Filtering, storing, irrigating and draining planted roof and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a filtering, storing, irrigating, and draining planted roof, which includes a water storage system, a drainage system, a filtration system, an irrigation system, and a planting system. The water storage system includes a water storage ditch located in the middle of the roof; the drainage system is connected to a drainage ditch; the upper part of the drainage ditch is connected to a rainwater drain pipe, and the lower part is connected to a pressurized water tank; the filtration system includes an inclined drainage pipe, a fine sand filter layer, and a gravel filter layer; the lowest end of the drainage pipe is connected to the water storage ditch, and is provided with a water filter hole and a non-woven fabric filter layer; the irrigation system includes an irrigation main pipe, a pressurized water tank, and an irrigation pipe; the irrigation pipe is buried in the planting soil of the planting system. The present invention also provides a construction method for a filtration, storing, irrigating, and draining planted roof. The present invention enables the roof to have the four functions of filtration, storage, irrigation, and drainage, reduces water seepage and leakage on the roof, and prevents soil loss from clogging the water pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of green roof construction, and in particular to a filtering, storing, irrigating and draining type planting roof and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Green roofs are constructed by covering the waterproofing layer with soil or loose materials such as sawdust and vermiculite, and then planting plants to provide both aesthetic appeal and insulation. Existing green roofs are susceptible to water seepage during heavy rains. This seepage and leakage leads to soil loss, which in turn clogs storm drains and reduces plant survival rates, severely impacting the roof's service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a filtering, storing, irrigating and draining planted roof and its construction method. The planted roof and construction method enable the roof to have the four functions of filtering, storing, irrigating and draining, reduce the problem of roof seepage and leakage, and avoid soil loss and clogging of water pipes.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0005] A filtering, storing, irrigating and draining green roof is placed on the waterproof layer on the concrete slab of the floor, and includes a water storage system, a drainage system, a filtering system, an irrigation system and a planting system;

[0006] The water storage system includes a water storage ditch located in the middle of the roof;

[0007] The drainage system includes drainage ditches located around the roof, which are connected to the storage and drainage ditches; a drain outlet is provided at the upper part of the drainage ditch, and a collection outlet is provided at the lower part; a filter is provided at the drain outlet and the collection outlet; the drain outlet is connected to the rainwater drain pipe, and the collection outlet is connected to the pressurized water tank of the irrigation system;

[0008] The filtration system includes filter units arranged in parallel in sequence; the filter units include a drainage pipe, a fine sand filter layer, and a gravel filter layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the drainage pipe is obliquely arranged on the soil layer above the waterproof layer, and its lowest end is connected to the water storage system's drainage ditch, and a filter screen is provided at the connection point; a water filter hole is provided in the upper half of the drainage pipe, and a non-woven fabric filter layer is provided between the upper half of the drainage pipe and the fine sand filter layer;

[0009] The irrigation system includes an irrigation main pipe, a pressurized water tank, and an irrigation water pipe; the water inlet of the irrigation main pipe is connected to the pressurized water tank and the external water supply network respectively, and the water outlet of the irrigation main pipe is connected to the irrigation water pipe; there are multiple irrigation water pipes, which are buried in the planting soil of the planting system;

[0010] The planting system comprises a soil layer, planting soil and plants, wherein the soil layer is placed under the drainage pipe, the planting soil is placed on the filtering system, and the plants are placed on the planting soil.

[0011] A further solution is that the irrigation water pipe and the drainage pipe are arranged at intervals, and the irrigation water pipe is located on the drainage pipe.

[0012] A further solution is that holes are provided on the pipe wall of the irrigation water pipe in contact with the planting soil, and a non-woven fabric filter layer is laid on the pipe wall in contact with the planting soil.

[0013] A further solution is that the cross-section of the filter structure composed of the fine sand filter layer and the gravel filter layer is fan-shaped, so that large-grain sand particles and soil can be retained in the planting area, and rainwater flows downward through the soil layer to achieve effective filtration.

[0014] A further solution is that the fine sand filter layer and the gravel filter layer are arranged obliquely.

[0015] A further solution is that a rain grate is provided on the drainage ditch.

[0016] A further solution is that the cross section of the planting soil is concave so that rainwater can be locally collected.

[0017] A further solution is that the cross-section of the planting soil on each filter unit is concave, so that rainwater can be locally collected.

[0018] A further solution is that the water storage and drainage ditch is made of plastic material; the irrigation main pipe, irrigation water pipe and drainage pipe are made of PE pipe, which is hard and can effectively resist corrosion.

[0019] The present invention also provides a construction method for a filtering, storing, irrigating and draining planted roof, the method comprising the following steps:

[0020] (1) After the construction of the floor concrete slab is completed, a waterproof layer and drainage ditch shall be constructed in accordance with the design requirements;

[0021] (2) Carry out roof backfill construction, set up a drainage ditch made of plastic material in the middle in advance, and backfill the soil to an appropriate height;

[0022] (3) A pinhole-shaped water filter hole is provided on the upper half of the drain pipe, and a non-woven filter layer is wrapped around the upper half of the drain pipe; the drain pipe is pressed into the soil and tilted, with the side with the water filter hole facing upwards; the lowest end of the drain pipe is connected to the drainage ditch, and a filter screen is provided at the connection;

[0023] (4) A gravel filter layer and a fine sand filter layer are arranged on the drainage pipe to form a filter structure, and the filter structure is laid in a fan shape;

[0024] (5) An irrigation pipe is set in the middle of the adjacent water filtration structure. The irrigation pipe is slightly higher than the drainage pipe. A water filtration hole is provided on the pipe wall where the irrigation pipe contacts the planting soil, and a non-woven fabric filter layer is laid on the pipe wall where the irrigation pipe contacts the planting soil;

[0025] (6) The irrigation main pipe is effectively connected to the irrigation water pipes on both sides through the central storage and drainage ditch, and the end of the irrigation main pipe is connected to the pressurized water tank and the house water supply network;

[0026] (7) Improve and construct the drainage ditch, install a rainwater drain pipe on the roof parapet, and connect the rainwater drain pipe with the drain port on the drainage ditch; the lower part of the drainage ditch is connected to the pressurized water tank through a rainwater collection pipe;

[0027] (8) Carry out backfill construction of planting soil to make the upper surface of the planting soil concave so that rainwater can be locally collected; and the irrigation pipe is slightly higher than the drainage pipe and buried flat in the planting soil;

[0028] (9) After the planting soil is backfilled to the designed elevation, green plants and trees can be planted.

[0029] When the rainy season comes, rainwater enters the drainage pipe through the planting soil and filtration structure, and then gathers into the central drainage ditch, and then flows into the surrounding drainage ditches. The rainwater in the drainage ditch enters the rainwater collection pipe and merges into the pressurized water tank until it is full. The water level in the drainage ditch rises, and after rising to the upper drain outlet, it is discharged through the rainwater drain pipe.

[0030] After clear weather, to maintain ecological stability and moisture on the green roof, open the valve in the pressurized water tank to allow the collected rainwater to enter the irrigation pipes, which then irrigate various locations on the green roof. Once the collected rainwater is exhausted, open the valve in the building's water supply network to continue supplying water to the irrigation pipes. This completes the irrigation process with comprehensive coverage and no adverse effects, fully utilizing water resources and providing excellent moisture retention, demonstrating the effective use of underground irrigation. It is advisable to clean the drainage ditch of mud every quarter.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] By setting up a drainage ditch in the middle of the roof, rainwater can be collected well;

[0033] By setting up inclined drainage pipes to collect rainwater, it is also easier to drain the water;

[0034] By setting up fine sand filter layers and gravel filter layers, it is not only convenient to filter water well, but also prevent the loss of planting soil;

[0035] By setting up a pressurized water tank to collect and utilize the water in the drainage ditch, resources are saved;

[0036] By setting up irrigation main pipes, pressurized water tanks, and irrigation pipes, water recycling is facilitated, and the irrigation pipes are buried in the planting soil, which increases the absorption of rainwater by the plant roots and makes it easier for the plants to survive;

[0037] It can collect and drain the excess irrigation water downwards again, so as to achieve the purpose of moistening the soil and watering without fog;

[0038] By setting up a water storage system, drainage system, filtration system, irrigation system, and planting system, rainwater can be effectively filtered and discharged on the roof, and effectively stored and reused for irrigation when rainfall changes; this can reduce soil loss and pipe blockage on the roof to a certain extent, increase the roof's water storage capacity and water resource recycling function, and increase the functional diversity of the planted roof ecosystem;

[0039] The invention is easy to operate and simple to construct. Compared with traditional green roof construction, it reduces the probability of soil loss and drainage blockage on the roof, embodies the green construction of water resource recycling, integrates filtration, storage, irrigation and drainage, and achieves certain quality optimization results and economic benefits.

[0040] It reduces the waste of water resources and promotes rainwater circulation and green construction of green roofs.

[0041] The roof has multiple functions, and its water storage, filtration and recycling capabilities, as well as its buried irrigation capacity, are enhanced, allowing the green roof ecosystem to effectively integrate with nature and achieve multiple functions.

[0042] The use of concealed irrigation pipes changes the irrigation from traditional external direct spraying to soil wet irrigation, which reduces the impact on the outside, increases the absorption of rainwater by plant roots, ensures sudden moisture on sunny days, and is conducive to plant growth;

[0043] The external rainwater can be accumulated through the "concave" soil layer and filtered into the drainage pipe through fan-shaped gravel and fine sand filtration, achieving efficient rainwater collection, thereby increasing the water storage and filtration capacity of the roof planting system;

[0044] It can collect rainwater in an effective space and drain the water in time after the rainwater collection is full, which not only increases the storage and drainage capacity of the drainage ditch, but also creates favorable conditions for the recycling of rainwater;

[0045] The planting soil adopts a concave structure, which can accommodate external rainwater and will not easily cause soil loss;

[0046] The drainage pipes and irrigation pipes are arranged in a staggered manner, and the irrigation pipes are higher than the drainage E-pipes. During irrigation, excess water can flow back into the drainage PE pipes for multiple uses, thus promoting water circulation.

[0047] The drainage pipes and irrigation pipes are arranged in a wave shape, which is conducive to the downward collection of rainwater and effective irrigation. The rainwater is collected at a low place and irrigated from top to bottom and then collected, with a significant circulation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0049] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the filtration unit;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the water storage system and filtration system;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a filtration, storage, irrigation and drainage type planting roof;

[0052] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the drainage system;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a filtration, storage, irrigation and drainage type planted roof;

[0054] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the drainage pipe;

[0055] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the irrigation pipe;

[0056] In the figure: 1. Floor concrete slab, 2. Waterproof layer, 3. Soil layer, 4. Drain pipe, 5. Drain hole, 6. Non-woven filter layer, 7. Fine sand filter layer, 8. Gravel filter layer, 9. Planting soil, 10. Plants, 11. Drainage ditch, 12. Irrigation pipe, 13. Hole, 14. Drain, 15. Drainage outlet, 16. Collection outlet, 17. Rainwater drain pipe, 18. Rainwater collection pipe, 19. Pressurized water tank, 20. Water valve, 21. Water supply network, 22. Irrigation main pipe, 23. Irrigation valve, 24. Rain grate, 25. Filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0058] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 A filtering, storing, irrigating and draining green roof is placed on a waterproof layer 2 on a floor concrete slab 1, and includes a water storage system, a drainage system, a filtering system, an irrigation system and a planting system.

[0059] The water storage system includes a water storage ditch 11 located in the middle of the roof; a rain grate 24 is provided on the water storage ditch 11 to prevent leaves of plants from falling into the water storage ditch 11.

[0060] The drainage system includes gutters 14 located around the roof. These gutters 14 are connected to the water storage ditch 11. Drainage ditch 14 has a drain outlet 15 at its top and a collection outlet 16 at its bottom. Both drain outlet 15 and collection outlet 16 are equipped with filter screens 25. Drain outlet 15 is connected to a rainwater drain pipe 17, while collection outlet 16 is connected to the irrigation system's pressurized water tank 19 via a rainwater collection pipe 18.

[0061] The filtration system includes filtration units arranged in parallel. The filtration unit includes a drain pipe 4, a fine sand filter layer 7, and a gravel filter layer 8, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the drain pipe 4 is arranged obliquely on the soil layer 3 on the waterproof layer 2, and its lowest end is connected to the drainage ditch 11, and a filter screen 25 is provided at the connection point; a water filter hole 5 is provided in the upper half of the drain pipe 4, and a non-woven fabric filter layer 6 is provided between the upper half of the drain pipe 5 and the fine sand filter layer 7. In a preferred embodiment, the fine sand filter layer 7 and the gravel filter layer 8 are also arranged obliquely, and the cross-section of the filtration structure composed of the fine sand filter layer 7 and the gravel filter layer 8 is fan-shaped (basin-shaped). The cross-section of the filtration structure is designed to be fan-shaped (basin-shaped) to facilitate the support of the planting soil on the filtration structure; and the top of the fan (basin-shaped) is directly opposite the lowest point of the groove of the planting soil, which facilitates the filtration of rainwater, making it easier for water to flow into the drain pipe and reducing the flow into the soil; this structure also reduces the loss of planting soil.

[0062] The irrigation system includes an irrigation main pipe 22, a pressurized water tank 19, and an irrigation water pipe 12. The water inlet of the irrigation main pipe 22 is respectively connected to the pressurized water tank 19 and the water supply network 21 of the building, and a water valve 20 is provided at the connection point. The water outlet of the irrigation main pipe 22 is connected to the irrigation water pipe 12 through an irrigation water valve 23. There are multiple irrigation water pipes 12, which are installed on both sides of the drainage ditch 11, buried flat in the planting soil 9 of the planting system, and located on the drainage pipe 4; the irrigation water pipe 12 has a hole 13 on the pipe wall in contact with the planting soil 9, and a non-woven fabric filter layer 6 is laid on the pipe wall in contact with the planting soil 9. In a preferred embodiment, the irrigation water pipe 12 and the drainage pipe 4 are spaced apart.

[0063] The planting system includes a soil layer 3, planting soil 9, and plants 10. The soil layer 3 is placed under the drainage pipe 4, the planting soil 9 is placed on the filtration system, and the plants 10 are placed on the planting soil 9. To better collect rainwater, the planting soil 9 can be designed as a concave structure. To ensure structural stability, the cross-section of the planting soil 9 on each filter unit can be designed to have a concave structure.

[0064] In the present invention, the water storage and drainage ditch 11 is made of plastic material; the irrigation main pipe 22, the irrigation water pipe 12, and the drainage pipe 4 are made of PE pipe.

[0065] The present invention also provides a construction method for a filtering, storing, irrigating and draining planted roof, the method comprising the following steps:

[0066] (1) After the floor concrete slab is constructed, waterproofing and drainage ditch construction are carried out in accordance with design requirements;

[0067] (2) Carry out roof backfill construction (soil backfill), and set up a drainage ditch 11 in the middle in advance. The ditch is made of plastic material and has a good waterproof effect. When the soil is backfilled to an appropriate height, prepare to install the drainage pipe 4.

[0068] (3) The drainage pipe 4 (a circle of 180° pinhole-shaped water filter holes 5 is provided on the top of the drainage pipe 4 and the outside is wrapped with a layer of non-woven fabric) is pressed into the soil, with the side with the water filter holes 5 facing upward, and the drainage pipes 4 on both sides are tilted toward the middle and enter the drainage ditch 11 (that is, the lowest end of the drainage pipe 4 is connected to the drainage ditch 11), and the end connected to the drainage ditch 11 is filtered again using a filter net 25;

[0069] (4) A gravel filter layer 8 and a fine sand filter layer 7 are sequentially arranged on the drainage pipe 4 from top to bottom to form a filter structure. The filter structure is laid in a fan shape so that large grains of sand and soil can be retained in the planting area, and rainwater flows downward through the soil layer to achieve an effective filtering effect;

[0070] (5) After the gravel filter layer 8 and the fine sand filter layer 7 are laid, they are squeezed and fixed to keep their shapes stable;

[0071] (6) An irrigation pipe 12 (branch pipe) is provided in the middle of the adjacent water filtration structure. The irrigation pipe 12 is slightly higher than the drainage pipe 4. A hole 13 is provided on the pipe wall of the irrigation pipe 12 in contact with the planting soil 9, and a non-woven fabric filter layer 6 is laid on the pipe wall in contact with the planting soil 9;

[0072] (7) The irrigation main pipe 22 is effectively connected to the irrigation water pipes 12 on both sides through the central storage and drainage ditch 11, and the end of the irrigation main pipe 22 is connected to the pressurized water tank 19 and the water supply network 21 of the house;

[0073] (8) After the pipe network system is set up, the drainage ditch 14 is improved and constructed, and a rainwater drain pipe 17 is set up on the roof parapet. The rainwater drain pipe 17 is connected to the drain port 15 on the drainage ditch 14; the collection port 16 at the bottom of the drainage ditch 14 is connected to the pressurized water tank 19 through the rainwater collection pipe 18; when the rainwater is discharged from the ditch, it first flows into the lower rainwater collection pipe 18 and then into the pressurized water tank. After the pressurized water tank 19 is full, the water pressure in the rainwater collection pipe 18 is the same as that in the drainage ditch 14. The water level in the drainage ditch 14 rises to the drain port 15 and is discharged through the rainwater drain pipe 17;

[0074] (9) Backfill the planting soil 9 so that the upper surface of the planting soil 9 is concave so that rainwater can be collected locally; the irrigation pipe 12 is slightly higher than the drainage pipe 4 and is buried flat in the planting soil 9;

[0075] (10) After the planting soil 9 is backfilled to the designed elevation, the plants 10 are planted.

[0076] When it rains, rainwater flows through the planting soil 9 and the filtration structure into the drainage pipe 4, where it is collected and then flows into the central drainage ditch 11. The water then flows into the surrounding drainage ditch 14. The rainwater in the drainage ditch 14 flows into the rainwater collection pipe 18 and into the pressurized water tank 19. When the pressurized water tank 19 is full, the water level in the drainage ditch 11 rises to the drain port 15 before being discharged through the rainwater drain pipe 17. On non-rainy days, to maintain the ecological stability and moisture of the planted roof, the water valve 20 of the pressurized water tank 19 is opened, allowing the collected rainwater to enter the irrigation main 22. From there, the water is irrigated to various locations on the planted roof through the irrigation pipe 12. Once the collected rainwater is exhausted, the water valve 20 of the building's water supply network 21 can be opened to continue supplying water to the irrigation main 22.

[0077] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all such improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A filtering, storing, irrigating and draining planted roof, placed on a waterproof layer on a concrete slab, characterized by: Including water storage system, drainage system, filtration system, irrigation system, and planting system; The water storage system includes a water storage ditch located in the middle of the roof; The drainage system includes drainage ditches located around the roof, which are connected to the storage and drainage ditches; a drain outlet is provided at the upper part of the drainage ditch, and a collection outlet is provided at the lower part; a filter is provided at the drain outlet and the collection outlet; the drain outlet is connected to the rainwater drain pipe, and the collection outlet is connected to the pressurized water tank of the irrigation system; The filtration system includes filter units arranged in parallel in sequence; the filter units include a drainage pipe, a fine sand filter layer, and a gravel filter layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the drainage pipe is arranged obliquely on the soil layer above the waterproof layer, and its lowest end is connected to the water storage system's drainage ditch, and a filter screen is provided at the connection point; a water filter hole is provided in the upper half of the drainage pipe, and a non-woven fabric filter layer is provided between the upper half of the drainage pipe and the fine sand filter layer; the cross-section of the filtration structure composed of the fine sand filter layer and the gravel filter layer is fan-shaped; the cross-section of the planting soil on each filter unit is concave; the top of the fan is directly opposite the lowest point of the groove of the planting soil; The irrigation system includes an irrigation main pipe, a pressurized water tank, and an irrigation water pipe; the water inlet of the irrigation main pipe is connected to the pressurized water tank and the external water supply network respectively, and the water outlet of the irrigation main pipe is connected to the irrigation water pipe; there are multiple irrigation water pipes, which are buried in the planting soil of the planting system; The planting system comprises a soil layer, planting soil and plants, wherein the soil layer is placed under the drainage pipe, the planting soil is placed on the filtering system, and the plants are placed on the planting soil.

2. The filtering, storing, irrigating and draining type planted roof according to claim 1 is characterized by: The irrigation water pipe and the drainage pipe are spaced apart, and the irrigation water pipe is located on the drainage pipe.

3. The filtering, storing, irrigating and draining planted roof according to claim 1 is characterized by: The pipe wall of the irrigation water pipe in contact with the planting soil is provided with holes, and the pipe wall in contact with the planting soil is paved with a non-woven fabric filter layer.

4. The filtering, storing, irrigating and draining planted roof according to claim 1 is characterized by: The fine sand filter layer and the gravel filter layer are arranged obliquely.

5. The filtering, storing, irrigating and draining type planted roof according to claim 1 is characterized by: A rain grate is provided on the drainage ditch.

6. The filtering, storing, irrigating and draining planted roof according to claim 1 is characterized by: The storage and drainage ditch is made of plastic material; the irrigation main pipe, irrigation water pipe and drainage pipe are made of PE pipe.

7. The construction method of the filtering, storing, irrigating and draining type planted roof according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) After the construction of the floor concrete slab is completed, a waterproof layer and drainage ditch shall be constructed in accordance with the design requirements; (2) Carry out roof backfill construction, set up a drainage ditch made of plastic material in the middle in advance, and backfill the soil to an appropriate height; (3) A pinhole-shaped water filter hole is set on the upper half of the drainage pipe, and a non-woven filter layer is wrapped around the upper half of the drainage pipe; the drainage pipe is pressed into the soil and set at an angle with the water filter hole facing upwards. The lowest end of the drainage pipe is connected to the drainage ditch, and a filter net is set at the connection; (4) A gravel filter layer and a fine sand filter layer are arranged on the drainage pipe to form a filter structure, and the filter structure is laid in a fan shape; (5) An irrigation pipe is set in the middle of the adjacent water filtration structure. The irrigation pipe is slightly higher than the drainage pipe. The pipe wall where the irrigation pipe contacts the planting soil is provided with a water filtration hole, and the pipe wall where the irrigation pipe contacts the planting soil is provided with a non-woven fabric filter layer; (6) The irrigation main pipe is effectively connected to the irrigation pipes on both sides through the central storage and drainage ditch, and the end of the irrigation main pipe is connected to the pressurized water tank and the house water supply network; (7) Improve and construct the drainage ditch, install a rainwater drain pipe on the roof parapet, and connect the rainwater drain pipe with the drain port on the drainage ditch; the lower part of the drainage ditch is connected to the pressurized water tank through a rainwater collection pipe; (8) Carry out planting soil backfill construction to make the upper surface of the planting soil concave so that rainwater can be locally collected; and the irrigation pipe is slightly higher than the drainage pipe and buried flat in the planting soil; (9) After the planting soil is backfilled to the designed elevation, green plants and trees can be planted.

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