A tunnel restraining support structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel restraint support structure and a construction method thereof, which relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and includes: a support plate, a FRP strip is pasted on one side of the support plate; a corrugated plate, the corrugated plate is located on the other side of the support plate, and the corrugated plate is parallel to the support plate and arranged at intervals; a frame, the frame is rectangular, the frame includes four side plates connected end to end in sequence, and a filling port is arranged on the frame; a plurality of straight pipes, the straight pipes pass through the reserved holes on the support plate and the corrugated plate, and the straight pipes are respectively connected to the support plate and the corrugated plate; the straight pipes are used to pass through anchor rods or anchor cables; foam concrete, the foam concrete is filled in the space surrounded by the frame through the filling port; the support plate and the corrugated plate are both arranged in the frame and are respectively connected to the frame; the length direction of the corrugated plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the tunnel. The present invention can avoid the undulation phenomenon of the top plate and the two sides of the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to a tunnel restraint support structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the main energy source in my country, coal has played a vital role in economic and social development. my country's coal mining is mainly underground mining, and the focus of my country's coal development has quickly shifted to the western region, which is dominated by weakly cemented strata.

[0003] The western mining area has the characteristics of shallow coal seams, large thickness and new strata. The geological conditions of the coal-bearing strata are mainly weakly cemented strata of the Jurassic, Cretaceous and Paleogene periods, which greatly increase the difficulty and cost of supporting the roof / side of underground coal mine tunnels. The construction of the roof / side support of soft rock tunnels is difficult, the roof is severely deformed and easy to become unstable. The existing "anchor mesh spraying" combined support method is a common support method for tunnels in my country, and once achieved good support results. However, with the promotion of application, many shortcomings have gradually been exposed: insufficient support strength, low cost performance, low working resistance, unreasonable force structure, etc., especially soft rock tunnels have put forward higher requirements for support strength. Impact ground pressure seriously damages the tunnel, instantly shrinks the tunnel section, damages the support, and in severe cases, closes the tunnel. The support of soft rock tunnels / impact tunnels becomes more and more difficult with the increase of coal mining depth. It is urgent to find and study controllable deformation support technology to solve practical engineering problems.

[0004] In response to the above problems, people have been trying new ideas, new materials and new technologies. Among them, the corrugated steel web-corrugated steel plate composite beam and its construction method can solve the problems of the existing corrugated steel web concrete composite beam being difficult to construct and the upper flange concrete slab being prone to cracking under the action of positive bending moment. However, it cannot solve the problem of the undulation of the tunnel roof / two sides, which has caused certain difficulties for the promotion and application of this type of structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel restraining support structure and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and avoid the undulation phenomenon of the top plate and the two sides of the tunnel.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a tunnel restraining support structure, comprising:

[0008] A support plate, one side of which is attached with an FRP strip;

[0009] A corrugated plate, the corrugated plate is located on the other side of the support plate, and the corrugated plate is parallel to the support plate and spaced apart;

[0010] A frame body, the frame body is rectangular, the frame body comprises four side panels connected end to end in sequence, and the frame body is provided with a filling port;

[0011] A plurality of straight tubes, the straight tubes passing through the reserved holes on the support plate and the corrugated plate, and the straight tubes are respectively fixedly connected to the support plate and the corrugated plate; the straight tubes are used to pass through anchor rods or anchor cables;

[0012] Foamed concrete, the foamed concrete is filled into the space enclosed by the frame through the filling port;

[0013] The support plate and the corrugated plate are both arranged in the frame and are respectively connected to the frame;

[0014] The tunnel restraining support structure is arranged on the top plate and both sides of the tunnel, and the support plate is closer to the center of the tunnel than the corrugated plate; the tunnel restraining support structure is tightly connected to the rock mass on the top or both sides of the tunnel through anchor rods and / or anchor cables; the length direction of the corrugated plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the tunnel.

[0015] Preferably, the corrugations of the corrugated plate are dense in the middle and sparse at both ends.

[0016] Preferably, the support plate, the corrugated plate, the side plate and the straight tube are all made of steel.

[0017] Preferably, one of the four side panels of the frame body is removable, and all the filling ports are arranged on the removable side panel.

[0018] Preferably, the FRP strip is pasted on the support plate in a folding manner, and the folding pasting means that the FRP strip has a folded portion.

[0019] Preferably, the inner diameter of the straight tube is larger than the diameters of the anchor rod and the anchor cable.

[0020] Preferably, the support plate and the corrugated plate are connected to the frame through connecting buckles, and the straight tube is welded to the support plate and the corrugated plate respectively.

[0021] The present invention also provides a construction method of the above-mentioned tunnel restraining support structure, comprising the following steps:

[0022] (1) Prefabricating a main body, the main body comprising a support plate, a corrugated plate, a frame and a straight tube; comprising the following steps:

[0023] 1) placing the corrugated plate on the support plate, and pasting the FRP strip on the lower side of the support plate in a folded manner;

[0024] 2) Pre-set holes are arranged on the support plate and the corrugated plate, and the number and position of the pre-set holes are determined according to the support design of the tunnel;

[0025] 3) Installing a straight pipe on the reserved hole set in step 2), wherein the same straight pipe passes through both the reserved hole on the support plate and the reserved hole on the corrugated plate;

[0026] 4) placing the corrugated plate and the support plate in the frame, and connecting the corrugated plate and the support plate to the frame respectively;

[0027] (2) transporting the prefabricated main body to an underground tunnel;

[0028] (3) Aligning the holes of all the straight pipes on the main body with the anchor holes and anchor cable holes drilled on the roof and two sides of the tunnel; then installing the anchor rods and anchor cables on the roof and two sides of the tunnel; then installing the trays for the anchor rods and anchor cables and applying pre-tightening force to the anchor rods / anchor cables through nuts;

[0029] (4) filling the space enclosed by the frame with foam concrete through a filling port on the frame;

[0030] (5) After installing the support structure in the excavated tunnel, repeat steps (3)-(4) in the newly excavated tunnel until all tunnel support work is completed.

[0031] Preferably, one of the four side panels of the frame is removable, and all the filling ports are arranged on the removable side panel; after the foam concrete is filled and solidified in step (4), the removable side panel is removed.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0033] The tunnel restraint support structure and construction method of the present invention can avoid the undulation of the tunnel roof and sides. The present invention solves the problem of uneven tunnel roof / sides by filling with foam concrete to fit tightly with the tunnel roof / sides, effectively improves the flatness of the tunnel roof / sides, and reduces ventilation resistance; by prefabricating the main body of the tunnel roof / sides support structure on the ground and then transporting it to the underground, the impact of small underground working space and difficult equipment scheduling can be reduced;

[0034] The present invention is suitable for supporting the roof and sides of soft rock tunnels / impact tunnels, has the advantages of fast construction speed and simple operation, and has a good supporting effect when large deformation occurs in the roof and sides of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tunnel restraining support structure of the present invention supporting the top plate and two sides of the tunnel;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tunnel restraining support structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A flow chart of a construction method of a tunnel restraining support structure of the present invention;

[0039] Among them, 1. tunnel; 2. corrugated plate; 3. support plate; 4. FRP strip; 5. foam concrete; 6. anchor rod; 7. anchor cable; 8. support structure; 9. straight pipe; 10. frame; 11. removable baffle; 12. filling port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel restraining support structure and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and avoid the undulation phenomenon of the top plate and the two sides of the tunnel.

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a tunnel restraining support structure, including a support plate 3, a corrugated plate 2, a frame 10, foam concrete 5 and a plurality of straight pipes 9.

[0045] Among them, a FRP strip 4 is pasted on one side of the support plate 3; the corrugated plate 2 is located on the other side of the support plate 3, and the corrugated plate 2 is parallel to the support plate 3 and arranged at intervals; the frame 10 is rectangular, and the frame 10 includes four side plates connected end to end in sequence, and a filling port 12 is provided on the frame 10; the straight pipe 9 passes through the reserved holes on the support plate 3 and the corrugated plate 2, and the straight pipe 9 is respectively fixed to the support plate 3 and the corrugated plate 2; the straight pipe 9 is used to pass through the anchor rod 6 or the anchor cable 7;

[0046] Foam concrete 5, the foam concrete 5 is filled into the space enclosed by the frame 10 through the filling port 12; the foam concrete 5 has pressure-yielding properties, can fit tightly with the top plate and the two sides of the tunnel 1, and will break synchronously when the top plate and the two sides of the tunnel 1 are greatly deformed to release energy. The support plate 3 is used to support the corrugated plate 2 and the foam concrete 5, and the FRP strip 4 has excellent tensile properties. The support structure 8 and the FRP strip 4 move in coordination in space. After the support plate 3 loses its effectiveness, the FRP strip 4 can still provide certain constraints and support for the support structure 8. In this embodiment, the FRP strip 4 is folded and pasted on the support plate 3. Folding pasting means that the FRP strip 4 has a folded part. When the support structure 8 is deformed, the FRP strip 4 that was originally in a folded state is gradually stretched and exposed.

[0047] The support plate 3 and the corrugated plate 2 are both arranged in the frame 10 and connected to the frame 10 respectively; the support plate 3 and the corrugated plate 2 are connected to the frame 10 through connecting buckles, and the straight tube 9 is welded to the support plate 3 and the corrugated plate 2 respectively.

[0048] The tunnel restraining support structure is arranged on the top plate and both sides of the tunnel 1, and the support plate 3 is closer to the center of the tunnel 1 than the corrugated plate 2; the tunnel restraining support structure is tightly connected to the rock mass on the top or both sides of the tunnel 1 through anchor rods 6 and / or anchor cables 7.

[0049] In this embodiment, the support plate 3, the corrugated plate 2, the side plate and the straight tube 9 are all made of steel; the length direction of the corrugated plate 2 is perpendicular to the length direction of the tunnel 1. When the top plate / two sides of the tunnel 1 are deformed, the corrugated plate 2 can extend and deform along the length direction of the corrugated plate 2, and has a controllable pressure-yielding support effect. The corrugations of the corrugated plate 2 are dense in the middle and sparse at both ends, which is used to solve the problem of large deformation in the middle part of the top plate / two sides of the tunnel 1.

[0050] One of the four side panels of the frame 10 can be removed, and the side panel that can be removed is the removable baffle 11, and all the filling ports 12 are arranged on the removable baffle 11. The function of the frame 10 is to close the supporting structure 8; the removable baffle 11 is used to constrain the filled foam concrete 5, and can be removed and reused after the foam concrete 5 solidifies.

[0051] The inner diameter of the straight tube 9 is larger than the diameters of the anchor rod 6 and the anchor cable 7, so as to prevent the internal structure of the support plate from being damaged when the anchor rod 6 and the anchor cable 7 are driven.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a construction method of a tunnel restraining support structure, comprising the following steps:

[0054] (1) Prefabricate the main body, which includes a support plate 3, a corrugated plate 2, a frame 10 and a straight tube 9; including the following steps:

[0055] 1) Place the corrugated plate 2 on the support plate 3, and fold and paste the FRP strip 4 on the lower side of the support plate 3;

[0056] 2) Pre-set holes are set on the support plate 3 and the corrugated plate 2, and the number and position of the pre-set holes are determined according to the support design of the tunnel 1;

[0057] 3) Install a straight tube 9 on the reserved hole set in step 2), and the same straight tube 9 passes through both the reserved hole on the support plate 3 and the reserved hole on the corrugated plate 2;

[0058] 4) placing the corrugated plate 2 and the support plate 3 in the frame 10, and connecting the corrugated plate 2 and the support plate 3 to the frame 10 respectively;

[0059] Prefabricating the main body of the support structure 8 on the ground can reduce the impact of small underground working space and complicated equipment scheduling;

[0060] (2) transporting the prefabricated main body to the underground tunnel 1;

[0061] (3) Align the holes of all straight pipes 9 on the main body with the holes of anchor rods 6 and anchor cables 7 drilled on the roof and two sides of the tunnel 1; then install the straight pipes 9 on the roof and two sides of the tunnel 1. Then install the trays of anchor rods 6 and anchor cables 7 and apply pre-tightening force to the anchor rods 6 / anchor cables 7 through nuts;

[0062] (4) The foam concrete 5 is filled into the space enclosed by the frame 10 through the filling port 12 on the frame 10; after the foam concrete 5 is filled and solidified, the detachable baffle 11 is removed to facilitate subsequent reuse.

[0063] (5) After installing the support structure 8 in the excavated tunnel 1, repeat steps (3)-(4) in the newly excavated tunnel 1 until the support work of all tunnels 1 is completed.

[0064] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel restraint support structure, characterized in that: include: A support plate, one side of which is attached with an FRP strip; A corrugated plate, the corrugated plate is located on the other side of the support plate, and the corrugated plate is parallel to the support plate and spaced apart; A frame body, the frame body is rectangular, the frame body comprises four side panels connected end to end in sequence, and the frame body is provided with a filling port; A plurality of straight tubes, the straight tubes passing through the reserved holes on the support plate and the corrugated plate, and the straight tubes are respectively fixedly connected to the support plate and the corrugated plate; the straight tubes are used to pass through anchor rods or anchor cables; Foamed concrete, the foamed concrete is filled into the space enclosed by the frame through the filling port; The support plate and the corrugated plate are both arranged in the frame and are respectively connected to the frame; The tunnel restraining support structure is arranged on the top plate and both sides of the tunnel, and the support plate is closer to the center of the tunnel than the corrugated plate; the tunnel restraining support structure is tightly connected to the rock mass on the top or both sides of the tunnel through anchor rods and / or anchor cables; the length direction of the corrugated plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the tunnel.

2. The tunnel restraining support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The corrugations of the corrugated plate are dense in the middle and sparse at both ends.

3. The tunnel restraining support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support plate, the corrugated plate, the side plate and the straight pipe are all made of steel.

4. The tunnel restraining support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One of the four side panels of the frame body is removable, and all the filling ports are arranged on the removable side panel.

5. The tunnel restraining support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The FRP strip is attached to the support plate in a folding manner, and the folding attachment means that the FRP strip has a folded portion.

6. The tunnel restraining support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the straight tube is greater than the diameters of the anchor rod and the anchor cable.

7. The tunnel restraining support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support plate and the corrugated plate are connected to the frame through connecting buckles, and the straight tubes are welded to the support plate and the corrugated plate respectively.

8. A construction method for a tunnel restraining support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Prefabricating a main body, the main body comprising a support plate, a corrugated plate, a frame and a straight tube; comprising the following steps: 1) placing the corrugated plate on the support plate, and pasting the FRP strip on the lower side of the support plate in a folded manner; 2) Pre-set holes are arranged on the support plate and the corrugated plate, and the number and position of the pre-set holes are determined according to the support design of the tunnel; 3) Installing a straight pipe on the reserved hole set in step 2), wherein the same straight pipe passes through both the reserved hole on the support plate and the reserved hole on the corrugated plate; 4) placing the corrugated plate and the support plate in the frame, and connecting the corrugated plate and the support plate to the frame respectively; (2) transporting the prefabricated main body to an underground tunnel; (3) Aligning the holes of all the straight pipes on the main body with the anchor holes and anchor cable holes drilled on the roof and two sides of the tunnel; then installing the anchor rods and anchor cables on the roof and two sides of the tunnel; then installing the trays for the anchor rods and anchor cables and applying pre-tightening force to the anchor rods / anchor cables through nuts; (4) filling the space enclosed by the frame with foam concrete through a filling port on the frame; (5) After installing the support structure in the excavated tunnel, repeat steps (3)-(4) in the newly excavated tunnel until all tunnel support work is completed.

9. The construction method of the tunnel restraining support structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: One of the four side panels of the frame is removable, and all the filling ports are arranged on the removable side panel; after the foam concrete is filled and solidified in step (4), the removable side panel is removed.

Images