A towing system and method for a ship lock adapted to large fluctuations in water level

Abstract

The application discloses a traction system suitable for ship lock with large fluctuation of water level, which comprises a lock chamber, guide rails, floating boxes, walking tracks, traction devices, braking devices, guiding devices and power supply devices; the two sides of the lock chamber are lock walls, the guide rails are arranged on the lock walls of the two sides of the lock chamber and are arranged in multiple along the length direction of the lock walls; two groups of floating boxes are arranged in each lock chamber, the two groups of floating boxes in each lock chamber are connected with the guide rails arranged on the two lock walls of the two sides of the lock chamber respectively and can move up and down along the guide rails; the floating boxes on the same side of each lock chamber are arranged along the same straight line; the walking tracks are arranged on the floating boxes one by one, the length direction of the walking tracks is along the length direction of the floating boxes, and the walking tracks arranged on the floating boxes on the same side of each lock chamber are arranged along the same straight line; the traction devices are arranged on the walking tracks and can move along the walking tracks; and the safety and efficiency of the ship passing through the ship lock are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of navigation vessel traction technology, specifically to a traction system and method for locks that adapt to large fluctuations in water level. Background Technology

[0002] The Three Gorges section is the choke point of the Yangtze River shipping, and the Three Gorges Ship Lock, as the permanent navigation facility of the Three Gorges Dam, is of great significance in ensuring the safe and rapid passage of ships carrying national strategic materials and emergency supplies through the dam. However, the following factors currently affect the safe and efficient operation of the ship lock: 1) Electrical and mechanical system failures of ships can prevent navigation and block the ship lock channel, causing the ship lock to be closed; 2) Currently, the braking method for ships entering and exiting the lock chambers relies solely on the ship's own braking. If a ship loses control during the process of entering or exiting the lock chamber, there is no effective way to handle it, posing a huge safety risk; 3) Due to the uneven skill levels of ship pilots, collisions and interference may occur between ships and the lock equipment and facilities when passing through the lock. After collisions, the repair of the lock equipment and facilities is difficult and time-consuming; 4) The self-propelled speed of ships entering and exiting the lock is controlled at 1 m / s, which has problems such as long time consumption and low efficiency in entering and exiting the lock chamber.

[0003] Therefore, based on the above analysis, it is necessary to develop and design a traction system for locks that can adapt to large fluctuations in water level, so as to improve the safety and efficiency of ships passing through locks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a traction system and method for ship locks that can adapt to large fluctuations in water level, which can effectively improve the safety and efficiency of ships passing through the locks.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows: a traction system for a lock adapted to large fluctuations in water level, comprising:

[0006] Lock chambers are provided along the length of the lock. The lock chambers are surrounded by lock walls on both sides. The height of the lock walls of each lock chamber increases or decreases sequentially along the length of the lock. A V-shaped gate is provided between adjacent lock chambers. Adjacent lock chambers are connected by a filling and emptying channel, which is equipped with valves.

[0007] Guide rails are provided on the gate walls on both sides of the gate chamber, and multiple guide rails are provided along the length of the gate walls;

[0008] Each lock chamber is equipped with two sets of floating boxes. The two sets of floating boxes in each lock chamber are connected to guide rails installed on two gate walls on both sides of the lock chamber, and can move up and down along the guide rails; the floating boxes on the same side of each lock chamber are arranged along the same straight line.

[0009] The travel tracks are set one-to-one on the pontoons, and the length direction of the travel tracks is along the length direction of the pontoons. The travel tracks set on the pontoons on the same side of each lock chamber are set along the same straight line.

[0010] A traction device, which is mounted on a travel track and can move along the travel track.

[0011] Optionally, the guide rail includes a first guide rail and a second guide rail, the first guide rail being a T-shaped rail and the second guide rail being a straight rail; the pontoon includes a sealed box body, a double guide device, and a unidirectional lateral guide device, both of which are disposed on the side of the sealed box body near the gate wall. Multiple double guide devices are provided, arranged sequentially along the vertical direction, and each double guide device is connected to the first guide rail; multiple unidirectional lateral guide devices are provided, arranged sequentially along the vertical direction, and each unidirectional lateral guide device is connected to the second guide rail; the sealed box body has connecting structures at both ends for connecting two adjacent sealed boxes.

[0012] Optionally, the dual-guide device moves up and down along the first guide rail as the pontoon floats. The dual-guide device includes: a set of forward longitudinal guide wheels, two sets of reverse longitudinal guide wheels, two sets of transverse guide wheels, a hinge shaft, and connecting parts. An upper crossbeam and a lower crossbeam are horizontally arranged on the side of the pontoon closest to the gate wall. The upper crossbeam is located above the lower crossbeam. The dual-guide device is installed on both the upper and lower crossbeams, with the dual-guide device on the upper crossbeam located directly above the dual-guide device on the lower crossbeam. The forward longitudinal guide wheels are located at the bottom of the upper crossbeam and the top of the lower crossbeam. The forward longitudinal guide wheels include guide wheels, rolling bearings, eccentric shafts, bushings, bushings, partitions, end caps, through caps, lubrication devices, supports, and connecting frames. The reverse longitudinal guide wheel assembly and the transverse guide wheel assembly are disposed at the top of the upper crossbeam and the bottom of the lower crossbeam. The reverse longitudinal guide wheel assembly includes a cantilever guide wheel device, a support, a balance beam, and a sliding bearing. The cantilever guide wheel device includes a guide wheel, a rolling bearing, a hinge shaft, a blind cover, a through cover, a lubrication device, and a connecting frame. The transverse guide wheel assembly includes a cantilever guide wheel device, a hinge shaft, a balance beam, a bushing, and a disc spring assembly. The cantilever guide wheel device includes a guide wheel, a rolling bearing, a pulley shaft, a blind cover, a through cover, a lubrication device, and a connecting piece. The disc spring assembly includes a disc spring, a disc spring pin, and a bushing. The hinge shaft of the transverse guide wheel assembly is installed at both ends of its balance beam. The balance beam of the transverse guide wheel assembly and the balance beam of the reverse longitudinal guide wheel assembly share a vertical hinge shaft.

[0013] The guide wheel of the unidirectional lateral guide device moves up and down along the second guide rail as the pontoon floats. The unidirectional lateral guide device includes a cantilever guide wheel device, a hinge shaft, a bushing, a disc spring assembly, and a support. Its structure is the same as that of the lateral guide wheel assembly of the double guide device.

[0014] Optionally, the traction device includes a traction trolley, a traveling device, a cable winding and unwinding device, a remote control system, and a field control system. The traction trolley is connected to a traveling track via the traveling device. The cable winding and unwinding device is mounted on the traction trolley and includes a drum on which a traction cable is wound. The cable winding and unwinding device can rotate the drum to wind and unwind the traction cable. Both the traveling device and the cable winding and unwinding device are electrically connected to the remote control system and the field control system.

[0015] Optionally, the walking device includes four walking wheels, four variable frequency motors, two frequency converters, and an absolute encoder. The four walking wheels are symmetrically arranged in pairs on both sides of the traction trolley. Each walking wheel is connected to a variable frequency motor. The four variable frequency motors are divided into two groups, and the walking wheels controlled by the two groups of variable frequency motors are located on both sides of the traction trolley. Each group of variable frequency motors is connected to a frequency converter. The two frequency converters are a driving frequency converter and a driven frequency converter. An absolute encoder is installed on the walking wheel controlled by the driven frequency converter, and the absolute encoder is electrically connected to the driven frequency converter.

[0016] Optionally, a braking device is also included, comprising a wire rope winch system, a wire rope, and a guide pulley; the wire rope winch system includes a frame, a wire rope drum, a drive motor, a reducer, a brake, and a control system for the drive motor; the frame is mounted on the pontoon, and the wire rope drum, drive motor, reducer, and brake are all mounted on the frame; the output shaft of the drive motor and the input shaft of the reducer are connected by a coupling, the output shaft of the reducer is connected to the wire rope drum, and the wire rope drum is also connected to the brake; one end of the wire rope is fixed to the wire rope drum, and the other end is provided with a cable ring; the guide pulley is fixedly mounted on the pontoon, and the wire rope passes through the guide pulley.

[0017] Optionally, a guiding device is also included, comprising multiple sets of guide wheel mechanisms. Each set of guide wheel mechanisms is disposed on the side of the pontoon away from the lock wall, and the sets of guide wheel mechanisms are arranged sequentially along the height direction of the pontoon. Each set of guide wheel mechanisms includes multiple guide wheel mechanisms arranged sequentially along the length direction of the pontoon. Each guide wheel mechanism includes a guide wheel and a guide wheel hinge seat. The guide wheel hinge seat is disposed on the pontoon, and the guide wheel is mounted on the guide wheel hinge seat. A mooring bollard is fixedly disposed on the top of the guide wheel hinge seat of the uppermost set of guide wheel mechanisms.

[0018] Optionally, a power supply device is also included, which includes a safety sliding contact line and a current collector; the safety sliding contact line is installed on the top of the float box, close to and parallel to the traveling track; the safety sliding contact line is connected to a power source, and the current collector is fixedly installed on the traction device, which is electrically connected to the safety sliding contact line through the current collector; two sets of current collectors are provided, which serve as hot backups for each other.

[0019] A traction method for a lock that adapts to large fluctuations in water level specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. In accordance with the lock vessel scheduling plan, the operators use the scheduling system to direct the vessels to navigate from the upstream or downstream channel to the No. 1 or No. n lock gates of the lock to form a group, moor, and moor.

[0021] S2. After the vessels waiting to pass through the lock have moored and stopped at the gate of lock #1 or lock #n, the staff will use the remote control system to control the traction trolleys on both sides of the channel to move to the first row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock at the gate of lock #1 or lock #n, and adjust the length of the traction cables on both sides according to the size of the vessel and the traction angle through the cable release and release device.

[0022] S3. After the lengths of the traction cables of the two traction trolleys have been adjusted, the cable loops of the two traction cables are respectively attached to the traction piles of the first row of ships waiting to pass through the lock.

[0023] S4. After the traction trolley is connected to the first row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock, the first row of vessels will untie their moorings from the upper or lower lock gate and the traction trolley will pull the first row of vessels into lock chamber #1 or lock chamber n-1. During the process of the vessels entering the lock chamber, the guiding devices arranged on the pontoons on both sides of the lock chamber can adjust the navigation direction of the vessels at any time.

[0024] S5. When the first row of vessels passing through the lock reaches the braking device located on the buoy of lock head #1 or #n, the traction trolley begins to brake and decelerate, and the steel wire rope cable of the braking device is hooked onto the mooring bollard at the stern of the first row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock, thus causing the first row of vessels to begin to decelerate.

[0025] S6. After the first row of vessels passing through the lock slows down and stops, and after the mooring is completed in lock chamber 1 or n-1, the wire rope cable ring is removed from the stern of the first row of vessels passing through the lock. The wire rope winch system drives the wire rope to retract and wind it onto the wire rope drum. At the same time, the traction trolley is disconnected from the first row of vessels passing through the lock.

[0026] S7. After the traction trolley is disconnected from the first row of vessels passing through the lock, the staff will order the traction trolleys on both sides of the lock chamber to return to the mooring position of the second row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock at the No. 1 or No. n lock gate, and adjust the length of the traction cables on both sides according to the vessel size and traction angle through the cable release and release device.

[0027] S8. After the length of the traction cables of the two sets of traction trolleys has been adjusted, the cable rings of the traction cables are respectively attached to the traction piles of the second row of ships waiting to pass through the lock.

[0028] S9. After the tractor is connected to the second row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock, the second row of vessels will unmoor from the pier at the No. 1 or No. n lock gate. The tractor will then pull the second row of vessels into the No. 1 or No. n-1 lock chamber.

[0029] S10. When the second row of vessels passing through the lock reaches the braking device located on the buoy of lock #1 or lock #n, the traction trolley begins to brake and decelerate, and the steel wire rope cable of the braking device is hooked onto the mooring bollard at the stern of the second row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock, thus causing the second row of vessels to begin to decelerate.

[0030] S11. After the second row of vessels passing through the lock slows down and stops, and after the mooring is completed in lock chamber 1 or n-1, the wire rope cable ring is removed from the stern of the second row of vessels passing through the lock. The wire rope winch system drives the wire rope to retract and wind onto the wire rope drum. At the same time, the traction trolley is disconnected from the second row of vessels passing through the lock.

[0031] S12. Repeat steps S7-S11 until all vessels waiting to pass through the lock at the gate of lock #1 or lock #n are moved to lock chamber #1 or lock chamber n-1 and moored. Then close the gate of lock #1 or lock #n and perform the water filling operation of lock chamber #1 or lock chamber n-1.

[0032] S13. When the water level of gate chamber 1 and gate chamber 2 or gate chamber n-1 and gate chamber n-2 is equal, the floating boxes on both sides of gate chamber 1 and gate chamber 2 are level, or the floating boxes on both sides of gate chamber n-1 and gate chamber n-2 are level, and the walking tracks arranged on the floating boxes on both sides of gate chamber 1 and gate chamber 2 are connected, and the gate of gate head 2 or gate head n-2 is opened.

[0033] S14. The staff starts the traction device through the remote control system and issues an order for the vessel to move from lock chamber 1 to lock chamber 2 or from lock chamber n-1 to lock chamber n-2. At the same time, the staff controls the traction trolleys on both sides of the lock chamber to move to the first row of vessels passing through lock chamber 1 or lock chamber n-1. The staff adjusts the length of the traction cables on both sides according to the vessel size and traction angle through the cable release and take-up device.

[0034] S15. Repeat steps S3-S12 until all vessels moored in lock chamber 1 or n-1 have moved to lock chamber 2 or n-2 and moored. Then close the gate of lock head 2 or n-1 and perform the water filling operation of lock chamber 2 or n-1.

[0035] S16. Repeat steps S13-S15 until the vessel passes through the lock from upstream to downstream or from downstream to upstream. The traction process ends when the vessel passes through the lock downstream or upstream.

[0036] Optionally, when the vessels in steps S1 and S2 are convoyed or grouped at the berthing pier, if the lengths and freeboard heights of the vessels in the same group are different, the length of the traction cable should be adjusted so that the output traction force of the traction trolleys on both sides of the channel is similar and the difference is within 5%.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] 1. This invention effectively improves the safety and efficiency of ships passing through locks by setting up guide rails, buoys, travel tracks, traction devices, braking devices, guiding devices and power supply devices.

[0039] 2. When vessels navigate through the navigation lock, the traffic management department restricts the vessel speed to 0.5m / s-1m / s. This invention can drive vessels at a speed of 3m / s through a traction device, which greatly increases the speed at which vessels pass through the lock, shortens the time it takes for vessels to pass through the navigation lock, and significantly improves the operational efficiency of the navigation lock.

[0040] 3. The guiding device of this invention has a guiding and anti-collision function, preventing ships from colliding with and interfering with the lock equipment and facilities when passing through the lock, effectively avoiding the problem of ships damaging the lock equipment and facilities. Furthermore, the guiding device of this invention also has the function of mooring lines, effectively saving construction costs.

[0041] 4. The pontoon of this invention is connected to a T-shaped first guide rail via a double guide device, enabling guidance and positioning in four directions: front, back, left, and right. It is also connected to a straight second guide rail via a unidirectional lateral guide device, enabling positioning in the left and right directions. Combined, these features provide guidance and positioning in all directions while facilitating the installation and maintenance of the pontoon. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a top view of a section of length taken from Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A sectional view of the structure shown along line AA;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pontoon of the present invention from a forward-looking perspective;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pontoon of the present invention from a rear-view perspective;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the traction device of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the braking device of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the wire rope winch system of the braking device of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guiding device of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the dual-guide device of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 11 This is a top view of the dual guide device of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety sliding contact line of the power supply device of the present invention.

[0054] Reference numerals: 1. Float; 101. Sealed box; 102. Dual guide device; 1021. Forward longitudinal guide wheel assembly; 1022. Reverse longitudinal guide wheel assembly; 1023. Lateral guide wheel assembly; 1024. Hinge shaft; 1025. Connector; 103. Unidirectional lateral guide device; 2. Traction device; 201. Traction trolley; 202. Traveling device; 203. Traction cable; 204. Cable retraction and deployment device; 205. Remote control system; 206. Field control system; 3. Braking device; 301, wire rope hoisting system; 3011, frame; 3012, wire rope drum; 3013, drive motor; 3014, reducer; 3015, brake; 302, wire rope; 303, guide pulley; 4, guiding device; 401, guide wheel mechanism; 4011, guide wheel; 4012, guide wheel hinge support; 4013, bollard; 5, power supply device; 501, safety conductor rail; 7, traveling track; 9, gate wall; 10, miter gate. Detailed Implementation

[0055] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides further details:

[0057] Example 1

[0058] This embodiment provides a traction system for locks that adapts to large fluctuations in water level, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lock includes lock chambers, guide rails, pontoons 1, running tracks 7, traction devices 2, braking devices 3, guiding devices 4, and power supply devices 5. Multiple lock chambers are arranged along the length of the lock, with lock walls 9 on both sides. The height of the lock walls 9 in each lock chamber increases or decreases sequentially along the length of the lock. A V-shaped gate 10 is installed between adjacent lock chambers, which are connected by filling and draining channels equipped with valves. The guide rails include a first guide rail and a second guide rail. The first guide rail is a T-shaped rail (meaning its transverse cross-section is T-shaped), and the second guide rail is a straight rail (meaning its transverse cross-section is rectangular). The first and second guide rails are vertically installed on the lock walls 9 on both sides of the lock chamber, and multiple first and second guide rails are arranged along the length of the lock walls 9.

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, each gate chamber is equipped with two sets of pontoons 1. The two sets of pontoons 1 in each gate chamber are connected to guide rails on two gate walls 9 on both sides of the gate chamber, and can move up and down along the guide rails. The pontoons 1 on the same side of each gate chamber are arranged along the same straight line. Each pontoon 1 includes a sealed box 101, a double guide device 102, and a unidirectional transverse guide device 103. Connecting structures are provided at both ends of the sealed box 101, and the connecting structures can be bolted or other connection methods. The connecting structures are used to connect two adjacent sealed boxes 101. An upper transverse beam and a lower transverse beam are horizontally arranged on the sealed box 101 of the pontoon 1 near the gate wall 9, with the upper transverse beam located above the lower transverse beam. The double guide device 102 and the unidirectional transverse guide device 103 are both located on the upper and lower transverse beams. Each pontoon 1 is connected to the first guide rail via the double guide device 102 and to the second guide rail via the unidirectional transverse guide device 103.

[0060] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the dual guide device 102 includes a set of forward longitudinal guide wheel sets 1021, two sets of reverse longitudinal guide wheel sets 1022, two sets of transverse guide wheel sets 1023, a hinge shaft 1024, and a connecting member 1025. The dual guide device 102 is installed on both the upper and lower crossbeams, with the dual guide device 102 on the upper crossbeam located directly above the dual guide device 102 on the lower crossbeam. The forward longitudinal guide wheel sets 1021 are located at the bottom of the upper crossbeam and the upper part of the lower crossbeam. The forward longitudinal guide wheel sets 1021 include guide wheels, rolling bearings, eccentric shafts, bushings, bushings, partitions, end caps, through caps, lubrication devices, supports, and connecting frames. The reverse longitudinal guide wheel assembly 1022 and the transverse guide wheel assembly 1023 are disposed at the top of the upper crossbeam and the bottom of the lower crossbeam, respectively. The reverse longitudinal guide wheel assembly 1022 includes a cantilever guide wheel device, a support, a balance beam, and a sliding bearing. The cantilever guide wheel device includes a guide wheel, a rolling bearing, a hinge shaft, a blind cover, a through cover, a lubrication device, and a connecting frame. The transverse guide wheel assembly 1023 includes a cantilever guide wheel device, a hinge shaft, a balance beam, a bushing, and a disc spring assembly. The cantilever guide wheel device includes a guide wheel, a rolling bearing, a pulley shaft, a blind cover, a through cover, a lubrication device, and a connecting piece. The disc spring assembly includes a disc spring, a disc spring pin, and a bushing. The hinge shafts of the transverse guide wheel assembly 1023 are mounted at both ends of its balance beam. The balance beam of the transverse guide wheel assembly 1023 shares a vertical hinge shaft with the balance beam of the reverse longitudinal guide wheel assembly 1022. Each dual-guide device 102 moves up and down along the first guide rail as the pontoon 1 floats. The dual-guide device 102 is connected to the T-shaped first guide rail, enabling guidance and limiting in four directions: forward, backward, left, and right. The unidirectional lateral guide device 103 includes a cantilevered guide wheel assembly, hinge shaft, bushing, disc spring assembly, and support. Its structure is the same as the lateral guide wheel assembly 1023 of the dual-guide device 102. Each unidirectional lateral guide device 103 guide wheel moves up and down along the second guide rail as the pontoon 1 floats. The unidirectional lateral guide device 103 is connected to the straight second guide rail, enabling limiting in the left and right directions. Combined use allows for guidance and limiting in all directions, and also facilitates the installation and maintenance of the pontoon 1.

[0061] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the traveling tracks 7 are correspondingly installed on the pontoons 1, with the length of the traveling tracks 7 following the length of the pontoons 1. The traveling tracks 7 on the pontoons 1 on the same side of each lock chamber are arranged in a straight line. When the water levels in two adjacent lock chambers are the same, the traveling tracks 7 on the pontoons 1 in the two adjacent lock chambers can be joined together to form a longer traveling track 7. The traveling tracks 7 are used to support the movement of the traction trolley 201 of the traction device 2. Figure 6As shown, the traction device 2 includes a traction trolley 201, a traveling device 202, a cable retraction device 204, a remote control system 205, and a field control system 206. The traction trolley 201 is connected to the traveling track 7 via the traveling device 202. The traveling device 202 includes four traveling wheels, four variable frequency motors, two frequency converters, and an absolute encoder. The four traveling wheels are symmetrically arranged in pairs on both sides of the traction trolley 201. Each traveling wheel is connected to a variable frequency motor. The four variable frequency motors are divided into two groups, and the traveling wheels controlled by the two groups of variable frequency motors are located on both sides of the traction trolley 201. Each group of variable frequency motors is connected to a frequency converter. The two frequency converters are a driving frequency converter and a driven frequency converter. An absolute encoder is installed on the traveling wheel controlled by the driven frequency converter, and the absolute encoder is electrically connected to the driven frequency converter. The absolute encoder is used for traveling synchronization correction, which can ensure that the speed and torque of each traveling variable frequency motor are consistent, and realize the electrical synchronization of the traction trolley 201. The cable winding and unwinding device 204 is mounted on the traction trolley 201. The device includes a frame, a motor, a reducer, and a drum. All components are mounted on the frame. The motor drives the drum to rotate via the reducer. A traction cable 203 is wound on the drum. The cable winding and unwinding device 204 rotates the drum to wind and unwind the traction cable 203. Both the traveling device 202 and the cable winding and unwinding device 204 are electrically connected to the remote control system 205 and the field control system 206. The remote control system 205 includes a manual operation subsystem and an automatic control operation subsystem. These subsystems can communicate with each other. The manual operation subsystem can monitor the operating data of the automatic control operation subsystem and the operating status of the traction device 2 in real time. It is used for starting, running, and stopping the traction device 2, as well as for emergency braking in emergency situations. When the automatic control operation subsystem fails, it switches to the manual operation subsystem, allowing remote manual operation of the traction device 2. The field control system 206 can be installed on the traction trolley 201 or in the machine room beside the waterway. When there is a data communication failure between the remote control system 205 and the field control system 206, the field control system 206 can be manually operated to run the traction device 2 in an emergency.

[0062] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 12 As shown, the power supply device 5 includes a safety sliding contact line 501 and a current collector. The safety sliding contact line 501 is installed on top of the float box 1, close to and parallel to the traveling track 7. The safety sliding contact line 501 is connected to a power source, and the current collector is fixedly installed on the traction device 2. The traction device 2 is electrically connected to the safety sliding contact line 501 through the current collector, thereby achieving continuous and uninterrupted power supply to the traction device 2. Two sets of current collectors are provided, serving as hot backups for each other, which can effectively reduce the problem of the traction device 2 being unable to operate normally due to damage to the current collector.

[0063] like Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the braking device 3 includes a wire rope winch system 301, a wire rope 302, and a guide pulley 303. The wire rope winch system 301 includes a frame 3011, a wire rope drum 3012, a drive motor 3013, a reducer 3014, a brake 3015, and a control system for the drive motor 3013. The frame 3011 is mounted on the float box 1. The wire rope drum 3012, drive motor 3013, reducer 3014, and brake 3015 are all mounted on the frame 3011. The output shaft of the drive motor 3013 and the input shaft of the reducer 3014 are connected by a coupling. The output shaft of the reducer 3014 is connected to the wire rope drum 3012, and the wire rope drum 3012 is simultaneously connected to the brake 3015. One end of the wire rope 302 is fixed to the wire rope drum 3012, and the other end is provided with a cable ring. The guide pulley 303 is fixedly installed on the pontoon 1, and the wire rope 302 passes through the guide pulley 303.

[0064] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, the guiding device 4 includes three sets of guide wheel mechanisms 401. All three sets of guide wheel mechanisms 401 are located on the side of the pontoon 1 away from the lock wall 9, and are arranged sequentially along the height direction of the pontoon 1. Each set of guide wheel mechanisms 401 includes multiple guide wheel mechanisms 401 arranged sequentially along the length direction of the pontoon 1. Each guide wheel mechanism 401 includes a guide wheel 4011 and a guide wheel hinge seat 4012. The guide wheel hinge seat 4012 is located on the pontoon 1, and the guide wheel 4011 is mounted on the guide wheel hinge seat 4012. The outer ring of the guide wheel 4011 is made of solid rubber, and the guide wheel 4011 can rotate smoothly, resulting in better guidance and anti-collision effects. A mooring bollard 4013 is fixedly installed on the top of the guide wheel hinge seat 4012 of the uppermost set of guide wheel mechanisms 401. Due to the function of the guiding device 4, ships will not collide or interfere with the lock equipment when passing through the lock, effectively preventing damage to the lock equipment. Since the top of the guide wheel support hinge seat 4012 of the uppermost set of guide wheel mechanisms 401 is fixedly equipped with a mooring bollard 4013, the uppermost set of guide wheel mechanisms 401 has not only a guiding function, but also an emergency mooring function. Thus, the guide device 4 has both guiding and anti-collision functions and ship mooring functions, which effectively saves construction costs.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] This embodiment provides a traction method for a lock adapted to large water level fluctuations, using a traction system for a lock adapted to large water level fluctuations provided in Embodiment 1. The traction steps are as follows:

[0067] S1. In accordance with the vessel scheduling plan, the operators use the scheduling system to direct the vessels to navigate from the upstream or downstream channel to the No. 1 or No. n gate of the lock to form a group, moor, and moor.

[0068] S2. After the vessels waiting to pass through the lock have moored and stopped at the gate of lock #1 or lock #n, the staff will use the remote control system 205 to control the traction trolleys 201 on both sides of the channel to move to the first row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock. According to the size of the vessel and the traction angle, the staff will use the cable release and take-up device 204 to adjust the length of the traction cables 203 on both sides of the channel so that the output traction force of the traction trolleys 201 on both sides of the channel is similar and the difference between the two is within 5%.

[0069] S3. After the lengths of the traction cables 203 of the two sets of traction trolleys 201 are adjusted, the cable rings of the two traction cables 203 are respectively attached to the traction piles of the first row of ships waiting to pass through the lock.

[0070] S4. After the tractor 201 is connected to the first row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock, the first row of vessels will untie their moorings at the upper or lower lock gate. The tractor 201 will then pull the first row of vessels into lock chamber #1 or lock chamber n-1. During the process of the vessels entering the lock chamber, the guide devices 4 arranged on the pontoons on both sides of the lock chamber can adjust the navigation direction of the vessels at any time.

[0071] S5. When the first row of vessels passing through the lock reaches the braking device 3 located on the buoy of lock head 1 or n, the traction trolley 201 begins to brake and decelerate, and the steel wire rope 302 of the braking device 3 is hooked onto the mooring bollard at the stern of the first row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock, thus causing the first row of vessels to begin to decelerate.

[0072] S6. After the first row of vessels passing through the lock slows down and stops, and after the mooring is completed in lock chamber 1 or n-1, the cable ring of wire rope 302 is removed from the stern of the first row of vessels passing through the lock. The wire rope winch system 301 drives the wire rope 302 to retract and wind onto the wire rope drum. At the same time, the traction trolley 201 is disconnected from the first row of vessels passing through the lock.

[0073] S7. After the traction trolley 201 is disconnected from the first row of vessels passing through the lock, the staff orders the traction trolleys 201 on both sides of the lock chamber to return to the mooring position of the second row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock at the No. 1 or No. n lock gate. The staff then adjusts the length of the traction cables 203 on both sides according to the vessel size and traction angle through the cable release and release device 204.

[0074] S8. After the length of the traction cables 203 of the two sets of traction trolleys 201 has been adjusted, the cable rings of the traction cables 203 are respectively attached to the traction piles of the second row of ships waiting to pass through the lock.

[0075] S9. After the tractor 201 is connected to the second row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock, the second row of vessels will untie their moorings at the gate of lock #1 or lock #n and the tractor 201 will drag the second row of vessels into lock chamber #1 or lock chamber n-1.

[0076] S10. When the second row of vessels passing through the lock reaches the braking device 3 located on the buoy of lock #1 or lock #n, the traction trolley 201 begins to brake and decelerate, and hooks the steel wire rope 302 of the braking device 3 onto the mooring bollard at the stern of the second row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock, thereby causing the second row of vessels to begin to decelerate.

[0077] S11. After the second row of vessels passing through the lock slows down and stops, and after the mooring is completed in lock chamber 1 or n-1, the cable ring of wire rope 302 is removed from the stern of the second row of vessels passing through the lock. The wire rope winch system 301 drives the wire rope 302 to retract and wind onto the wire rope drum. At the same time, the traction trolley 201 is disconnected from the second row of vessels passing through the lock.

[0078] S12. Repeat steps S7-S11 until all vessels waiting to pass through the lock at the gate of lock #1 or lock #n are moved to lock chamber #1 or lock chamber n-1 and moored. Then close the gate of lock #1 or lock #n and start filling lock chamber #1 or lock chamber n-1 with water.

[0079] S13. When the water level of gate chamber 1 and gate chamber 2 or gate chamber n-1 and gate chamber n-2 is equal, the floating boxes 1 on both sides of gate chamber 1 and gate chamber 2 are level, or the floating boxes 1 on both sides of gate chamber n-1 and gate chamber n-2 are level, and the walking tracks 7 arranged on the floating boxes 1 on both sides of gate chamber 1 and gate chamber 2 are connected, and the gate gate of gate head 2 or gate head n-2 is opened.

[0080] S14. The staff starts the traction device 2 through the remote control system 205 and issues an order for the vessel to move from lock chamber 1 to lock chamber 2 or from lock chamber n-1 to lock chamber n-2. At the same time, the staff controls the traction trolleys 201 on both sides of the lock chamber to move to the first row of vessels passing through lock chamber 1 or lock chamber n-1. The staff adjusts the length of the traction cables 203 on both sides according to the vessel size and traction angle through the cable release and take-up device 204.

[0081] S15. Repeat steps S3-S12 until all vessels moored in lock chamber 1 or n-1 have moved to lock chamber 2 or n-2 and are moored. Then close the gate of lock head 2 or n-1 and start filling lock chamber 2 or n-1 with water.

[0082] S16. Repeat steps S13-S15 until the vessel passes through the lock from upstream to downstream or from downstream to upstream. The traction process ends when the vessel passes through the lock downstream or upstream.

[0083] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Each lock chamber is equipped with two sets of pontoons 1. The two sets of pontoons 1 in each lock chamber are connected to guide rails on two gate walls 9 on both sides of the lock chamber, allowing them to move up and down along the guide rails. Therefore, opening the valves on the filling and emptying channels between two adjacent lock chambers allows the water levels in the two adjacent lock chambers to be equal. When the water levels in the two adjacent lock chambers are equal, the pontoons 1 in the two adjacent lock chambers rise to the same height. Since the pontoons 1 on the same side of each lock chamber are arranged along the same straight line, when the water levels in the two adjacent lock chambers are equal, the traveling tracks 7 on the pontoons 1 in the two adjacent lock chambers can be spliced ​​together to form a longer traveling track 7. In this way, the traction trolley 201 can tow the ship through the two adjacent lock chambers. This cycle continues, and the traction trolley 201 can tow the ship through the entire lock. When vessels navigate through a lock, traffic management authorities restrict their speed to 0.5 m / s-1 m / s. This invention, through the traction device 2, can propel vessels at a speed of 3 m / s, significantly increasing the speed at which vessels pass through the lock and shortening the time required to navigate through the lock, thus greatly improving the operational efficiency of the lock. When vessels pass through the lock, their engines are shut down, reducing exhaust emissions and noise pollution, and lowering the shipowner's operating costs.

[0084] In summary, the present invention can effectively improve the safety and efficiency of ships passing through locks.

[0085] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A traction system for a lock adapted to large fluctuations in water level, characterized in that, include: Lock chambers are provided along the length of the lock. The two sides of each lock chamber are lock walls (9). The height of the lock walls (9) of each lock chamber increases or decreases sequentially along the length of the lock. A V-shaped gate (10) is provided between adjacent lock chambers. Adjacent lock chambers are connected by a filling and draining channel, and valves are provided on the filling and draining channel. Guide rails are provided on the gate walls (9) on both sides of the gate chamber, and multiple guide rails are provided along the length of the gate walls (9); Floating boxes (1), each gate chamber is equipped with two sets of floating boxes (1), the two sets of floating boxes (1) in each gate chamber are respectively connected to the guide rails set on the two gate walls (9) on both sides of the gate chamber, and can move up and down along the guide rails; the floating boxes (1) on the same side of each gate chamber are set along the same straight line; The walking track (7) is set on the pontoon (1) one by one. The length direction of the walking track (7) is along the length direction of the pontoon (1). The walking tracks (7) set on the pontoon (1) on the same side of each gate chamber are set along the same straight line. A traction device (2) is provided on a travel track (7) and can move along the travel track (7); The guide rail includes a first guide rail and a second guide rail. The first guide rail is a T-shaped rail, and the second guide rail is a straight rail. The float (1) includes a sealed box (101), a double guide device (102), and a one-way lateral guide device (103). The double guide device (102) and the one-way lateral guide device (103) are both located on the side of the sealed box (101) near the gate wall (9). The double guide device (102) is connected to the first guide rail. The one-way lateral guide device (103) is connected to the second guide rail. The sealed box (101) has connecting structures at both ends. The connecting structures are used to connect two adjacent sealed boxes (101).

2. The traction system for a lock adapted to large water level fluctuations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction device (2) includes a traction trolley (201), a traveling device (202), a cable winding and unwinding device (204), a remote control system (205), and a field control system (206). The traction trolley (201) is connected to the traveling track (7) through the traveling device (202). The cable winding and unwinding device (204) is mounted on the traction trolley (201). The cable winding and unwinding device (204) includes a drum on which a traction cable (203) is wound. The cable winding and unwinding device (204) can rotate the drum to wind and unwind the traction cable (203). The traveling device (202) and the cable winding and unwinding device (204) are both electrically connected to the remote control system (205) and the field control system (206).

3. The traction system for a lock adapted to large water level fluctuations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The walking device (202) includes four walking wheels, four variable frequency motors, two frequency converters, and an absolute encoder. The four walking wheels are symmetrically arranged in pairs on both sides of the traction trolley (201). Each walking wheel is connected to a variable frequency motor. The four variable frequency motors are divided into two groups. The walking wheels controlled by the two groups of variable frequency motors are located on both sides of the traction trolley (201). Each group of variable frequency motors is connected to a frequency converter. The two frequency converters are a driving frequency converter and a driven frequency converter. An absolute encoder is installed on the walking wheel controlled by the driven frequency converter. The absolute encoder is electrically connected to the driven frequency converter.

4. The traction system for a lock adapted to large water level fluctuations according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a braking device (3), which comprises a wire rope winch system (301), a wire rope (302), and a guide pulley (303); the wire rope winch system (301) comprises a frame (3011), a wire rope drum (3012), a drive motor (3013), a reducer (3014), a brake (3015), and a control system for the drive motor (3013); the frame (3011) is mounted on the float (1), and the wire rope drum (3012), drive motor (3013), reducer (3014), and brake (3015) are... All 3015 are mounted on the frame (3011). The output shaft of the drive motor (3013) and the input shaft of the reducer (3014) are connected by a coupling. The output shaft of the reducer (3014) is connected to the wire rope drum (3012), and the wire rope drum (3012) is also connected to the brake (3015). One end of the wire rope (302) is fixed on the wire rope drum (3012), and the other end is provided with a cable ring. The guide pulley (303) is fixedly mounted on the float box (1), and the wire rope (302) passes through the guide pulley (303).

5. A traction system for a lock adapted to large water level fluctuations according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a guide device (4), which includes multiple sets of guide wheel mechanisms (401). Each set of guide wheel mechanisms (401) is located on the side of the pontoon (1) away from the gate wall (9), and each set of guide wheel mechanisms (401) is arranged sequentially along the height direction of the pontoon (1). Each set of guide wheel mechanisms (401) includes multiple guide wheel mechanisms (401) arranged sequentially along the length direction of the pontoon (1). The guide wheel mechanism (401) includes a guide wheel (4011) and a guide wheel hinge seat (4012). The guide wheel hinge seat (4012) is located on the pontoon (1), and the guide wheel (4011) is mounted on the guide wheel hinge seat (4012). A mooring bollard (4013) is fixedly installed on the top of the guide wheel hinge seat (4012) of the uppermost set of guide wheel mechanisms (401).

6. A traction system for a lock adapted to large water level fluctuations according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a power supply device (5), which includes a safety sliding contact line (501) and a current collector; the safety sliding contact line (501) is set on the top of the float (1) and installed close to and parallel to the travel track (7); the safety sliding contact line (501) is connected to a power source, and the current collector is fixedly installed on the traction device (2), and the traction device (2) is electrically connected to the safety sliding contact line (501) through the current collector; two sets of current collectors are provided, which serve as hot backups for each other.

7. A traction method for a lock adapted to large water level fluctuations, using the traction system for a lock adapted to large water level fluctuations as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. In accordance with the lock vessel scheduling plan, the operators use the scheduling system to direct the vessels to navigate from the upstream or downstream channel to the No. 1 or No. n lock gates of the lock to form a group, moor, and moor. S2. After the vessels waiting to pass through the lock have moored and stopped at the gate of lock #1 or lock #n, the staff will use the remote control system (205) to control the traction trolleys (201) on both sides of the channel to run to the first row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock at lock #1 or lock #n. The staff will also adjust the length of the traction cables (203) on both sides according to the size of the vessel and the traction angle through the cable release and release device (204). S3. After the length of the traction cables (203) of the two sets of traction trolleys (201) is adjusted, the cable rings of the two traction cables (203) are respectively attached to the traction piles of the first row of ships waiting to pass through the lock. S4. After the tractor (201) is connected to the first row of ships waiting to pass through the lock, the first row of ships will untie their moorings at the gate of lock #1 or lock #n. The tractor (201) will then drag the first row of ships into lock chamber #1 or lock chamber n-1. During the process of the ships entering the lock chamber, the guide devices (4) arranged on the pontoons on both sides of the lock chamber can adjust the navigation direction of the ships at any time. S5. When the first row of ships passing through the lock reaches the braking device (3) arranged on the buoy of lock head 1 or n, the traction trolley (201) starts to brake and decelerate, and hangs the steel wire rope (302) of the braking device (3) on the mooring pile at the stern of the first row of ships waiting to pass through the lock, thus driving the first row of ships passing through the lock to start decelerating. S6. After the first row of vessels passing through the lock slows down and stops, and after the mooring is completed in lock chamber 1 or n-1, the cable ring of the wire rope (302) is removed from the stern of the first row of vessels passing through the lock. The wire rope winch system (301) drives the wire rope (302) to retract and wind onto the wire rope drum. At the same time, the traction trolley (201) is disconnected from the first row of vessels passing through the lock. S7. After the traction trolley (201) is disconnected from the first row of ships passing through the lock, the staff will order the traction trolleys (201) on both sides of the lock chamber to return to the mooring position of the second row of ships waiting to pass through the lock at the No. 1 or No. n lock gate, and adjust the length of the traction cables (203) on both sides according to the ship size and traction angle through the cable winding and unwinding device (204). S8. After the length of the traction cable (203) of the two sets of traction trolleys (201) is adjusted, the cable rings of the traction cable (203) are respectively attached to the traction piles of the second row of ships waiting to pass through the lock. S9. After the tractor (201) is connected to the second row of vessels waiting to pass through the lock, the second row of vessels will untie their moorings from the No. 1 or No. n lock gate. The tractor (201) will then drag the second row of vessels into the No. 1 or No. n-1 lock chamber. S10. When the second row of ships passing through the lock reaches the braking device (3) arranged on the buoy of lock #1 or lock #n, the traction trolley (201) starts to brake and decelerate, and hangs the steel wire rope (302) cable ring of the braking device (3) on the stern of the second row of ships waiting to pass through the lock, thus driving the second row of ships passing through the lock to start decelerating. S11. After the second row of vessels passing through the lock slows down and stops, and after the mooring is completed in lock chamber 1 or n-1, the cable ring of the wire rope (302) is removed from the stern of the second row of vessels passing through the lock. The wire rope winch system (301) drives the wire rope (302) to retract and wind onto the wire rope drum. At the same time, the traction trolley (201) is disconnected from the second row of vessels passing through the lock. S12. Repeat steps S7-S11 until all vessels waiting to pass through the lock at the gate of lock #1 or lock #n are moved to lock chamber #1 or lock chamber n-1 and moored. Then close the gate of lock #1 or lock #n and perform the water filling operation of lock chamber #1 or lock chamber n-1. S13. When the water level of gate chamber 1 and gate chamber 2 or gate chamber n-1 and gate chamber n-2 is equal, the floating boxes (1) on both sides of gate chamber 1 and gate chamber 2 are level, or the floating boxes (1) on both sides of gate chamber n-1 and gate chamber n-2 are level, and the walking tracks (7) arranged on the floating boxes (1) on both sides of gate chamber 1 and gate chamber 2 are connected, and the gate of gate head 2 or gate head n-2 is opened. S14. The staff starts the traction device (2) through the remote control system (205) and issues an order for the passing ships to move from lock chamber 1 to lock chamber 2 or from lock chamber n-1 to lock chamber n-2. At the same time, the staff controls the traction trolleys (201) on both sides of the lock chamber to run to the first row of passing ships in lock chamber 1 or lock chamber n-1. The staff adjusts the length of the traction cables (203) on both sides through the cable winding and unwinding device (204) according to the ship size and traction angle. S15. Repeat steps S3-S12 until all vessels moored in lock chamber 1 or n-1 have moved to lock chamber 2 or n-2 and moored. Then close the gate of lock head 2 or n-1 and perform the water filling operation of lock chamber 2 or n-1. S16. Repeat steps S13-S15 until the vessel passes through the lock from upstream to downstream or from downstream to upstream. The traction process ends when the vessel passes through the lock downstream or upstream.

8. The traction method for a lock adapted to large water level fluctuations according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the vessels in steps S1 and S2 are convoyed or grouped at the dock, if the length and freeboard height of the vessels in the same group are different, the length of the traction cable (203) should be adjusted so that the output traction force of the traction trolleys (201) on both sides of the channel is similar and the difference is within 5%.

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