Novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics, comprising: digitizing cultural relic fragments using a scanner; simulating the assembly of the fragments using scanning or design software and checking for seamless data connection; measuring curvature and assembling the fragments based on the cultural relic data; simulating the original cultural relic based on its restored position and designing an outer shell to enclose the fragments and a padding located on the upper inner side of the jar-shaped cultural relic, wherein the outer shell serves as the main load-bearing component and positioning grooves for positioning the cultural relic fragments are provided on both the outer shell and the padding; printing the outer shell, the padding, and the simulated lost fragments using 3D printing; and manually assembling and restoring the jar-shaped cultural relic fragments using the outer shell and the padding. This invention eliminates the need for any adhesives and allows for the replacement and aesthetic restoration of cultural relics with the support of transparent supports, enabling the display of the cultural relics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cultural relic restoration technology, specifically to a novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics. Background Technology

[0002] Cultural relic restoration refers to the use of physical and chemical methods to stabilize the damage to cultural relics, restore their original appearance, and maintain their long-term, stable existence. It is a crucial aspect of cultural relic protection. Traditional methods for restoring ceramic artifacts include steps such as matching, gluing, and patching. Matching involves matching adjacent fragments based on their shape, decoration, and fracture morphology to determine their relative positions on the artifact and to define the gluing sequence. Gluing involves using adhesives (mostly organic reagents) to firmly connect adjacent fragments, stabilizing the artifact as a whole. Patching involves using patching materials (such as plaster or epoxy resin) to fill in any remaining gaps after gluing, creating a unified whole. Cultural relic restoration adheres to the principles of minimal intervention, reversibility, and reprocessability, aiming to restore the authenticity and aesthetic value of the artifact. Traditional artifact restoration is essentially a process of weighing and balancing the authenticity and aesthetic value of artifacts with various restoration principles. The restoration of authenticity and aesthetic value inevitably involves significant intervention in the process: whether it's manual piecing together, gluing, or polishing and aging after repair, all these operations cause irreversible physical wear and tear on the artifact fragments. Furthermore, current gluing and repair materials still cannot meet the needs for significant reversibility and reprocessability in the restoration process—the difficulty in replacing aged adhesives and the indelible adhesive marks are current challenges for artifact conservationists. Therefore, how to maximize adherence to the three principles of artifact restoration while preserving authenticity and aesthetic value has become an urgent problem to be solved. This invention provides an important solution that can be extended to artifacts of the same shape made of materials other than ceramics, and can also be applied to more complex artifacts through a nested structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics, aiming to solve one of the technical problems: existing restoration methods have low fault tolerance and are not convenient for secondary restoration in the later stage.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, according to one aspect disclosed in this invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics includes:

[0006] S1: Use a scanner to collect data on artifact fragments, including the surface and cross-section of the artifact fragments;

[0007] S2: Use scanning or design software to simulate and piece together the fragments, and check for seamless data connection;

[0008] S3: Based on the artifact data, perform curvature measurements and assemble the fragments; including:

[0009] The largest fragment is placed in a fixed position as a base, and the other fragments are manually moved and pieced together in a preliminary manner to restore the appearance of the cultural relic.

[0010] The initial stitched data is fine-tuned, and point-to-point docking is performed using feature points in the 3D data, with precise displacement operations performed by a computer.

[0011] After stitching the data, a 3D data collision check is performed to mark the collision points. Then, fine-tuning of the angles and features is performed again, and the collision problem is checked to ensure that the fragment stitching is complete and accurate.

[0012] The method of simulating the curvature extension of cultural relic fragments is used to expand and repair the missing parts, and data of the missing parts to be replaced are simulated.

[0013] S4: Simulate the original artifact based on the restored position, and design an outer shell to wrap the fragments and a padding located on the upper part of the inner side of the jar-shaped artifact. The outer shell serves as the main load-bearing component. The outer shell and the padding are fixedly connected from the top of the jar-shaped artifact through connecting columns. Positioning grooves for positioning artifact fragments are provided on the outer shell and the padding.

[0014] S5: Print the outer shell, lining, and simulated missing parts using 3D printing; use the outer shell and lining to manually assemble and repair the fragments of the jar-shaped artifact.

[0015] To better realize the present invention, a further technical solution is:

[0016] Furthermore, in step S4, the jar-shaped artifact is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part of the artifact fragments is stabilized by the upper shell with padding and connecting pillars, while the lower part is stabilized by the lower shell.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper housing portion and the lower housing portion are connected by a pin.

[0018] Furthermore, the data acquisition accuracy in step S1 is ≤0.05mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the process of simulating the splicing of fragments in step S2 includes: importing all scan data of the cultural relic fragments, checking each data, repairing minor flaws and deleting scan interference data; then, based on one data, moving and adjusting all data, and manually resetting them to near their original positions.

[0020] Furthermore, step S2 includes aligning the scanned data.

[0021] Furthermore, the alignment of the scanned data in step S2 includes setting a parameter sampling ratio of 98% and performing overall feature matching calculation.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S2, the overall feature matching calculation is performed, and the number of repeated matching is set to 4-5 to improve the matching accuracy.

[0023] Furthermore, the data for simulating the lost fragments in step S3 includes: for data with cross sections, creating a cross section scan image and generating three-dimensional simulated artifact appearance data as a reference for repositioning; at the same time, for the missing parts, using the simulated data as a reference, performing a transition simulation with the original artifact data to ensure the curvature and transition surface of the original artifact, and then performing Boolean operations to simulate the data of the missing parts to fill in the missing fragments.

[0024] One of the advantages of this invention compared to the prior art is:

[0025] This invention presents a novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics, which offers the following advantages: 1) Minimal intervention: No adhesives are required. Theoretically, only one information acquisition of the cultural relic is needed before the relic can be repaired and aesthetically restored using this transparent support, enabling its museum display and maximizing adherence to the principle of minimal intervention in cultural relic protection and restoration. 2) Reversibility: Easy to disassemble, transport, and replace. Since no adhesives are used, stability between the relic fragments and the support is achieved solely through mechanical support and interlocking. Theoretically, the aged and worn support can be disassembled, assembled, and replaced an unlimited number of times without affecting the relic, maximizing adherence to the principle of remanufacturability in cultural relic protection and restoration. 3) Universality: The relic fragments are divided into upper and lower groups using a binary splitting method. The upper part uses padding and connecting columns supplemented by an outer shell for stability; the lower part is stabilized solely by the outer shell. This splitting method is universally applicable to jar-shaped objects and can be extended to more complex objects through nested structures, demonstrating the universal application potential of this type of support. 4) Safety. Combining finite element analysis calculations and three-dimensional design, the outer shell of the support only protects the artifact and its fragments. The actual stress is borne by the padding on the connecting column. The padding provides simple support for the upper part of the artifact fragments. The support padding and the outer shell will not compress the artifact or its fragments, thus avoiding stress concentration and maximizing the stability and safety of the artifact and its fragments. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for reference to some embodiments in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is an image of a jar-shaped artifact according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is an image of a jar-shaped artifact restored through data acquisition and simulation, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal fixing structure of an internal jar-shaped artifact according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0031] A novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics includes:

[0032] S1: Scanning cultural relics: Using a scanner to collect data on fragments of cultural relics, including the surface and cross-section of the fragments.

[0033] A scanner can be used to collect data from fragments of cultural relics, with a collection accuracy of ≤0.05mm.

[0034] The requirements are detailed: the surface and cross-section of the artifact fragments must be fully sampled without omission. Otherwise, the final accuracy of the assembly will be affected.

[0035] The scanning operation must be completely contactless. The scanned data is carefully verified to ensure that the fragment size is completely restored.

[0036] S2: Scattering Scanned Data: Simulate scattering of fragments using scanning or design software and check for seamless data connection.

[0037] The process of piecing together individual fragments involves importing all scanned data of the artifact fragments, inspecting each individual data point, repairing minor flaws, and deleting interfering scan data. Using one data point as a base, all data are moved and adjusted, and manually reset to near their original positions.

[0038] Align the scanned data, set the parameter sampling ratio to 98% (not 100% to avoid errors from small particles), perform overall feature matching calculation, and set the number of repeated matching to 4-5 to improve matching accuracy.

[0039] S3: Based on the artifact data, perform curvature measurements and piece together the fragment positions.

[0040] The process of piecing together fragments of cultural relics includes:

[0041] The largest fragment is placed in a fixed position as a base, and the other fragments are manually moved and pieced together in a preliminary manner to restore the appearance of the cultural relic.

[0042] The initial stitched data is fine-tuned, and point-to-point docking is performed using feature points in the 3D data, with precise displacement operations performed by a computer.

[0043] After stitching the data, a 3D data collision check is performed to mark the collision points. Then, fine-tuning of the angles and features is performed again, and the collision problem is checked to ensure that the fragment stitching is complete and accurate.

[0044] For the missing parts, a method simulating the curvature extension of artifact fragments is used to enlarge and repair the fragments, simulating the data of the missing fragments. For data with cross-sections, a cross-sectional scan image is created to generate 3D simulated artifact appearance data, which is used as a reference for repositioning. Simultaneously, for the missing parts, using the simulated data as a reference, a transition simulation is performed to splice and connect the missing parts with the original artifact data. After ensuring the curvature and transition surface of the original artifact, Boolean operations are performed to simulate the data of the missing fragments for replacement.

[0045] S4: Simulate the original artifact based on the restored position, and design an outer shell to wrap the fragments and a padding located on the upper part of the inner side of the jar-shaped artifact. The outer shell serves as the main load-bearing component. The outer shell and the padding are fixedly connected from the top of the jar-shaped artifact through connecting columns. Positioning grooves for positioning artifact fragments are provided on the outer shell and the padding.

[0046] The jar-shaped artifact is divided into two parts: the upper part is stabilized by padding and connecting columns, while the lower part is stabilized by the lower part of the outer shell.

[0047] The upper shell and the lower shell are connected by a pin to ensure the overall stability of the support.

[0048] Regarding the design of the casing:

[0049] Using the restored data, the outline of the jar-shaped artifact can be extracted as the attachment surface for the outer shell. Based on this attachment surface, a 3-5mm thick layer is extended outward as a reference. A continuous curve with curvature is established using the outline of the jar-shaped artifact as a reference to ensure that the outermost layer of the shell is smooth and allows light to pass through, thus ensuring good viewing. Finally, the outer shell is 3D printed into a transparent material.

[0050] The method of dividing jar-shaped artifacts into upper and lower parts can be adopted as a binary decomposition method. Specifically, the outline of the artifact is used as a reference line to calculate the division of the upper and lower parts of the outline, so as to ensure that there will be no problems with misalignment or inaccuracy during the assembly process.

[0051] The basic principle of binary decomposition method:

[0052] The splitting surface is selected at the part with the largest cross-sectional dimensions of the artifact.

[0053] The choice of split surface should aim to prevent the formation of side holes in the product and should avoid using complex structures.

[0054] The parting surface should be parallel to the ground. For special cultural relics, other shapes of parting surfaces may be used, but it is necessary to ensure that the direction of force transmission is perpendicular to the ground.

[0055] When there are protrusions or uneven surfaces in special parts of cultural relics that cause installation problems, a smooth transition can be designed to avoid situations that may cause the upper and lower parts to fail to close or become misaligned, while ensuring accurate positioning.

[0056] Internal fixed structure:

[0057] The external structure is the primary load-bearing component, with the top end cap serving as the connection point. Various fixing methods can be employed, including threaded or snap-fit ​​fastening. Depending on the location and extent of internal debris, point positioning, surface positioning, or overall positioning methods may be used. The design prioritizes ensuring that the internal support components only provide auxiliary positioning and do not apply pressure.

[0058] Location method:

[0059] Because the overall shell lacks precise positioning components, after the design scheme is completed, it is necessary to design the relative positioning of the shell components and the inner support components, and use positioning grooves, positioning accessories or feature markers to address the positioning of different cultural relics.

[0060] S5: Prepare the outer shell, lining, and missing parts by 3D printing; use the outer shell and lining to assemble and repair the fragments of the jar-shaped artifact by manual assembly.

[0061] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0062] In this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "embodiment," etc., refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same term in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is intended to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this invention.

[0063] Although the invention has been described herein with reference to several illustrative embodiments, it should be understood that many other modifications and implementations can be devised by those skilled in the art, which will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, various variations and modifications can be made to the components and / or layout of the subject matter combination within the scope of the disclosure and claims. Besides variations and modifications to the components and / or layout, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A novel digital restoration method for a pot-shaped cultural relic, characterized by include: S1: Use a scanner to collect data on the artifact fragments, including the surface and cross-section of the artifact fragments, and obtain point cloud data; S2: Use scanning or design software to simulate and piece together the fragments, and check for seamless data connection; S3: Based on the artifact data, perform curvature measurements and assemble the fragments; including: Using the largest fragment as a base, it is placed in a fixed position, and the other fragments are simulated by manual movement to initially piece them together and restore the appearance of the cultural relic. The initial stitched data is fine-tuned, and point-to-point docking is performed using feature points in the 3D data, with precise displacement operations performed by the computer. After stitching the data, a 3D data collision check is performed to mark the collision points. Then, fine-tuning of the angles and features is performed again, and the collision problem is checked to ensure that the fragment stitching is complete and accurate. The missing parts are repaired by simulating the curvature extension of cultural relic fragments to enlarge the fragments and simulate the data of the lost fragments; S4: Simulate the original artifact based on the restored position, and design an outer shell to wrap the fragments and a padding located on the upper part of the inner side of the jar-shaped artifact. The outer shell serves as the main load-bearing component. The outer shell and the padding are fixedly connected from the top of the jar-shaped artifact through connecting columns. Positioning grooves for positioning artifact fragments are provided on the outer shell and the padding. S5: Prepare the outer shell, padding, and missing parts by 3D printing; use the outer shell and padding to manually assemble and repair the fragments of the jar-shaped cultural relic; the outer shell is made of transparent material.

2. The novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that... In step S4, the jar-shaped artifact is divided into upper and lower parts according to the stress condition using the binary splitting method. The upper part of the artifact fragments is stabilized by the upper shell with padding and connecting columns, while the lower part is stabilized by the lower shell.

3. The novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics according to claim 2, characterized in that... The upper part of the outer shell and the lower part of the outer shell are connected by a pin.

4. The novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that... The data acquisition accuracy in step S1 is ≤0.05mm.

5. The novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that... The process of simulating the splicing of fragments in step S2 includes: importing all scan data of the cultural relic fragments, checking each data, repairing minor flaws and deleting scan interference data; then, based on one data, moving and adjusting all data, and manually resetting them to near their original positions.

6. The novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that... Step S2 includes aligning the scanned data.

7. The novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics according to claim 6, characterized in that... The alignment of the scanned data in step S2 includes setting a parameter sampling ratio of 98% and performing overall feature matching calculation.

8. The novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics according to claim 7, characterized in that... The overall feature matching calculation in step S2 is performed, and the number of repeated matching is set to 4-5 to improve the matching accuracy.

9. The novel digital restoration method for jar-shaped cultural relics according to claim 1, characterized in that... The data for simulating the lost fragments described in step S3 includes: for data with cross sections, creating a cross section scan image and generating three-dimensional simulated artifact appearance data as a reference for repositioning; at the same time, for the missing parts, using the simulated data as a reference, performing a transition simulation to splice with the original artifact data, ensuring the curvature and transition surface of the original artifact, and then performing Boolean operations to simulate the data for the missing parts to be replaced.

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