A fuel cell stack manifold gas distribution test system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of fuel cell stack manifold gas distribution test system, the system includes anode system, cathode system and waterway system;The anode system or cathode system includes the gas inlet system, flow distribution tee valve, inlet stack humidity sensor, inlet stack manifold and pressure detection system, outlet stack manifold and pressure detection system, outlet stack manifold and flow detection system, exhaust cooling plate exchange, back pressure valve and water vapor separation tank connected in sequence;The waterway system includes water tank, water pump, inlet stack temperature flow sensor, inlet stack manifold and pressure detection system, outlet stack manifold and pressure detection system, outlet stack manifold and flow detection system and heater connected in sequence.Compared with prior art, the present application can realize the various working condition simulation of the gas path manifold of stack under different flow, temperature, humidity, pressure, achieve manifold distribution characteristic analysis, realize the various working condition simulation of the water path manifold under different flow, temperature, pressure, achieve manifold distribution characteristic analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fuel cell technology and relates to a fuel cell stack manifold gas distribution test system. Background Technology

[0002] As a novel green power source, fuel cell engines are gradually becoming a key focus of on-board engine research and development due to their high efficiency and low emissions. Fuel cell engines provide load-based output, offering good controllability for the entire vehicle; simultaneously, their energy output is electrical, simplifying the transmission and speed control structures of traditional automobiles. With the increasing use of fuel cells in heavy-duty trucks and buses, the overall power demand for fuel cells is growing, and single-stacking systems can no longer meet the overall usage requirements. However, parallel testing of multiple fuel cell stacks necessitates analysis of the manifold distribution characteristics of hydrogen, air, and circulating water. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a fuel cell stack manifold gas distribution test system. This invention can simulate various operating conditions of the fuel cell stack gas manifold under different flow rates, temperatures, humidity, and pressures, and achieve manifold distribution characteristic analysis. It can also simulate various operating conditions of the fuel cell stack water manifold under different flow rates, temperatures, and pressures, and achieve manifold distribution characteristic analysis.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell stack manifold gas distribution test system, which includes an anode system, a cathode system and a water system;

[0006] The anode system includes, in sequence, an anode inlet gas system, an anode flow distribution three-way valve, an anode inlet temperature and humidity sensor, an anode inlet manifold and pressure detection system, an anode outlet manifold and pressure detection system, an anode outlet manifold and flow detection system, an anode tail exhaust cooling heat exchanger, an anode back pressure valve, and an anode water vapor separator. One outlet of the anode flow distribution three-way valve is connected to the anode inlet temperature and humidity sensor, and the other outlet is connected to the anode inlet temperature and humidity sensor via the anode humidification system to mix dry and wet gases.

[0007] The cathode system includes, in sequence, a cathode inlet gas system, a cathode flow distribution three-way valve, a cathode inlet temperature and humidity sensor, a cathode inlet manifold and pressure detection system, a cathode outlet manifold and pressure detection system, a cathode outlet manifold and flow detection system, a cathode tail exhaust cooling heat exchanger, a cathode back pressure valve, and a cathode water vapor separator. One outlet of the cathode flow distribution three-way valve is connected to the cathode inlet temperature and humidity sensor, and the other outlet is connected to the cathode inlet temperature and humidity sensor via a cathode humidification system to mix dry and wet gases.

[0008] The water system includes a circulating water tank, a circulating water pump, a water inlet temperature and flow sensor, a water inlet manifold and pressure detection system, a water outlet manifold and pressure detection system, a water outlet manifold and flow detection system, and a water heater, all connected in sequence. The circulating water tank is connected to a water back pressure valve, and the water heater is connected to the circulating water tank.

[0009] The anode feed manifold and pressure detection system are connected to the anode output manifold and pressure detection system, the cathode feed manifold and pressure detection system are connected to the cathode output manifold and pressure detection system, and the water feed manifold and pressure detection system are connected to the water output manifold and pressure detection system.

[0010] Furthermore, the hydrogen at the front end of the anode intake system is supplied by a hydrogen main pipeline, including a hydrogen delivery pipe and a pressure reducing valve, filter, solenoid valve and mass flow controller installed on the hydrogen delivery pipe for overall hydrogen filtration, switching and flow control.

[0011] The aforementioned anode flow distribution three-way valve is used to control the flow rate of hydrogen dry gas and the humidification tank, thereby achieving precise control of temperature and humidity.

[0012] Furthermore, the anode humidification system includes a humidification tank, a humidification tank circulating water pipeline, and a variable frequency water pump, a variable frequency water pump outlet pressure sensor, a heater, a plate heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, and a plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve installed on the humidification tank circulating water pipeline, for controlling the humidity of the gas entering the humidification tank.

[0013] The aforementioned anode feed temperature and humidity sensor detects the humidity and temperature of the hydrogen gas fed into the anode.

[0014] Furthermore, the anode feed manifold and pressure detection system includes evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the gas pressure of each manifold.

[0015] The anode discharge manifold and pressure detection system includes evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the pressure of each manifold discharge.

[0016] The anode outlet manifold and flow detection system includes evenly distributed pipelines and flow meters on the pipelines for detecting the flow rate of each manifold outlet.

[0017] The anode tail exhaust cooling plate heat exchanger includes a plate heat exchanger and corresponding pipelines. The hot side of the plate heat exchanger is hydrogen gas from the fuel cell outlet, and the cold side cooling water is provided by the laboratory cooling water main pipeline. It is used to cool the high temperature and high humidity hydrogen gas in the tail exhaust, protect the back pressure valve at the rear end, and reduce the tail exhaust water entering the laboratory pipeline.

[0018] The anode back pressure valve is used to control the overall pipeline pressure.

[0019] Furthermore, the anode water vapor separator and the cathode water vapor separator are equipped with level sensors, solenoid valves, ball valves and corresponding pipelines for collecting and discharging liquid water from the entire pipeline.

[0020] Furthermore, the air at the front end of the cathode air intake system is supplied by the main air pipeline, which includes an air delivery pipe and a pressure reducing valve, filter, solenoid valve and mass flow controller installed on the air delivery pipe for overall air filtration, switching and flow control.

[0021] The cathode flow distribution three-way valve is used to control the flow of dry air and the flow into the humidifier tank, thereby achieving precise control of temperature and humidity.

[0022] Furthermore, the cathode humidification system includes a humidification tank, a humidification tank circulating water pipeline, and a variable frequency water pump, a variable frequency water pump outlet pressure sensor, a heater, a plate heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, and a plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve installed on the humidification tank circulating water pipeline, for controlling the humidity of the gas entering the humidification tank.

[0023] The cathode feed temperature and humidity sensor detects the humidity and temperature of the air fed into the cathode.

[0024] Furthermore, the cathode feed manifold and pressure detection system includes evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the gas pressure of each manifold.

[0025] The cathode outlet manifold and pressure detection system includes evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the pressure exiting each manifold.

[0026] The cathode outlet manifold and flow detection system includes evenly distributed pipelines and flow meters on the pipelines for detecting the flow rate of each manifold outlet.

[0027] The cathode tail exhaust cooling plate heat exchanger includes a plate heat exchanger and corresponding pipelines. The hot side of the plate heat exchanger is the fuel cell outlet air, and the cold side cooling water is provided by the laboratory cooling water main pipeline. It is used to cool the high temperature and high humidity air in the tail exhaust, protect the back pressure valve at the rear end, and reduce the tail exhaust water entering the laboratory pipeline.

[0028] The cathode back pressure valve is used to control the overall pipeline pressure.

[0029] Furthermore, the circulating water tank is equipped with an inlet filter, a solenoid valve, and a level sensor for replenishing and storing water in the overall circulating water system.

[0030] The water circuit back pressure valve is used to provide pressurization to the closed loop of the circulating water circuit.

[0031] The circulating water pump is used to control the flow rate of the entire circulating water circuit.

[0032] The aforementioned water inlet temperature and flow sensor is used to detect the temperature and flow rate of the inlet water.

[0033] Furthermore, the water inlet manifold and pressure detection system includes evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the water pressure of each manifold.

[0034] The water outlet manifold and pressure detection system includes evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the pressure of each manifold outlet.

[0035] The water outlet manifold and flow detection system includes evenly distributed pipelines and flow meters on the pipelines for detecting the flow rate of each manifold outlet.

[0036] The water heater is used to control the water temperature.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] (1) The water vapor separator of the present invention includes a gas tail discharge liquid water collection function to protect the laboratory pipeline;

[0039] (2) The anode system and cathode system of the present invention have gas flow rate, pressure, temperature and humidity control functions;

[0040] (3) The water system of the present invention has the functions of controlling the flow rate, pressure and temperature of circulating water. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell stack manifold gas distribution test system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0043] 1—Anode intake system; 2—Anode flow distribution three-way valve; 3—Anode humidification system; 4—Anode inlet temperature and humidity sensor; 5—Anode inlet manifold and pressure detection system; 6—Anode outlet manifold and pressure detection system; 7—Anode outlet manifold and flow detection system; 8—Anode tailpipe cooling heat exchanger; 9—Anode back pressure valve; 10—Anode water vapor separator; 11—Cathode intake system; 12—Cathode flow distribution three-way valve; 13—Cathode humidification system; 14—Cathode inlet temperature and humidity sensor; 15—Cathode inlet manifold and pressure detection system. System, 16—Cathode outlet manifold and pressure detection system, 17—Cathode outlet manifold and flow detection system, 18—Cathode tail cooling plate heat exchanger, 19—Cathode back pressure valve, 20—Cathode water vapor separator, 21—Circulating water tank, 22—Water back pressure valve, 23—Circulating water pump, 24—Water inlet temperature and flow sensor, 25—Water inlet manifold and pressure detection system, 26—Water outlet manifold and pressure detection system, 27—Water outlet manifold and flow detection system, 28—Water heater, 29—Fuel cell stack. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] Example:

[0048] A fuel cell stack manifold gas distribution testing system, such as Figure 1As shown, it consists of an anode system, a cathode system, and a water system;

[0049] The anode system includes, in sequence, an anode inlet gas system 1, an anode flow distribution three-way valve 2, an anode inlet temperature and humidity sensor 4, an anode inlet manifold and pressure detection system 5, an anode outlet manifold and pressure detection system 6, an anode outlet manifold and flow detection system 7, an anode tail exhaust cooling plate heat exchanger 8, an anode back pressure valve 9, and an anode water vapor separator 10. The inlet end of the anode humidification system 3 is connected to one outlet end of the anode flow distribution three-way valve 2, and the outlet end of the anode humidification system 3 and the other outlet end of the anode flow distribution three-way valve 2 are connected together to the anode inlet temperature and humidity sensor 4 for mixing dry and wet gases.

[0050] The cathode system includes a cathode inlet system 11, a cathode flow distribution three-way valve 12, a cathode inlet temperature and humidity sensor 14, a cathode inlet manifold and pressure detection system 15, a cathode outlet manifold and pressure detection system 16, a cathode outlet manifold and flow detection system 17, a cathode tail exhaust cooling plate heat exchanger 18, a cathode back pressure valve 19, and a cathode water vapor separator 20, connected in sequence. The inlet of the cathode humidification system 13 is connected to one outlet of the cathode flow distribution three-way valve 12, and the outlet of the cathode humidification system 13 and the other outlet of the cathode flow distribution three-way valve 12 are connected to the cathode inlet temperature and humidity sensor 14 to mix dry and wet gases.

[0051] The water system includes a circulating water tank 21, a circulating water pump 23, a water inlet temperature and flow sensor 24, a water inlet manifold and pressure detection system 25, a water outlet manifold and pressure detection system 26, a water outlet manifold and flow detection system 27, and a water heater 28 connected in sequence. A water back pressure valve 22 is connected to the circulating water tank 21, and a water heater 28 is connected to the circulating water tank 21.

[0052] The fuel cell stack 29 is connected between the anode feed manifold and pressure detection system 5 and the anode output manifold and pressure detection system 6, between the cathode feed manifold and pressure detection system 15 and the cathode output manifold and pressure detection system 16, and between the water feed manifold and pressure detection system 25 and the water output manifold and pressure detection system 26.

[0053] The hydrogen at the front end of the anode inlet system 1 is supplied by the laboratory hydrogen main pipeline, including a hydrogen delivery pipe and a pressure reducing valve, filter, solenoid valve and mass flow controller installed on the hydrogen delivery pipe for overall hydrogen filtration, switching and flow control;

[0054] The anode flow distribution three-way valve 2 is used to control the flow of hydrogen dry gas and into the humidification tank, so as to achieve precise control of temperature and humidity;

[0055] The anode humidification system 3 includes a humidification tank, a humidification tank circulating water pipeline, and a variable frequency water pump, a variable frequency water pump outlet pressure sensor, a heater, a plate heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, and a plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve installed on the humidification tank circulating water pipeline, which are used to control the humidity of the gas entering the humidification tank.

[0056] Anode feed temperature and humidity sensor 4 detects the humidity and temperature of hydrogen gas fed into the anode.

[0057] The anode feed manifold and pressure detection system 5 includes three evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the gas pressure in each manifold.

[0058] The anode outlet manifold and pressure detection system 6 includes three evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the pressure at the outlet of each manifold.

[0059] The anode outlet manifold and flow detection system 7 includes three evenly distributed pipelines and flow meters on the pipelines, used to detect the flow rate of each manifold outlet.

[0060] The anode tail exhaust cooling plate heat exchanger 8 includes a plate heat exchanger and corresponding pipelines. The hot side of the plate heat exchanger is hydrogen gas from the fuel cell outlet, and the cold side cooling water is provided by the laboratory cooling water main pipeline. It is used to cool the high temperature and high humidity hydrogen gas in the tail exhaust, protect the back pressure valve at the rear end, and reduce the tail exhaust water entering the laboratory pipeline.

[0061] Anode back pressure valve 9 is used to control the overall pipeline pressure;

[0062] The anode water vapor separator 10 also includes a level sensor, a solenoid valve, a ball valve, and corresponding pipelines for collecting and discharging liquid water from the entire pipeline.

[0063] The front-end air of the cathode intake system 11 is supplied by the laboratory air main pipeline, which includes an air delivery pipe and a pressure reducing valve, filter, solenoid valve and mass flow controller installed on the air delivery pipe for overall air filtration, switching and flow control;

[0064] The cathode flow distribution three-way valve 12 is used to control the flow of dry air and into the humidifier tank, so as to achieve precise control of temperature and humidity;

[0065] The cathode humidification system 13 includes a humidification tank, a humidification tank circulating water pipeline, and a variable frequency water pump, a variable frequency water pump outlet pressure sensor, a heater, a plate heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, and a plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve installed on the humidification tank circulating water pipeline, which are used to control the humidity of the gas entering the humidification tank.

[0066] The cathode feed temperature and humidity sensor 14 detects the humidity and temperature of the cathode feed air.

[0067] The cathode feed manifold and pressure detection system 15 includes three evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the gas pressure of each manifold.

[0068] The cathode outlet manifold and pressure detection system 16 includes three evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the pressure exiting each manifold.

[0069] The cathode outlet manifold and flow detection system 17 includes three evenly distributed pipelines and flow meters on the pipelines for detecting the flow rate of each manifold outlet.

[0070] The cathode tail exhaust cooling plate heat exchanger 18 includes a plate heat exchanger and corresponding pipelines. The hot side of the plate heat exchanger is the fuel cell outlet air, and the cold side cooling water is provided by the laboratory cooling water main pipeline. It is used to cool the high temperature and high humidity air in the tail exhaust, protect the back pressure valve at the rear end, and reduce the tail exhaust water entering the laboratory pipeline.

[0071] The cathode back pressure valve 19 is used to control the overall pipeline pressure;

[0072] The cathode water vapor separator 20 also includes a level sensor, a solenoid valve, a ball valve, and corresponding pipelines for collecting and discharging liquid water from the entire pipeline.

[0073] The circulating water tank 21 includes an inlet filter, a solenoid valve, and a level sensor, and is used for water replenishment and storage in the overall circulating water system.

[0074] Water back pressure valve 22 is used to provide pressurization to the closed loop of the circulating water circuit;

[0075] The circulating water pump 23 is used to control the flow rate of the entire circulating water circuit;

[0076] The water inlet temperature and flow sensor 24 is used to detect the temperature and flow rate of the inlet water.

[0077] The water inlet manifold and pressure detection system 25 includes three evenly distributed pipes and pressure sensors on the pipes for detecting the water pressure in each manifold.

[0078] The water outlet manifold and pressure detection system 26 includes three evenly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the pressure of each manifold outlet.

[0079] The water outlet manifold and flow detection system 27 includes three evenly distributed pipes and flow meters on the pipes, used to detect the flow rate of each manifold outlet.

[0080] Water heater 28 is used to control water temperature.

[0081] All control parameters for the gas path include flow rate, temperature, humidity, and pressure. Here, the flow rate is controlled as mass flow rate (unit: NLPM, 0℃, 101.3kPa). Manifold losses vary at different flow rates. Different humidity levels (at dew point temperature) result in different amounts of water vapor in the gas; as the dew point temperature increases, the partial pressure and content of water vapor also increase, leading to varying manifold losses. Different temperatures affect gas density; at the same mass flow rate, higher temperatures result in larger gas volumes and faster flow rates, which also affects manifold resistance and distribution. At different pressures, the gas volume differs at the same mass flow rate, requiring simultaneous monitoring. The MFC controls the dry gas mass flow rate. After humidification and mixing, the total mass flow rate after mixing with water vapor can be measured using a mass flow meter, or it can be accumulated based on the flow rates of each manifold.

[0082] All control parameters of the water circuit include flow rate, temperature, and pressure. The manifold loss varies at different flow rates. The viscosity coefficient of the antifreeze (50% ethylene glycol and 50% deionized water) passing through the fuel cell stack varies at different temperatures, so analysis and testing are required. In addition to manifold analysis, pressure can also be used for three-chamber balancing.

[0083] All gas lines should be wrapped with heating tape and insulation cotton to prevent condensation.

[0084] In this embodiment, the fuel cell stack 29 uses a 150kW motor, the three-way valve is an electric three-way valve with two adjustable outlet openings from 0-100%, the temperature and humidity sensor has a range of 0-100℃ and 0-100% RH, the back pressure valve has a controllable back pressure range of 0-300kPa, the water pump has a range of 30-300NLPM, the anode humidifier heater is an 80kW heater, the cathode humidifier heater is a 150kW heater, the anode mass flow controller has a range of 30-3000NLPM, the cathode mass flow controller has a range of 100-10000NLPM, the variable frequency water pump has a range of 0-50Hz and 30-300NLPM, the pressure sensor has a range of 0-400kPa, and the temperature sensor has a range of 0-100℃.

[0085] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack manifold flow distribution test system, characterized by, The system comprises an anode system, a cathode system and a water circuit system; The anode system comprises an anode gas inlet system (1), an anode flow distribution three-way valve (2), an anode inlet stack humidity and temperature sensor (4), an anode inlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (5), an anode outlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (6), an anode outlet stack manifold and flow detection system (7), an anode tail exhaust cooling plate heat exchanger (8), an anode back pressure valve (9) and an anode water vapor separation tank (10) connected in sequence; one outlet end of the anode flow distribution three-way valve (2) is connected to the anode inlet stack humidity and temperature sensor (4), and the other outlet end is connected to the anode inlet stack humidity and temperature sensor (4) through an anode humidification system (3); The cathode system comprises a cathode gas inlet system (11), a cathode flow distribution three-way valve (12), a cathode inlet stack humidity and temperature sensor (14), a cathode inlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (15), a cathode outlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (16), a cathode outlet stack manifold and flow detection system (17), a cathode tail exhaust cooling plate heat exchanger (18), a cathode back pressure valve (19) and a cathode water vapor separation tank (20) connected in sequence; one outlet end of the cathode flow distribution three-way valve (12) is connected to the cathode inlet stack humidity and temperature sensor (14), and the other outlet end is connected to the cathode inlet stack humidity and temperature sensor (14) through a cathode humidification system (13); The water circuit system comprises a circulating water circuit water tank (21), a circulating water circuit water pump (23), a water circuit inlet stack temperature and flow sensor (24), a water circuit inlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (25), a water circuit outlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (26), a water circuit outlet stack manifold and flow detection system (27) and a water circuit heater (28) connected in sequence; the circulating water circuit water tank (21) is connected to a water circuit back pressure valve (22), and the water circuit heater (28) is connected to the circulating water circuit water tank (21); The anode inlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (5) and the anode outlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (6), the cathode inlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (15) and the cathode outlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (16), and the water circuit inlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (25) and the water circuit outlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (26) are connected to a fuel cell stack (29); The anode inlet stack humidity and temperature sensor (4) detects the humidity and temperature of the anode inlet stack hydrogen; The anode inlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (5) comprises uniformly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the gas pressure of each manifold; The anode outlet stack manifold and pressure detection system (6) comprises uniformly distributed pipelines and pressure sensors on the pipelines for detecting the pressure of each manifold outlet stack; The anode outlet stack manifold and flow detection system (7) comprises uniformly distributed pipelines and flow meters on the pipelines for detecting the flow of each manifold outlet stack; The cathode inlet stack humidity and temperature sensor (14) detects the humidity and temperature of the cathode inlet stack air; The cathode inlet manifold and pressure detection system (15) comprises a uniform distribution pipeline and a pressure sensor on the pipeline, which is used to detect the gas pressure of each manifold; The cathode outlet manifold and pressure detection system (16) comprises a uniform distribution pipeline and a pressure sensor on the pipeline, which is used to detect the pressure of each outlet manifold; The cathode outlet manifold and flow detection system (17) comprises a uniform distribution pipeline and a flow meter on the pipeline, which is used to detect the flow of each outlet manifold; The waterway back pressure valve (22) is used to provide a circulating waterway closed loop pressure boost; The waterway inlet manifold and pressure detection system (25) comprises a uniform distribution pipeline and a pressure sensor on the pipeline, which is used to detect the water pressure of each manifold; The waterway outlet manifold and pressure detection system (26) comprises a uniform distribution pipeline and a pressure sensor on the pipeline, which is used to detect the pressure of each outlet manifold; The waterway outlet manifold and flow detection system (27) comprises a uniform distribution pipeline and a flow meter on the pipeline, which is used to detect the flow of each outlet manifold.

2. A fuel cell stack manifold flow test system according to claim 1, wherein, The anode gas inlet system (1) comprises a conveying pipe and a pressure reducing valve, a filter, a solenoid valve and a mass flow controller arranged on the conveying pipe.

3. A fuel cell stack manifold flow test system according to claim 1, wherein, The anode humidification system (3) comprises a humidification tank, a humidification tank circulating water pipeline and a frequency conversion water pump, a frequency conversion water pump outlet pressure sensor, a heater, a plate heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor and a plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve arranged on the humidification tank circulating water pipeline.

4. A fuel cell stack manifold flow test system according to claim 1, wherein The anode water vapor separation tank (10) and the cathode water vapor separation tank (20) are provided with a liquid level sensor, a solenoid valve, a ball valve and corresponding pipelines.

5. A fuel cell stack manifold flow test system according to claim 1, wherein, The cathode gas inlet system (11) comprises a conveying pipe and a pressure reducing valve, a filter, a solenoid valve and a mass flow controller arranged on the conveying pipe.

6. A fuel cell stack manifold flow test system according to claim 1, wherein The cathode humidification system (13) comprises a humidification tank, a humidification tank circulating water pipeline and a frequency conversion water pump, a frequency conversion water pump outlet pressure sensor, a heater, a plate heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor and a plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve arranged on the humidification tank circulating water pipeline.

7. A fuel cell stack manifold flow test system according to claim 1, wherein, The circulating waterway water tank (21) is provided with a water inlet filter, a solenoid valve and a liquid level sensor.

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