Simplified calculation method and device for building large space smoke movement model
By analyzing the geometry and function of large spaces, and combining fire protection design codes, the power of fire sources and temperature gradients are calculated. A highly adaptable smoke movement model is established, which solves the problem of insufficient smoke movement characteristics in large space fires and simplifies the calculation of early detection and smoke exhaust design.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TONGJI UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2022-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies lack widely adaptable smoke movement models, especially for large-space fires, resulting in insufficient analysis of fire smoke movement characteristics and an inability to effectively conduct early detection and smoke exhaust design.
This paper provides a simplified calculation method for a smoke movement model in a large building space. By analyzing the geometry and function of the large space and combining it with fire protection design specifications, the paper calculates the fire source power, temperature gradient, and thermal buoyancy flux to determine parameters such as smoke velocity, temperature rise, and movement radius. Different formulas are derived for flat and tall large spaces.
A highly adaptable and operable smoke motion model was established, which simplified the calculation process and improved the early detection and smoke exhaust design capabilities for fires in large spaces.
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Figure CN115964783B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the fields of fire science and fire safety, and in particular to a simplified calculation method and apparatus for a large-space smoke movement model in buildings. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, the spaces needed for people's production and daily life have become increasingly larger, with more and more large-scale buildings such as shopping mall atriums, production workshops, and underground parking lots. However, the resulting fire hazards have also continued to increase. Considering the large three-dimensional scale of these types of building spaces, the movement of smoke plumes after a fire source is ignited in these spaces differs somewhat from that in conventional building spaces. Furthermore, these building spaces tend to have a high density of people and store a lot of valuables, so if a fire is not detected and dealt with promptly, it is highly likely to cause significant casualties or property damage.
[0003] Existing research on fire smoke movement characteristics and smoke control mainly focuses on standard-sized rooms and smoke layers generated by ceiling jets. Research on smoke movement models for large-space fires is limited, particularly lacking mechanistic analysis and widely applicable models. This patent proposes a universally applicable smoke movement model based on theoretical derivation and analysis, thereby improving early detection and smoke extraction design for large-space fires and significantly enhancing the emergency response capabilities of large buildings in the face of fire. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above and / or existing studies on the movement characteristics and control of fire smoke, the present invention is proposed.
[0006] Therefore, the problem to be solved by this invention is how to propose a widely adaptable model for the movement of smoke in large-space fires.
[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a simplified calculation method for a large-space smoke motion model in buildings, comprising,
[0009] Analyze the geometric spatial form of large spaces to determine the corresponding architectural large space categories, which include flat large spaces and high large spaces;
[0010] Based on the building functions of different large spaces, the power values of fire sources within the space are determined by combining relevant fire protection design codes or by using site fire tests.
[0011] Based on different types of large architectural spaces, the temperature of the large spaces is measured and the corresponding temperature gradient is calculated and determined;
[0012] Based on the obtained values of large space temperature and fire source power, the thermal buoyancy flux of the fire source is calculated and determined.
[0013] Based on the known environmental conditions, the spatial distribution characteristics and amplitude of physical parameters such as smoke velocity, temperature rise, and radius of motion are calculated and determined for early detection and smoke exhaust design in large-space fires.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the simplified calculation method for the smoke movement model of a large building space described in this invention, the step of analyzing the geometric spatial form of the large space and determining the corresponding large building space category includes:
[0015] When the length or width of a space is greater than twice its height, the space is a flat, large space.
[0016] Conversely, it is a tall, large space.
[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the simplified calculation method for the smoke movement model of a large building space described in this invention, the step of measuring the temperature of the large space and calculating the corresponding temperature gradient according to different types of large building spaces includes:
[0018] If the space is a large, flat area, then the room temperature of the large space needs to be measured.
[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the simplified calculation method for the smoke movement model of a large building space described in this invention, the step of measuring the temperature of the large space and calculating the corresponding temperature gradient according to different types of large building spaces further includes...
[0020] If the space is a tall, large space, then the corresponding temperature gradient N of the large space needs to be measured:
[0021]
[0022] Among them, T H T0 and T0 represent the top and bottom temperatures of the large space before the fire, respectively, H is the height of the space, and α is the volume expansion coefficient in heat transfer.
[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the simplified calculation method for the large-space smoke movement model of the present invention, the formula used to calculate and determine the thermal buoyancy flux of the fire source based on the obtained large-space temperature and fire source power values is:
[0024]
[0025] Where α is the volume expansion coefficient in heat transfer, and c p ρ represents the specific heat capacity of ambient air at room temperature, ρ0 represents the ambient density near the fire load, and g represents the acceleration due to gravity.
[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the simplified calculation method for the large-space smoke motion model of the building described in this invention, the calculation of the spatial distribution characteristics and amplitude of physical parameters such as smoke velocity, temperature rise, and motion radius, based on the obtained known environmental conditions, includes:
[0027] For flat, large spaces:
[0028]
[0029]
[0030]
[0031] v Z =v Zc exp(-(R / b v ) 2 )
[0032] ΔT Z =ΔT Zc exp(-(R / b T ) 2 )
[0033] Where, ΔT Zc b represents the temperature difference between the plume at the point of extraction and the surrounding environment at an altitude of Z; v and b T All are feature dimensions (which can be obtained directly from experiments or previous data); v Zc V is the velocity at the point where the plume cross-section is drawn at height Z; Z v is the total volume of the smoke plume; Z Let ΔT be the plume velocity at height Z. Z R represents the plume temperature at height Z; R represents the plume extension radius at height Z.
[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the simplified calculation method for the large-space smoke motion model of the building described in this invention, the calculation of the spatial distribution characteristics and amplitude of physical parameters such as smoke velocity, temperature rise, and motion radius, based on the obtained known environmental conditions, further includes...
[0035] For tall, spacious buildings:
[0036]
[0037]
[0038]
[0039]
[0040] Where β = 0.15 is the entrainment coefficient; v Z Let Z be the plume velocity at height Z; Z corresponds to the plume height, and the parameter z can be solved inversely; ΔT Zc R represents the temperature difference between the plume at the point of extraction and the surrounding environment at a height of Z; Z The value represents the flue gas diffusion radius; the lowercase letters of each parameter represent the dimensionless expression of each physical quantity.
[0041] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a simplified calculation system for a large-space smoke motion model in buildings, comprising:
[0042] The spatial analysis module is used to analyze the geometric spatial form of large spaces and determine the corresponding architectural large space category, which includes flat large spaces and high large spaces;
[0043] The fire source power calculation module is used to determine the fire source power value in a space based on the building function of different large spaces, combined with relevant fire protection design specifications or by using site fire tests.
[0044] The temperature calculation module is used to measure the temperature of large spaces and calculate the corresponding temperature gradient according to different types of large building spaces.
[0045] The thermal buoyancy flux calculation module is used to calculate and determine the thermal buoyancy flux of the fire source based on the obtained large space temperature and fire source power values.
[0046] The spatial distribution calculation module is used to calculate and determine the spatial distribution characteristics and amplitude of physical parameters such as smoke velocity, temperature rise, and radius of motion, based on the known environmental conditions, for early detection and smoke exhaust design in large-space fires.
[0047] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement any step of the above-described method.
[0048] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any step of the above-described method.
[0049] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Based on the motion law of weak buoyancy plumes, a lightweight model of smoke movement in large building spaces is established through theoretical analysis and derivation, which is highly operable and scalable; the reliability of the spatial distribution of various parameters of smoke movement derived based on reasonable assumptions is high; referring to the laws of smoke evolution and development, the types of large building spaces are scientifically divided into flat and (slender) tall types, and different simplified calculation methods are proposed for the smoke movement forms in specific spaces. Furthermore, fire sources with specific dimensions are abstracted into point sources, which greatly simplifies the difficulty of the calculation process. Attached Figure Description
[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:
[0051] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a simplified calculation method for a large-space smoke movement model in a building.
[0052] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the development and evolution of flue gas in flat and tall open spaces. Detailed Implementation
[0053] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0054] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0055] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.
[0056] This invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of this invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not adhering to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. In actual fabrication, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.
[0057] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," or "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0058] Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; similarly, they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or direct connections, or indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0059] Example 1
[0060] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a simplified calculation method for a large-space smoke movement model in buildings, including:
[0061] S100: Determine the corresponding architectural space category based on the geometric shape of a specific large space. When the length (width) of the space is greater than twice the height of the space, it is a flat large space; otherwise, it is a (slender) tall large space.
[0062] It should be noted that large spaces are categorized into two main types: flat and tall / slender. This is because the development and evolution of smoke plumes differ significantly between these two types of spaces. In flat / slender spaces, smoke plumes rise due to thermal buoyancy and first hit the ceiling before forming a ceiling jet, then diffuse horizontally outwards. In tall / slender spaces, however, smoke may first hit the surrounding walls, or, due to temperature gradients, directly accumulate as a smoke layer without reaching the ceiling. Therefore, it is necessary to first distinguish between the types of large spaces and then use different formulas to describe the movement of smoke plumes within each space.
[0063] S200: Based on the building functions of different large spaces and in conjunction with relevant fire protection design codes or by using site fire testing methods, determine the specific values of the fire source power within the space.
[0064] It should be noted that there are three common types of fire sources: steady-state fire sources, non-steady-state fire sources, and calibrated fire sources. A steady-state fire source is one whose power does not change over time; a non-steady-state fire source is one whose power changes as a function of time; and a calibrated fire source is one whose power is determined through actual testing. Obviously, the value of the fire source power will vary significantly under different fire scenarios. The formula provided in this invention does not distinguish between fire source types, but rather uses the heat Q0 transferred by the fire source per unit time to calculate the value. The value of Q0 can be determined based on the fire scenario, relevant design specifications, or fire testing methods.
[0065] S300: If the space is a large, flat area, the room temperature needs to be measured; if it is a large, tall, narrow area, the corresponding temperature gradient N needs to be measured.
[0066]
[0067] Among them, T H T0 and T0 represent the top and bottom temperatures of the large space before the fire, respectively, H is the height of the space, and α is the volume expansion coefficient in heat transfer.
[0068] It should be noted that the development and evolution of fire smoke plumes differ significantly between flat, large spaces and tall, narrow spaces, a difference also reflected in temperature distribution. In flat, large spaces, the net height of the interior space does not cause significant temperature differences, so it can be simplified as a temperature-uniform environment for theoretical derivation. However, for tall, narrow spaces such as shopping mall atriums or airport waiting halls, due to their greater height, the temperature is often not uniformly distributed along the height, and a certain gradient inevitably exists. In this case, the derived model is obviously no longer applicable. Therefore, the formulas for tall, narrow spaces need to consider the influence of temperature gradients.
[0069] S400: Based on the obtained large-space temperature and fire source power values, the thermal buoyancy flux B0 of the fire source is calculated.
[0070]
[0071] Where α is the volume expansion coefficient in heat transfer, and c p ρ represents the specific heat capacity of ambient air at room temperature, ρ0 represents the ambient density near the fire load, and g represents the acceleration due to gravity.
[0072] It should be noted that the thermal buoyancy flux B0 is an intermediate quantity in the calculation. Its expression is obtained by simultaneously solving the flue gas momentum equation, the volumetric flow rate equation, and the buoyancy flux equation, and assuming that the heat released by the fire source is not lost during the rise of the smoke plume.
[0073] S500: Based on the known environmental conditions, the spatial distribution characteristics and amplitude of physical parameters such as flue gas velocity, temperature rise, and radius of motion are calculated.
[0074] For flat, large spaces:
[0075]
[0076]
[0077]
[0078] v Z =v Zc exp(-(R / b v ) 2 )
[0079] ΔT Z =ΔT Zc exp(-(R / b T ) 2 )
[0080] Where, ΔT Zc b represents the temperature difference between the plume at the point of extraction and the surrounding environment at an altitude of Z; v and b T All are feature dimensions (which can be obtained directly from experiments or previous data); v Zc V is the velocity at the point where the plume cross-section is drawn at height Z; Z v is the total volume of the smoke plume; Z Let ΔT be the plume velocity at height Z. Z R represents the plume temperature at height Z; R represents the plume extension radius at height Z.
[0081] It should be noted that the formula derivation for a flat, large space assumes that the plume velocity and temperature at moderate heights within the space follow a Gaussian distribution. By substituting these assumptions into the momentum and volumetric flow rate equations of the plume, the temperature rise, velocity, and volumetric flow rate of the flue gas at various heights, as well as the plume velocity and temperature at any point at a given height, can be calculated. For parameter b... v and b T Scholar Luo Di summarized and organized previous scholars' research, obtaining the typical value of the coefficient: b v / Z=0.126,b T / Z = 0.09.
[0082] For tall and slender individuals with ample space:
[0083]
[0084]
[0085]
[0086]
[0087] Where β = 0.5 is the entrainment coefficient; v Z Let Z be the plume velocity at height Z; Z corresponds to the plume height, and the parameter z can be solved inversely; ΔT Zc R represents the temperature difference between the plume at the point of extraction and the surrounding environment at a height of Z; Z The value represents the flue gas diffusion radius; the lowercase letters of each parameter represent the dimensionless expression of each physical quantity.
[0088] It should be noted that the formula derivation for the tall and narrow large space is obtained by simultaneously solving the force balance equation, momentum conservation equation, and volume flow conservation equation of the flue gas motion, and introducing the initial conditions at the fire source. The top position that the flue gas can reach in the tall and narrow large space, the flue gas velocity, temperature, and radius at height Z can be calculated.
[0089] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides a simplified calculation system for a large-space smoke motion model in buildings, including:
[0090] The spatial analysis module is used to analyze the geometric spatial form of large spaces and determine the corresponding architectural large space category, which includes flat large spaces and high large spaces;
[0091] The fire source power calculation module is used to determine the fire source power value in a space based on the building function of different large spaces, combined with relevant fire protection design specifications or by using site fire tests.
[0092] The temperature calculation module is used to measure the temperature of large spaces and calculate the corresponding temperature gradient according to different types of large building spaces.
[0093] The thermal buoyancy flux calculation module is used to calculate and determine the thermal buoyancy flux of the fire source based on the obtained large space temperature and fire source power values.
[0094] The spatial distribution calculation module is used to calculate and determine the spatial distribution characteristics and amplitude of physical parameters such as smoke velocity, temperature rise, and radius of motion, based on the known environmental conditions, for early detection and smoke exhaust design in large-space fires.
[0095] This embodiment also provides a computer device applicable to simplified calculation methods for smoke motion models in large building spaces, including:
[0096] The system includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores computer-executable instructions, and the processor executes these instructions to implement the simplified calculation method for the smoke motion model in a large building space as proposed in the above embodiments.
[0097] The computer device can be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.
[0098] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the simplified calculation method for realizing a large-space smoke motion model of a building as proposed in the above embodiments.
[0099] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment and the data storage method proposed in the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiments.
[0100] Example 2
[0101] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which provides a simplified calculation method for a large-space smoke movement model in a building. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through calculation.
[0102] It should be noted that finding analytical solutions to simultaneous differential equations and their boundary conditions is quite difficult. Therefore, the Runge-Kutta numerical method is used to obtain numerical solutions to the above equations. The results of the correlation coefficient calculation are as follows. Wherein, parameter b represents a simplified expression of the net external force acting on the plume; parameter s... zc =u 2 / w represents the velocity along the plume axis, parameter Δ z =b / w represents the temperature rise along the plume axis, with parameter r z =w / u is R Z Dimensionless expression.
[0103] Based on Table 1, the values of these simplified parameters can be obtained. Further, the expressions for each parameter of the (slender) tall large space smoke motion model can be obtained. The simplified calculation results can improve the early detection and smoke exhaust design of large space fires, and greatly enhance the emergency response capability of large space buildings in the face of fire.
[0104] Table 1. Results of correlation coefficient calculation
[0105]
[0106] In summary, this method, based on the motion laws of weakly buoyant plumes and adhering to the principles of energy conservation, momentum conservation, and force balance, combined with reasonable assumptions based on experimental observations, provides parametric expressions for smoke motion models in two large-space configurations: flat and tall / slender. Fire simulations were conducted using the professional fire simulation software FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator), and the results were compared with the theoretical model presented in this method. The results showed that the calculated values of the theoretical smoke motion model and the FDS simulation results were quite close. Therefore, within normal and relatively small fire source ranges (HRR < 5MW), the accuracy and reliability of the large-space smoke motion model presented in this method can be verified.
[0107] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A simplified calculation method for a large-space smoke motion model in buildings, characterized in that: include, Analyze the geometric spatial form of large spaces to determine the corresponding architectural large space categories, which include flat large spaces and high large spaces; Based on the building functions of different large spaces, the power values of fire sources within the space are determined by combining relevant fire protection design codes or by using site fire tests. Based on different types of large architectural spaces, the temperature of the large spaces is measured and the corresponding temperature gradient is calculated and determined; Based on the obtained values of large space temperature and fire source power, the thermal buoyancy flux of the fire source is calculated and determined. Based on the known environmental conditions, the spatial distribution characteristics and amplitude of physical parameters such as smoke velocity, temperature rise, and radius of motion are calculated and determined for early detection and smoke exhaust design in large-space fires. The analysis of the geometric spatial form of large spaces determines the corresponding architectural large space categories, including: When the length or width of a space is greater than twice its height, the space is a flat, large space. Conversely, it is a tall, spacious building; The process of measuring the temperature of large spaces and calculating the corresponding temperature gradients based on different architectural space categories includes: If the space is a large, flat area, then the room temperature of the large space needs to be measured; The method of measuring the temperature of large spaces and calculating the corresponding temperature gradients based on different architectural space categories also includes... If the space is a large, high-ceilinged space, then the corresponding temperature gradient of the large space needs to be measured. : ； in, , These represent the temperatures at the top and bottom of the large space before the fire. For spatial height, is the coefficient of volumetric expansion in heat transfer; The formula used to calculate the thermal buoyancy flux of the fire source based on the obtained large-space temperature and fire source power values is as follows: ； in The coefficient of volumetric expansion in heat transfer is _____. This indicates the specific heat capacity of ambient air at room temperature. This indicates the ambient density near the fire load. Represents gravitational acceleration; The spatial distribution characteristics and amplitudes of physical parameters such as flue gas velocity, temperature rise, and radius of motion, obtained from the combined known environmental conditions, are calculated and determined. For flat, large spaces: ； ； in, For height is The temperature difference between the plume at the extraction point and the surrounding environment; and All of these are feature dimensions (which can be obtained directly from experiments or previous data); Let Z be the velocity at the point where the plume cross-section is drawn; The total volume of the smoke plume; For height is Plume velocity, For height is Temperature of the smoke plume; Represents height The radius of the plume extension at that location; The calculation and determination of the spatial distribution characteristics and amplitude of physical parameters such as flue gas velocity, temperature rise, and radius of motion, based on the known environmental conditions, also includes... For tall, spacious buildings: ； in, The entrainment coefficient; For height is Plume velocity; The parameters can be solved inversely based on the corresponding flue gas plume height. ; For height is The temperature difference between the plume at the extraction point and the surrounding environment; The value represents the flue gas diffusion radius; the lowercase letters of each parameter represent the dimensionless expression of each physical quantity.
2. A simplified calculation system for a large-space building smoke motion model, based on the simplified calculation method for the large-space building smoke motion model as described in claim 1, characterized in that: include, The spatial analysis module is used to analyze the geometric spatial form of large spaces and determine the corresponding architectural large space category, which includes flat large spaces and high large spaces; The fire source power calculation module is used to determine the fire source power value in a space based on the building function of different large spaces, combined with relevant fire protection design specifications or by using site fire tests. The temperature calculation module is used to measure the temperature of large spaces and calculate the corresponding temperature gradient according to different types of large building spaces. The thermal buoyancy flux calculation module is used to calculate and determine the thermal buoyancy flux of the fire source based on the obtained large space temperature and fire source power values. The spatial distribution calculation module is used to calculate and determine the spatial distribution characteristics and amplitude of physical parameters such as smoke velocity, temperature rise, and radius of motion, based on the known environmental conditions, for early detection and smoke exhaust design in large-space fires.
3. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method of claim 1.
4. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method of claim 1.