A wire rope breaking test apparatus and method

Abstract

A wire rope breaking test device includes a main frame, with a movable seat laterally slidable between the long sides of the main frame. The movable seat is driven to move laterally by a push-pull mechanism located on the front short side of the main frame. Clamping mechanisms for securing the ends of the wire rope are respectively arranged opposite to the movable seat and the rear short side of the main frame. A wire rope breaking test method includes the following steps: First, the sample is passed through the limiting protection mechanism with a wire rope, and the ends of the wire rope are respectively clamped in the fixtures of the clamping mechanism. Then, a hydraulic cylinder drives the force-applying frame to move under hydraulic pressure, and the movable seat and the rear sealing seat move relative to each other, thereby applying the test force to the wire rope to conduct the breaking test. This invention can better perform high-precision testing on long wire rope samples; this invention not only effectively solves the prominent problems of long sample preparation time, high testing cost, and low detection efficiency existing in the alloy casting method.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of steel wire rope detection equipment, and particularly relates to a steel wire rope breaking test device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Steel wire rope is an important component or material indispensable and irreplaceable in the field of coal mine safety production, and its application range is wide and the application amount is large, which is directly related to the safety of workers' lives and the safety production of mines.

[0003] Article 410 of the Coal Mine Safety Regulations clearly stipulates that before steel wire rope is suspended, three tests of breaking, bending and twisting must be carried out, and it can be used only after passing the test.

[0004] In the national standard GB / T8358-2014 "Method for Determining Actual Breaking Tension of Steel Wire Rope", there are five recommended methods for determining the actual breaking tension of steel wire rope, which are alloy casting method, resin casting method, sleeve pressing method, direct clamping method and winding method. Among them, the alloy casting method is the most basic, most common and most widely used method in the industry.

[0005] Since the alloy casting method is used to determine the actual breaking tension of steel wire rope, there are many practical problems such as long sample preparation time, high test cost and low detection efficiency. Therefore, the present application uses the direct clamping method to determine the actual breaking tension of steel wire rope. However, the existing breaking test device for the direct clamping method mostly adopts a vertical structure. Due to the limitations of the structure itself or the test site, this vertical test device often cannot test long steel wire samples with high precision. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a steel wire rope breaking test device and method to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and the specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0007] A steel wire rope breaking test device, comprising a main frame horizontally arranged in a rectangular frame structure, a moving seat is horizontally slidably arranged between the long side portions of the main frame, the moving seat is driven to move horizontally by a push-pull mechanism arranged on the front short side portion of the main frame, and a clamping mechanism for clamping the end portion of the steel wire rope is respectively arranged on the rear short side portion of the main frame.

[0008] Further, the main frame comprises side support beams arranged transversely opposite to each other, the longitudinal section of the side support beam is a C-shaped structure, the end portions of the moving seat respectively extend into the corresponding side support beam with a gap, and the moving seat is kept in transversely rolling connection with the top surface of the corresponding side support beam through the guide support mechanisms symmetrically arranged on the top end portions of the moving seat; the end portions of the two side support beams are respectively fixedly connected perpendicularly through the front and rear sealing seats matched therewith, and the push-pull mechanism is horizontally arranged on the front sealing seat.

[0009] Further, the push-pull mechanism includes an oil cylinder horizontally and fixedly penetrating through the middle part of the side surface of the front sealing seat, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder faces away from the moving seat. A moving cross beam is vertically connected to the end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder. The end parts of the moving cross beam and the corresponding end parts of the moving seat are fixedly connected respectively through tie rods that pass through the end part of the front sealing seat with a horizontal gap.

[0010] Further, the front part of the moving cross beam is kept in lateral sliding with the horizontal ground through a sliding support mechanism; the sliding support mechanism includes a mounting plate, and the mounting plate is horizontally and fixedly bridged with the end part of the tie rod extending out of the front side surface of the moving cross beam. The bottom end parts of the mounting plate are symmetrically provided with support frames respectively. The bottom of the support frame is provided with pulleys, and the pulleys are in lateral rolling fit connection with corresponding slide rails arranged on the horizontal ground, and the slide rails are arranged in the same direction as the tie rod. At least two connecting rods are fixedly bridged between the two slide rails.

[0011] Further, the guiding and supporting mechanism includes a support plate, and the support plate is horizontally arranged corresponding to the top end part of the moving seat. Guide wheels are arranged at intervals along the short side direction of the moving seat on the outer side surface of the support plate, and the guide wheels are in rolling fit connection with corresponding guide rails arranged on the inner edge of the top surface of the side support beam.

[0012] Further, the clamping mechanism includes a V-shaped clamping opening, and the clamping opening is horizontally and penetratingly formed corresponding to the middle part of the top surface of the rear sealing seat or the moving seat. Two wedge-shaped clamping plates arranged oppositely are horizontally slidably inserted and fitted in the clamping opening. A pressing plate is fixedly installed above the hypotenuse part of the clamping plate along the edge of the corresponding clamping opening, and the bottom surface of the pressing plate is in sliding contact with the top surface of the hypotenuse part of the clamping plate; Wear-resistant clamping pieces for clamping the end part of the corresponding steel wire rope are respectively horizontally and fixedly attached to the straight edge parts of each clamping plate; Cylinders are horizontally and symmetrically arranged at the bottom end parts of the rear sealing seat or the moving seat respectively. A push plate is horizontally and fixedly bridged between the end parts of the piston rods of the two cylinders. The outer end parts of the two clamping plates are horizontally slidably limited and connected with the inner side surface of the corresponding same push plate.

[0013] Further, a limit protection mechanism is horizontally erected between the two side support beams, and the limit protection mechanism is sleeved outside the middle section of the steel wire rope in a tightened state;

[0014] The limit protection mechanism includes a support frame horizontally arranged and in a "day" - shaped structure. The middle parts of the long side sides of the support frame are vertically and fixedly connected with the corresponding side support beams respectively through suspension rods; A limit component sleeved outside the middle part of the steel wire rope is longitudinally arranged at the center of the support frame, and a protection component is erected along the long side direction of the support frame directly above the limit component.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting component includes a U-shaped seat vertically disposed at the center of the support frame. The bottom surface of the U-shaped seat is configured as an arc-shaped surface in the middle. The middle part of the steel wire rope is placed on the arc-shaped surface. The two ends of the arc-shaped surface are configured as horizontal surfaces. An inverted U-shaped locking block is placed longitudinally on the horizontal surface. The outer side of the locking block is in contact with the inner side of the corresponding U-shaped seat. The inner surface of the locking block is spaced apart from the steel wire rope. The upper part of the U-shaped seat is screwed with an inner corner screw for pressing the locking block through a threaded section provided on the top of its inner side.

[0016] Furthermore, the protective component includes a protective plate with a semi-circular cross-section, and the length of the protective plate is the same as the length of the support frame. A guide plate is vertically connected to the bottom surface of the protective plate along its long side. Guide rods are vertically spaced through the inner ends of the guide plates. The guide rods are vertically connected to the corners of the corresponding support frames. A hemispherical cap is axially connected to the top of the guide rod. A spring is axially sleeved on the guide rod. The bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support frame, and its top end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the corresponding guide plate.

[0017] A method for testing the breaking strength of a steel wire rope, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] First, the sample is threaded through the limiting and protective mechanism with a steel wire rope, and the ends of the steel wire rope are respectively clamped in the fixtures of the clamping mechanism. The movable seat is connected to the movable crossbeam through a pull rod to form a force-applying frame. The front and rear sealing seats are connected by side support beams to form a load-bearing frame. Then, the hydraulic cylinder drives the force-applying frame to move under the action of hydraulic pressure, and the movable seat and the rear sealing seat move relative to each other, thereby applying the test force to the steel wire rope to carry out the breaking test.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] The test device of this invention adopts a horizontal structure, which can better perform high-precision testing on longer steel wire rope samples. This invention determines the actual breaking tensile force of steel wire rope by direct clamping method, which not only effectively solves the outstanding problems of long sample preparation time, high test cost and low detection efficiency of alloy casting method, but also directly improves the efficiency of steel wire rope breaking test by 12 times, and can save about 300,000 yuan in material costs every year. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A top view of the structure of the present invention after clamping the wire rope is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 A partial installation structure diagram of the clamping mechanism in this invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 3It shows Figure 1 Top view of the structure with external limiting and protective mechanism for steel wire rope;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the limiting and protective mechanism in this invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 5 A top view of the support frame structure in this invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the limiting component in this invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 7 An exploded view of the limiting component in this invention is shown.

[0028] The diagram shows: 1. Main frame; 11. Side support beam; 12. Front sealing seat; 13. Rear sealing seat; 2. Movable seat; 3. Push-pull mechanism; 31. Hydraulic cylinder; 32. Movable crossbeam; 33. Tie rod; 4. Clamping mechanism; 41. Clamping jaw; 42. Clamping plate; 43. Pressure plate; 44. Wear-resistant clamping piece; 45. Push plate; 46. Cylinder; 5. Sliding support mechanism; 51. Mounting plate; 52. Support frame; 53. Pulley; 54. Slide rail; 541. Connecting rod; 6. Guide support mechanism. 61. Support plate; 62. Guide wheel; 63. Guide rail; 7. Steel wire rope; 8. Limiting and protective mechanism; 81. Support frame; 82. Suspension rod; 83. Limiting component; 831. U-shaped seat; 8311. Arc surface; 8312. Horizontal surface; 8313. Threaded section; 832. Locking block; 833. Internal angle screw; 84. Protective component; 841. Guard plate; 842. Guide plate; 843. Guide rod; 8431. Stop cap; 844. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a wire rope breaking test device includes a main frame 1 that is horizontally arranged and has a rectangular frame structure. A movable seat 2 is laterally slidably mounted between the long sides of the main frame 1. The movable seat 2 is driven to move laterally by a push-pull mechanism 3 mounted on the front short side of the main frame 1. Clamping mechanisms 4 for securing the ends of the wire rope 7 are respectively arranged opposite to the movable seat 2 and the rear short side of the main frame 1.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the test device directly clamps the wire rope 7 laterally through two clamping mechanisms 4, and drives the moving seat 2 to move relative to the short side of the main frame 1 through the push-pull mechanism 3, thereby applying the test force to the wire rope 7 to carry out the breaking test; the test device adopts a horizontal structure, which can better perform high-precision testing on longer wire rope samples.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the main frame 1 includes side support beams 11 arranged laterally opposite each other. The longitudinal section of the side support beams 11 is a C-shaped structure. The ends of the movable seats 2 extend into the corresponding side support beams 11 with a gap. The movable seats 2 are kept in a laterally rolling connection with the top surface of the corresponding side support beams 11 by guide support mechanisms 6 symmetrically arranged at their top ends. The ends of the two side support beams 11 are vertically fixedly connected to each other by front sealing seats 12 and rear sealing seats 13 that are adapted to them. The push-pull mechanism 3 is horizontally mounted on the front sealing seat 12.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the C-shaped side support beam 11 can conceal the end of the movable seat 2 within it, thus serving as a limiting mechanism; the guide support mechanism 6 facilitates the lateral movement of the movable seat 2 along the side support beam 11.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the push-pull mechanism 3 includes a hydraulic cylinder 31 that is laterally fixed through the middle of the side of the front sealing seat 12, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 31 faces away from the movable seat 2. The end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is vertically connected to a movable crossbeam 32. The end of the movable crossbeam 32 and the end of the corresponding movable seat 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the pull rod 33 that passes through the end of the front sealing seat 12 through a lateral gap.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable seat 2 is connected to the movable crossbeam 32 through the tie rod 33 to form a force-applying frame. The main frame is the force-bearing frame. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 31 drives the force-applying frame to move under the action of hydraulic pressure. The movable seat 2 moves relative to the rear sealing seat 13, so that the test force can be applied smoothly to the wire rope 7.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the front part of the movable crossbeam 32 maintains lateral sliding with the horizontal ground through the sliding support mechanism 5; the sliding support mechanism 5 includes a mounting plate 51, which is laterally fixedly bridged with the end of the tie rod 33 extending from the front side of the movable crossbeam 32. Support frames 52 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the mounting plate 51, and pulleys 53 are provided at the bottom of the support frames 52. The pulleys 53 are laterally rolled and connected with the corresponding slide rails 54 arranged on the horizontal ground. The slide rails 54 are arranged in the same direction as the tie rod 33, and the two slide rails 54 are fixedly bridged by at least two connecting rods 541.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding support mechanism 5 can move synchronously with the moving crossbeam 32 and support the moving crossbeam 32, thereby reducing the load on the tie rod 33, making the lateral movement of the tie rod 33 more stable, and extending its service life.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the guide support mechanism 6 includes a support plate 61, which is laterally disposed at the top end of the movable seat 2. The outer side of the support plate 61 is provided with guide wheels 62 at intervals along the short side of the movable seat 2. The guide wheels 62 are in rolling engagement with the guide rails 63 which are laterally disposed at the inner edge of the top surface of the side support beam 11.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, the set guide support mechanism 6 can facilitate the lateral movement of the movable seat 2 along the side support beam 11 and also support the movable seat 2; wherein, the double row of guide wheels 62 on each side makes the operation more stable and the load-bearing capacity greater; the guide wheels 62 move laterally along the guide rail 63 to ensure the accuracy of the wire rope 2 breaking test.

[0040] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the clamping mechanism 4 includes a V-shaped clamping opening 41, which is laterally opened through the middle of the top surface of the rear sealing seat 13 or the movable seat 2. Two wedge-shaped clamping plates 42 are laterally slidably inserted into the clamping opening 41. A pressure plate 43 is fixedly installed above the inclined side of the clamping plate 42 along the edge of the corresponding clamping opening 41, and the bottom surface of the pressure plate 43 is slidably attached to the top surface of the inclined side of the clamping plate 42. A wear-resistant clamping piece 44 for clamping the end of the corresponding wire rope 7 is laterally fixedly attached to the straight edge of each clamping plate 42. Cylinders 46 are symmetrically arranged laterally at the bottom end of the rear sealing seat 13 or the movable seat 2. A push plate 45 is laterally fixedly bridged between the piston rod ends of the two cylinders 46. The outer ends of the two clamping plates 42 are laterally slidably limited and connected to the inner side of the corresponding push plate 45.

[0041] By adopting the above technical solution, the two cylinders 46 jointly apply a thrust to the corresponding push plate 45. The push plate 45 drives the clamping plate 42 to move along the clamping opening 41 and the pressure plate 43, so that the distance between the two wear-resistant clamping plates 44 gradually decreases, thereby clamping the end of the corresponding wire rope 7; conversely, the distance between the two wear-resistant clamping plates 44 can also be increased. The outer ends of the two clamping plates 42 are laterally sliding and limited to the inner side of the corresponding push plate 45. This allows the outer ends of the clamping plates 42 to move laterally along the push plate 45 as the push plate 45 drives the two clamping plates 42 to move along the clamping opening 41, thus not affecting the clamping action.

[0042] likeFigures 3-5 As shown, a limiting and protective mechanism 8 is transversely installed between the two side stay beams 11, and the limiting and protective mechanism 8 is sleeved outside the middle section of the wire rope 7 in a taut state;

[0043] The limiting and protective mechanism 8 includes a support frame 81 horizontally arranged in a "day" - shaped structure. The middle parts of the long - side sides of the support frame 81 are respectively vertically and fixedly connected to the corresponding side stay beams 11 through suspension rods 82; a limiting component 83 sleeved outside the middle part of the wire rope 7 is longitudinally arranged at the center of the support frame 81, and a protective component 84 is installed along the long - side direction of the support frame 81 directly above the limiting component 83.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, when conducting a breaking test on a relatively long wire rope 7, the middle section of the wire rope 7 has a tendency to drop during the test, which affects the accuracy of the test; in addition, after the middle section of the wire rope 7 breaks, it may bounce out of the outside of the equipment, causing certain damage to the surrounding equipment and personnel; the limiting and protective mechanism 8 provided in this test device can both support the middle section of the relatively long wire rope 7 without affecting the test and block the middle section of the wire rope 7 after breaking to prevent it from bouncing out of the outside.

[0045] As Figure 4 、 6 and as shown in 7, the limiting component 83 includes a U - shaped seat 831 vertically arranged at the center of the support frame 81. The middle part of the bottom surface of the U - shaped seat 831 is set as an arc surface 8311. The middle section of the wire rope 7 is placed on the arc surface 8311. The two ends of the arc surface 8311 are set as horizontal surfaces 8312. An inverted U - shaped block 832 is longitudinally placed on the horizontal surfaces 8312, and the outer side surface of the block 832 is in contact with the inner side surface of the corresponding U - shaped seat 831. There is a gap between the inner surface of the block 832 and the wire rope 7; a corner screw 833 for pressing the block 832 is screwed and fitted through a threaded section 8313 arranged at the top of the inner side surface of the upper part of the U - shaped seat 831.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the provided limiting component 83 can well support and limit the middle section of the wire rope 7; first, place the middle section of the wire rope 7 on the arc surface 8311 of the U - shaped seat 831, then, clamp the block 832 and screw on the corner screw 833 to press the block 832. The whole adopts an assembled structure, which is convenient for disassembly, replacement, and reasonable design. It not only has a good limiting effect but can also withstand the impact force when the middle section of the wire rope 7 breaks.

[0047] As Figure 3 and 4As shown, the protective component 84 includes a protective plate 841 with a semi-circular cross-section, and the length of the protective plate 841 is the same as the length of the support frame 81. A guide plate 842 is vertically connected to the bottom surface of the protective plate 841 along its long side. Guide rods 843 are vertically spaced through the inner ends of the guide plate 842. The guide rods 843 are vertically connected to the corners of the corresponding support frame 81. A hemispherical cap 8431 is axially connected to the top of the guide rod 843. A spring 844 is axially sleeved on the guide rod 843. The bottom end of the spring 844 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support frame 81, and its top end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the corresponding guide plate 842.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective component 84 adopts an elastic protective cover structure, which has a good buffering effect and can effectively offset the impact force caused by the breakage of the middle section of the wire rope 7. After the broken wire rope 7 impacts the guard plate 841, the guide plate 842 on the bottom surface of the guard plate 841 slides longitudinally along the guide rod 843 and vibrates and resets under the action of the spring 844's rebound force. The stop cap 8431 can prevent the guide plate 842 from detaching from the guide rod 843. The stop cap 8431 is designed as a hemispherical structure, which can abut against the semi-circular guard plate 841 when it falls, which can effectively reduce the wear on the inner surface of the guard plate 841.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, a method for testing the breaking strength of a steel wire rope includes the following steps:

[0050] First, the sample is passed through the limiting protection mechanism 8 with a steel wire rope 7, and the ends of the steel wire rope 7 are respectively clamped in the fixtures of the clamping mechanism 4. The movable seat 2 is connected to the movable crossbeam 32 through the pull rod 33 to form a force-applying frame. The front sealing seat 12 and the rear sealing seat 13 are connected by the side support beam 11 to form a force-bearing frame. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 31 drives the force-applying frame to move under the action of hydraulic pressure, and the movable seat 2 and the rear sealing seat 13 move relative to each other, thereby applying the test force to the steel wire rope 7 to carry out the breaking test.

[0051] By adopting the above technical solution and using the direct clamping method to determine the actual breaking tensile force of the wire rope, not only are the prominent problems of long sample preparation time, high test cost and low detection efficiency of the alloy casting method effectively solved, the efficiency of wire rope breaking test is increased by 12 times, and material costs can be saved by about 300,000 yuan per year.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wire rope breaking test apparatus characterized by: The utility model provides a kind of steel wire rope winding and unwinding device, including the main frame (1) of horizontal arrangement and rectangular frame structure, the long side part of the main frame (1) is equipped with moving seat (2) between transverse sliding frame, the moving seat (2) is driven transverse by being arranged on the front short side of the main frame (1) on push-pull mechanism (3) and moves, the moving seat (2) and the rear short side of the main frame (1) are respectively oppositely provided with clamping mechanism (4) for clamping the end of steel wire rope (7); The main frame (1) includes laterally opposite edge support beam (11), the longitudinal section of the edge support beam (11) is C-shaped structure, the end of the moving seat (2) is respectively gap to the corresponding edge support beam (11) inside, and the moving seat (2) is kept with the corresponding edge support beam (11) top surface transverse rolling connection through the guide support mechanism (6) symmetrically arranged on its top end portion;The end of two edge support beams (11) is respectively connected vertically by the front seal seat (12) and the rear seal seat (13) matched therewith, and the front seal seat (12) is equipped with the push-pull mechanism (3) laterally; The push-pull mechanism (3) includes oil cylinder (31) fixed transversely through the middle part of the side of the front seal seat (12), and the piston rod of the oil cylinder (31) is away from the side of the moving seat (2), the piston rod end of the oil cylinder (31) is connected with moving crossbeam (32) vertically, and the end of the moving crossbeam (32) and the end of the corresponding moving seat (2) are respectively connected with the pull rod (33) fixedly connected through the end of the front seal seat (12) laterally with gap; The clamping mechanism (4) includes V-shaped structure's clamping port (41), the clamping port (41) is correspondingly provided with a top surface in the middle part of the rear seal seat (13) or the moving seat (2), the clamping port (41) is inserted and matched with two oppositely arranged wedge-shaped structure clamping plates (42) laterally sliding, the inclined edge portion of the clamping plate (42) is fixedly installed with the pressing plate (43) above along the corresponding edge of the clamping port (41), and the bottom surface of the pressing plate (43) and the inclined edge top surface of the clamping plate (42) are slidingly attached;The straight edge of each clamping plate (42) is respectively fixedly attached with a wear-resistant clamping piece (44) for clamping the corresponding end of the steel wire rope (7);The bottom end of the rear seal seat (13) or the moving seat (2) is respectively provided with a gas cylinder (46) laterally symmetrically, and the piston rod end of the two gas cylinders (46) is bridged with a push plate (45) fixedly connected laterally, and the outer end of the two clamping plates (42) is connected with the inner side of the corresponding push plate (45) laterally slidingly limited.

2. A wire rope breaking test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front part of the moving cross beam (32) is kept transversely sliding with the horizontal ground through the slide support mechanism (5); the slide support mechanism (5) comprises a mounting plate (51) which is fixedly bridged with the end part of the pull rod (33) extending from the front side of the moving cross beam (32) transversely, the bottom end part of the mounting plate (51) is provided with a support frame (52) symmetrically, the bottom of the support frame (52) is provided with a pulley (53), the pulley (53) is transversely rolling matched and connected with the slide rail (54) provided on the horizontal ground correspondingly, and the slide rail (54) is arranged in the same direction with the pull rod (33), and the two slide rails (54) are fixedly bridged through at least two connecting rods (541).

3. A wire rope breaking test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide support mechanism (6) comprises a support plate (61) which is correspondingly provided on the top end part of the moving base (2) transversely, the outer side of the support plate (61) is provided with a guide wheel (62) along the short edge direction of the moving base (2) at intervals, and the guide wheel (62) is rolling matched and connected with the guide rail (63) provided on the inner edge of the top surface of the side support beam (11) correspondingly transversely.

4. A wire rope breaking test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting protection mechanism (8) is transversely arranged between the two side support beams (11), and the limiting protection mechanism (8) is sleeved on the outer part of the middle part of the steel wire rope (7) in the taut state; The limiting protection mechanism (8) comprises a support frame (81) which is horizontally arranged and has a "day" shape structure, the middle part of the long side of the support frame (81) is fixedly connected with the corresponding side support beam (11) perpendicularly through a suspension rod (82); a limiting assembly (83) which is sleeved on the outer side of the middle part of the steel wire rope (7) is longitudinally arranged at the center of the support frame (81), and a protection assembly (84) is arranged above the limiting assembly (83) along the long side direction of the support frame (81).

5. A wire rope breaking test apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (83) comprises a U-shaped seat (831) which is arranged perpendicularly at the center of the support frame (81), the middle part of the bottom surface of the U-shaped seat (831) is provided as an arc surface (8311), the middle part of the steel wire rope (7) is arranged on the arc surface (8311), the two end sides of the arc surface (8311) are provided as horizontal surfaces (8312), a clamping block (832) which has an inverted U-shaped structure is longitudinally arranged on the horizontal surface (8312), the outer side of the clamping block (832) is abutted with the inner side of the U-shaped seat (831) correspondingly, and the inner surface of the clamping block (832) is arranged in a gap with the steel wire rope (7); the upper part of the U-shaped seat (831) is screw-connected with an internal corner screw (833) which is used for pressing the clamping block (832) through the screw thread segment (8313) arranged on the top of the inner side.

6. A wire rope breaking test apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protection assembly (84) includes a half-circular structure of the guard plate (841) in longitudinal section, and the length of the guard plate (841) is the same as the length of the support frame (81), the bottom surface of the guard plate (841) is vertically connected with a guide plate (842) along the long edge direction, the inner side end of the guide plate (842) is respectively vertically gap-connected with a guide rod (843), the guide rod (843) is vertically connected with the corresponding corner of the support frame (81), and the top end of the guide rod (843) is axially connected with a hemispherical structure of the blocking cap (8431); the guide rod (843) is axially sleeved with a spring (844), the bottom end of the spring (844) is fixedly connected with the top surface of the support frame (81), and the top end is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the corresponding guide plate (842).

7. A method of breaking test of a steel wire rope, characterized by, The steel wire rope breaking test device of claim 4 is used, and the method comprises the following steps: First, the sample is threaded with the steel wire rope (7) through the limiting protection mechanism (8), and the ends of the steel wire rope (7) are respectively clamped in the fittings of the clamping mechanism (4), wherein the moving seat (2) is connected with the moving cross beam (32) through the pull rod (33) to form a force applying frame, the front sealing seat (12) and the rear sealing seat (13) are connected through the side support beam (11) to form a force bearing frame, then the oil cylinder (31) drives the force applying frame to move under the action of the hydraulic pressure, the moving seat (2) moves relative to the rear sealing seat (13), and then the test force is applied to the steel wire rope (7) to perform the breaking test.

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