Application and service context aware cell selection

Abstract

The invention is entitled "Application and Service Context Aware Cell Selection." The present disclosure relates to techniques for performing application context aware cell selection in a wireless communication system. A wireless device can determine a current location of the wireless device. The wireless device can determine a cell associated with the current location of the wireless device. Application context based metric information can be determined for the cell associated with the current location of the wireless device. The wireless device can determine, based at least in part on the application context based metric information, a cell to be associated with from the cell associated with the current location of the wireless device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to wireless communication, and more particularly to systems, apparatus and methods for performing application and service context aware cell selection in a wireless communication system.

[0002] DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART

[0003] The use of wireless communication systems is increasing rapidly. In recent years, wireless devices such as smart phones and tablet computers have become increasingly sophisticated. In addition to supporting telephone calls, many mobile devices (i.e., user equipment devices or UEs) now provide access to the Internet, email, text messaging, and navigation using the global positioning system (GPS), and are capable of operating sophisticated, complex applications that utilize these functions. In addition, there are numerous different wireless communication technologies and wireless communication standards. Some examples of wireless communication standards include GSM, UMTS (e.g., associated with the WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), NR, HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., lxRTT, lxEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), IEEE 802.11 (WLAN or Wi-Fi), BLUETOOTH TM , etc.

[0004] The introduction of an ever-increasing number of features and functions in wireless communication devices also creates an ongoing need for improvements in wireless communication, as well as improvements in wireless communication devices. It is particularly important to ensure the accuracy of signals transmitted and received by user equipment (UE) devices (e.g., by wireless devices such as cellular telephones, base stations, and relay stations used in wireless cellular communications). Moreover, adding functionality to UE devices can place significant stress on the battery life of the UE devices. Thus, it is also very important to reduce the power requirements in the design of UE devices, while allowing the UE devices to maintain good transmission and reception capabilities to improve communications. Accordingly, improvements in this area are highly desirable. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of apparatuses, systems, and methods for performing application and service context aware cell selection in a wireless communication system are presented herein.

[0006] According to the techniques described herein, a wireless device can obtain cell performance information for nearby cells based on various application context-based metrics and / or various other possible metrics. The cell performance information may be based on historical performance information between the wireless device and these cells, and / or may be based on crowdsourced aggregated data, etc. In some cases, the cell performance information may depend on the cell signal strength and / or quality measured by the wireless device. The wireless device can also obtain information about other cell characteristics, possibly including information about certain cell configuration settings, which may also be based at least in part on historical performance information (e.g., direct experience from the wireless device and / or based on crowdsourced aggregated data).

[0007] Based on cell information of nearby cells and the wireless device's current application, service, and / or device context characteristics, the wireless device can select which cells to associate with. This can include selecting cells that meet any configured device context-based criteria, where the priority and / or bias of cell selection is for cells that have a better score, ratio, or other indicator in terms of application context-based metrics that rank according to the wireless device's current application and / or service context.

[0008] According to at least some implementations, performing cell selection in this manner can increase the likelihood that the selected cell will provide suitable and possibly optimal available services for the specific application and device context of the wireless device at any given time.

[0009] It should be noted that the technologies described herein can be implemented in and / or used in several different types of devices, including but not limited to base stations, access points, mobile phones, portable media players, tablets, wearable devices, unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned flight controllers, automobiles and / or motor vehicles, and various other computing devices.

[0010] The present invention is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the subjects described in this document. Therefore, it should be understood that the above features are merely illustrative and should not be construed as narrowing the scope or substance of the subjects described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subjects described herein will become apparent from the following detailed description, drawings, and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0011] A better understanding of the subject matter can be obtained by considering the following detailed description of the various embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0012] Figure 1 Exemplary (and simplified) wireless communication systems according to some implementation schemes are shown;

[0013] Figure 2 An exemplary base station communicating with an exemplary wireless user equipment (UE) device according to some embodiments is shown;

[0014] Figure 3 This is an exemplary block diagram of a UE according to some implementation schemes;

[0015] Figure 4 This is an exemplary block diagram of a base station according to some implementation schemes;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating various aspects of exemplary possible methods for performing application and service context-aware cell selection in a wireless communication system, according to some implementation schemes;

[0017] Figure 6 Various aspects of exemplary possible frameworks for performing application and service context-aware cell selection in a wireless communication system are illustrated according to some implementation schemes;

[0018] Figure 7 Exemplary possible cell information for cell selection is shown in the application and service context-aware cell selection process according to some implementation schemes;

[0019] Figures 8A-8B Exemplary aspects of possible cell filtering techniques that may be used in the application and service context-aware cell selection process according to some implementations are shown;

[0020] Figures 9-11 Exemplary aspects of the cell selection process that may influence cell selection based on the application and service context of some implementation schemes are illustrated;

[0021] Figure 12 This is a table showing the various possible cell characteristics that can be used in the application and service context-aware cell selection process according to some implementation schemes;

[0022] Figure 13 The following are examples of implementation schemes. Figure 12 The example shown is an exemplary aspect of a possible set of cell information that can be used in the application and service context-aware cell selection process, the set of cell information including at least some different values ​​for different RSRP / SINR regions; and

[0023] Figure 14 This is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary aspect of a possible cell selection process considering application and service contexts according to some implementation schemes.

[0024] While the features described herein are susceptible to various modifications and alternatives, specific embodiments thereof are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings and described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the drawings and their detailed description are not intended to limit this document to the specific forms disclosed, but rather are intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the substance and scope of the subject matter as defined by the appended claims. Detailed Implementation

[0025] acronym

[0026] Various acronyms are used throughout this disclosure. The definitions of the most prominent acronyms that may appear throughout this disclosure are as follows:

[0027] UE: User Equipment

[0028] RF: Radio Frequency

[0029] ·BS: Base Station

[0030] GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications

[0031] UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

[0032] LTE: Long Term Evolution

[0033] NR: New Radio

[0034] TX: Transmission

[0035] ·RX: Receive

[0036] • RAT: Radio Access Technology

[0037] • RSRP: Reference Signal Received Power

[0038] • RSRQ: Reference Signal Received Quality

[0039] • SINR: Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio

[0040] •RRC: Radio Resource Control

[0041] QoS: Quality of Service

[0042] the term

[0043] The following is a glossary of terms that will appear in this disclosure:

[0044] Memory media—any device of any type of nontransitory memory device or storage device. The term "memory media" is intended to include mounting media such as CD-ROMs, floppy disks, or magnetic tape devices; computer system memory or random access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; non-volatile memory such as flash memory, magnetic media, e.g., hard disk drives or optical storage devices; registers or other similar types of memory elements, etc. Memory media may also include other types of nontransitory memory or combinations thereof. Furthermore, memory media may reside in a first computer system executing a program, or may reside in a different second computer system connected to the first computer system via a network such as the Internet. In a later example, the second computer system may provide program instructions to the first computer system for execution. The term "memory media" may include two or more memory media that may reside in different locations on different computer systems connected via a network, for example. Memory media may store program instructions (e.g., representing a computer program) that can be executed by one or more processors.

[0045] Carrier medium—the memory medium as described above, and physical transmission medium, such as buses, networks and / or other physical transmission media for transmitting signals (such as electrical signals, electromagnetic signals or digital signals).

[0046] Computer system (or computer) — any of the various types of computing or processing systems, including personal computer systems (PCs), mainframe computer systems, workstations, network appliances, internet-connected appliances, personal digital assistants (PDAs), television systems, grid computing systems, or other devices or combinations thereof. Generally, the term "computer system" can be broadly defined as any device (or combination of devices) that includes at least one processor that executes instructions from a memory medium.

[0047] User equipment (UE) (or “UE device”) — any of various types of computer systems or devices that are mobile or portable and perform wireless communication. Examples of UE devices include mobile phones or smartphones (e.g., iPhone). TM Based on Android TM Phones), tablets (e.g., iPads) TM Samsung Galaxy TM ), portable gaming devices (e.g., Nintendo DS) TM PlayStation Portable TM Gameboy Advance TM iPhone TMThis includes wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart glasses), laptops, PDAs, portable internet devices, music players, data storage devices, other handheld devices, automobiles and / or motor vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones), UAV controllers (UACs), etc. Generally speaking, the term "UE" or "UE device" can be broadly defined to encompass any electronic device, computing device, and / or telecommunications device (or a combination of these devices) that is easily transportable by the user and capable of wireless communication.

[0048] A wireless device is any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform wireless communication. A wireless device can be portable (or mobile), or it can be stationary or fixed in a location. A UE is an example of a wireless device.

[0049] A communication device is any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform communication, which may be wired or wireless. A communication device may be portable (or mobile), or it may be stationary or fixed in a location. A wireless device is one example of a communication device. A UE is another example of a communication device.

[0050] Base station (BS) – The term “base station” has the full range of its usual meaning and includes at least a wireless communication station that is installed in a fixed location and used for communication as part of a wireless telephone system or radio system.

[0051] A processing element (or processor) refers to any element or combination of elements capable of performing the functions of a device (such as a user equipment device or a cellular network device). A processing element may include, for example: a processor and associated memory, portions or circuitry of individual processor cores, an entire processor core, a processor array, circuitry such as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), programmable hardware elements such as a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and any combination thereof.

[0052] Wi-Fi—The term “Wi-Fi” encompasses the full range of its common meaning and includes at least wireless communication networks, or RATs, which are provided by and through wireless LAN (WLAN) access points to provide connectivity to the Internet. Most modern Wi-Fi networks (or WLAN networks) are based on the IEEE 802.11 standard and are marketed under the name “Wi-Fi.” Wi-Fi (WLAN) networks are distinct from cellular networks.

[0053] Automatic—means an action or operation performed by a computer system (e.g., software executed by the computer system) or device (e.g., circuits, programmable hardware elements, ASICs, etc.) without requiring direct user input to specify or perform that action or operation. Therefore, the term "automatic" contrasts with an action performed or specified manually by a user, where the user provides input to directly perform that action. An automatic process can be initiated by user-provided input, but the subsequent actions performed "automatically" are not specified by the user; that is, they are not performed "manually," where the user specifies each action to be performed. For example, a user filling out a form by selecting each field and providing input to specify information (e.g., by typing information, selecting a checkbox, radio selection, etc.) is considered manually filling out the form, even though the computer system must update the form in response to the user's actions. The form can be automatically filled out by a computer system (e.g., software executed on the computer system) which analyzes the fields of the form and fills it out without any user input specifying answers for the fields. As indicated above, the user can invoke the automatic filling of the form but does not participate in the actual filling of the form (e.g., the user does not manually specify answers for the fields, but they are completed automatically). This manual provides various examples of operations that are automatically performed in response to actions taken by the user.

[0054] "Configured as"—Various components can be described as being "configured as" to perform one or more tasks. In this context, "configured as" is a broad expression generally meaning "having" a "structure" that performs one or more tasks during operation. Thus, a component can be configured to perform a task even when it is not currently performing one (e.g., a set of electrical conductors can be configured to electrically connect one module to another, even when the two modules are not connected). In some contexts, "configured as" can be a broad expression generally meaning a structure that "has" a "circuit" that performs one or more tasks during operation. Thus, a component can be configured to perform a task even when it is not currently switched on. Typically, the circuit forming the structure corresponding to "configured as" can include hardware circuitry.

[0055] For ease of description, various components may be described as performing one or more tasks. Such descriptions shall be interpreted as including the phrase “configured to”. The statement that a component is configured to perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke the interpretation of paragraph 6 of section 112 of title 35 of the United States Code.

[0056] Figure 1 and Figure 2 -Exemplary communication system

[0057] Figure 1 Exemplary (and simplified) wireless communication systems that can implement various aspects of this disclosure according to some embodiments are shown. It should be noted that...Figure 1 The system described is merely one example of a possible system, and this implementation can be carried out in any of a variety of systems as needed.

[0058] As shown in the figure, this exemplary wireless communication system includes a base station 102 that communicates with one or more (e.g., any number) user equipments 106A, 106B, etc., up to 106N, via a transmission medium. Each user equipment may be referred to herein as a "user equipment" (UE) or UE device. Therefore, user equipment 106 is referred to as a UE or UE device.

[0059] Base station 102 may be a transceiver base station (BTS) or a cell site, and may include hardware and / or software for implementing wireless communication with UEs 106A to 106N. If base station 102 is implemented in the context of LTE, it may be referred to as an "eNodeB" or "eNB". If base station 102 is implemented in the context of 5G NR, it may alternatively be referred to as a "gNodeB" or "gNB". Base station 102 may also be equipped to communicate with network 100 (e.g., the core network of a cellular service provider, telecommunications networks such as the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), and / or the Internet, and various other possible networks). Therefore, base station 102 facilitates communication between user equipments and / or between user equipments and network 100. The communication area (or coverage area) of a base station may be referred to as a "cell". Also as used herein, in relation to a UE, a base station may sometimes be considered to represent the network, taking into account both uplink and downlink communication of the UE. Therefore, a UE communicating with one or more base stations in the network may also be understood as a UE communicating with the network.

[0060] Base station 102 and user equipment can be configured to communicate via a transmission medium using any of a variety of radio access technologies (RATs), also known as wireless communication technologies or telecommunications standards, such as GSM, UMTS (WCDMA), LTE, LTE-A Advanced, LAA / LTE-U, 5G NR, 3GPP2, CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), Wi-Fi, etc.

[0061] Base station 102 and other similar base stations operating according to the same or different cellular communication standards may thus provide, as one or more cell networks, continuous or near-continuous overlapping services to UE 106 and similar devices over a geographic area via one or more cellular communication standards.

[0062] It should be noted that UE 106 can communicate using multiple wireless communication standards. For example, UE 106 can be configured to communicate using either or both of the 3GPP cellular communication standards or the 3GPP2 cellular communication standards. In some implementations, UE 106 can be configured to perform techniques for performing application and service context-aware cell selection in a wireless communication system, such as the various methods described herein. UE 106 can also be configured, or alternatively configured, to use WLAN, BLUETOOTH, etc. TM It can communicate with one or more Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS, such as GPS or GLONASS), one and / or more mobile television broadcasting standards (e.g., ATSC-M / H), etc. Other combinations of wireless communication standards (including more than two wireless communication standards) are also possible.

[0063] Figure 2 An exemplary user equipment 106 (e.g., one of devices 106A to 106N) communicating with base station 102 according to some embodiments is illustrated. UE 106 can be a device with wireless network connectivity, such as a mobile phone, handheld device, wearable device, computer or tablet, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), unmanned flight controller (UAC), automobile, or virtually any type of wireless device. UE 106 may include a processor (processing element) configured to execute program instructions stored in memory. UE 106 can perform any of the method embodiments of the present invention by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively or additionally, UE 106 may include programmable hardware elements, such as any of an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), integrated circuit, and / or various other possible hardware components configured to perform (e.g., individually or in combination) any of or any portion of any of the method embodiments described herein. UE 106 may be configured to communicate using any of a plurality of wireless communication protocols. For example, UE 106 can be configured to communicate using two or more of CDMA2000, LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, WLAN, or GNSS. Other combinations of wireless communication standards are also possible.

[0064] UE 106 may include one or more antennas communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols according to one or more RAT standards. In some embodiments, UE 106 may share one or more portions of the receive chain and / or transmit chain among multiple wireless communication standards. The shared radio components may include a single antenna, or may include multiple antennas for performing wireless communication (e.g., for MIMO). Typically, the radio components may include any combination of baseband processors, analog radio frequency (RF) signal processing circuitry (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, etc.), or digital processing circuitry (e.g., for digital modulation and other digital processing). Similarly, the radio components may use the aforementioned hardware to implement one or more receive chains and transmit chains.

[0065] In some implementations, UE 106 may include separate transmit and / or receive chains (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol configured to communicate therewith. As another possibility, UE 106 may include one or more radio components shared among multiple wireless communication protocols, as well as one or more radio components uniquely used by a single wireless communication protocol. For example, UE 106 may include shared radio components for communication using either LTE or CDMA2000 1xRTT (or LTE or NR, or LTE or GSM), and shared radio components for communication using Wi-Fi and BLUETOOTH. TM Each component communicates via a separate radio unit. Other configurations are also possible.

[0066] Figure 3 - Block diagram of an exemplary UE device

[0067] Figure 3A block diagram of an exemplary UE 106 according to some embodiments is shown. As shown, UE 106 may include a System-on-Chip (SOC) 300, which may include parts for various purposes. For example, as shown, SOC 300 may include a processor 302 capable of executing program instructions for UE 106, and display circuitry 304 capable of performing graphics processing and providing display signals to a display 360. SOC 300 may also include sensor circuitry 370, which may include components for sensing or measuring any of a variety of possible characteristics or parameters of UE 106. For example, sensor circuitry 370 may include motion sensing circuitry configured to detect motion of UE 106, for example, using a gyroscope, accelerometer, and / or any of a variety of other motion sensing components. As another possibility, sensor circuitry 370 may include one or more temperature sensing components, for example, for measuring the temperature of each of one or more antenna panels and / or other components of UE 106. Any of a variety of other possible types of sensor circuitry may also or alternatively be included in UE 106 as needed. Processor 302 may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU) 340, which may be configured to receive addresses from processor 302 and translate those addresses into locations in memory (e.g., memory 306, read-only memory (ROM) 350, NAND flash memory 310) and / or other circuitry or devices, such as display circuitry 304, radio components 330, connector I / F 320, and / or display 360. MMU 340 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or setup. In some embodiments, MMU 340 may be included as part of processor 302.

[0068] As shown in the figure, the SOC 300 can be coupled to various other circuits of the UE 106. For example, the UE 106 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash memory 310), connector interface 320 (e.g., for coupling to computer systems, docking stations, charging stations, etc.), display 360, and wireless communication circuitry 330 (e.g., for LTE, LTE-A, NR, CDMA2000, BLUETOOTH). TM(e.g., Wi-Fi, GPS, etc.). UE device 106 may include at least one antenna (e.g., 335a) and may include multiple antennas (e.g., shown by antennas 335a and 335b) for performing wireless communication with base stations and / or other devices. Antennas 335a and 335b are shown by way of example, and UE device 106 may include fewer or more antennas. In general, one or more antennas are collectively referred to as antenna 335. For example, UE device 106 may use antenna 335 to perform wireless communication via radio circuitry 330. As described above, in some embodiments, the UE may be configured to use multiple wireless communication standards for wireless communication.

[0069] UE 106 may include hardware and software components for implementing methods such as those described further herein for application and service context-aware cell selection in wireless communication systems. The processor 302 of UE device 106 may be configured to implement some or all of the methods described herein, for example, by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). In other embodiments, processor 302 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as a FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) or as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit). Furthermore, as... Figure 3 As shown, processor 302 may be coupled to and / or interoperable with other components to perform application and service context-aware cell selection techniques for wireless communication systems, according to various embodiments disclosed herein. Processor 302 may also implement various other applications and / or end-user applications running on UE 106.

[0070] In some implementations, radio component 330 may include a separate controller dedicated to controlling communications for various corresponding RAT standards. For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the radio component 330 may include a Wi-Fi controller 352, a cellular controller (e.g., an LTE and / or LTE-A controller) 354, and a BLUETOOTH controller. TM Controller 356, and in at least some embodiments, one or more of these controllers may be implemented as corresponding integrated circuits (referred to as ICs or chips), which communicate with each other and with the SOC 300 (more specifically with the processor 302). For example, Wi-Fi controller 352 may communicate with cellular controller 354 via a cell-ISM link or WCI interface, and / or BLUETOOTH TMController 356 can communicate with cellular controller 354 via a cell-ISM link or the like. Although three separate controllers are shown within radio component 330, other implementations with fewer or more similar controllers for various different RATs can be implemented in UE device 106.

[0071] Furthermore, implementation schemes in which the controller can perform functions associated with various radio access technologies are envisioned. For example, according to some implementation schemes, in addition to hardware and / or software components for performing cellular communications, the cellular controller 354 may also include hardware and / or software components for performing one or more activities associated with Wi-Fi, such as Wi-Fi preamble detection, and / or the generation and transmission of Wi-Fi physical layer preamble signals.

[0072] Figure 4 - Block diagram of an exemplary base station

[0073] Figure 4 A block diagram of an exemplary base station 102 according to some implementation schemes is shown. It should be noted that... Figure 4 The base station shown is merely one example of a possible base station. As illustrated, base station 102 may include a processor 404 capable of executing program instructions specific to base station 102. Processor 404 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 440 or other circuitry or device, which may be configured to receive addresses from processor 404 and translate those addresses into locations in memory (e.g., memory 460 and read-only memory (ROM) 450).

[0074] Base station 102 may include at least one network port 470. Network port 470 may be configured to be coupled to a telephone network and provide access rights as described above. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The telephone network described herein includes multiple devices such as UE device 106. Network port 470 (or an additional network port) may also be configured, or alternatively configured, to be coupled to a cellular network, such as the core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility-related services and / or other services to multiple devices such as UE device 106. In some cases, network port 470 may be coupled to the telephone network via the core network, and / or the core network may provide the telephone network (e.g., in other UE devices served by the cellular service provider).

[0075] Base station 102 may include at least one antenna 434 and possibly multiple antennas. One or more antennas 434 may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE device 106 via radio component 430. Antenna 434 communicates with radio component 430 via communication link 432. Communication link 432 may be a receive link, a transmit link, or both. Radio component 430 may be designed to communicate via various wireless telecommunication standards, including but not limited to NR, LTE, LTE-A WCDMA, CDMA2000, etc. Processor 404 of base station 102 may be configured to implement and / or support implementation of some or all of the methods described herein, for example by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively, processor 404 may be configured as a programmable hardware element such as a FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), or a combination thereof. In the case of certain RATs (e.g., Wi-Fi), base station 102 can be designed as an access point (AP), in which case network port 470 can be implemented to provide access to a wide area network and / or one or more local area networks, for example it may include at least one Ethernet port, and radio component 430 can be designed to communicate according to the Wi-Fi standard.

[0076] Figure 5 Application and service context-aware cell selection

[0077] Cell selection and reselection are often performed in a user context-agnostic manner. For example, in at least some cellular communication systems, network configuration thresholds can be combined with various cell measurements to control how and when cell selection and reselection are performed. However, as network deployments become denser and more diverse (e.g., including cells of different sizes and / or designed to meet different types of service preferences), there may be increasing opportunities to improve the user experience by introducing application, service, and / or radio device context awareness when performing cell selection and reselection. For example, such techniques could have the potential to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) experienced by a particular application or service active at a radio device by increasing the likelihood that the radio device and its associated cell can provide optimal performance for the specific needs or preferences of a particular application or service that is active at the radio device at a particular time.

[0078] Therefore, specifying technologies for supporting application and service context-aware cell selection may be beneficial. To illustrate a set of such possible technologies, Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating, according to at least some implementation schemes, a method for performing application and service context-aware cell selection in a wireless communication system.

[0079] Figure 5 The aspects of the method can be implemented by a wireless device, for example, in conjunction with one or more cellular base stations (such as UE 106 and BS 102 shown and described with respect to the various figures herein), or more generally, in conjunction as needed with any of the computer circuits, systems, devices, elements, or components shown in the aforementioned figures. For example, the processor (and / or other hardware) of such a device can be configured to cause the device to perform any combination of the illustrated method elements and / or other method elements.

[0080] It should be noted that, although the description uses methods involving the use of communication technologies and / or features associated with 3GPP and / or NR specification documents, Figure 5 This method describes at least some elements, but this description is not intended to limit this disclosure and can be used in any suitable wireless communication system as needed. Figure 5 The method encompasses various aspects. In various implementation schemes, some elements of the method shown may be performed simultaneously in a different order than those shown, may be replaced by other method elements, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as needed. As shown in the figure, Figure 5 The method can be operated as follows.

[0081] In section 502, the wireless device can determine its current location. Any of a variety of technologies can be used to determine the current location, including using one or more global navigation satellite systems (e.g., GPS, GLONASS, etc.) to determine the wireless device's set of latitude and longitude coordinates. Additionally or alternatively, location determination can be based at least in part on communication between the wireless device and one or more cellular base stations, for example, using cell identification information for the cellular base stations and stored information indicating coordinates associated with the cell identification information. Other technologies are also possible.

[0082] In 504, the wireless device can determine one or more cells associated with its current location. At least according to some embodiments, the wireless device can store information identifying cells associated with each location. For example, cell location information may include cell centroid coordinates and cell radius information, which can allow the wireless device to determine whether a given set of coordinates is within the typical or likely communication range of the cell. Other formats for associating cells with locations are also possible. Using such information, the wireless device can determine a set of cells near its current location, for example, making these cells possible cells that the wireless device would associate with.

[0083] In 506, a wireless device can determine the cell characteristics of a cell associated with its current location. Cell characteristics can include any of a variety of cell characteristics. Some of these cell characteristics may relate to cell configuration parameters. For example, cell characteristics may include indications of whether cell encryption is enabled, whether connected discontinuous reception (CDRX) is enabled at the cell (and / or the status of one or more other power consumption-related configuration parameters), or whether the cell supports Voice over Packet Switched (VoPS) communication. Cell characteristics may additionally or alternatively include any of a variety of fundamental cell characteristics, such as the frequency on which the cell is deployed, the cell's RAT, the network associated with the cell (e.g., a PLMN), etc.

[0084] In at least some implementations, cell characteristics may include one or more performance-related cell characteristics that can be determined based on measured historical performance. For example, cell characteristics may include cell accessibility metrics (e.g., as a possibility, which may be based on the frequency of failed attempts to access the cell according to historical performance information), cell sustainability metrics (e.g., as a possibility, which may be based on the frequency of failures of radio links established with the cell and / or the frequency of failures of additional cell additions (e.g., via carrier aggregation (CA) or dual connectivity (DC)) according to historical performance information), and / or cell stability metrics (e.g., as a possibility, which may be based on the frequency of data link outages and / or equipment resets for the cell according to historical performance information), and so on.

[0085] According to at least some implementations, cell characteristics may include one or more application context-based metrics for the cell. For example, cell characteristics may include a cell throughput score metric (e.g., which may be particularly relevant to application contexts where high throughput is particularly important), a cell latency score metric (e.g., which may be particularly relevant to application contexts where low latency is particularly important), and / or a cell voice call quality score metric (e.g., which may be particularly relevant to application contexts where voice call quality is particularly important). The cell's score for such metrics may be based on historical performance information of the cell. For example, the cell throughput score metric may be based on some or all of the following: average downlink throughput, average uplink throughput, high percentile uplink and / or downlink throughput values ​​(e.g., 90%), or low percentile uplink and / or downlink throughput values ​​(e.g., 10%). Similarly, the cell latency score metric may be based on some or all of the following: average latency, high percentile latency value (e.g., 90%), or low percentile latency value (e.g., 10%). Voice call quality scores may be based on voice call setup success rate and / or voice call drop rate. It should be noted that, depending on the various implementation schemes, other application context-based scores / metrics are also possible, and / or the application context-based scores / metrics described herein can be determined in other ways.

[0086] Some or all of these cell characteristics of the cell associated with the current location of a wireless device can be determined, at least in part, based on aggregated crowdsourced data. For example, multiple wireless devices can measure and store and / or report historical performance information that can be used to calculate some or all of these cell characteristics. Such information can be reported to an aggregation entity (e.g., as a possibility, a server or a group of servers), which determines the cell characteristics based on the aggregated crowdsourced historical performance information reported to the aggregation entity. The determined cell characteristics can be provided to the wireless device from the aggregation entity (e.g., possibly through one or more intermediate steps) and can then be determined by the wireless device according to… Figure 5 The method of use and / or use by wireless devices for any of the various other possible purposes.

[0087] Additionally or alternatively, some or all of these cell characteristics of the cells associated with the wireless device's current location can be determined, at least in part, based on historical cell performance between the wireless device and these cells. For example, the wireless device can measure and store historical performance information that can be used (e.g., leveraging on-device learning) to compute some or all of these cell characteristics and / or to modify cell characteristic information determined based on crowdsourced aggregated data to more closely match the performance of the cells specifically experienced by the wireless device.

[0088] In at least some implementations, some or all of the cell characteristics of the cell associated with the current location of the wireless device can be determined, at least in part, based on signal strength and / or quality measurements of a cell associated with the current location of the wireless device. For example, in some cases, multiple cell signal strength / quality regions (e.g., having different signal strength thresholds to distinguish these regions) can be defined for at least some cells, and these multiple cell signal strength / quality regions can have different association values ​​for some or all of the cell characteristics of these cells. Therefore, for each cell near the wireless device, the signal strength / quality of that cell can inform the cell which signal strength / quality region the wireless device is in, and accordingly, the cell characteristics of the cells associated with that signal strength / quality region can be determined as the applicable cell characteristics for that cell.

[0089] In 508, the wireless device may determine the cell to be associated with, at least in part, based on determined cell characteristics of the cell associated with the wireless device's current location. At least in some embodiments, the determination of the cell to be associated with may be performed in response to receiving a service request from an application running on the wireless device. For example, according to at least some embodiments, the wireless device may determine to establish a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection with a cellular base station to support a data link with the cellular network to deliver data on behalf of the application that triggered the service request, and may select the cell to be associated with to establish an RRC connection on the selected cell. Alternatively, the determination of the cell to be associated with may also be an initial cell selection in idle mode, or a cell reselection (e.g., due to wireless device mobility, or for any of a variety of other possible reasons).

[0090] In scenarios where cell association is triggered by an application service request, the wireless device may determine the application type or service type, or otherwise determine application context information for the service request. Application context information can be used to determine which cell(s) should be prioritized when selecting a cell(s) to associate with. For example, the wireless device may determine whether throughput, latency, or voice call quality and / or another characteristic should be prioritized for the cellular link serving the application service request. Alternatively, the wireless device may determine priority weights for each application context-based metric and / or one or more other cell characteristics based on the nature of the application service request (e.g., as in...). Figure 14(In the case of soft allocation). When selecting a cell to associate with, the determined application context information can be used. For example, if a neighboring cell has a higher score (possibly at least higher than the configured threshold) on an application context-based metric that the radio device has already determined to be preferred over the current serving cell (and otherwise meets one or more of the possible association criteria), the radio device can determine to reselect that neighboring cell (note that, at least according to some implementations, for example, the UE's cell neighbor list may be determined solely by the UE itself relative to step 504), for example, to establish an RRC connection on a cell that is expected to provide better performance for the cell characteristics considered most relevant to the radio device's current application / service context. This, in turn, can achieve better practical performance for the application that triggered the application service request compared to establishing an RRC connection on the serving cell without performing cell reselection.

[0091] In some cases, cell selection can be performed additionally or alternatively based at least in part on wireless device context information. For example, certain cells can be filtered out from those that might be selected for association based on not meeting certain wireless device context-specific criteria. As one such possibility, some cells may (or may not) be filtered based on one or more power consumption-related cell characteristics (e.g., whether they are enabled for CDRX) depending on the device's battery / power context (e.g., whether the wireless device is currently charging, the wireless device's current battery reserve level, the wireless device's current power consumption mode, etc.). As another such possibility, some cells may (or may not) be filtered based on one or more privacy-related cell characteristics (e.g., whether encryption is enabled) depending on the wireless device's privacy context (e.g., based on user-configured privacy preferences or any of various other considerations). Other aspects of wireless device context and corresponding filtering mechanisms are also possible.

[0092] Associating a wireless device with a selected cell may include establishing a radio link with a cellular base station. According to some implementations, the radio link may include a 5G NR-based cellular link. For example, the wireless device may establish a session with an AMF entity of the cellular network via one or more gNBs that provide radio access to the cellular network. Alternatively, the radio link may include an LTE-based cellular link. For example, the wireless device may establish a session with a mobility management entity of the cellular network via an eNB that provides radio access to the cellular network. Other types of cellular links are also possible according to various implementations, and the cellular network may also, or alternatively, operate according to another cellular communication technology (e.g., UMTS, CDMA2000, GSM, etc.).

[0093] Establishing a radio link may include, at least according to some implementations, establishing an RRC connection with the serving cellular base station. For example, when performing cell association based on an application service request, a radio device may establish an RRC connection to support the application service request. Establishing an RRC connection may include configuring various parameters for communication between the radio device and the cellular base station, establishing environmental information for the radio device, and / or any of various other possible characteristics, such as establishing an air interface for the radio device to communicate with a cellular network associated with the cellular base station. After establishing an RRC connection, the radio device may operate in an RRC connected state. In some instances, the RRC connection may also be released (e.g., after a period of inactivity relative to data communication), in which case the radio device may operate in an RRC idle state or an RRC inactive state. In some cases, such as due to radio device mobility, changes in radio medium conditions, changes in applications, services, or radio device context, and / or any other various possible reasons, the radio device may perform a handover (e.g., when in RRC connected mode) or cell reselection (e.g., when in RRC idle mode or RRC inactive mode) to a new serving cell.

[0094] Therefore, at least according to some implementation schemes, Figure 5 Such methods can be used to perform application and service context-aware cell selection. As described herein, in at least some cases, such techniques can enable the selection of cells that better meet the QoS preferences or requirements of any active application or service compared to application and service context-agnostic cell selection techniques.

[0095] Figures 6-14 and additional information

[0096] Figures 6-14 It shows that it can be combined if needed. Figure 5 Other aspects of the method used. However, it should be noted that in Figures 6-14 The exemplary details shown and described with respect to these figures are not intended to limit this disclosure as a whole: many variations and alternative forms of the details provided below are possible and should be considered within the scope of this disclosure.

[0097] Cell selection and cell reselection can be performed primarily based on radio frequency (RF) measurements combined with thresholds set by certain network configurations in at least some cellular communication systems. For example, RF signal strength and / or signal quality thresholds and / or any other possible parameters or thresholds can be indicated by network configurations: the frequency at which wireless devices attached to the network are expected to perform neighbor cell measurements, when wireless devices perform cell reselection and / or to which cell to reselect, and / or any other possible cell reselection-related decisions.

[0098] With the increasing prevalence of mobile devices and interactive applications (including indoor and hotspot-type areas such as offices, stadiums, shopping malls, subways, etc.), cellular communication services are becoming increasingly widespread. To accommodate this increase in communication services, one approach used by cellular network operators (carriers) can include network densification (e.g., in 5G and outside of cellular network deployments) to improve network capacity. This densification can be achieved using a hybrid combination of various cell types (e.g., microcells, picocells, femtocells, relay nodes, remote radio heads (RRHs), etc.), which can have lower power and cost and a smaller coverage area than macrocells. In some cases, such cells may typically include millimeter-wave (mmWave) cells. Another possible aspect of this network densification approach to accommodate increasing cellular communication services can include providing cells that offer different quality of service guarantees. For example, depending on various implementations, some such cells may be configured to serve users running applications with low throughput (e.g., beamforming-enabled mmWave or Wi-Fi hotspots), other such cells may be configured to serve users running applications requiring low latency, while still others may be designed to meet other use cases.

[0099] In such high-density and dynamic environments, designing a lightweight device-to-cell association process that maintains the required end-user quality of service (QoS) while considering user privacy and mobility needs and has low control overhead can be particularly challenging. For example, in terms of base stations and active users, dense networks can mean that UEs (based on their geographic location and cellular neighbor topology and type (e.g., pico, micro, etc.)) can be aware of highly dynamic cellular links (e.g., due to interference and / or reduced cell size) and fluctuating QoS (e.g., due to cell load, cell configuration, cell capabilities, etc.). This can mean that the cell selection process can have a significant impact on achievable QoS.

[0100] Therefore, existing 3GPP-defined device-to-cell association mechanisms can be improved, such as the method described earlier in this paper that uses RF measurements combined with network configuration thresholds. Since such techniques can be network-control and user-QoS-blind, they may be common to any user needing to connect to the network (e.g., because they may depend primarily or solely on the cell power and interference conditions (e.g., RSRP and SINR) received by the UE, regardless of UE location, application-level QoS, and privacy requirements). Given privacy constraints (e.g., mobile devices may choose not to or be permitted to share such privacy-sensitive information with the network), network-side UE context-aware (e.g., based on application requirements and / or user geographic location, etc.) cell association and scheduling may not be possible and / or preferred in at least some cases. Therefore, as a possible alternative, a UE-based cell selection / reselection method that considers both device and application context information is used.

[0101] According to at least some implementations, such methods can utilize historical cell performance measurements (e.g., which may include historical results of operation from the wireless device itself and / or aggregated crowdsourced data from multiple (e.g., other) wireless devices). Such cell and / or location performance information can be used to identify which available cells at the UE's location are expected to provide optimal performance for the UE given its current application and device context. In at least some cases, certain cell characteristics (which may vary based on the cell's transient load, the type of users and communication services the cell is intended to serve, and / or other considerations) may also be considered during the cell selection / reselection process, such as whether the cell has cellular encryption enabled (e.g., which may influence cell selection depending on the UE's privacy context), the power friendliness of the cell configuration (e.g., which may influence cell selection depending on the UE's battery / power context), whether the cell operates in a portion of the spectrum that may experience coexistence considerations with other wireless communication technologies (e.g., which may influence cell selection depending on the UE's coexistence context), and / or any other various possible cell characteristics.

[0102] In some implementations, as part of such methods for performing cell selection or reselection, one or more scores, ratios, and / or tags may be assigned to a cell, possibly per RSRP / SINR area (e.g., a configured set of RSRP / SINR areas). These scores / ratios / tags can be designed to reflect the device's contextual awareness of cells near its location. Per-cell plus per RSRP / SINR area information can be designed to reflect cellular link quality and performance in multiple ways.

[0103] According to some implementation schemes, application / service awareness scores may include cell uplink (UL) / downlink (DL) throughput scores, cell latency scores, and / or cell voice call quality scores. Cell UL / DL throughput scores can reflect the cell's performance in providing UL, DL, or concurrent UL / DL to applications and services with low throughput. Cell latency scores can reflect the cell's performance in providing low latency to applications or services with low latency limitations. Cell voice call quality scores can reflect the cell's performance in supporting high-fidelity voice calls.

[0104] According to some implementations, cellular link quality rates may include cell accessibility rate, cell maintainability rate, and / or cell stability rate. Cell accessibility rate reflects whether cell access can be made easily and reliably. Cell maintainability rate reflects whether the cellular link can be reliably maintained for the required connection duration once a UE is associated with a cell. Cell stability rate reflects the stability of the cellular link (e.g., the likelihood of a UE connected to the cell resetting or becoming stuck).

[0105] According to some implementation schemes, cellular link feature markers may include cell power-saving configuration markers, cell encryption configuration markers, cell packet-switched voice (VoPS) markers, and / or cell coexistence markers. Cell power-saving configuration markers may reflect whether the cell configuration is power-friendly (e.g., as a possible aspect, whether Connected Mode Discontinuous Receive (CDRX) is enabled). Cell encryption configuration markers may reflect whether encryption is enabled in the cell (e.g., for privacy purposes). Cell VoPS markers may reflect whether the cell supports VoPS (e.g., VoLTE and / or VoNR). Cell coexistence markers may reflect whether the cell's frequency band is shared with or can be shared with other technologies (e.g., UWB, Wi-Fi, etc.). It should be noted that such information can be valuable for UE baseband operation, for example, to support the early and timely correct instantiation of the necessary software and hardware resources to address interference and / or link drop issues that may arise from such coexistence.

[0106] According to some implementation schemes, cell scores / ratios / labels can be determined at least in part based on aggregated crowdsourced data. For example, key performance indicator (KPI) information, configuration statistics, and / or other information of any number of cells to which a wireless device interacts can be collected (with the consent of all applicable parties), aggregated, and used to determine the score / ratio / label of any cell for which such information can be collected. Such information can be collected, for example, from consenting wireless devices associated with a specific wireless device vendor by one or more servers configured for such purposes and used to determine the score / ratio / label; some or all of such scores / ratios / labels (e.g., including at least one subgroup applicable to the current location of each such wireless device) can then be provided to the wireless device associated with the wireless device vendor, for example, for use when performing application / service context-aware cell selection or reselection. Additionally or alternatively, historical device measurements can be used to determine cell scores / ratios / labels. As one such possibility, a database on the local device can collect historical measurements of cells accessed by wireless devices and determine QoS awareness for each application type. For example, as a possibility, the throughput observed on a cell can be used at least in part to determine the suitability of that cell for streaming applications.

[0107] Figure 6 Various aspects of exemplary possible frameworks for performing application and service context-aware cell selection in a wireless communication system, according to some implementations, are illustrated. In the illustrated scenario, at 602, a cell association state machine executing on the wireless device can request information indicating the current location of the wireless device from a mapping application executing on the wireless device. At 604, the mapping application can return the current location information to the cell association state machine. The mapping application can obtain the current location information of the wireless device at least in part based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) communications from various possible technologies for determining the current location of the wireless device.

[0108] In 606, the cell association state machine can request information about nearby cells from a radio resource management application (e.g., an application programming interface (API)) executing on the radio device, for example, by providing the coordinates of the radio device. In 608, the radio resource management application can then request information indicating nearby cells from a source storing the radio device's cell location information (such as the Cell Location Service API). In 610, a list of LTE and NR cells for the radio device's current location can be provided to the radio resource management entity, which can then provide the requested information about nearby cells to the cell association state machine in 612.

[0109] In 614, the cell association state machine can request application / service / configuration information (e.g., scores / ratios / tags) of cells surrounding the wireless device from an entity storing such cell information. Cell information can be calculated at least in part using, for example, crowdsourced telemetry feedback aggregated from multiple wireless devices via a central server, and this cell information can be provided to the entity storing the cell information on the wireless device, which can return cell preference scores and configuration metrics for cells surrounding the wireless device in 616. In 618, cell information including any scores / metrics obtained from crowdsourced computation can be provided to the modem baseband of the wireless device, possibly with additional on-device learning-based adjustments and / or additions from historical cell performance results experienced by the wireless device itself. The modem baseband can use this information to select the best cell to associate with, for example, based on the wireless device's current application / service / device context. In 620, the modem baseband can also provide telemetry feedback to the cell association state machine. The telemetry feedback may relate to historical cell performance results experienced by the wireless device, which can be provided to an entity performing crowdsourced computation of cell performance / configuration information, and / or used by the wireless device itself for on-device learning.

[0110] Figure 7 This illustrates the application and service context-aware cell selection process according to some implementation schemes (such as in...). Figure 6 The figure illustrates, and is related to, the method described herein, the exemplary possible cell information considered for cell selection. As shown, in the illustrated scenario, various scores, ratios, and labels of each cell among the various cells near the wireless device can be used by the wireless device to facilitate cell selection. Such detailed cell information can be used to determine cell preferences to which it should be associated, and these preferences can be biased or weighted to certain scores / ratios / labels based on the wireless device's application / service / device context. Alternatively, such detailed cell information can be used, for example, to determine cell preferences to which it should be associated in a manner unrelated to the wireless device context, when necessary.

[0111] Figures 8A-8B Exemplary aspects of possible cell filtering techniques that can be used in the application and service context-aware cell selection process according to some implementation schemes are shown. In particular, in Figure 8A In the scenario where cell encryption configuration is used to filter cells that do not meet the cell encryption standard of the wireless device, cells A, C, and D meet the standard, while cells B and E do not. In contrast, in Figure 8BIn a scenario where wireless devices in the same location use power influence configuration to filter cells that do not meet the device's power-friendly criteria, cells C, D, and E meet the criteria, while cells A and B do not. Therefore, different cells can be preferred in different scenarios depending on the wireless device context. It should be noted that wireless devices can also have multi-cell configuration preference criteria related to different cell configuration characteristics. In this case, such filtering can be performed sequentially (e.g., as a possibility, to filter cells B and E based on cell encryption criteria, then filter cell A based on power-friendly criteria, leaving cells C and D as candidate cells for cell selection). It should also be noted that, in addition to... Figures 8A-8B In addition to the community configuration preference standards illustrated herein, or as an alternative, other community configuration preference standards are also possible.

[0112] Figures 9-11 Exemplary aspects of the cell selection process, where application and service contexts influence cell selection according to some implementation schemes, are illustrated. Specifically, Figure 9 This illustrates various aspects of a scenario where cell selection preferences are based, at least in part, on voice call quality scores of cells near the wireless device. Figure 10 This illustrates various aspects of a scenario where cell selection preference is at least in part based on the latency scores of cells near the wireless device, and Figure 11 This illustrates various aspects of a scenario in which cell selection preference is based at least in part on the throughput scores of cells near the wireless device.

[0113] As shown in the figure, Figure 9 In this scenario, the baseband circuitry of a wireless device can receive a service request (e.g., from the application processor of the wireless device), which may be triggered by a voice call (e.g., a telephone) application. The baseband circuitry can perform cell selection to determine the cell on which to attempt to establish a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection for the service request. Cell selection can compare the voice call quality scores of cells near the wireless device, determine that cell C has a better voice call quality score than the currently serving cell (cell A), and accordingly determine alternatives to associate with cell C, for example, to establish an RRC connection on a cell that may provide better voice call quality.

[0114] exist Figure 10In this scenario, the baseband circuitry of the wireless device can receive a service request, which may be triggered by a conferencing application. The baseband circuitry can perform cell selection to determine the cell on which to attempt to establish an RRC connection for the service request. In at least some cases, low latency can be considered a high priority for the conferencing application, and therefore cell selection can compare the latency scores of cells near the wireless device. Based on this comparison, the wireless device can determine that cell D has a better data latency score than the currently serving cell (cell A), and can accordingly determine alternatives to associate with cell D, for example, to establish an RRC connection on a cell that may offer better data latency.

[0115] exist Figure 11 In this scenario, the baseband circuitry of a wireless device can receive service requests, which may be triggered by a streaming (e.g., TV) application, an app store application, or another application whose throughput is considered high priority. The baseband circuitry can perform cell selection to determine the cell on which to attempt to establish an RRC connection for the service request. Cell selection can compare the throughput scores of cells near the wireless device. Based on this comparison, the wireless device can determine that cell E has a better throughput score than the currently serving cell (cell A), and can accordingly determine alternatives to associate with cell E, for example, to establish an RRC connection on a cell that may provide better throughput.

[0116] Therefore, depending on the application that triggered the service request and / or the type of service request, the wireless device can select the cell to associate with, expecting that the cell will provide the best link for triggering the application / service type.

[0117] The cell information used may include any of the various possible scores, ratios, tags and / or other indicators that can be based on any of the various possible performance metrics. Figure 12 This is a table illustrating a set of such possible fractions, ratios, markings, etc., that can be used as the basis for at least some of the techniques described herein. It should be noted that the illustrated set of fractions, ratios, and markings is provided as examples of some of these possible indicators, and many other possible indicators and / or numerous variations of the exemplary indicators provided are also possible.

[0118] As shown in the figure, a possible indicator may include the cell’s Radio Access Technology (RAT) type (e.g., NR Standalone (SA), NR Non-Standalone (NSA), LTE, etc.).

[0119] One possible ratio could be a cell accessibility and maintainability ratio. The cell accessibility portion of this ratio could contribute a weighted percentage (e.g., 50%) to the overall ratio and could be based on the frequency of random access channel (RACH) process failures occurring on the cell. The cell maintainability portion of this ratio could be based on the frequency of radio link failures occurring on the cell and the frequency of additional cell additions (e.g., via carrier aggregation (CA) or dual connectivity (DC)) failures occurring on the cell, each of which could also contribute a weighted percentage (e.g., 25%) to the overall ratio. At least in some embodiments, a lower accessibility and maintainability failure rate is preferable. Another possible ratio could be a cell level stability ratio. Such a ratio could be based on the frequency of data link outages occurring on the cell and the frequency of equipment resets occurring on the cell, where each such contribution is considered weighted in relation to its contribution to the overall ratio (e.g., as a possibility, each weighted 50%). At least in some embodiments, a lower cell stability failure rate is preferable.

[0120] Possible cellular link feature markers may include power consumption configuration markers, encryption markers, VoPS markers, and / or coex markers, etc. Power consumption configuration markers may be based on whether the cell configuration includes Connected Discontinuous Reception (CDRX) enablement, for example, indicating that the cell configuration allows the UE to sleep to save power. Encryption markers may be based on whether the cell configuration includes encryption enablement, for example, indicating that the cell configuration allows the UE to have a secure and privacy-preserving link with the cellular network. VoPS markers may be based on whether the cell supports VoPS (e.g., VoLTE and / or VoNR), for example, indicating that the cell configuration allows the UE to perform VoPS calls via that cell. Coex markers may be based on whether the cell operates in a spectrum portion that may be subject to coexistence considerations with other wireless communication technologies (e.g., which may affect cell selection depending on the UE's coexistence context). It should be noted that such information can be valuable for UE baseband operation, for example, to support the early and timely correct instantiation of the necessary software and hardware resources to address interference and / or link drop issues that may arise from such coexistence. Cellular link feature markers may also be provided relative to any of the various other possible cell characteristics as needed.

[0121] One possible application / service-aware cell score could include a cell throughput bandwidth estimate. Such a score could be based on various throughput distribution characteristics of the cell. For example, each of the following—the average DL throughput, the 90th percentile DL throughput, the 10th percentile DL throughput, the average UL throughput, the 90th percentile UL throughput, and the 10th percentile UL throughput—could be weighted in various proportions (e.g., as a possibility, 18%, 9%, 23%, 18%, 9%, and 23%, respectively) to quantify the size of the cellular throughput bandwidth of the cell's links. At least in some implementations, a higher throughput bandwidth quality score can be considered better.

[0122] Another possible application / service-aware cell score could include cell latency estimation. Such a score could be based on various latency characteristics of the cell. For example, each of the average latency, the 90th percentile, and the 10th percentile could be weighted in various proportions (e.g., as a possibility, 44%, 23%, and 33%, respectively) to quantify how latency-friendly the cell link is considered. At least in some implementations, a higher latency quality score can be considered better.

[0123] Another possible application / service-aware cell score could be a voice call quality score. Such a score can be based on the cell's voice call quality characteristics. For example, each of the VoPS drop rate and VoPS call setup success rate could be weighted in various proportions (e.g., as a possibility, 54.55% and 45.45%, respectively) to quantify the quality of the cellular link when used to perform voice calls. At least in some implementations, a higher voice call quality score can be considered better.

[0124] It should be noted that for at least some types of cell information (e.g., certain KPIs), devices may need to be in connected mode and undergo a process of receiving measurement and control information that may consume time and resources in order to obtain estimates of these values. Therefore, in at least some cases, significant potential benefits can be obtained by utilizing crowdsourced information from a relatively large number of devices to derive these values, for example, to potentially obtain a relatively large sample size and relatively high accuracy / precision of these derived values, where for any given individual device, there may be little or no additional sample collection burden outside the scope of its normal operational activities.

[0125] In some implementations, at least some cell performance information can be calculated based on per-cell strength / quality zones. For example, different RSRP / SINR zones (or per-cell heatmaps) can be defined even within the same cell, and different accessibility and maintainability failure rates, stability failure rates, throughput bandwidth scores, latency scores, and / or voice call quality scores can be calculated for each such zone. These zones or heatmaps can also be estimated using crowdsourced measurement data, at least according to some implementations. In some cases, such zones can be relatively dynamic (e.g., they can change at various times based on device speed, instantaneous cell load, etc.) and may be updated as new / updated crowdsourced data becomes available. In a typical multi-cell scenario, to select cells to associate, the device can measure the instantaneous actual RSRP / SINR value for each cell accordingly, and then compare these values ​​with per-cell zone thresholds (e.g., derived from crowdsourced data) to determine which RSRP / SINR zone each cell belongs to. Therefore, when determining the applicability for cell selection, the cell score / ratio / label used can be specific to the RSRP / SINR area observed by the radio device performing cell selection.

[0126] Figure 13 Exemplary aspects of such a possible set of cell information, including at least some different values ​​for different RSRP / SINR zones, are illustrated according to some implementation schemes. As shown, in the illustrated scenario, three RSRP / SINR zones can be defined for a cell provided by a mobile phone tower. At least as a possibility, RSRP / SINR zones can be defined by certain threshold RSRP and / or SINR values ​​that distinguish these zones from each other. These thresholds can be configured as needed; for clarity, the different zones may simply be referred to herein as “good” zone, “medium” zone, and “poor” zone. It should be noted that different numbers of RSRP / SINR zones can be used if desired. As shown, in the illustrated scenario, the accessibility and maintainability failure rate, stability failure rate, and throughput bandwidth score are different in each different RSRP / SINR zone, while the latency score is consistent across all three zones, and the voice call quality score is consistent in the good and medium RSRP / SINR zones but different in the poor RSRP / SINR zone. It should also be noted that at least some cell characteristics may not depend on the RSRP / SINR zone, and thus will not be calculated differently for different RSRP / SINR zones. For example, in the illustrated scenario, the network, cell identifier, cell location (coordinates), RAT, encryption flag, power friendly flag, VoPS flag, and coexistence flag can be consistent across all RSRP / SINR regions.

[0127] Figure 14 This is a flowchart illustrating exemplary aspects of a possible cell selection process considering application and service contexts according to some implementation schemes. In the illustrated scenario, at 1402, the wireless device may be in an RRC idle mode relative to cellular operation. At 1404, a service request may be received from the wireless device's application processor, and at 1406, cell information of surrounding cells, including cell configuration information of these cells and any available cell scores / ratios / tags, may be obtained by the wireless device's cellular baseband circuitry. At 1408, any unencrypted cells may be filtered from the cell selection process. If all available cells are unencrypted, at 1410, the cell with the highest received signal strength and / or quality may be selected, and the wireless device may operate in a limited service mode, for example, to limit potential privacy violations due to the lack of cell encryption.

[0128] If at least some cells remain after filtering any unencrypted cells, then in 1412, cells with received signal strength and / or quality (e.g., RSRP+SINR) below a configured threshold (“X”) can be filtered from the cell selection process. If all remaining available cells have signal strength / quality below the configured threshold, then in 1414, cell search can be stopped and the radio device baseband operation can enter sleep mode.

[0129] If at least some cells remain after filtering out any cells with received signal strength and / or quality below a configured threshold, one or more checks on the battery / power consumption state of the wireless device can be performed. In 1416, it can be determined whether the wireless device is charging (e.g., connected to an external power source) or has a battery capacity / reserve above a configured threshold (“Z”). If not, cells with certain power constraints (e.g., CDRX off, or otherwise marked as power-unfriendly) can be filtered out from the cell selection process in 1418. If the wireless device is not charging, does not have a battery capacity / reserve above the configured threshold, and all remaining cells have power constraints (e.g., CDRX off, or otherwise marked as power-unfriendly), then in 1420, it is further checked whether the current battery consumption is above a configured threshold rate (“Y”) and whether the battery capacity / reserve is below the configured threshold Z. If so, in 1422, the cell with the highest received signal and / or quality can be selected, and the wireless device can operate in a low-data mode, for example, to limit further battery reserve consumption.

[0130] If the wireless device is charging or has a battery capacity / reserve higher than the configured threshold Z, or if at least some cells remain after filtering out cells with power constraints, or if the current battery consumption is not higher than the configured threshold rate Y, then in 1424, further filtering based on accessibility / retention (A / R), stability, and / or application / service awareness scores can be performed. Such filtering may include: discarding any other cells from the cell selection process while maintaining a certain number of cells with optimal A / R, stability, and application / service awareness scores; filtering out cells with A / R, stability, and application / service awareness scores that do not meet one or more configured threshold requirements; and / or any other filtering methods.

[0131] Following this filtering, several possible methods exist for performing application context-aware cell selection, including a first case and a second case. In the first case, hard application context allocation can be performed, and the cell selection process can proceed from step 1424 to step 1426. In 1426, it can be determined whether the application context of the current service request is a voice call context, a low-latency requirement context, or a high-throughput requirement context. If the current service request is a voice call context, then in 1428, the remaining cell with the highest voice call quality score can be selected. If the current service request is a low-latency requirement context, then in 1430, the remaining cell with the highest latency score can be selected. If the current service request is a high-throughput requirement context, then in 1432, the remaining cell with the highest throughput bandwidth quality score can be selected.

[0132] As an alternative, in the second case, soft application context allocation can be performed, and the cell selection process can proceed from step 1424 to step 1434. In 1434, an application score weighting method can be used to determine the application context, where weights are applied to each of the voice call quality score, throughput bandwidth quality score, and latency score of each cell based on the relative importance of each score to the application or service type associated with the service request. Note that, if desired, A / R rate and / or stability rate, combined with themselves or as separate weighting factors, can also be included in the weighted sum. In 1436, the remaining cells with the highest weighted score sum can be selected. Note that, at least in some embodiments, the weights can be configured such that the sum of the weights totals 100% (e.g., in...). Figure 14 In the illustrated scenario, A+B+C = 100%. As previously noted herein, in some implementations, the scores and ratios used in cell selection may depend on the measured RSRP / SINR of each cell under consideration.

[0133] It should be noted that, in addition to using detailed cell performance and configuration information for application / service / device context-aware cell selection or as an alternative, such information can also be used for any other purpose. As one such possibility, the baseband resource controller of a wireless device (e.g., an access stratum radio resource controller (AS-RRC)) can combine the derived cell score, ratio, and tag with the device's geographic location and speed estimates to determine when the device approaches a location with potentially problematic cellular behavior (e.g., tunnels, known areas with poor coverage, etc., for which the score / ratio values ​​can provide indication), and, if dropping the cellular link cannot be avoided, proactively take action to avoid dropping the cellular link and / or restore cellular service more quickly.

[0134] Such proactive AS-RRC actions could include increasing the rate of cellular measurements performed when the serving cell condition deteriorates and nearby cells have scores / ratios that are as good as or better than the current serving cell, for example, to increase the chance of discovering a good cell to move to. Another possible action could include triggering a single measurement on a given frequency before attempting a reselection or handover to its corresponding cell. This can help make the cell association process more robust relative to noisy measurements that lead to the "ghost cell" effect (where a device detects a cell when there is no real cell), thus helping to reduce or avoid the possibility of reselection / handover ping-pong scenarios. Yet another possible action could include applying some general or cell-specific offset to the reselection / handover criteria based on scores to meet QoS application requirements when the scores of surrounding cells are as good as or better than the serving cell. Another possible action could include determining not to reselect to a cell if it does not support certain features (such as if VoPS is not supported and the AP-side service request is triggered by a voice application). Such actions prevent the device from needing to perform potentially time- and resource-intensive Evolved Packet Service (EPS) fallbacks before establishing a voice call, which could impact the overall end-user perceived call quality. It should be noted that various other such proactive actions (e.g., performed by AS-RRC and / or other device entities) are also possible based on cell performance and configuration information, device geolocation, device speed, and / or other considerations.

[0135] Further exemplary implementations are provided below.

[0136] One set of embodiments may include an apparatus comprising: a processor configured to cause a wireless device to: determine the current location of the wireless device; determine one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device; determine application context-based metric information of the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device; and determine, at least in part, a cell to be associated with the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device based on the application context-based metric information of the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device.

[0137] According to some implementation schemes, application context-based metrics for one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device are determined, at least in part, based on one or more of aggregated crowdsourced data or historical cell performance measurements performed by the wireless device.

[0138] According to some implementations, the processor is further configured to enable the wireless device to: receive service requests from applications executing on the wireless device; and determine the application type of the application from which the service requests are received, wherein the cell to be associated with the application is determined at least in part based on the application type of the application from which the service requests are received.

[0139] According to some implementations, application context-based metrics for one or more cells associated with the current location of a wireless device are determined, at least in part, based on one or more signal strength or signal quality measurements for one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device.

[0140] According to some implementations, the processor is also configured to enable the wireless device to determine, at least in part, one or more cell characteristics or desired cell performance information of one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device, based on one or more of aggregated crowdsourced data or historical cell performance measurements performed by the wireless device.

[0141] According to some implementation schemes, the one or more cell characteristics or desired cell performance information includes information for one or more of the following: power consumption configuration metrics; encryption support metrics; packet-switched voice (VoPS) support metrics; cell accessibility metrics; cell maintainability metrics; or cell stability metrics.

[0142] According to some implementation schemes, application context-based metrics include information for one or more of the following: cell throughput metrics; cell latency metrics; or cell voice call quality metrics.

[0143] Another set of embodiments may include a wireless device comprising: an antenna; a radio component operatively coupled to the antenna; and a processor operatively coupled to the radio component; wherein the wireless device is configured to: determine the current location of the wireless device; determine one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device; determine cell performance information for each of the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device, based on one or more application context-based metrics; and determine a cell to be associated with from the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device, based at least in part on the cell performance information for each of the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device, based on one or more application context-based metrics.

[0144] According to some implementation schemes, cell performance information of at least one of one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device is determined, at least in part, based on historical cell performance between the wireless device and at least one cell.

[0145] According to some implementation schemes, cell performance information of at least one of one or more cells associated with the current location of a wireless device is determined, at least in part, based on aggregated crowdsourced data.

[0146] According to some implementations, the wireless device is further configured to receive aggregated crowdsourced data indicating cell performance information for one or more application context-based metrics of multiple cells, wherein the multiple cells include at least one of one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device.

[0147] According to some implementation schemes, cell performance information for each of the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device is determined, at least in part, based on one or more signal strength or signal quality measurements for each of the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device, using one or more application context-based metrics.

[0148] According to some implementation schemes, one or more application context-based metrics include one or more of the following: cell throughput metric; cell latency metric; or cell voice call quality metric.

[0149] Another set of implementations may include a method comprising: by a wireless device: determining the current location of the wireless device; determining one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device; determining one or more cell characteristics of the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device, based at least in part on aggregated crowdsourced data for the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device, wherein the one or more cell characteristics of the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device include at least one application context-based metric; and determining, from the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device, a cell to be associated with, based at least in part on the one or more cell characteristics of the one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device.

[0150] According to some implementation schemes, determining the cell to be associated with a wireless device from one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device is also based at least in part on one or more wireless device context characteristics of the wireless device.

[0151] According to some implementations, one or more wireless device context characteristics include one or more of the following: whether the wireless device is currently charging; the current battery reserve level of the wireless device; the current power consumption mode of the wireless device; or the current battery consumption rate of the wireless device.

[0152] According to some implementation schemes, determining which cell to associate with a wireless device is based, at least in part, on the application context information of the wireless device, from one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device.

[0153] According to some implementation schemes, the application context information of a wireless device includes priority information for one or more of the following: throughput, latency, or voice call quality for one or more applications that are active on the wireless device.

[0154] According to some implementation schemes, at least one subgroup of one or more cell characteristics associated with one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device is determined, based at least in part on one or more signal strength measurements or signal quality measurements of one or more cells associated with the current location of the wireless device.

[0155] According to some implementation schemes, one or more cell characteristics include one or more of the following: cell accessibility metric; cell maintainability metric; cell stability metric; power consumption configuration metric; encryption support metric; packet-switched voice (VoPS) support metric; cell throughput metric; cell latency metric; or cell voice call quality metric.

[0156] Another exemplary implementation may include a method comprising: performing any or all of the foregoing examples by a wireless device.

[0157] Another exemplary embodiment may include a device comprising: an antenna; a radio component coupled to the antenna; and a processing element operatively coupled to the radio component, wherein the device is configured to implement any or all of the foregoing examples.

[0158] Another set of exemplary embodiments may include a non-transitory computer-accessible memory medium comprising program instructions that, when executed at the device, cause the device to implement any or all of the portions of any of the foregoing examples.

[0159] Another exemplary set of implementations may include a computer program comprising instructions for performing any or all portions of any of the examples described above.

[0160] Another exemplary set of embodiments may include an apparatus that includes means for performing any or all elements of any of the examples described above.

[0161] Another set of exemplary embodiments may include an apparatus that includes a processing element configured to cause a wireless device to perform any or all of the elements of any of the foregoing examples.

[0162] As is widely recognized, the use of personally identifiable information should comply with privacy policies and practices that are generally accepted to meet or exceed industry or governmental requirements for protecting user privacy. Specifically, personally identifiable information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly explained to users.

[0163] By interpreting each message / signal X received by the user equipment (UE) in the downlink as a message / signal X transmitted by the base station, and interpreting each message / signal Y transmitted by the UE in the uplink as a message / signal Y received by the base station, any method described herein for operating the UE can serve as the basis for a corresponding method for operating the base station.

[0164] Embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented in any of a variety of forms. For example, in some embodiments, the subject matter may be implemented as a computer-implemented method, a computer-readable storage medium, or a computer system. In other embodiments, the subject matter may be implemented using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. In still other embodiments, the subject matter may be implemented using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.

[0165] In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory memory element) may be configured to store program instructions and / or data, wherein if the program instructions are executed by a computer system, the computer system performs a method, such as any of the method embodiments described herein, or any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or any subset of any method embodiments described herein, or any combination of such subsets.

[0166] In some embodiments, a device (e.g., a UE) may be configured to include a processor (or a set of processors) and a memory medium (or memory elements), wherein the memory medium stores program instructions, and wherein the processor is configured to read from and execute the program instructions, wherein the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method embodiments described herein (or any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or any subset or any combination of such subsets of any method embodiments described herein). The device may be implemented in any of a variety of forms.

[0167] Although the above embodiments have been described in considerable detail, many variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the disclosure is fully understood. This disclosure is intended to render the following claims as encompassing all such variations and modifications.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: Processor, the processor being configured to enable the wireless device to: Determine the current location of the wireless device; Based on the execution of the application on the wireless device, the application context-dependent cell characteristics that should be given priority in the selection of the target cell to which it is to connect are selected; Determine a first cell and a second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device; Determine the corresponding values ​​of the application context-dependent cell characteristics of the first cell and the second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device; The target cell to be connected to is selected from the first cell or the second cell based at least in part on the corresponding values ​​of the application context-related cell characteristics of the first cell and the second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device. as well as Use the target cell to connect to the cellular network.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, The corresponding values ​​of the application context-dependent cell characteristics of the first and second cells associated with the current location of the wireless device are determined based at least in part on one or more of aggregated crowdsourced data or historical cell performance measurements performed by the wireless device.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the wireless device to: Receive service requests from the application; and Determine the application type of the application. The target cell is selected based at least in part on the application type of the application.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, The corresponding values ​​of the application context-dependent cell characteristics of the first and second cells associated with the current location of the wireless device are determined at least in part based on one or more signal strength or signal quality measurements of the first and second cells associated with the current location of the wireless device.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the wireless device to: The desired cell performance information of the first and second cells associated with the current location of the wireless device is determined at least in part based on one or more of aggregated crowdsourced data or historical cell performance measurements performed by the wireless device.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the desired cell performance information includes information relating to one or more of the following: Power consumption configuration metrics; Encryption supports measurement; Packet-switched voice VoPS supports metrics; Cell accessibility measurement; Community sustainability measurement; or Community stability measurement.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the corresponding value of the application context-dependent cell characteristic includes information for one or more of the following: Cell throughput metric; Cell delay measurement; or Measurement of voice call quality in the community.

8. A wireless device, comprising: antenna; A radio component, the radio component being operatively coupled to the antenna; as well as A processor capable of being operatively coupled to the radio component; The wireless device is configured as follows: Determine the current location of the wireless device; Based on the execution of the application on the wireless device, the application context-dependent cell characteristics that should be given priority in the selection of the target cell to which it is to connect are selected; Determine a first cell and a second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device; Determine the corresponding values ​​of the application context-dependent cell characteristics of the first cell and the second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device; The target cell to be connected to is selected from the first cell or the second cell based at least in part on the corresponding values ​​of the application context-related cell characteristics of the first cell and the second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device. as well as Use the target cell to connect to the cellular network.

9. The wireless device according to claim 8, The corresponding values ​​of the application context-dependent cell characteristics of the first and second cells associated with the current location of the wireless device are determined at least in part based on the historical cell performance between the wireless device and the first and second cells.

10. The wireless device according to claim 8, The application context-dependent cell characteristics of the first and second cells associated with the current location of the wireless device are determined based at least in part on aggregated crowdsourced data.

11. The wireless device of claim 10, wherein the wireless device is further configured to: The aggregated crowdsourced data is received from multiple cells, including the first cell and the second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device.

12. The wireless device according to claim 8, The corresponding values ​​of the application context-dependent cell characteristics of the first and second cells associated with the current location of the wireless device are determined, based at least in part on one or more signal strength or signal quality measurements of each of the first and second cells associated with the current location of the wireless device.

13. The wireless device of claim 8, wherein the corresponding value of the application context-related cell characteristic includes one or more of the following: The corresponding value for the cell throughput metric; The corresponding value of the cell delay metric; or The corresponding value of the community voice call quality metric.

14. A method for wireless communication, the method comprising: By wireless devices: Determine the current location of the wireless device; Determine a first cell and a second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device; Based on the execution of the application on the wireless device, the application context-dependent cell characteristics that should be given priority in the selection of the target cell to which it is to connect are selected; Determine the corresponding values ​​of the application context-dependent cell characteristics of the first cell and the second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device; The target cell to be connected to is selected from the first cell or the second cell based at least in part on the corresponding values ​​of the application context-related cell characteristics of the first cell and the second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device. as well as Use the target cell to connect to the cellular network.

15. The method according to claim 14, The selection of the target cell to connect to from the first cell or the second cell is also based at least in part on one or more wireless device context characteristics of the wireless device.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the one or more wireless device context characteristics include one or more of the following: Is the wireless device currently charging? The current battery reserve level of the wireless device; The current power consumption mode of the wireless device; or The current battery consumption rate of the wireless device.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein the application context-dependent cell characteristic includes one of throughput, latency, or voice call quality.

18. The method according to claim 14, The corresponding values ​​of the application context-dependent cell characteristics of the first cell and the second cell are determined at least in part based on one or more signal strength or signal quality measurements of the first cell and the second cell associated with the current location of the wireless device.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein the corresponding values ​​of the application context-related cell characteristics of the first cell and the second cell include one or more of the following: The corresponding value of the cell accessibility metric; The corresponding value for the community maintainability metric; The corresponding value of the community stability metric; The corresponding value for the power consumption configuration metric; The corresponding value for the encryption support metric; The corresponding values ​​for the packet-switched voice VoPS support metric; The corresponding value for the cell throughput metric; The corresponding value of the cell delay metric; or The corresponding value of the community voice call quality metric.

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