A multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a test device, specifically to a multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device, which includes a frame. There are two groups of test components on the frame. Each group of test components includes a valve-seat ring support for installing a valve and a seat ring. An electromagnetic loading mechanism for the valve is arranged on the upper side of the valve-seat ring support. A high-temperature heating device is arranged between the loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat ring support. A reset device for driving the valve to reset is arranged on the lower side of the valve-seat ring support. A rotating device for driving the valve to rotate is also arranged on the frame. This device can simultaneously simulate the valve-seat ring high-temperature wear test of the engine intake valve and exhaust valve under actual working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a test device, and particularly to a multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device. Background Art

[0002] The valve-seat ring contact pair ensures the sealing of the combustion chamber, is an important part of the combustion chamber, and controls the "breathing" of the engine. With the continuous improvement of the engine technology level in China, it is required that the engine has a higher power density, that is, greater power and smaller volume, which makes the temperature and pressure in the engine cylinder continuously increase, and the working environment of engine components further deteriorates. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of the reliability requirements, higher requirements are put forward for each component of the engine. In addition, due to the use of clean fuels such as natural gas in recent years, the combustion temperature in the engine cylinder is higher and the combustion products are cleaner. For gasoline and diesel engines, appropriate combustion products covering the contact surface can play a certain lubricating and protective role, but for natural gas engines, this "protective" role is greatly weakened. In each working cycle of the engine, the intake and exhaust valves have to experience an opening and closing process. During this process, the valves have to bear frequent reciprocating seating impacts, direct scouring by high-temperature combustion gases, and corrosion by exhaust gases, and the working environment is harsh. Therefore, higher requirements are put forward for the performance of the valves.

[0003] Evaluating the high-temperature wear performance of valves through engine whole-machine tests is time-consuming, costly, and the process is complex. Conducting traditional material friction and wear tests on valve materials can evaluate the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue performance, etc. of the materials, but the mechanism of valve "sinking" caused by wear under engine working conditions cannot be obtained. The test data obtained by a dedicated valve high-temperature wear test device is very different from the test data of a traditional material friction and wear test device. It is very important to use a dedicated valve high-temperature wear test device for valve wear tests. Currently, the existing valve high-temperature wear test devices are mainly driven by mechanical or hydraulic means. The mechanical drive method has a lower cost and is easy to maintain, but the load loading accuracy and seating loading frequency are relatively low. The hydraulic drive method has a fast response, high precision, and can achieve large-load loading, but it is prone to oil leakage, causing pollution, and the cost is expensive. In addition, among the existing valve high-temperature wear test devices, there are few test devices that can simulate the valve rotation condition and realize simultaneous tests of multiple specimens. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device, which can simultaneously simulate the valve-seat ring high-temperature wear test of engine intake and exhaust valves under actual working conditions.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention lies in: a multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device, including a frame. There are two groups of test components on the frame. Each group of test components includes a valve-seat ring support for installing a valve and a seat ring. An electromagnetic loading mechanism for the valve is arranged on the upper side of the valve-seat ring support. A high-temperature heating device is arranged between the loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat ring support. A reset device for driving the valve to reset is arranged on the lower side of the valve-seat ring support. A rotating device for driving the valve to rotate is also arranged on the frame.

[0006] Further, the frame includes a bottom plate. A first layer plate, a second layer plate, a third layer plate, a fourth layer plate and a top plate are sequentially installed on the bottom plate from bottom to top through columns. The valve-seat ring support is installed on the second layer plate. The reset device is installed between the bottom plate and the first layer plate. A shock-absorbing pad is arranged on the lower side of the bottom plate.

[0007] Further, the valve-seat ring support includes a box body installed on the upper side of the second layer plate. A valve guide cylinder is vertically installed in the box body. A seat ring support seat with a seat ring installed at the upper end is arranged on the upper side of the valve guide cylinder. The valve passes through the seat ring, the valve guide cylinder, the box body and the second layer plate. A cooling structure is also arranged on the bottom surface of the box body.

[0008] Further, a positioning plate matched with the box body is arranged on the second layer plate. An avoidance hole for the lower part of the valve box body to pass through is arranged on the second layer plate. The box body is fixed on the second layer plate through a positioning pin. The cooling structure includes a cooling water tank arranged on the lower end surface of the box body. A cooling water tank cover is sealed on the cooling water tank.

[0009] Further, the electromagnetic loading mechanism includes an electromagnetic actuator fixed on the lower side surface of the top plate. The moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator passes through the fourth layer plate and is connected with the normal-temperature section of the loading rod through a force sensor. The loading rod passes through the third layer plate and a cooling water jacket is arranged in the middle. The high-temperature section of the loading rod extends into the high-temperature heating device and abuts against the disc end surface of the valve.

[0010] Further, the electromagnetic actuator includes a shell. A cover is arranged at the lower end of the shell. A fixed iron core is arranged at the upper part of the shell. A DC coil is wound on the fixed iron core. A moving iron shaft passing through the cover is arranged on the lower side of the fixed iron core. An AC coil is wound on the moving iron shaft.

[0011] Further, the high-temperature heating device includes an electric heating furnace sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the box body. A support frame with the lower end supported on the ground is fixed on the side wall of the electric heating furnace.

[0012] Further, ER chucks are connected to the lower ends of the valves. The ER chucks are connected with a rotating shaft through ER nuts. The rotating shaft passes through the first layer plate and is connected with the reset device.

[0013] Further, the reset device includes a lower spring seat fixed on the bottom plate. A return spring is installed on the lower spring seat. The upper end of the return spring is provided with an upper spring seat. The upper spring seat is provided with a tapered hole. The lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a lock clip groove and a lock clip is installed. The lock clip is in wedge fit with the tapered hole.

[0014] Further, the rotating device includes a gear reduction motor. The output end of the gear reduction motor is provided with a small driving pulley through a TL friction type torque limiter. The small driving pulley is connected to a spline driven pulley installed on one of the rotating shafts through a belt. A large driving pulley is installed on the one rotating shaft. The large driving pulley is in transmission connection with a driven pulley installed on the other rotating shaft through a belt.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] The device has a simple structure. By means of the rotating device, the electromagnetic closing device and the high-temperature device, the contact form between the valve and the valve seat under the actual engine working conditions is simulated, and the wear test of the valve-valve seat pair under different load forces, valve speeds and temperatures is realized. The rotating device drives the valve to rotate, which can better conform to the actual movement conditions of the engine and further improve the reliability of the test results. The electromagnetic loading device realizes the loading of different load forces by controlling the magnitude of the input current, and the electric heating furnace controls the test temperature. Therefore, it is convenient to change the test parameters to realize the high-temperature wear condition of the valve-valve seat under different working conditions in the present invention.

[0017] The device can well simulate the high-temperature wear condition of the valve, which not only avoids the disadvantages of long time consumption, high cost and complex process of the whole engine test, but also can complete the evaluation of the high-temperature wear performance of the valve in an extremely short test cycle, providing a reliable basis for actual production. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a front sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a left view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is an axonometric view of the second layer plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the valve-valve seat support box body of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6Structural diagram of the valve rotation and reset device of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure: 1 - shock pad, 100 - bottom plate, 101 - column, 102 - first layer plate, 103 - column, 104 - second layer plate, 105 - column, 106 - third layer plate, 107 - column, 108 - fourth layer plate, 109 - column, 110 - top plate, 111 - nut,

[0025] 2 - electromagnetic actuator, 201 - housing, 202 - DC coil, 203 - fixed iron core, 204 - moving iron shaft, 205 - AC coil,

[0026] 301 - positioning pin, 302 - box body, 303 - sealing ring, 304 - cooling water tank cover, 305 - cooling water tank, 306 - valve, 307 - seat ring, 308 - seat ring support seat, 309 - valve guide cylinder retaining ring, 310 - valve guide cylinder,

[0027] 3 - lower spring seat, 4 - return spring, 5 - upper spring seat, 6 - lock clip, 7 - ST type linear bearing, 8 - retaining ring, 9 - belt, 10 - driven pulley, 11 - nut, 12 - 1# rotating shaft, 13 - shock damping pad, 14 - gear reduction motor, 15 - small driving pulley, 16 - TL friction type torque limiter, 17 - shaft end retaining ring, 18 - wear-resistant washer, 19 - spline driven pulley, 20 - large driving pulley, 21 - 2# rotating shaft, 22 - ER chuck, 23 - ER nut, 24 - electric heating furnace, 25 - high-temperature section of the loading rod, 26 - cooling water jacket sealing ring, 27 - cooling water jacket, 28 - flange type linear bearing, 29 - normal-temperature section of the loading rod, 30 - force sensor, 31 - support frame, 32 - positioning plate, 321 - avoidance hole. Specific embodiments

[0028] To make the above features and advantages of the present invention more understandable, specific embodiments are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and described in detail as follows, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 6

[0030] A multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device, including a frame, two groups of test components are provided on the frame, each group of test components includes a valve-seat ring support for installing a valve and a seat ring, an electromagnetic loading mechanism for the valve is arranged on the upper side of the valve-seat ring support, a high-temperature heating device is arranged on the loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat ring support, a reset device for driving the valve to reset is arranged on the lower side of the valve-seat ring support, and a rotating device for driving the valve to rotate is also arranged on the frame.

[0031] In this embodiment, the frame includes a bottom plate 100. On the bottom plate, a first layer plate 102, a second layer plate 104, a third layer plate 106, a fourth layer plate 108 and a top plate 110 are sequentially installed from bottom to top through columns. The columns pass through each layer plate and are connected by threads to form a frame body. A shock absorber pad 1 is provided on the lower side of the bottom plate to reduce the overall vibration of the frame, and the shock absorber pad is threadedly connected to the frame.

[0032] In this embodiment, the valve-seat ring support is installed on the second layer plate. The valve-seat ring support includes a box body 302 bolted to the upper side of the second layer plate. A valve guide tube 310 is vertically installed in the box body. The valve guide tube is fixed in the box body through a valve guide tube retaining ring 309. The valve guide tube retaining ring is connected to the box body by bolts to limit the axial movement of the valve guide tube. A seat ring support seat 308 with a seat ring 307 installed at its upper end is provided above the valve guide tube. Small holes are opened on the lower surface of the seat ring support seat to facilitate the replacement of the seat ring specimen after the test. The valve passes through the seat ring, the valve guide tube, the box body and the second layer plate and is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0033] In this embodiment, a positioning plate 32 matching the box body is provided on the second layer plate. An avoidance hole 321 for the lower part of the valve box body to pass through is provided on the second layer plate. The box body is fixed to the second layer plate through a positioning pin 301. After the test, loosen the bolts, push the box body to make the disc end face of the valve leave the lower end face of the loading rod, so as to replace the valve specimen after the test; after replacing the specimen, push the box body to the positioning plate and insert the positioning pin for centering, and then lock the bolts.

[0034] In this embodiment, a cooling structure is further provided on the bottom surface of the box body to reduce the influence of temperature on the lower components. The cooling structure includes a cooling water tank 305 provided on the lower end face of the box body, and a cooling water tank cover 304 is sealed on the cooling water tank through a sealing ring 303.

[0035] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic loading mechanism includes an electromagnetic actuator 2 fixed to the lower side of the top plate. The moving iron shaft 204 of the electromagnetic actuator passes through the fourth layer plate and is connected to the normal temperature section 29 of the loading rod through a force sensor 30. The loading rod passes through the third layer plate and a cooling water jacket 27 is arranged in the middle. The high temperature section 25 of the loading rod extends into the high temperature heating device and abuts against the disc end face of the valve. The moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator is connected to the force sensor to monitor the magnitude of the loading force. The normal temperature section of the loading rod is threadedly connected to the high temperature section of the loading rod to ensure coaxiality; the high temperature section of the loading rod is made of high temperature resistant material to reduce the wear of the loading rod during the test. The cooling water jacket is sleeved on the top of the high temperature section of the loading rod and sealed with a cooling water jacket sealing ring 26 to reduce the influence of the upper components at high temperature. The moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator passes through a flange type linear bearing 28 installed on the fourth layer plate, and the normal temperature section of the loading rod passes through a flange type linear bearing 28 installed on the third layer plate to ensure straightness. The flange type linear bearing is fixedly connected to the corresponding layer plate.

[0036] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic actuator includes a housing 201. A cover 200 is arranged at the lower end of the housing. A fixed iron core 203 is arranged at the upper part of the housing. A DC coil 202 is wound around the fixed iron core. A moving iron shaft 204 passing through the cover is arranged at the lower side of the fixed iron core. An AC coil 205 is wound around the moving iron shaft. The magnetic pole of the moving iron shaft continuously reverses under alternating current, and the magnetic pole of the fixed iron core remains unchanged under direct current. Under the action of electromagnetic force, the moving iron shaft extends and attracts. The electromagnetic actuator is connected to the top plate of the frame, and the cover is in interference connection with the housing.

[0037] In this embodiment, the high temperature heating device includes an electric heating furnace 24 sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the box body. A support frame 31 with the lower end supported on the ground is fixed on the side wall of the electric heating furnace to prevent the electric heating furnace from being damaged by vibration during the test. The electric heating furnace integrates heating, heat preservation and temperature monitoring, and there are already mature products.

[0038] In this embodiment, ER chucks 22 are connected to the lower ends of the valves. The ER chucks are connected to a 1# rotating shaft 12 and a 2# rotating shaft 21 through ER nuts 23. The rotating shafts pass through the first layer plate and are connected to the reset device. The internal card slot of the ER nut clamps the ER chuck and is connected to the head of the rotating shaft through a thread. The head of the valve stem extends into the ER chuck, and the valve is clamped by tightening the ER nut. The ER chuck and the ER nut form a clamping device.

[0039] In this embodiment, the reset device is installed between the base plate and the first layer of the plate. The reset device includes a lower spring seat 3 fixed on the base plate, a return spring 4 is installed on the lower spring seat, an upper spring seat 5 is installed on the upper end of the return spring, and a tapered hole is provided in the upper spring seat. The lower part of the rotating shaft cooperates with the ST type linear bearing 7 installed on the first layer of the plate, and a retaining ring 8 is provided at the upper end of the linear bearing. A locking clamp groove is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft and a locking clamp 6 is installed, and the locking clamp is wedge-fitted with the tapered hole. When the valve is seated, the rotating shaft moves downward, and the return spring is compressed by the locking clamp-upper spring seat to stop loading; the return spring pushes the upper spring seat, the locking clamp and the rotating shaft upward to complete the valve reset; under the wedge structure, the connection between the locking clamp and the upper spring seat is always tightly fitted during the test.

[0040] In this embodiment, the rotation device includes a gear reduction motor 14 mounted on a base plate via shock-absorbing pads 13 to reduce the impact of frame vibration on the gear reduction motor. A small driving pulley 15 is mounted on the output end of the gear reduction motor via a TL friction torque limiter 16. This small driving pulley is connected to a splined driven pulley 19 mounted on the second rotating shaft 21 via a belt 9. A large driving pulley 20 is mounted on the second rotating shaft, and is in transmission connection with a driven pulley 10 mounted on the first rotating shaft 12 via a belt 9.

[0041] The small driving pulley 15 is connected to the output shaft of the gear reduction motor 14 via a C-type flat key and is axially secured by a shaft end retaining ring 17. A wear-resistant washer is attached to the first plate of the frame. A spline is placed above the wear-resistant washer from the pulley 19 to prevent wear between the pulley and the frame. The spline connection ensures smooth axial movement of the second rotating shaft. The large driving pulley 20 and the driven pulley 10 are connected to the first rotating shaft 12 and the second rotating shaft 21 via an A-type flat key and are axially secured by a nut 11. The rotation output by the gear reduction motor 14 is transmitted via the small driving pulley 15 to the second rotating shaft 21, and then to the first rotating shaft 12 via the large driving pulley 20, thereby driving the rotating shafts. The gear reduction motor is a mature product, capable of outputting a low speed of 3 r / min, simulating the low-speed rotation of the lower valves in an actual engine. The small driving pulley 15 is positioned intermediately with the TL friction torque limiter 16. When the valve seats, it contacts the seat ring. The intense pressure between the valve and seat ring increases the drive torque, causing the TL friction torque limiter to slip, disrupting the power connection between the gear reducer and the load, thus preventing damage to the gear reducer due to overload. The shaft's rotation is transmitted to the valve. A belt drive reduces the impact of vibration from repeated valve seating during testing on the gear reducer. ST linear bearings are placed in the groove and secured axially by retaining rings and wear-resistant washers. Rotating shafts 1 and 2 pass through the ST linear bearings. Unlike other linear bearings, ST linear bearings support shaft rotation.

[0042] The device works as follows:

[0043] In each test assembly, the new valve guide is first installed into the housing, followed by the valve guide retaining ring and tightening. The seat ring support and seat ring specimen are then installed. The valve specimen is then loaded from the top of the housing through the interior of the housing. The housing is pushed onto the positioning plate, and the positioning pins are inserted to align the valve stem before tightening the bolts. Finally, the valve stem head is clamped with a clamping device. If an electric heating furnace is required, close the furnace and lock the quick clamp. The valve specimens at each station are clamped in sequence according to the above method. Turn on the control computer and set the temperature of the electric heating furnace. When the temperature reaches the required temperature, start the gear reduction motor, the valve begins to rotate and reaches the required speed, the electromagnetic loading mechanism is energized, and the force sensor connected to the lower end of the moving iron shaft records the test load force and displays it. After stopping the high-temperature wear test, first loosen the clamping device, then remove the bolts and positioning pins that fix the box body, push the box body to make the end face of the valve disc leave the end face of the loading rod, and take out the valve sample, seat ring, seat ring support seat, valve guide retaining ring and valve guide in turn.

[0044] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the teachings of the present invention, it does not require creative labor to design different forms of multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test devices. Without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, all equivalent changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made within the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device, including a frame, characterized in that, There are two sets of test components arranged on the frame. Each set of test components includes a valve-seat ring support for installing the valve and the seat ring. An electromagnetic loading mechanism for the valve is arranged on the upper side of the valve-seat ring support. A high-temperature heating device is arranged between the loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat ring support. A reset device for driving the valve to reset is arranged on the lower side of the valve-seat ring support. A rotating device for driving the valve to rotate is also arranged on the frame. The frame includes a bottom plate. On the bottom plate, a first layer plate, a second layer plate, a third layer plate, a fourth layer plate and a top plate are sequentially installed from bottom to top through columns. The valve-seat ring support is installed on the second layer plate. The reset device is installed between the bottom plate and the first layer plate. A shock-absorbing pad is arranged on the lower side of the bottom plate. The valve-seat ring support includes a box body installed on the upper side of the second layer plate. A valve guide cylinder is vertically installed in the box body. A seat ring support seat with a seat ring installed at the upper end is arranged above the valve guide cylinder. The valve passes through the seat ring, the valve guide cylinder, the box body and the second layer plate. A cooling structure is also arranged on the bottom surface of the box body. A positioning plate matching with the box body is arranged on the second layer plate. An avoidance hole for the lower part of the valve box body to pass through is arranged on the second layer plate. The box body is fixed to the second layer plate through a positioning pin. The cooling structure includes a cooling water tank arranged on the lower end surface of the box body. A cooling water tank cover is sealed on the cooling water tank. The electromagnetic loading mechanism includes an electromagnetic actuator fixed on the lower side surface of the top plate. The moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator passes through the fourth layer plate and is connected to the normal temperature section of the loading rod through a force sensor. The loading rod passes through the third layer plate and a cooling water jacket is arranged in the middle. The high-temperature section of the loading rod extends into the high-temperature heating device and abuts against the disc end surface of the valve.

2. The multi-station electromagnetic drive valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 1, wherein The electromagnetic actuator includes a shell. A cover is arranged at the lower end of the shell. A fixed iron core is arranged at the upper part of the shell. A DC coil is wound around the fixed iron core. A moving iron shaft passing through the cover is arranged on the lower side of the fixed iron core. An AC coil is wound around the moving iron shaft.

3. The multi-station electromagnetic drive valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature heating device includes an electric heating furnace sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the box body. A support frame with the lower end supported on the ground is fixed on the side wall of the electric heating furnace.

4. A multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 1, characterized in that ER chucks are connected to the lower ends of the valves. The ER chucks are connected to a rotating shaft through ER nuts. The rotating shaft passes through the first layer plate and is connected to the reset device.

5. A multi-station electromagnetic drive valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 4, characterized in that The reset device includes a lower spring seat fixed on the bottom plate. A return spring is installed on the lower spring seat. The upper end of the return spring is installed with an upper spring seat. A tapered hole is arranged on the upper spring seat. A lock groove is arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft and a lock clip is installed. The lock clip is in wedge fit with the tapered hole.

6. A multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The rotating device includes a gear reduction motor. The output end of the gear reduction motor is installed with a small driving pulley through a TL friction type torque limiter. The small driving pulley is connected to a spline driven pulley installed on one of the rotating shafts through a belt. A large driving pulley is installed on the one rotating shaft. The large driving pulley is connected to a driven pulley installed on the other rotating shaft through a belt.

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