A precision optical polarization controller based on piezoelectric material

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of precision light polarization controllers based on piezoelectric material, including piezoelectric drive unit, mechanical transmission unit, polarization unit;The piezoelectric drive unit is used to make piezoelectric element according to piezoelectric signal generation elongation movement;And feedback the rotation angle of polarization element;Mechanical transmission unit is used to transmit the elongation movement of piezoelectric drive unit to polarization unit;Polarization unit includes polarization element;For receiving input beam, and output transverse polarized light beam.Piezoelectric ceramic component has the characteristics of variation with the change of external electric field signal, and elongation movement is converted into rotary motion by transmission mechanism, and the rotation of polarization film not more than 0.2 angular second can be realized;Input electric field form is controllable, can realize the function relationship of elongation and time, finally realizes the influence of the rotation effect of light polarization on the equivalent effect of light momentum.The application can provide an economical and practical scheme for subsequent light polarization in the field of microscale scientific research in space-time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a precise light polarization controller based on piezoelectric material, which is used in the field of polarization imaging and polarization direction adjustment related sensing detection. BACKGROUND

[0002] One of the important trends in optical tweezers is to combine various new light fields to achieve special or complex manipulation functions. The research of new light fields for optical tweezers benefits from the rapid development of complex light field modulation techniques, such as spatial light modulation techniques. New light fields include vortex beams, non-diffracting and self-healing beams, self-accelerating beams, and vector beams, etc. Vortex beams are related to phase singularities and carry orbital angular momentum, which can transfer angular momentum to particles during interaction with matter, resulting in the rotation of particles in the light field. Common vortex beams include Laguerre-Gaussian beams and Bessel beams. Among them, Bessel beams belong to non-diffracting and self-healing beams, which can maintain the size and size of the central spot unchanged over a long distance compared to Gaussian beams, and can quickly restore the original light field distribution after encountering obstacles during transmission. Due to the good stability of Bessel beams during transmission, it can be used to guide particles to transport along the axial direction with a distance of up to 3mm, which is much larger than the axial capture depth of Gaussian beam optical tweezers. Moreover, multiple planar long-distance capture of multiple particles can be achieved in the axial distance of 3mm. Non-diffracting beams also include Mathieu beams, parabolic beams, Airy beams, etc. Among them, parabolic beams and Airy beams are also a kind of self-accelerating beams. Self-accelerating beams curve at an angle during axial transmission without propagating along a straight line, appearing to accelerate in free space. Such beams can be used to transport particles along a set trajectory in optical manipulation. Self-accelerating beams also include Weber beams and spiral beams, etc.

[0003] Light is a kind of electromagnetic wave, and electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave. The plane formed by the vibration direction and the direction of light wave propagation is called the vibration plane, and the vibration plane of light is limited to a certain fixed direction, which is called plane polarized light or linear polarized light. Non-uniform polarized light field, such as radial polarized light beam and angular polarized light beam, has superior convergence characteristics. Therefore, the polarization adjustment of light has a wide range of application scenarios, for example: when polarized light passes through some medium, the vibration direction of the polarized light will rotate by a certain angle relative to the original vibration direction, and the angle of rotation is called the optical rotation, which is related to the concentration, length, refractive index and other factors of the medium. By measuring the optical rotation, the change of the related physical quantity of the medium can be known, so the polarization light detection of geometric surface can be used to measure the physical properties that cannot be detected by conventional imaging; when shooting, appropriately rotating the polarized lens so that its transmission vibration direction is perpendicular to the transmission vibration direction of the reflected light can weaken the reflected light and make the image behind the water or glass clear; in medical treatment, polarized light can be used for patients with allergic reactions to drugs, bleeding diseases and other patients who are not suitable for nerve block, and can be used with various drug therapies. The operator does not need high medical technology, and nurses can complete the local ordinary irradiation operation under the guidance of doctors.

[0004] In order to obtain polarized light with higher precision, the spatial force distribution direction of light cannot be separated from the polarization adjustment of light, especially the polarization adjustment of light is an extremely precise activity. This field urgently needs sub-micron micro-displacement technology, and also urgently needs to realize micro-scale space-time control through computer in this scale range.

[0005] In conventional optical fiber communication, more and more input signals of devices need polarized light beams due to the application of planar optical waveguide and polarization division multiplexer. The most common method to form polarized light beams is to use a polarizing beam splitter and a birefringent crystal to divide a single wavelength light beam into transverse electric (TE) polarized light beam and transverse magnetic (TM) polarized light beam, and then use the TE polarized light beam or the TM polarized light beam according to the requirement. Then the signal is loaded on the TE polarized light beam or the TM polarized light beam, and high-density dense wavelength division multiplexer (DWDM) or wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) is used to guide the TE polarized light beam or the TM polarized light beam of various wavelengths into the optical fiber. It is worth mentioning that if the TE polarized light beam is not loaded with data, the TM polarized light beam is discarded. Therefore, the light intensity of the TE or TM polarized light beam that transmits data is less than the light intensity of the original single wavelength light beam. It can be seen that the existing optical polarization controller still has defects and needs to be further improved. In order to solve the problems of the optical polarization controller, relevant manufacturers have made every effort to seek solutions, but for a long time no applicable design has been developed, and general products do not have a suitable structure to solve the above problems, which is obviously a problem that relevant manufacturers urgently want to solve. In recent years, precision motors have made great progress, and one of them has achieved an angular second level. However, the motor is extremely expensive, and it needs to be matched with a corresponding precision encoder and driver, and the precision requirement of the mechanical connection structure is also very high. Therefore, in order to build such a system for optical polarization, a very high cost must be paid.

[0006] Piezoelectric elements have the property of spontaneous polarization, which can be changed under the action of an external electric field. Therefore, when an external electric field is applied to a piezoelectric medium, the piezoelectric medium will deform under the action of the external electric field. Generally, a positive electric field will induce an increase in polarization intensity, causing the piezoelectric element to elongate along the polarization direction. Conversely, if a negative electric field is applied, the piezoelectric element will shorten along the polarization direction. This phenomenon of converting electrical effect into mechanical effect is called inverse piezoelectric effect. Therefore, the elongation rate has a certain functional relationship with the applied electric field intensity. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to overcome the defects of the existing light polarization controller, and provides a precise light polarization controller based on piezoelectric material, and the technical problem to be solved is to realize the spatial force of light on particles and the interaction between light and matter by controlling and adjusting the light polarization, and to adjust the spatial energy and momentum.

[0008] A precise light polarization controller based on piezoelectric material, comprising a piezoelectric driving unit, a mechanical transmission unit and a polarization unit.

[0009] The piezoelectric driving unit is used to make the piezoelectric element generate elongation movement according to the piezoelectric signal, and feedback the rotation angle of the polarization element.

[0010] The mechanical transmission unit is used to transmit the elongation movement output by the piezoelectric driving unit to the polarization unit.

[0011] The polarization unit comprises a polarization element, and is used to receive an input light beam and output a transverse polarized light beam.

[0012] The piezoelectric driving unit comprises a signal generator, a signal modulator, a signal amplifier, a piezoelectric element, a laser displacement sensor and a rack; one end of the piezoelectric element is fixed to the rack through a height adjusting screw, and the other end is connected to the slider of the mechanical transmission unit by a screw; the push rod is fixed to the piezoelectric element, so that when the piezoelectric element receives an external voltage, it generates elongation movement and pushes the push rod to move; the laser displacement sensor is used to feedback the displacement of the piezoelectric element, and the rotation angle of the gear of the polarization unit is obtained according to the transmission ratio, and then the rotation angle of the polarization element is obtained.

[0013] The mechanical transmission unit comprises a push rod, a slider, a balance wheel, a rotating gear, a compression washer, and an adjusting screw and a rotating inner ring connected by threads; the mechanical transmission unit is powered by the elongation movement of the piezoelectric element, and drives the push rod to move, which in turn drives the slider to move, further causing the balance wheel to swing; the balance wheel is engaged with the rotating gear, and the movement is transmitted to the rotating gear; the rotating gear drives the compression washer to rotate by friction, and the compression washer drives the rotating inner ring to rotate by the adjusting screw, and the rotating inner ring drives the polarization lens blocking ring, the polarization lens and the polarization lens screw ring to rotate together, finally converting the elongation movement of the piezoelectric element into rotation.

[0014] The polarization unit comprises a polarization element, the polarization element comprises a polarization lens retainer, a polarization lens, a polarization lens screw, a rotating inner ring, the polarization lens is pressed into the rotating inner ring through the polarization retainer and the polarization lens screw, and the polarization lens is fixed together; the polarization element is used for receiving an input light beam and outputting a transverse polarization light beam.

[0015] The polarization unit comprises an adjuster outer ring, a thrust needle bearing, a polarization lens retainer, a polarization lens, a polarization lens screw, a rotating inner ring, a threaded retainer, a stop screw, a rotating gear, a compression ring and an adjusting screw; the thrust needle bearing is arranged on both sides of the adjuster outer ring, is used for reducing the friction force between the threaded retainer and the adjuster outer ring, and simultaneously reduces the friction force between the threaded retainer and the adjuster outer ring; the polarization lens is pressed into the rotating inner ring through the polarization retainer and the polarization lens screw, and the polarization lens is fixed on the rotating inner ring through pre-tightening force; when the rotating inner ring rotates, the polarization lens rotates together; the stop screw is connected with the adjuster outer ring through threads, and when the rotating inner ring is rotated to the bottom, the stop screw is used for pressing the rotating inner ring and plays a role of stopping; the rotating gear is connected with the rotating inner ring through the compression ring.

[0016] The piezoelectric element generates elongation and shortening changes along with changes of an external electric field, and the elongation amount and the external voltage present a stable function relationship, the elongation of the piezoelectric element is controlled through the function relationship, and the elongation changes are converted into the rotating movement of the polarization piece through the mechanical transmission unit according to a certain transmission ratio.

[0017] The adjuster outer ring is fixed with the frame, and the thrust needle bearing is used for reducing the friction force when the frame and the inner ring rotate relative to each other and the friction force between the rotating inner ring and the threaded retainer.

[0018] The rotating inner ring is provided with the thrust needle bearing on both sides, and the thrust needle bearing plays a role of stable support.

[0019] The mechanical transmission unit is provided with a balance wheel, one end of the balance wheel is engaged with the rotating gear through a high-precision gear, and the transmission precision is high; the other end of the balance wheel is provided with a plane four-link mechanism, the elongation movement of the piezoelectric element can be converted into the rotating movement, and the length of the non-gear end of the balance wheel can be adjusted through the height-adjusting screw.

[0020] The mechanical transmission unit adjusts the height of the other end of the balance wheel through the height-adjusting screw, so that the swing length of the balance wheel is adjusted, according to the transmission principle, the transmission ratio is adjusted.

[0021] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The present application is based on the characteristics of small deformation of piezoelectric element (piezoelectric driver) on micro scale, and under certain function law of voltage signal, the elongation movement can be accurately controlled. Combined with the mechanical transmission principle of precision instrument, the linear motion is converted into rotary motion and the mechanical transmission ratio is continuously adjustable.

[0023] (2) Compared with the ordinary mechanical rotary motor drive adjustment mode or manual rotary adjustment, the designed piezoelectric element has compact structure, can meet high-precision adjustment under the premise of occupying smaller space, and the piezoelectric element has the characteristics of being more sensitive to voltage signal. Compared with the prior art, the precision is improved, the size is reduced, and the cost is greatly reduced.

[0024] (3) The designed laser displacement sensor can accurately capture the elongation movement of the piezoelectric element in real time, and can get feedback, further compensate the original signal, so as to realize closed-loop control.

[0025] In some optical devices, the polarization direction of light needs to be accurately controlled, generally by rotating manually or adjusting the angle of the polarizer by motor control, but for general motors, step form is often used, and it is difficult to accurately adjust by existing method. The present application utilizes the characteristics of piezoelectric ceramic components that change with the change of external electric field signal, converts the elongation movement into rotary motion through the transmission mechanism, and can realize the rotation of the polarizer of not more than 0.2 angular seconds; the input electric field form is controllable, the function relationship between elongation and time can be realized, and finally the influence of the rotary effect of light polarization on the light momentum equivalent effect is realized. The polarization controller can provide an economical and practical solution for subsequent micro-scale scientific research of light polarization in space-time field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1.1 It is a structural schematic view of a polarization regulator (front view).

[0027] Figure 1.2 It is a structural schematic view of a polarization regulator (isometric side view).

[0028] Figure 2.1 It is a structural schematic view of a polarization unit (cross-sectional view).

[0029] Figure 2.2 It is a structural schematic view of a polarization unit (isometric side view).

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of a planar four-bar mechanism of a polarization regulator.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of a piezoelectric driving unit.

[0032] In the diagram, the components are: 1. Polarization unit; 2. Planar four-bar linkage; 3. Piezoelectric element; 4. Laser displacement sensor; 5. Frame; 6. Height adjustment screw; 7. Signal generator; 8. Signal modulator; 9. Signal amplifier; 101. Regulator outer ring; 102. Thrust needle roller bearing; 103. Polarizing lens retaining ring; 104. Polarizing lens screw ring; 105. Rotating inner ring; 106. Threaded retaining ring; 107. Stop screw; 109. Rotating gear; 110. Pressure ring; 111. Adjusting screw; 112. Push rod; 201. Slider; 202. Balance wheel; 203. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] This invention provides a precision optical polarization controller based on piezoelectric materials. This controller inputs a regularly varying electrical signal to a piezoelectric element, which, upon receiving the signal, undergoes a predetermined spatiotemporal elongation change. The deformation of the piezoelectric element under an electric field is very small, generally not exceeding five-thousandths of its own size. Based on this principle, a precise control mechanism—a piezoelectric drive unit—serves as the power element. Through a precise transmission mechanism, it realizes the rotational movement of the polarizer, precisely controlling the polarized light and obtaining polarized light that varies according to a certain pattern. Manipulating polarized light in this way has many applications, such as in the optical tweezers effect, where the polarized light is changed according to a certain pattern to observe the motion of particles captured by optical momentum, and to study the inherent properties of light through this effect.

[0036] This invention utilizes the following mechanical principle to change the transmission ratio:

[0037] like Figure 1.1 As shown, the balance wheel 203 and the piezoelectric element 3 are fixed at one end, the rocker arm has a length H, an angular velocity ω1, and the distance ΔX that the piezoelectric element moves in time Δt satisfies the following relationship:

[0038]

[0039] The end of the rocker gear teeth engages with the radius R1, the angular velocity ω1, and the arc length S1 rotated in Δt time satisfies:

[0040]

[0041] The radius R2 of the polarizer rotating gear, the angular velocity ω2 of the polarizer rotation, and the arc length S2 rotated in Δt time satisfy:

[0042] Since the rocker gear teeth are externally engaged with the polarizer gear teeth, the arc length rotated in Δt time should satisfy S1=S2;

[0043] From (1), (2), and (3), we have:

[0044] The rotation angular velocity of the polarizer:

[0045]

[0046] When Δt→0, we have

[0047]

[0048] where v is the speed of the piezoelectric element vibration, which has a certain functional relationship with the input voltage signal V and time t, and can be allowed ; Therefore, equation (5) is the function relationship between the rotation angular velocity ω2 of the polarizer and the input voltage signal; by modulating the voltage signal V and changing the length of the rocker H, different rotation angular velocities can be obtained.

[0049] Referring to the accompanying drawings ( Figure 1.1 , Figure 1.2 , Figure 2.1 , Figure 2.2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 ), a precise light polarization controller based on piezoelectric material mainly includes three units: a piezoelectric driving unit, a mechanical transmission unit, and a polarization unit.

[0050] The polarization unit 1 comprises an adjuster outer ring 101, a thrust needle bearing 102, a polarization lens stop ring 103, a polarization lens 104, a polarization lens screw ring 105, a rotating inner ring 106, a threaded stop ring 107, a stop screw 109, a rotating gear 110, a compression ring 111, and an adjusting screw 112. The thrust needle bearing 102 is arranged on both sides of the adjuster outer ring 101, which can reduce the friction between the threaded stop ring 107 and the adjuster outer ring 101, and also can reduce the friction between the threaded stop ring 106 and the adjuster outer ring 101. The polarization lens 104 is pressed into the rotating inner ring 106 through the polarization stop ring 103 and the polarization lens screw ring 105, and is fixed on the rotating inner ring 103 by pre-tightening force. When the rotating inner ring 103 rotates, the polarization lens can rotate together. The stop screw 109 is connected with the adjuster outer ring 101 through threads, and can press the rotating inner ring 106 when rotating to the bottom, thereby playing a stop role. The rotating gear 110 is connected with the rotating inner ring 103 through the compression ring 111. The polarization unit is used for receiving an input light beam and outputting a transverse polarized light beam.

[0051] The piezoelectric driving unit comprises a signal generator 7, a signal modulator 8, a signal amplifier 9, a piezoelectric element 3, a laser displacement sensor 4, and a rack 5. The signal generator 7 sends a signal which is modulated by the signal modulator 8 into a signal changing according to a certain rule, and the control signal is amplified by the signal amplifier 9 and outputted to the piezoelectric element 3, so that the piezoelectric element generates an elongation movement according to the set rule. One end of the piezoelectric element 3 is fixed on the rack 5, and the other end is connected with the slider 202 of the mechanical transmission unit by a screw. The push rod 201 is fixed with the piezoelectric element 3, so that when the piezoelectric element 3 receives an external voltage, the push rod 201 is pushed to move. The laser displacement sensor 4 is used for feeding back the displacement of the piezoelectric element 3, and the rotation angle of the gear of the polarization unit is obtained according to the transmission ratio, and then the rotation angle of the polarization element is obtained.

[0052] The mechanical transmission unit comprises a planar four-bar mechanism 2 (a push rod 201, a slider 202, and a balance wheel 203) and a rotating gear 110. The push rod 201 is connected with the slider 202 through a precision pin shaft, so that when the push rod moves, the slider 202 is pushed to move. The slider 202 can slide at one end of the balance wheel 203, and then the balance wheel 203 is pushed to move. The balance wheel 203 is connected with the rack 5 through a precision pin shaft, and can rotate around the pin hole of the rack 5. Since the balance wheel 203 and the rotating gear 110 are engaged by high-precision gears, the movement can be transmitted to the rotating gear 110.

[0053] The rotating gear 110 and the compression washer 111 are in contact through a conical surface, and the pressure is applied by the tightness of the adjusting screw 112, which has two functions: 1. adjusting the friction between the conical surfaces; 2. being fixed with the rotating inner ring to transmit torque. The compression washer 111 is in frictional contact with the rotating gear 110, and the adjusting screw 112 is connected with the rotating inner ring 106 through threads, which has higher transmission accuracy than the common key connection. Since the balance wheel 203 is engaged with the rotating gear 110 and transmits motion to the rotating gear 110, the rotating gear 110 drives the compression washer 111 to rotate by friction, and the compression washer 111 drives the rotating inner ring 106 to rotate by the adjusting screw 112, and the rotating inner ring 106 drives the polarizing lens stopper 103, the polarizing lens 104 and the polarizing lens screw 105 to rotate together.

[0054] In summary, the transmission path of the precise light polarization controller is that the piezoelectric element 3 receives a voltage signal, and according to the piezoelectric effect, a length change in the length direction is generated. Further, the push rod 201 is driven to move, the movement of the push rod 201 drives the movement of the slider 202, and further causes the balance wheel 203 to swing. Since the balance wheel 203 is engaged with the rotating gear 110, the motion is transmitted to the rotating gear 110, the rotating gear 110 drives the compression washer 111 to rotate by friction, and the compression washer 111 drives the rotating inner ring 106 to rotate by the adjusting screw 112, and the rotating inner ring 106 drives the polarizing lens stopper 103, the polarizing lens 104 and the polarizing lens screw 105 to rotate together, finally converting the elongation motion of the piezoelectric element 3 into rotary motion.

[0055] The precise light polarization controller, the piezoelectric element 3 has a change in elongation and shortening with the change of the external applied electric field, and the elongation has a stable functional relationship with the external voltage, so that the elongation of the piezoelectric element is controlled by using the functional relationship, and the elongation change is converted into the rotary motion of the polarizing plate by the mechanical transmission unit according to a certain transmission ratio. The piezoelectric element can realize small deformation, simple control, and compared with many motor drives, it can greatly reduce the size and greatly save the cost.

[0056] The mechanical transmission unit of the precise light polarization controller, the polarizing lens screw 105 and the polarizing lens stopper 103 compress the polarizing lens 104 inside the rotating inner ring 106, wherein the rotating inner ring 106 is connected with the polarizing lens screw 105 through threads, and after assembly, they can rotate together with the rotating inner ring 106. The rotating gear 110 and the gear stopper are fixed by expanding friction through a conical structure, and the adjusting screw can adjust the tightness of the gear stopper and the rotating gear 110, and the torque on the rotating gear 110 is transmitted to the rotating inner ring 06. This method relies on friction transmission, and has higher transmission accuracy.

[0057] The precision light polarization controller, the polarization unit 1, the outer ring 101 of the adjuster is fixedly connected with the frame 5; the thrust needle bearing 102 can reduce the friction force between the frame 5 and the rotating inner ring 106 when rotating relative to each other and the friction force between the rotating inner ring 106 and the threaded retainer 107 (where the rotating inner ring 106 and the threaded retainer 107 are allowed to rotate relative to each other; the rotating inner ring 106 and the frame 5 have a certain gap and can rotate relative to each other). The thrust needle bearings 102 on both sides of the rotating inner ring 106 can play a role of stable support.

[0058] The precision light polarization controller, one end of the balance wheel 203 is meshed with the rotating gear 110 through a high-precision gear, and the transmission precision is high. The other end of the balance wheel adopts a planar four-bar mechanism 2, which can convert the elongation movement of the piezoelectric element 3 into a rotary movement, and the length of the non-gear end of the balance wheel can be adjusted by the height adjusting screw 6. The mechanical transmission unit can adjust the height of the other end of the balance wheel through the height adjusting screw, thereby adjusting the length of the balance wheel, and according to the transmission principle, the transmission ratio can be adjusted. The transmission ratio can be continuously adjusted.

[0059] The content of the embodiments of the present specification is only a list of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the protection scope of the present application should not be regarded as being limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments, and the protection scope of the present application also extends to equivalent technical means that can be thought of by those skilled in the art according to the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A precision optical polarization controller based on piezoelectric materials, characterized in that: Includes a piezoelectric drive unit, a mechanical transmission unit, and a polarization unit; The piezoelectric drive unit is used to cause the piezoelectric element to elongate according to the piezoelectric signal and to provide feedback on the rotation angle of the polarization element. The mechanical transmission unit is used to transmit the elongation motion output by the piezoelectric drive unit to the polarization unit; The polarization unit includes a polarization element; it is used to receive an input beam and output a transversely polarized beam. The piezoelectric drive unit includes a signal generator, a signal modulator, a signal amplifier, a piezoelectric element, a laser displacement sensor, and a frame. One end of the piezoelectric element is fixed to the frame via an adjustment screw, and the other end is connected to the slider of the mechanical transmission unit via a screw. The push rod is fixed to the piezoelectric element. Therefore, when the piezoelectric element receives an external voltage, it undergoes an elongation motion, which pushes the push rod to move. The laser displacement sensor is used to provide feedback on the displacement of the piezoelectric element. Based on the transmission ratio, the rotation angle of the gear in the polarization unit is obtained, and thus the rotation angle of the polarization element is obtained. The mechanical transmission unit includes a push rod, a slider, a balance wheel, a rotating gear, and a clamping washer. The adjusting screw is connected to the rotating inner ring via a thread. The mechanical transmission unit relies on the elongation motion of the piezoelectric element to provide power and drive the push rod to move. The movement of the push rod drives the movement of the slider, which in turn causes the balance wheel to oscillate. The balance wheel meshes with the rotating gear, transmitting the motion to the rotating gear. The rotating gear drives the clamping washer to rotate by friction. The clamping washer drives the rotating inner ring to rotate by the adjusting screw. The rotating inner ring drives the polarizing lens retainer ring, the polarizing lens, and the polarizing lens screw ring to rotate together, ultimately converting the elongation motion of the piezoelectric element into rotational motion. The polarization unit includes a polarization element, which includes a polarization lens retainer ring, a polarization lens, a polarization lens screw ring, and a rotating inner ring. The polarization lens is pressed into the rotating inner ring through the polarization lens retainer ring and the polarization lens screw ring, and fixed together. The polarization element is used to receive the input light beam and output a transversely polarized light beam.

2. The precision optical polarization controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarization unit includes an outer ring of the regulator, a thrust needle roller bearing, a polarizing lens retaining ring, a polarizing lens, a polarizing lens screw ring, a rotating inner ring, a threaded retaining ring, a stop screw, a rotating gear, a clamping ring, and an adjusting screw. The thrust needle roller bearing is placed on both sides of the outer ring of the regulator to reduce the friction between the threaded retaining ring and the outer ring of the regulator. The polarizing lens is pressed into the rotating inner ring through the polarizing lens retaining ring and the polarizing lens screw ring, and is fixed to the rotating inner ring by preload. When the rotating inner ring rotates, it drives the polarizing lens to rotate together. The stop screw is connected to the outer ring of the regulator through a thread, and when rotated to the bottom, it presses against the rotating inner ring to stop the action. The rotating gear is connected to the rotating inner ring through the clamping ring.

3. The precision optical polarization controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piezoelectric element elongates and shortens as the external electric field changes. Its elongation has a stable functional relationship with the external voltage. The elongation of the piezoelectric element is controlled by this functional relationship, and the elongation change is converted into the rotational motion of the polarizer by a mechanical transmission unit according to a certain transmission ratio.

4. The precision optical polarization controller according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer ring of the regulator is fixed to the frame; the thrust needle roller bearing is used to reduce the friction between the frame and the inner ring when they rotate relative to each other, as well as the friction between the rotating inner ring and the threaded retaining ring.

5. The precision optical polarization controller according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner rotating ring is supported by thrust needle roller bearings on both sides.

6. The precision optical polarization controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned mechanical transmission unit, one end of the balance wheel meshes with the rotating gear through a high-precision gear, resulting in high transmission accuracy; the other end of the balance wheel adopts a planar four-bar linkage, which can convert the elongation motion of the piezoelectric element into rotational motion, and the length of the non-gear end of the balance wheel can be adjusted by the height adjustment screw.

7. The precision optical polarization controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical transmission unit can adjust the height of the other end of the balance wheel by adjusting the height screw, thereby adjusting the length of the balance wheel and, according to the transmission principle, adjusting the transmission ratio.

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