High-power underground antenna structure and layout method

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-power underground antenna structure, including an antenna housing. The antenna housing is installed in a horizontal borehole in the side wall of an underground structure. The antenna housing includes a front end and a rear end. The front end is inserted into the horizontal borehole in the side wall of the underground structure, and the rear end is located outside the horizontal borehole. The front end is connected to a first end cap, and the rear end is fixedly connected to a second end cap, thereby preventing moisture from entering the antenna housing from the underground structure. An antenna body is inserted into the antenna housing. One end of the antenna body is inserted into the antenna housing, and the other end is connected to a feeding device to power the antenna. The antenna body is connected to an antenna tuning box, which is connected to a radio station. The antenna body can transmit and receive information for the radio station. This invention also discloses a method for arranging the high-power underground antenna structure. The high-power underground antenna structure of this invention is simple, has high arrangement efficiency, and uses a horizontal borehole arrangement to improve the antenna's concealment and survivability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground communication technology, and in particular to a high-power underground antenna structure and its arrangement method. Background Technology

[0002] Typically, antennas for transmitting equipment such as radios are installed overhead, commonly using inverted L-shaped antennas, umbrella antennas, or traveling wave antennas. However, when such equipment is deployed underground, obstacles such as soil, concrete, and vegetation often obstruct the signal, resulting in poor wireless network coverage. Consequently, radios and other transmitting equipment used underground frequently fail to function properly due to weak signals, causing significant inconvenience for their operation and management. Conversely, placing the antennas above ground compromises the system's concealment and resilience, failing to meet the requirements for use in underground projects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a high-power underground antenna structure and arrangement method, which features stable signal and high concealment. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0004] A high-power underground antenna structure includes an antenna housing, which is installed in a horizontal borehole in the side wall of an underground structure. The antenna housing includes a front end and a rear end. The front end is inserted into the horizontal borehole in the side wall of the underground structure, and the rear end is located outside the horizontal borehole. The front end is connected to a first end cap, and the rear end is fixedly connected to a second end cap, thereby preventing moisture from entering the antenna housing from the underground structure. An antenna body is inserted into the antenna housing, with one end inserted into the antenna housing and the other end connected to a power supply device to power the antenna. The antenna body is connected to an antenna tuning box, which is connected to a radio station. The antenna body can transmit and receive information for the radio station.

[0005] Furthermore, the first end cap includes a first connecting portion and a first guiding portion. The first connecting portion is fixedly connected to the front end to close the opening at the front end of the antenna tube. The cross-section of the first guiding portion is arc-shaped or conical, and the first guiding portion can provide a guiding function to facilitate the insertion of the antenna tube.

[0006] Furthermore, a second connecting part is provided on the second end cover. The second connecting part is annular and can be sleeved on the outer surface of the rear end to increase the contact area with the rear end, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the second end cover and the rear end. A second through hole is provided at the center of the second end cover, and the antenna body inside the antenna tube can pass through the second through hole and be connected to the feeding device.

[0007] Furthermore, the antenna body includes an antenna core and a protective sleeve. The antenna core includes a working part and a feed connection part. The working part of the antenna core is housed within the protective sleeve. The end of the protective sleeve away from the feed connection part is connected to the antenna head accessory. The antenna head accessory can improve the strength of the antenna body end to facilitate the insertion of the antenna body into the antenna tube. One end of the antenna head accessory is provided with an antenna body receiving cavity, in which the antenna body can be housed to achieve the connection between the antenna head accessory and the antenna body. The other end of the antenna head accessory is tapered. The tapered antenna head accessory can serve as a guide to prevent the antenna body from getting stuck when it is inserted into the antenna tube.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the protective sleeve near the feed connection is connected to the baffle. The baffle is fitted with the inner wall of the antenna tube, and the end of the baffle abuts against the protective sleeve. The connection between the baffle and the inner wall of the antenna tube is sealed with epoxy resin. A first through hole is provided at the center of the baffle, through which the feed connection of the antenna body inside the antenna tube can pass and be connected to the feed device.

[0009] Furthermore, a cavity is formed between the baffle and the second end cap, and liquid glass glue is placed in the cavity to further improve the reliability of the connection between the second end cap and the baffle and the antenna tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the baffle is positioned in the middle between the second end cover and the side wall of the underground project. An air hole is provided on the side wall of the antenna tube between the baffle and the side wall of the underground project. The air hole is connected to an air inlet. The air inlet is connected to the waveguide air inlet through an air pipe. The air inlet can inflate the cavity between the antenna body and the antenna tube, keeping the cavity dry and ensuring the stability of the antenna parameters.

[0011] A method for arranging a high-power underground antenna structure, comprising the aforementioned high-power underground antenna structure, includes the following steps:

[0012] The first step is to drill horizontal holes in the side walls of the underground structure;

[0013] The second step is to install the antenna tube. The front end of the antenna tube is fixedly connected to the first end cap and then inserted into the horizontal hole. The rear end of the antenna tube protrudes from the side wall of the underground project.

[0014] The third step is to install the antenna body after the antenna tube is installed. Install the antenna head accessory at the front end of the antenna body, and then insert the antenna body into the antenna tube, with the end of the antenna body protruding from the rear end of the antenna tube.

[0015] The fourth step is to remove the outer protective sleeve from the end of the antenna body, leaving only the antenna core. Then, install the second end cap at the rear end of the antenna tube, ensuring that the antenna core passes through the second end cap during installation. The second end cap is then fixedly connected to the antenna tube.

[0016] Fifth, connect the antenna core to the core terminal of the high-voltage high-frequency coaxial RF connector socket on the power supply device. The outer shell of the power supply device is grounded nearby via a wide copper strip. Use the outer shell of the power supply device to cover the tail of the antenna body to prevent personnel from being electrocuted.

[0017] Furthermore, after removing the outer protective sleeve from the end of the antenna body, the antenna core is first passed through the baffle, which is housed inside the antenna tube. The baffle abuts against the end of the protective sleeve, and the connection between the baffle and the inner wall of the antenna tube is sealed with epoxy resin. Then, a second end cap is connected to the rear end of the antenna tube, so that a cavity is formed between the baffle and the second end cap.

[0018] Drill holes in the side wall of the antenna tube between the second end cap and the baffle and inject liquid silicone sealant to fill and seal it.

[0019] Drill a hole near the side wall of the underground project to install an air inlet. The air inlet is positioned between the baffle and the side wall of the underground project and is connected to the waveguide inflator via an air pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, when installing the antenna protective tube, the rear end of the antenna protective tube protrudes 10cm from the side wall of the underground project;

[0021] When drilling horizontally on the side wall of an underground project, the drilling length is 150m and the diameter is 110mm.

[0022] The antenna sheath is made of φ90 PE pipe. The antenna sheath is sealed with the first end cap and the second end cap by heat fusion, and adjacent PE pipes are connected by heat fusion.

[0023] Antenna length 150m, conductor cross-sectional area 4mm² 2 Outer diameter 60mm; 25cm is reserved at the end of the antenna body after removing the outer protective cover;

[0024] When the casing of the power supply device is grounded, the grounding resistance of the power supply device shall not exceed 5Ω.

[0025] The high-power underground antenna of this invention has a simple structure, fast antenna connection, and high deployment efficiency. It employs a horizontal aperture arrangement, ensuring stable antenna parameters during transmission and reception, and improving the antenna's concealment and survivability. A PE pipe protects the antenna body, ensuring reliable operation. Furthermore, by filling the cavity between the antenna body and the PE pipe with air to keep the cavity dry, the stability of the antenna parameters is further guaranteed.

[0026] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-power underground antenna structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the front end of the high-power underground antenna structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the rear end of the high-power underground antenna structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the rear end of the high-power underground antenna structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the high-power underground antenna structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To better understand the purpose, function, and specific design scheme of this invention, the high-power underground antenna structure and arrangement method of this invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the high-power underground antenna structure of the present invention includes an antenna tube 1, which is installed in a horizontal borehole in the side wall of the underground project. The antenna tube 1 is a hollow tube with openings at both ends. A first end cap 2 and a second end cap 3 are respectively provided at both ends of the antenna tube 1 to ensure that the inside of the antenna tube 1 is a sealed space, thereby preventing water vapor in the underground project from entering the inside of the antenna tube 1. An antenna body 4 is placed inside the antenna tube 1. One end of the antenna body 4 is inserted into the antenna tube 1, and the other end is connected to a power supply device 5 to supply power to the antenna. The antenna body 4 is connected to an antenna tuning box, which is connected to a radio station. The antenna body 4 can transmit and receive information for the radio station.

[0035] Specifically, the antenna tube 1 includes a front end and a rear end. The front end is inserted into a horizontal borehole in the side wall of the underground project, and the rear end is located outside the horizontal borehole. The front end is connected to a first end cap 2, which includes a first connecting part and a first guide part 21. The first connecting part is fixedly connected to the front end to close the opening at the front end of the antenna tube 1, thereby preventing foreign objects in the horizontal borehole from entering the antenna tube 1 and avoiding contamination of the working environment of the antenna body 4. In this embodiment, the first connecting part and the front end are bonded with epoxy resin. Epoxy resin has high bonding strength and good corrosion resistance, making it very suitable for the application environment of this invention. The cross-section of the first guide part 21 is arc-shaped or conical, so that when the antenna tube 1 is inserted into the horizontal borehole in the side wall of the underground project, the first guide part 21 can provide a guiding function, facilitating the insertion of the antenna tube 1.

[0036] The rear end is fixedly connected to the second end cap 3, thereby preventing foreign objects in the underground project from entering the antenna tube 1 and avoiding contamination of the working environment of the antenna body 4. In this embodiment, the rear end and the second end cap 3 are bonded with epoxy resin. Epoxy resin has high bonding strength and good corrosion resistance, making it very suitable for the operating environment of this invention. Preferably, the second end cap 3 is provided with a second connecting part 31, which is annular. The second connecting part 31 can be sleeved on the outer surface of the rear end to increase the contact area with the rear end, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the second end cap 3 and the rear end. It is worth noting that a second through hole is provided at the center of the second end cap 3, through which the antenna body 4 inside the antenna tube 1 can pass and connect to the feeding device 5.

[0037] In this embodiment, the antenna protective tube 1 is a PE pipe. PE pipes have good low-temperature impact resistance and can be used safely in a temperature range of -60 to 60℃. Even during winter construction, the pipes will not crack due to the material's good impact resistance. Furthermore, PE pipes are resistant to corrosion from various chemical media, and chemicals present in the soil will not cause any degradation to the pipes. In addition, PE pipes have strong resistance to chemical corrosion and are unaffected by soil or contaminants with a pH value ranging from 1.5 to 14. At the same time, PE pipes are lighter than concrete pipes, galvanized pipes, and steel pipes, making them easier to handle and install, reducing the need for manpower and equipment, and thus significantly reducing the installation cost of the project. The first end cap 2 and the second end cap 3 at both ends of the antenna protective tube 1 are heat-fused to the antenna protective tube 1 and then sealed with epoxy resin.

[0038] The antenna body 4 includes an antenna core 41 and a protective sleeve 42. The antenna core 41 includes a working part and a feed connection part. The working part of the antenna core 41 is housed within the protective sleeve 42. One end of the protective sleeve 42 away from the feed connection part is connected to the antenna head accessory 6. One end of the antenna head accessory 6 is provided with an antenna body 4 receiving cavity, in which the antenna body 4 can be housed to achieve the connection between the antenna head accessory 6 and the antenna body 4. The other end of the antenna head accessory 6 is tapered. The antenna head accessory 6 can improve the strength of the end of the antenna body 4. In addition, the tapered antenna head accessory 6 can play a guiding role to prevent the antenna body 4 from getting stuck when it is inserted into the antenna protective tube 1. In this embodiment, the antenna head accessory 6 and the antenna body 4 are bonded with epoxy resin adhesive. Epoxy resin adhesive has high bonding strength and good corrosion resistance, which is very suitable for the application environment of this invention.

[0039] One end of the protective sleeve 42 near the feed connection is connected to the baffle 7. The baffle 7 is a circular plate that transitions into the inner wall of the antenna tube 1. The baffle 7 abuts against the end of the protective sleeve 42, and the connection between the baffle 7 and the inner wall of the antenna tube 1 is sealed with epoxy resin. Notably, a first through hole is provided at the center of the baffle 7, through which the feed connection of the antenna body 4 inside the antenna tube 1 can pass and connect to the feed device 5.

[0040] Preferably, a cavity is formed between the baffle 7 and the second end cap 3, and liquid glass glue 8 is disposed in the cavity to further improve the reliability of the connection between the second end cap 3 and the baffle 7 and the antenna tube 1.

[0041] It is worth noting that the baffle 7 is set at the rear end of the antenna tube 1 and is located in the middle between the second end cap 3 and the side wall of the underground project. An air hole is provided on the side wall of the antenna tube 1 between the baffle 7 and the side wall of the underground project. The air hole is connected to the air inlet 9. The air inlet 9 is connected to the waveguide air inflator through an air pipe. The air inlet 9 can inflate the cavity between the antenna body 4 and the antenna tube 1, keep the cavity dry, and ensure the stability of the antenna parameters.

[0042] The high-power underground antenna structure arrangement method of the present invention is as follows:

[0043] The first step is to drill a horizontal hole in the side wall of the underground project, with a length of 150m and a diameter of 110mm.

[0044] The second step is to install the antenna protection tube 1 after drilling. The antenna protection tube 1 is a φ90 PE pipe. The front end of the antenna protection tube 1 is sealed with the first end cap 2 by heat fusion. The length of the PE pipe currently available on the market is generally 6m. Adjacent PE pipes are connected by heat fusion. After the antenna protection tube 1 is connected, the antenna protection tube 1 is inserted into the horizontal hole. The rear end of the antenna protection tube 1 protrudes 10cm from the side wall of the underground project.

[0045] The third step is to install the antenna body 4 after the antenna protective tube 1 is installed. The antenna body 4 is 150m long and has a conductor cross-sectional area of ​​4mm². 2 The outer diameter is 60mm. To prevent the antenna body 4 from getting stuck when it is inserted into the antenna tube 1, an antenna head accessory 6 is installed at the front end of the antenna body 4. Then the antenna body 4 is inserted into the antenna tube 1, and the end of the antenna body 4 protrudes from the rear end of the antenna tube 1.

[0046] Fourth step: Leave 25cm at the end of the antenna body 4, peel off the outer protective sleeve 42, and pass the antenna core 41 through the baffle 7. The baffle 7 is housed inside the antenna tube 1, and the end of the baffle 7 abuts against the protective sleeve 42. Adhere the antenna tube 1 and the baffle 7 with epoxy resin. The antenna core 41 passes through the second end cap 3, and the second end cap 3 and the antenna tube 1 are sealed with heat fusion. Drill holes in the side wall of the antenna tube 1 between the second end cap 3 and the baffle 7 and inject liquid glass glue 8 to fill and seal.

[0047] Fifth step, drill a hole near the side wall of the underground project on the antenna tube 1 and install the air inlet 9. Note that the air inlet 9 is located between the baffle 7 and the side wall of the underground project.

[0048] Step 6: Connect the antenna core 41 to the core terminal of the high-voltage high-frequency coaxial RF connector socket on the feed device 5. The outer shell of the feed device 5 is grounded nearby via a wide copper strip, with a grounding resistance not exceeding 5Ω. The outer shell of the feed device 5 is used to cover the tail of the antenna 4 to prevent personnel from being electrocuted.

[0049] It should be noted that the length of an antenna is related to the wavelength of radio waves. Generally, for an antenna to effectively radiate power, its length should be greater than 1 / 8 of the wavelength, but not greater than 1 / 2 of the wavelength. This is because an antenna length greater than 1 / 2 of the wavelength will generate reverse current, affecting reception. In this embodiment, the antenna's frequency range is 200kHz to 400kHz, and its wavelength is 1500m to 750m. 1 / 8 of the wavelength is 187.5m to 93.75m, which is 125m at the center frequency of 300kHz. Considering comprehensive factors and accommodating the lower frequency range, an antenna length of 150m is optimal, balancing antenna efficiency with ease of engineering implementation.

[0050] In addition, the cross-sectional area of ​​antenna body 4 is 4 mm. 2 The ratio of the antenna's diameter to the radiating cavity, calculated based on electromagnetic field theory and verified through actual experiments, affects the antenna's radiation efficiency. A larger cavity results in higher radiation efficiency. Considering the antenna's current and voltage carrying capacity, as well as its overall weight, a cross-sectional area of ​​4mm² was chosen for the antenna. 2 That would be the best.

[0051] The high-power underground antenna of this invention has a simple structure, fast antenna connection, and high deployment efficiency. It employs a horizontal aperture arrangement, ensuring stable antenna parameters during transmission and reception, and improving the antenna's concealment and survivability. A PE pipe protects the antenna body, ensuring reliable operation. Furthermore, by filling the cavity between the antenna body and the PE pipe with air to keep the cavity dry, the stability of the antenna parameters is further guaranteed.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-power underground antenna structure, characterized in that, The system includes an antenna housing, which is installed within a horizontal borehole in the side wall of the underground structure. The antenna housing comprises a front end and a rear end. The front end is inserted into the horizontal borehole in the side wall of the underground structure, while the rear end is located outside the horizontal borehole. The front end is connected to a first end cap, and the rear end is fixedly connected to a second end cap, thereby preventing moisture from entering the antenna housing. An antenna body is inserted into the antenna housing, with one end inserted into the antenna housing and the other end connected to a feed device to power the antenna. The antenna body is connected to an antenna tuning box, which is connected to a radio station. The antenna body enables the radio station to transmit and receive information. The antenna body includes an antenna core and a protective sleeve. The antenna core includes a working part and a feed connection part. The working part of the antenna core is housed within the protective sleeve. The end of the protective sleeve furthest from the feed connection part is connected to an antenna head accessory, which enhances the strength of the antenna body's end. The antenna head accessory is designed for easy insertion into the antenna tube. One end of the antenna head accessory has an antenna body receiving cavity, allowing the antenna body to be housed within this cavity for connection. The other end of the antenna head accessory is tapered, serving as a guide to prevent jamming during insertion into the antenna tube. The end of the protective sleeve near the feed connection is connected to a baffle, which transitions into the inner wall of the antenna tube. The baffle abuts against the end of the protective sleeve, and the connection between the baffle and the inner wall of the antenna tube is sealed with epoxy resin. A first through-hole is located at the center of the baffle, through which the feed connection of the antenna body inside the antenna tube passes and connects to the feed device. A cavity is formed between the baffle and the second end cap, filled with liquid silicone sealant to further improve the reliability of the connection between the second end cap, the baffle, and the antenna tube.

2. The high-power underground antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first end cap includes a first connecting part and a first guiding part. The first connecting part is fixedly connected to the front end to close the opening at the front end of the antenna tube. The cross-section of the first guiding part is arc-shaped or conical. The first guiding part can provide a guiding function to facilitate the insertion of the antenna tube.

3. The high-power underground antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second end cap is provided with a second connecting part, which is annular. The second connecting part can be sleeved on the outer surface of the rear end to increase the contact area with the rear end, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the second end cap and the rear end. A second through hole is provided at the center of the second end cap, through which the antenna body inside the antenna tube can pass and be connected to the feeding device.

4. The high-power underground antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle is positioned in the middle between the second end cap and the side wall of the underground project. An air hole is provided on the side wall of the antenna tube between the baffle and the side wall of the underground project. The air hole is connected to the air inlet. The air inlet is connected to the waveguide air inlet through an air pipe. The air inlet can inflate the cavity between the antenna body and the antenna tube, keeping the cavity dry and ensuring the stability of the antenna parameters.

5. A method for arranging a high-power underground antenna structure, employing the high-power underground antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The first step is to drill horizontal holes in the side walls of the underground structure; The second step is to install the antenna tube. The front end of the antenna tube is fixedly connected to the first end cap and then inserted into the horizontal hole. The rear end of the antenna tube protrudes from the side wall of the underground project. The third step is to install the antenna body after the antenna tube is installed. Install the antenna head accessory at the front end of the antenna body, and then insert the antenna body into the antenna tube, with the end of the antenna body protruding from the rear end of the antenna tube. The fourth step is to remove the outer protective sleeve from the end of the antenna body, leaving only the antenna core. Then, install the second end cap at the rear end of the antenna tube, ensuring that the antenna core passes through the second end cap during installation. The second end cap is then fixedly connected to the antenna tube. Fifth, connect the antenna core to the core terminal of the high-voltage high-frequency coaxial RF connector socket on the power supply device. The outer shell of the power supply device is grounded nearby via a wide copper strip. Use the outer shell of the power supply device to cover the tail of the antenna body to prevent personnel from being electrocuted.

6. The method for arranging a high-power underground antenna structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, After the outer protective sleeve is removed from the end of the antenna body, the antenna core is first passed through the baffle, which is housed inside the antenna tube. The baffle and the end of the protective sleeve abut against each other. The connection between the baffle and the inner wall of the antenna tube is sealed with epoxy resin. Then, a second end cap is connected to the rear end of the antenna tube, so that a cavity is formed between the baffle and the second end cap. Drill holes in the side wall of the antenna tube between the second end cap and the baffle and inject liquid silicone sealant to fill and seal it. Drill a hole near the side wall of the underground project to install an air inlet. The air inlet is positioned between the baffle and the side wall of the underground project and is connected to the waveguide inflator via an air pipe.

7. The method for arranging a high-power underground antenna structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: When installing the antenna casing, the rear end of the antenna casing should protrude 10cm from the side wall of the underground project. When drilling horizontally on the side wall of an underground project, the drilling length is 150m and the diameter is 110mm. The antenna sheath is made of φ90 PE pipe. The antenna sheath is sealed with the first end cap and the second end cap by heat fusion, and adjacent PE pipes are connected by heat fusion. Antenna length 150m, conductor cross-sectional area 4mm² 2 Outer diameter 60mm; 25cm is reserved at the end of the antenna body after removing the outer protective cover; When the casing of the power supply device is grounded, the grounding resistance of the power supply device shall not exceed 5Ω.

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