mounted on the front end of the spindle unit 14, the clamping mechanism 46 is inserted into the tool 24.

[0093] The clamping mechanism 46 has a retainer 120 and a collet 122. The retainer 120 is cylindrical. The retainer 120 is received in a receiving hole portion 102 and a portion of the first hole portion 98 in the through hole 96. The rear end of the retainer 120 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion 114 of the traction rod body 111. The retainer 120 and the traction rod body 111 are movable integrally along the through hole 96 in the forward and backward direction (arrows A1, A2). The retainer 120 is fixed to the front end portion 114 of the traction rod body 111.

[0094] The retainer 120 has a tapered portion 124 and a small-diameter portion 126. The tapered portion 124 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the retainer 120. The tapered portion 124 extends from the axial center of the retainer 120 to the front end. The tapered portion 124 gradually increases in diameter towards the front end of the retainer 120. The front end of the tapered portion 124 is the maximum outer peripheral diameter of the tapered portion 124. The rear end of the tapered portion 124 is the minimum outer peripheral diameter of the tapered portion 124.

[0095] The small-diameter portion 126 is positioned behind the tapered portion 124 (in the direction of arrow A2). The diameter of the small-diameter portion 126 is approximately the same as the diameter of the rear end of the tapered portion 124. That is, the diameter of the small-diameter portion 126 is smaller than the diameter of the front end of the tapered portion 124. The diameter of the small-diameter portion 126 is approximately the same along the axial direction of the retainer 120 (in the directions of arrows A1 and A2).

[0096] Collet 122 is disposed on the outer periphery of retainer 120. Collet 122 has a ring portion 128 and a plurality of hook portions 130. The ring portion 128 is disposed at the rear end of collet 122. The ring portion 128 is annular. The outer periphery of the ring portion 128 is inserted into an annular recess 110 of receiving hole portion 102. By inserting the ring portion 128 into the annular recess 110, collet 122 is positioned in the front-back direction (arrow directions A1, A2) within receiving hole portion 102. Collet 122 does not move in the front-back direction (axial direction) within receiving hole portion 102. Collet 122 is locked to mandrel 42.

[0097] Multiple hooks 130 are connected to the front end of the ring 128. The multiple hooks 130 extend forward from the ring 128 (in the direction of arrow A1). The multiple hooks 130 are arranged separately from each other along the circumference of the ring 128. The hooks 130 are capable of tilting with their rear ends as a base point. The number of hooks 130 is, for example, five. The front end of each hook 130 has a protrusion 132. The protrusion 132 protrudes radially outward from the outer circumference of the front end of the hook 130. The protrusion 132 is capable of engaging with the engaging groove 164 of the tool 24, described later.

[0098] In the receiving hole portion 102, the hook portion 130 faces either the tapered portion 124 or the small diameter portion 126 of the retainer 120.

[0099] When the hook portion 130 contacts the tapered portion 124, the multiple hook portions 130 are pressed and tilted radially outward. The multiple hook portions 130 are pushed away by the tapered portion 124. When the hook portion 130 faces the small diameter portion 126, the multiple hook portions 130 are held in a manner substantially parallel to the axis of the collet 122.

[0100] Mounting platform 16 holds spindle unit 14. Mounting platform 16 extends in a vertical direction (arrows B1 and B2) orthogonal to the extension direction of spindle unit 14. The lower end of mounting platform 16 is connected to the upper part of the front end of horizontal frame 30. Mounting platform 16 can move vertically (arrows B1 and B2) along base frame 12 via horizontal frame 30 and lifting mechanism 32.

[0101] The upper part of the mounting platform 16 is positioned approximately at the center of the axial direction along the spindle unit 14. The main body 40 is connected to the upper part of the mounting platform 16. The flange 58 of the front housing 48 is connected to the front end of the upper end of the mounting platform 16. The rear housing 50 and the clamping member 52 are connected together to the rear end of the upper end of the mounting platform 16.

[0102] The upper part of the mounting platform 16 has a through hole 134. The through hole 134 extends through the upper part of the mounting platform 16 in the front-back direction (arrows A1, A2). The spindle 42 is inserted into the interior of the through hole 134. The through hole 134 has a pair of third bearings 94. The third bearings 94 are disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the through hole 134. The third bearings 94 rotatably support the thin shaft portion 88 of the spindle 42.

[0103] The upper part of the mounting platform 16 has a motor 136. The motor 136 has a rotor 138 and a stator 140. The rotor 138 is cylindrical. The rotor 138 is formed of a magnetic material. The rotor 138 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the thin shaft portion 88 inside the through hole 134. The stator 140 faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 138 in the through hole 134. The stator 140 is held on the mounting platform 16.

[0104] By energizing the stator 140 with a power source not shown, the coils (not shown) of the stator 140 are energized. As the stator 140 is energized, a magnetic field is generated, causing the rotor 138 to rotate about its axis in a predetermined direction. The spindle 42 rotates together with the rotor 138 about its axis. The spindle 42 rotates in the predetermined direction within the main body 40. The traction rod body 111, connecting member 74, plug member 82, and clamping mechanism 46 rotate together with the spindle 42. The internal component 68 and the clamping retainer 54 do not rotate.

[0105] The operating handle component 18 is positioned at the rear of the rear housing 50 (in the direction of arrow A2). The operating handle component 18 faces the rear end of the clamping retainer 54. The operating handle component 18 is supported in the rear housing 50 in a tilting manner.

[0106] from Figure 5 When viewed axially from the main body 40 shown, the cross-sectional shape of the operating handle component 18 is a U-shape that opens downwards (in the direction of arrow B2). From Figure 2 When viewed in the width direction of the machining machine 10 shown, the cross-sectional shape of the operating handle component 18 is approximately L-shaped.

[0107] The operating handle component 18 has a pair of operating handle bodies 142 and an arched portion 144. The pair of operating handle bodies 142 are located in the width direction of the operating handle component 18. Figure 5The operating handle bodies 142 are separated in the direction of arrow C. Each operating handle body 142 is supported on the rear housing 50 in a manner rotatable via a shaft 146. The shaft 146 is fixed near the front end of each operating handle body 142. Accordingly, the operating handle component 18 can tilt about the vicinity of the front end of the operating handle body 142.

[0108] Each operating handle body 142 has a rotating roller 148. The rotating roller 148 is disposed approximately near the center of the operating handle body 142. The rotating roller 148 is rotatably supported on the operating handle body 142. The rotating roller 148 is disposed inside the operating handle body 142 in the width direction. The rotating roller 148 is disposed on the operating handle body 142 at a position lower than the shaft 146 (in the direction of arrow B2). The rotating roller 148 faces the clamping retainer 54 of the body 40. The rotating roller 148 is always in contact with the rear end face of the clamping retainer 54.

[0109] The rear end of the operating handle body 142 has an extension 150. The extension 150 protrudes from the operating handle body 142 in a generally orthogonal direction. An arched portion 144 is connected to the end of the extension 150. The arched portion 144 is along the width direction of the operating handle component 18. Figure 5 (The arrow in the image extends in the direction of C). The arched portion 144 connects the extension 150 of one operating handle body 142 to the extension 150 of the other operating handle body 142. The upper end of the arched portion 144 is connected to the extension 150. The arched portion 144 is arranged horizontally along the width direction of the operating handle component 18.

[0110] When the rotating roller 148 of the operating handle component 18 abuts against the rear end face of the clamping retainer 54, the extension 150 of the operating handle component 18 is positioned in an upright position extending in the vertical direction (arrows B1 and B2). The arched portion 144 and the extension 150 face the abutting portion 38 of the pressing bolt 36. The arched portion 144 and the extension 150 face the pressing bolt 36 in the vertical direction (arrows B1 and B2).

[0111] When the spindle unit 14 rises via the lifting mechanism 32, the arched portion 144 and the extension 150 can contact the abutment portion 38 of the pressing bolt 36. Through the contact between the arched portion 144 and the extension 150 and the abutment portion 38 of the pressing bolt 36, the rear end of the operating handle component 18 is pressed downwards, and the operating handle component 18 tilts about the shaft 146 as a fulcrum. At this time, due to the tilting of the operating handle component 18, the extension 150 tilts rearward (in the direction of arrow A2) at a predetermined angle. The extension 150 tilts away from the clamping retainer 54.

[0112] The detection mechanism 20 detects the tilting motion of the operating handle component 18. The detection mechanism 20 is fixed to the base frame 12. The detection mechanism 20 is configured to approach the operating handle component 18. The detection mechanism 20 is positioned from the operating handle component 18 in the width direction ( Figure 5 The arrow (in the direction of C) is positioned such that it is positioned at a specified distance from the target location. The detection mechanism 20 has a detection sensor 152.

[0113] The detection sensor 152 is a non-contact proximity sensor. The detection sensor 152 is located along the width direction ( Figure 5 The sensor 152 is fixed to the bracket 154. The bracket 154 is fixed to the base frame 12. The sensor 152 has a detection element (not shown) capable of detecting magnetic force. The detection element is disposed at the width end of the sensor 152. The width end of the sensor 152 faces the operating handle member 18. The sensor 152 is disposed at a position rearward (in the direction of arrow A2) from the operating handle member 18. The sensor 152 is disposed at a position facing the extension 150 when the operating handle member 18 is tilted. The sensor 152 is disposed between a released position (second position) and a clamped position (first position), wherein the released position is the position after the spindle unit 14 moves upward (in the first direction) via the lifting mechanism 32, and the clamped position is the position after the spindle unit 14 moves downward (in the second direction).

[0114] The detection sensor 152 detects the approach of the operating handle component 18 by having its extension 150 face the detection element when the operating handle component 18 is tilted, thereby generating a change in current through the detection element. In other words, the detection mechanism 20 can detect the approach of the operating handle component 18 when it is tilted.

[0115] Here, the tool 24 used by the processing machine 10 will be described.

[0116] like Figures 1-3 As shown, tool 24 has a tool body 156, a gripped portion 158, and a mounting portion 160. The tool body 156 is positioned at the front end of tool 24. A cutting edge (not shown) is located at the front end of the tool body 156. The cutting edge is used to machine the workpiece's machining area. The gripped portion 158 is positioned behind the tool body 156 (in the direction of arrow A2). The cross-sectional shape of the gripped portion 158 is circular. The diameter of the gripped portion 158 is smaller than the diameter of the tool body 156. The gripped portion 158 is held by the clamp 26 of the tool magazine 22. The mounting portion 160 is positioned at the rear end of tool 24.

[0117] The mounting portion 160 is positioned behind the holding portion 158 (in the direction of arrow A2). The mounting portion 160 can be inserted into the receiving hole portion 102 of the spindle 42. A retainer hole 162 for inserting a retainer 120 is provided at the center of the mounting portion 160. An engaging groove 164 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the retainer hole 162. The engaging groove 164 is recessed radially outward from the inner circumferential surface. Multiple engaging grooves 164 are arranged circumferentially along the retainer hole 162. The protrusion 132 of the hook portion 130 on the collet 122 can engage with the engaging groove 164. When the mounting portion 160 is inserted into the receiving hole portion 102, the protrusion 132 of the hook portion 130 engages with the engaging groove 164, thereby holding the mounting portion 160 by the hook portion 130. The rear end of the holding part 158 ​​abuts against the front end of the spindle 42, and the tool 24 is held at the front end of the spindle unit 14 by the clamping mechanism 46.

[0118] Next, the processing of the workpiece using machining machine 10 will be explained. Figure 7 The tool 24 shown is clamped and held at the front end of the spindle unit 14 as the initial state.

[0119] like Figure 7 As shown, the spindle unit 14 is lowered to a position facing the workpiece via the lifting mechanism 32. The workpiece is positioned in front of the tool 24 and the spindle unit 14 (in the direction of arrow A1). The machining machine 10 is advanced via a forward and backward movement mechanism, positioning the tip of the tool 24 at the machining area of ​​the workpiece. Then, the motor 136 is energized by a power source (not shown). The stator 140 is energized by energizing the motor 136, and consequently, the spindle 42 and the rotor 138 rotate together inside the body 40. As the tool 24 rotates together with the spindle 42, the machining area of ​​the workpiece is processed by the cutting edge of the tool 24.

[0120] Next, we will describe the case where the tool 24 used to machine the workpiece is replaced with another tool 24. In the following description, the tool 24 used to machine the workpiece first will be referred to as the first tool 241. The tool 24 used to machine the workpiece in the next operation will be referred to as the second tool 242.

[0121] First, after machining the workpiece's machining area using the first tool 241, the machining machine 10 is retracted via a forward and backward movement mechanism. Then, as... Figure 8 As shown, the spindle unit 14 is raised by the lifting mechanism 32. The spindle unit 14, together with the mounting platform 16 and the horizontal frame 30, moves upward along the base frame 12 (in the direction of arrow B1).

[0122] As the spindle unit 14 rises, the extension 150 and the arched portion 144 of the operating handle component 18 abut against the abutment portion 38 of the pressing bolt 36 (see reference). Figure 8 As the extension 150 contacts the pressing bolt 36, the operating handle component 18 tilts clockwise around the axis 146. In other words, the extension 150 is pressed downward by the pressing bolt 36, causing the extension 150 to tilt backward (in the direction of arrow A2).

[0123] As the operating handle component 18 tilts, the rotating roller 148 moves forward (in the direction of arrow A1), pressing the clamping retainer 54 forward (in the direction of arrow A1).

[0124] After the spindle unit 14 moves upward to the released position, the clamping retainer 54 moves forward (in the direction of arrow A1). Figure 8 As shown, the clamping retainer 54 moves forward (in the direction of arrow A1) together with the internal component 68 by the amount of clearance. The retainer body 76 abuts against the rear end of the connecting component 74 as the clamping retainer 54 moves forward.

[0125] Then, as Figure 9 As shown, as the spindle unit 14 rises, the operating handle component 18 tilts further, causing the clamping retainer 54 to move further forward. Accordingly, the clamping retainer 54, internal component 68, plug component 82, connecting component 74, and traction rod body 111 move forward as a unit. At this time, the traction rod body 111 moves forward (in the direction of arrow A1) against the elastic force of the first spring 104. The connecting component 74 moves forward against the elastic force of the second spring 106. That is, the pressing force applied to the clamping retainer 54 from the operating handle component 18 is greater than the elastic forces of the first spring 104 and the second spring 106.

[0126] The main body 111 of the traction rod moves forward, such as Figure 10 As shown, the retainer 120 moves forward (in the direction of arrow A1) inside the receiving hole 102 and the retainer hole 162. As the retainer 120 moves forward, the tapered portion 124 moves forward inside the hook portion 130.

[0127] Accordingly, the radially outward pressing of the conical portion 124 onto the hook portion 130 is released, and the hook portion 130 tilts radially inward along the conical portion 124. Due to the tilting of the hook portion 130, the protrusion 132 disengages from the engaging groove 164. The clamping of the first tool 241 by the collet 122 is released. The hook portion 130 faces the small-diameter portion 126. The hook portion 130 is substantially parallel to the axis of the retainer 120. The first tool 241 is now in a released state, allowing it to be detached from the front end of the spindle 42.

[0128] That is, by tilting the operating handle component 18 to advance the traction rod body 111, the clamping of the first tool 241 by the clamping mechanism 46 can be released. In the released position after the spindle unit 14 moves upward, the tool 24 is released by the clamping mechanism 46 of the spindle unit 14.

[0129] After the first tool 241 is released, the holding part 158 ​​is held by the clamp 26 of the tool magazine 22. Then, as Figure 11 As shown, the entire machining machine 10, including the spindle unit 14, is retracted via a forward and backward movement mechanism. This positions the spindle unit 14 at a predetermined distance rearward from the tool magazine 22 (in the direction of arrow A2). Accordingly, the first tool 241 is held by the clamp 26 and stored in the tool magazine 22 (see reference). Figure 6B ).

[0130] Next, the second tool 242 for the next machining operation is installed on the spindle unit 14. First, the turntable 28 of the tool magazine 22 is rotated to position the second tool 242 facing the spindle unit 14. At this time, the extension 150 of the operating handle component 18 contacts the pressing bolt 36. Therefore, the clamping mechanism 46 is kept in the released state.

[0131] like Figure 12 As shown, the entire machining machine 10, including the spindle unit 14, is advanced via a forward and backward movement mechanism. The mounting portion 160 of the second tool 242 is inserted into the receiving hole portion 102 of the spindle unit 14. The retainer 120 and the collet 122 are inserted into the retainer hole 162 of the mounting portion 160. The hook portion 130 of the collet 122 faces the small diameter portion 126. The hook portion 130 does not extend radially outward.

[0132] Then, after confirming that the mounting portion 160 of the second tool 242 has been inserted into the receiving hole portion 102 of the spindle 42, the spindle unit 14 and the mounting table 16 are lowered together by the lifting mechanism 32. Accordingly, the second tool 242 disengages from the clamp 26 and descends together with the spindle unit 14 (see reference). Figure 6A and Figure 13 The extension 150 of the operating handle component 18 is separated from the pressing bolt 36. Accordingly, the pressing force exerted by the pressing bolt 36 on the operating handle component 18 is reduced.

[0133] As a result, as the main shaft unit 14 descends, the traction rod body 111 and the connecting member 74 move rearward (in the direction of arrow A2) by the elastic force of the first spring 104 and the second spring 106. As the traction rod body 111 retracts, the connecting member 74, the internal member 68, the plug member 82, and the clamping retainer 54 move rearward. The rotating roller 148 of the operating handle member 18 is pressed rearward (in the direction of arrow A2) by the clamping retainer 54. Accordingly, the operating handle member 18 tilts counterclockwise about the shaft 146. By tilting the operating handle member 18, the extension 150 and the arched portion 144 move forward (in the direction of arrow A1).

[0134] As the retainer 120 retracts together with the traction rod body 111, the hook portion 130 of the collet 122 moves from facing the small diameter portion 126 to facing the tapered portion 124. Inside the retainer hole 162, the hook portion 130 is gradually pushed radially outward by the tapered portion 124.

[0135] Then, the traction rod body 111 and the retainer 120 retract further, and the tapered portion 124 of the retainer 120 moves to a position facing the hook portion 130 of the collet 122. The hook portion 130 is further pushed radially outward by the tapered portion 124. The protrusion 132 of the hook portion 130 engages with the engaging groove 164 inside the retainer hole 162.

[0136] Accordingly, Figure 13 As shown, the mounting portion 160 of the second tool 242 is held in the receiving hole portion 102 of the spindle 42 by a collet 122. The collet 122 positions and fixes the mounting portion 160 of the spindle 42 axially to the spindle unit 14. The hook portions 130 of the collet 122 engage with the engaging slots 164, thereby positioning and fixing the mounting portion 160 of the spindle 42 to the spindle 42 mounting portion 90 in the rotational direction of the spindle unit 14.

[0137] The second tool 242 is clamped by the clamping mechanism 46 and held at the front end of the spindle unit 14. That is, the second tool 242 is clamped by the clamping mechanism 46 in the clamping position after the spindle unit 14 moves downward.

[0138] like Figure 14 As shown, when the lifting mechanism 32 operates and the main shaft unit 14 descends further, the clamping retainer 54 moves further rearward (in the direction of arrow A2) as the traction rod body 111 retracts. The operating handle component 18, pressed by the clamping retainer 54, tilts counterclockwise, and the extension 150 extends in the vertical direction (in the directions of arrows B1 and B2) to upright the operating handle component 18. The clamping retainer 54 separates axially from the connecting component 74. A gap is formed between the rear ends of the clamping retainer 54 and the connecting component 74.

[0139] When the spindle unit 14 descends from the released position to the clamped position, the extension 150 stands upright. Therefore, the extension 150 does not pass through the position opposite to the detection sensor 152 (see reference). Figure 13 and Figure 14 The extension 150 moves forward (in the direction of arrow A1) of the detection sensor 152. Therefore, the operating handle component 18 is not detected by the detection sensor 152. Based on this, according to the detection result of the detection sensor 152, it can be confirmed that the extension 150 of the operating handle component 18 is upright and the spindle unit 14 is lowered. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the traction rod body 111 has retracted to the predetermined position and the second tool 242 is reliably clamped by the clamping mechanism 46.

[0140] In making Figure 14 After the spindle unit 14 shown descends to the predetermined position and is in the clamping position, the machining machine 10 is advanced by the forward and backward movement mechanism, positioning the tip of the second tool 242 on the machining area of ​​the workpiece. Then, the second tool 242 is rotated together with the spindle 42 by energizing the motor 136. Accordingly, the cutting edge of the second tool 242 is used to perform additional machining on the machining area of ​​the workpiece. At this time, the traction rod body 111, the connecting member 74, and the plug member 82 rotate together with the spindle 42. Because there is a gap between the rear end of the connecting member 74 and the clamping retainer 54, the clamping retainer 54 does not rotate.

[0141] After the additional machining of the workpiece by the second tool 242 is completed, the spindle unit 14 is raised again to the released position. In the released position, the clamping mechanism 46 releases the clamping of the second tool 242, and the second tool 242 is stored in the tool magazine 22.

[0142] In this way, the machining machine 10 selects a desired tool 24 from a plurality of tools 24 stored in the tool magazine 22, installs the tool 24 at the front end of the spindle unit 14, and uses the tool 24 (first tool 241) to machine the workpiece. After the machining performed by the tool 24 is completed, the tool 24 is released by the clamping mechanism 46 and removed, returning it to the tool magazine 22. Then, the next tool 24 (second tool 242) is taken from the plurality of tools 24 in the tool magazine 22, installed at the front end of the spindle unit 14, and the next tool 24 can be clamped to machine the workpiece.

[0143] This explains that when the tool 24 is clamped by the spindle unit 14, for some reason, the clamping mechanism 46 does not clamp the tool 24 sufficiently.

[0144] For example, such as Figure 15As shown, tool 24 is installed on the mounting part 90 of spindle 42, causing spindle unit 14 to descend to the clamping position. As spindle unit 14 descends, the traction rod body 111 moves rearward (in the direction of arrow A2) under the elastic force of the first spring 104.

[0145] At this time, as Figure 15 As shown, sometimes, for some reason, the drawbar body 111 does not retract to the designated position together with the retainer 120. In this case, because the drawbar body 111 does not retract sufficiently, the hook portion 130 of the collet 122 is not pushed radially outward by the tapered portion 124 of the retainer 120. As a result, the protrusion 132 of the hook portion 130 does not engage with the engagement groove 164 of the tool 24, thus resulting in insufficient clamping of the tool 24 by the clamping mechanism 46. In this situation, the tool 24 is not adequately held by the clamping mechanism 46.

[0146] Since the tow bar body 111 did not retract to the designated position, the connecting part 74, the internal part 68, and the plug part 82 also did not retract to their respective designated positions, just like the tow bar body 111. In other words, the connecting part 74, the internal part 68, and the plug part 82 only moved to a position further forward than the designated position (in the direction of arrow A1).

[0147] The internal component 68 and the clamping retainer 54 move rearward (in the direction of arrow A2) due to the elastic force of the return spring 72. At this time, the tip 81 of the pin bolt 80 engages with the rear end of the groove 84 of the plug component 82. Accordingly, the retraction of the internal component 68 and the clamping retainer 54 is restricted by the pin bolt 80. That is, the pin bolt 80 and the groove 84 are a locking mechanism for restricting the retraction of the internal component 68 and the clamping retainer 54.

[0148] Accordingly, the operating handle component 18 stops at a position (intermediate position) between the position where the extension 150 faces the vertical direction (first position) and the position where the extension 150 is tilted to its maximum extent (second position). As a result, when the clamping mechanism 46 does not clamp the tool 24 sufficiently, the extension 150 remains tilted to the rear (in the direction of arrow A2) at a predetermined angle.

[0149] And, as Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, when the spindle unit 14 descends further via the lifting mechanism 32, the extension 150 of the tilting operating handle component 18 traverses the position opposite to the detection sensor 152 (see reference). Figure 15 In the width direction of the machining machine 10, the extension 150 moves in a manner that traverses the detection element of the detection sensor 152. In other words, the detection sensor 152 is positioned on the movement trajectory of the extension 150 of the inclined operating handle member 18 as it moves.

[0150] Accordingly, the proximity of the operating handle component 18 is detected by the detection sensor 152. Based on the detection result of the detection sensor 152, it can be confirmed that the spindle unit 14 descends while the operating handle component 18 is tilted.

[0151] As a result, by detecting the approach of the operating handle component 18 by the detection sensor 152, it can be confirmed that the traction rod body 111 has not retracted to the specified position, and consequently, the clamping mechanism 46 does not clamp the tool 24 sufficiently.

[0152] Although the main body 111 of the traction rod is not faulty, the operating handle component 18 also stops in a tilted state (the operating handle component 18 stops in the middle position) even though the clamping retainer 54 does not retract to the specified position. Therefore, by using the detection sensor 152 to detect the tilted operating handle component 18, it can be confirmed that the clamping mechanism 46 is not clamping the tool 24 sufficiently.

[0153] As described above, in this embodiment of the invention, an operating handle component 18 and a detection mechanism 20 are included. The operating handle component 18 is tiltable at the rear end of the main body 40 via a shaft 146. The detection sensor 152 of the detection mechanism 20 is capable of detecting the tilting of the operating handle component 18.

[0154] When tool 24 is not fully clamped by clamping mechanism 46, the traction rod body 111 will not move backward via the first spring 104. If the traction rod body 111 does not retract to the specified position, the operating handle component 18 cannot be pressed backward with the specified pressing force by clamping retainer 54. Therefore, the extension 150 of the operating handle component 18 is not upright, but rather tilted backward at a specified angle.

[0155] Accordingly, when the spindle unit 14 moves downward from the released position to the clamped position, the tilting operating handle component 18 passes through a position facing the detection sensor 152. Therefore, the operating handle component 18 can be detected by the detection sensor 152.

[0156] Therefore, the sensor 152 can reliably detect insufficient clamping of the tool 24 by the clamping mechanism 46. As a result, it is possible to prevent the machining of workpieces using a tool 24 that is not sufficiently clamped.

[0157] By configuring the detection sensor 152 as a proximity sensor capable of detecting the operating handle component 18 facing the detection sensor 152, reliable detection can be performed when the operating handle component 18 moves to a position facing the detection sensor 152, thereby making it easy and reliable to detect insufficient clamping of the tool 24.

[0158] A pin bolt 80 is provided, which restricts the relative movement of the clamping retainer 54 relative to the traction rod body 111 when the spindle unit 14 moves downward relative to the pressing bolt 36. Accordingly, when the tool 24 is clamped, the clamping retainer 54 will not move backward (in the direction of arrow A2) if the traction rod body 111 does not retract for some reason. Therefore, the tilted state of the operating handle component 18 can be maintained, which is detected by the detection sensor 152.

[0159] The above implementation methods can be summarized as follows.

[0160] The above embodiment is in a machining machine (10) having a spindle (14) that rotates the tool (24).

[0161] The main shaft has a hollow spindle (42), a main body (40), a clamping mechanism (46), a traction rod mechanism (44), a force-applying component (104), and an operating handle component (18), wherein,

[0162] The mandrel has a detachable tip portion for attaching the tool;

[0163] The main body supports the mandrel in a manner that allows the mandrel to rotate.

[0164] The clamping mechanism is disposed on the inside of the top end of the mandrel for clamping the tool;

[0165] The traction rod mechanism has a traction rod body (111) disposed inside the spindle, and is capable of moving relative to the spindle in the axial direction of the spindle between a retracted position clamping the tool and a forward position releasing the tool, thereby switching the clamping state of the clamping mechanism on the tool.

[0166] The force-applying component applies force to the traction rod mechanism toward the retracted position;

[0167] The operating handle component is tiltable between a first position and a second position, and is configured to push the traction rod mechanism when moving from the first position to the second position, thereby positioning the traction rod mechanism in the forward position at the second position.

[0168] The processing machinery also has an abutment part (38) and a detection sensor (152), wherein,

[0169] The abutting portion can press the operating handle component to move the operating handle component from the first position to the second position;

[0170] The detection sensor detects the operating handle component when it is in the second position or when it is in an intermediate position between the first and second positions.

[0171] The spindle is capable of moving relative to the abutment in a first direction toward the abutment and a second direction away from the abutment.

[0172] When the spindle moves relative to the abutment in the first direction, the operating handle component is pressed by the abutment, thereby moving the operating handle component from the first position to the second position, causing the traction rod mechanism to move to the forward position.

[0173] When the abutment portion is not in contact with the operating handle component and the traction rod mechanism is in the retracted position, the operating handle component is in the first position.

[0174] The detection sensor is configured to detect the operating handle component when the spindle moves relative to the abutment in the second direction and the operating handle component is located in the second position or the intermediate position, and not detect the operating handle component when the spindle moves relative to the abutment in the second direction and the operating handle component is located in the first position.

[0175] The detection sensor is a proximity sensor used to detect the proximity of the operating handle component facing the detection sensor.

[0176] The traction rod mechanism has a clamping retainer (54) positioned closer to the operating handle component than the traction rod body and abutting against the operating handle component.

[0177] It also has a locking mechanism that restricts the relative movement of the clamping retainer relative to the traction rod body when the main shaft moves relative to the abutment in the second direction.

[0178] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining machine (10) having a spindle (14) for rotating a tool (24), characterized in that, The main shaft has a hollow spindle (42), a main body (40), a clamping mechanism (46), a traction rod mechanism (44), a force-applying component (104), and an operating handle component (18), wherein, The mandrel has a detachable tip portion for attaching the tool; The main body supports the mandrel in a manner that allows the mandrel to rotate. The clamping mechanism is disposed on the inside of the top end of the mandrel for clamping the tool; The traction rod mechanism has a traction rod body (111) disposed inside the spindle, and is capable of moving relative to the spindle in the axial direction of the spindle between a retracted position clamping the tool and a forward position releasing the tool, thereby switching the clamping state of the clamping mechanism on the tool. The force-applying component applies force to the traction rod mechanism toward the retracted position; The operating handle component is tiltable between a first position and a second position, and is configured to push the traction rod mechanism when moving from the first position to the second position, thereby positioning the traction rod mechanism in the forward position at the second position. The processing machinery also has an abutment part (38) and a detection sensor (152), wherein, The abutting portion can press the operating handle component to move the operating handle component from the first position to the second position; The detection sensor detects the operating handle component when it is in the second position or when it is in an intermediate position between the first and second positions. The spindle is capable of moving relative to the abutment in a first direction toward the abutment and a second direction away from the abutment. When the spindle moves relative to the abutment in the first direction, the operating handle component is pressed by the abutment, thereby moving the operating handle component from the first position to the second position, causing the traction rod mechanism to move to the forward position. When the abutment portion is not in contact with the operating handle component and the traction rod mechanism is in the retracted position, the operating handle component is in the first position. The detection sensor is configured to detect the operating handle component when the spindle moves relative to the abutment in the second direction and the operating handle component is located in the second position or the intermediate position; and not detect the operating handle component when the spindle moves relative to the abutment in the second direction and the operating handle component is located in the first position. The detection sensor is a proximity sensor used to detect the proximity of the operating handle component facing the detection sensor.

2. The processing machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction rod mechanism has a clamping retainer (54) which is positioned closer to the operating handle component than the traction rod body and abuts against the operating handle component. It also has a locking mechanism that restricts the relative movement of the clamping retainer relative to the traction rod body when the main shaft moves relative to the abutment in the second direction.

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