Method for selecting complete equipment of integrated anchor and trenching machine

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of roadway excavation, and provides a method for selecting a complete set of equipment of a combined excavating and bolting machine, which solves the problem of poor matching effect caused by non-uniform selection logic of the combined excavating and bolting machine. S1: determining key parameters of a roadway; S2: selecting the combined excavating and bolting machine; S3: after the initial selection of the combined excavating and bolting machine, the applicable parameter range of the initially selected machine type is compared with the floor rock compressive strength, the roadway slope, the roadway design length, the maximum transportation size and weight parameters in the underground mine; S4: selecting a complete set of an anchor rod transloading machine; S5: according to the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of coal and rock, the drilling parameter, the supporting process and the geological structure, the cutting capacity, the drillability and the pore forming quality of drilling, the preset supporting process and the influence degree of the geological structure are analyzed. The application adjusts the selection and matching scheme through the standardized and process-based equipment selection and matching analysis logic, improves the fusion of equipment and geological conditions, and provides a solution for the selection and matching of the combined excavating and bolting machine for rapid excavation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel excavation technology, specifically relating to a method for selecting a complete set of equipment for an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are three main types of mechanized tunneling methods in coal mines both domestically and internationally: The first type is a production line combining a cantilever tunneling machine and a single bolt drilling rig, which is characterized by its adaptability to various geological conditions; the second type is a production line combining a continuous coal mining machine and a bolt drilling rig, which is characterized by the need for tunneling in two or more roadways with cross-positioning construction, and is suitable for conditions with moderate to high stability in the surrounding rock; the third type is a production line mainly composed of a tunneling and bolting machine and a bolt transfer unit, which is characterized by achieving full-width cutting through a telescopic horizontal drum, and achieving mechanized parallel delayed support of bolts and cables through the machine's own top drill arm or side drill arm, thereby improving roadway formation efficiency and roadway advance, and is considered the most ideal operating method for coal mine roadway tunneling.

[0003] However, under current conditions, the following shortcomings still exist: 1. Numerous factors need to be considered, and the experience-based approach to equipment selection and matching needs improvement. On the one hand, with the development of equipment and technology, large-scale integrated tunneling and support equipment needs to fully consider detailed factors such as coal seam conditions, roadway specifications, and support parameters. Non-standardized and process-oriented selection and matching can easily lead to the omission of influencing factors. On the other hand, in today's rapidly developing computer and intelligent environment, both equipment manufacturers and coal mines lack algorithms for the rapid tunneling selection and matching of integrated tunneling and anchoring machines, and there are few reports on related logic, which seriously restricts the development of intelligent selection and matching and lacks the collection and analysis of relevant data. 2. The combination of tunneling and support processes is diverse and costly, but their integration needs to be improved, which may even affect safe production. For example, after the support parameters are determined, is it feasible to carry out only partial permanent support? Can the position of partial permanent support be adjusted? There is a lack of professional test methods, equipment, and quantitative evaluation standards on site beforehand. There are situations where the equipment is tested and explored after it arrives on site. If the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine is not applicable or causes a safety accident, it will cause serious losses to the mine.

[0004] Currently, there is a lack of a selection and decision-making method for integrated tunneling and anchoring equipment in underground mining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for selecting and deciding on a complete set of tunneling and anchoring equipment.

[0006] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: a method for selecting and deciding on a complete set of tunneling and anchoring equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Determine key roadway parameters: Key parameters include three aspects: roadway specifications, support parameters, and coal seam conditions, and set the range of specific values ​​for the key parameters;

[0008] S2: Selection of Roadheader-Anchor Machine: Input the parameter requirements of each model of roadheader-anchor machine into the host computer, and then input the values ​​of roadway cross-section width, roadway cross-section height, minimum unsupported roof distance, minimum unsupported side distance, and coal and rock hardness. Determine whether all of the above parameters meet the parameter requirements of a certain model of existing roadheader-anchor machine. If they meet, the model of roadheader-anchor machine is initially determined; otherwise, the selection fails, and the one or more parameters that do not meet the requirements are marked.

[0009] S3: After the initial selection of the tunneling and anchoring machine is approved, the applicable parameter range of the initially selected machine model is compared with the compressive strength of the bottom rock of the coal mine, the slope of the roadway, the design length of the roadway, the maximum underground transport size and weight parameters to determine whether the applicable parameters of the initially selected machine model exceed the reasonable range. If they exceed the applicable range, they are marked.

[0010] S4: Selection of anchor bolt transfer unit: First, determine the classification of anchor bolt transfer unit based on the roadway cross-sectional height; second, determine the support range of the tunneling and anchoring machine and the anchor bolt transfer unit; finally, through comprehensive analysis of support parameter classification and support process segmentation, preliminarily determine the equipment model of the anchor bolt transfer unit.

[0011] S5: Based on the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of coal and rock, drilling parameters, support technology, and geological structure, analyze the cutting capacity, drillability and hole quality, pre-set support technology, and degree of influence of geological structure to improve the selection and matching scheme.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the roadway specifications include the roadway cross-sectional width, roadway cross-sectional height, roadway design length, and roadway design maximum dip angle; the support parameters include the support method, the number of anchor bolts or anchor cables, and the spacing between anchor bolts or anchor cables; and the coal seam conditions include the coal seam thickness, roof and floor lithology, gas emission rate, and water inflow rate.

[0013] Preferably, in step S3, if the actual roadway slope is 10°, the parameter range of the applicable roadway slope for the initially selected model is 0 to 8°. At this time, the roadway slope exceeds the applicable roadway slope for the equipment. This parameter is marked, and a corresponding improvement strategy for the initially selected model is proposed.

[0014] Preferably, in step S4, when 3m ≤ tunnel cross-section height ≤ 4m, the type of anchor bolt transfer unit is ordinary; when the tunnel cross-section height < 3m, the type of anchor bolt transfer unit is low-profile.

[0015] Preferably, in step S4, the support ranges of the roadheader-anchoring jumbo and the bolting and transferring unit include the vertical support range and the swing angle support range. The vertical support range is a fixed value. The swing angle support range of the roof drill of the roadheader-anchoring jumbo is related to the roadway height, and the swing angle support range of the rib drill is related to the roadway width. Determine the support ranges of various models of roadheader-anchoring jumbos and bolting and transferring units under the actual roadway specification conditions.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, the support of the roof bolts and cable bolts is divided into m types according to the support parameters. Each type is further divided into n cases according to the quantity and position of the lag bolts and the quantity and position of the lag cable bolts in the support process. Determine whether the bolts supported by the roadheader-anchoring jumbo are within the support range of the selected roadheader-anchoring jumbo in each case. If it passes, continue to determine whether the bolts and cable bolts supported by the bolting and transferring unit are within the support range of a certain model of bolting and transferring unit. If it passes, complete the preliminary selection and matching of the bolting and transferring unit. If it does not pass, mark the reason for non-pass and make corresponding decision suggestions.

[0017] Preferably, in step S5, the coal and rock Prandtl hardness coefficient is used to judge the grooving cutting ability of the roadheader-anchoring jumbo on the coal and rock mass. When the conventional coal and rock Prandtl hardness coefficient f ≤ 4 and the local coal and rock Prandtl hardness coefficient f ≤ 6, it is applicable to any model of roadheader-anchoring jumbo. When the conventional coal and rock Prandtl hardness coefficient 4 < f ≤ 5 and the local coal and rock Prandtl hardness coefficient 6 < f ≤ 7, it is applicable to the semi-coal-rock type roadheader-anchoring jumbo.

[0018] Preferably, in step S5, the analysis of the drillability and hole-forming quality of the boreholes includes testing the roof and rib boreholes of the roadway respectively by a test jumbo according to the preliminarily determined support equipment and technology. Judge the matching degree between the thrust and rotation speed of the drill boom and the surrounding rock of the roof or rib of the roadway according to the time for the drill pipe to drill to a predetermined depth. If the matching degree is poor, adjust the thrust or rotation speed of the drill boom. And record whether there is hole collapse or pipe jamming on site. If there is such a phenomenon, adjust the drill pipe to a plum blossom drill.

[0019] Preferably, in step S5, the analysis of the preset support technology includes continuously scanning each section of the roadway to judge whether the empty roof distance N, the empty rib distance O, and the cable bolt lag distance P are feasible. If the measured value of the convergence deformation of the roadway section is within a reasonable range, the support technology is feasible. If the convergence deformation of the roadway section is large or there are phenomena such as rib spalling and roof leakage, it is necessary to improve the equipment selection or the support technology.

[0020] Preferably, in step S5, the analysis of the geological structure includes counting the number of discovered or predicted faults and collapse columns within the井田 range, and analyzing the influence of the geological structure on the rapid tunneling of the roadheader-anchoring jumbo according to the fault density, the fault length index, and the collapse column density.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] This invention addresses the shortcomings in the selection and matching of equipment for integrated tunneling and anchoring machines (IMTMs) for rapid tunneling, including the lack of experience-based and standardized software, programs, and logic, poor integration of equipment with support parameters and processes, and a lack of professional small-scale testing methods and equipment in the early stages. The invention provides a standardized and streamlined method for selecting and matching equipment for IMTMs, enabling standardized and process-oriented analysis of equipment selection and matching. Through field surveys and actual measurements, the method adjusts the selection and matching scheme, reduces trial-and-error costs, leverages the advantages of integrated tunneling and support in rapid tunneling, and improves the integration of equipment with geological conditions, thus providing a solution for the selection and matching of IMTMs for rapid tunneling. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the selection and matching logic for a rapid tunneling machine with integrated tunneling and anchoring capabilities;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support range of the tunneling and anchoring machine and the anchor bolt transfer unit;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting logic for the anchor bolt transfer unit;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental drilling rig;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support process and monitoring section of the present invention (top view of the tunnel roof);

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support process and monitoring section of the present invention (side view of both sides of the tunnel).

[0030] In the diagram: 1-Tunnel cross-section; 2-Anchor bolts supporting the tunnel boring machine; 3-Anchor bolts supporting the bolt transfer unit; 4-Anchor cable supporting the bolt transfer unit; 5-Tunnel boring machine; 6-Anchor transfer unit; 7-Top drill arm of tunnel boring machine; 8-Side drill arm of tunnel boring machine; 9-Top drill arm of bolt transfer unit; 10-Side drill arm of bolt transfer unit; 11-Test drilling rig; 12-Drill arm; 13-Drill rod; A-Outer swing angle support range of tunnel boring machine; B-Vertical support range of tunnel boring machine; C-Inner swing angle support range of tunnel boring machine; D-Outer swing angle support range of bolt transfer unit; E-Vertical support range of bolt transfer unit; F-Inner swing angle support range of bolt transfer unit; G-Swing angle support range of the top drill arm in the middle of bolt transfer unit; H-Swing angle support range of tunnel boring machine; I-Vertical support range of tunnel boring machine; Protection range; J - Vertical support range of the sidewall of the bolt transfer unit; K - Sidewall swing angle support range of the bolt transfer unit; L - Roadway cross-section width; M - Roadway cross-section height; N - Distance between the roof and the ground; O - Distance between the sidewall and the ground; P - Anchor cable lag distance; Q - First monitoring section; R - Second monitoring section; S - Third monitoring section; y - Swing angle support range; x - Height of the drill arm rotation point from the roof; ① - First roof support bolt of the integrated tunneling and bolting machine; ② - Second roof support bolt of the integrated tunneling and bolting machine; ④ - Third roof support bolt of the integrated tunneling and bolting machine; ⑤ - Fourth roof support bolt of the integrated tunneling and bolting machine; ⑥ - First side support bolt of the integrated tunneling and bolting machine; ⑦ - Second side support bolt of the integrated tunneling and bolting machine; ⑨ - Third side support bolt of the integrated tunneling and bolting machine; ⑩ - Fourth side support bolt of the integrated tunneling and bolting machine; ③ - Roof support bolt of the bolt transfer unit; ⑧ - First side support bolt of the bolt transfer unit. -Second support anchor bolt of the anchor bolt transfer unit. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only used to complement the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationships, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention. It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0033] This invention provides an embodiment:

[0034] A method for selecting and deciding on a complete set of tunneling and anchoring equipment includes the following steps:

[0035] S1: Determine key parameters of the roadway: Key parameters include three aspects: roadway specifications, support parameters and coal seam conditions. Based on the applicable conditions of the equipment, the specific value range of the key parameters is set to provide a basic framework for subsequent equipment selection and matching.

[0036] S2: Selection of Roadheader-Anchor Machine: Input the parameter requirements of each model of roadheader-anchor machine into the host computer, and then input the values ​​of roadway cross-section width, roadway cross-section height, minimum unsupported roof distance, minimum unsupported side distance, and coal and rock hardness. Determine whether all of the above parameters meet the parameter requirements of a certain model of existing roadheader-anchor machine 5. If they meet, the model of roadheader-anchor machine 5 is preliminarily determined; otherwise, the selection fails, and the one or more parameters that do not meet the requirements are marked.

[0037] S3: After the initial selection of the tunneling and anchoring machine is approved, the applicable parameter range of the initially selected machine model is compared with the compressive strength of the bottom rock of the coal mine, the slope of the roadway, the design length of the roadway, the maximum underground transport size and weight parameters to determine whether the applicable parameters of the initially selected machine model exceed the reasonable range. If they exceed the applicable range, they are marked.

[0038] S4: Selection of anchor bolt transfer unit: First, determine the classification of anchor bolt transfer unit 6 based on the roadway cross-sectional height; second, determine the support range of the tunneling and anchoring machine 5 and anchor bolt transfer unit 6; finally, through comprehensive analysis of support parameter classification and support process segmentation, preliminarily determine the equipment model of anchor bolt transfer unit 6.

[0039] S5: Based on the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of coal and rock, drilling parameters, support technology, and geological structure, analyze the cutting capacity, drillability and hole quality, pre-set support technology, and degree of influence of geological structure to improve the selection and matching scheme.

[0040] In this invention, the complete set of tunneling and anchoring equipment mainly includes four core pieces of equipment: a tunneling and anchoring machine, an anchoring, transporting, and breaking machine, a belt conveyor, and a self-propelled tail section. Each of these has several models, and the choice of model varies depending on geological conditions. The belt conveyor and self-propelled tail section have a narrow selection range and are relatively simple to match; therefore, manual selection and matching are sufficient, and specific selection details will not be elaborated here.

[0041] Specifically, roadway specifications include roadway cross-sectional width, roadway cross-sectional height, roadway design length, and roadway design maximum dip angle. Support parameters include support method, number of anchor bolts or cables, and spacing between anchor bolts or cables. Coal seam conditions include coal seam thickness, roof and floor lithology, gas emission rate, and water inflow rate. The above key parameters are determined based on the actual geological conditions of the roadway, the tunneling technology of adjacent mines or similar roadways in this mine, roadway support design, mine mining continuity, and tunneling operation procedures.

[0042] Selection of Roadheader-Anchor (TOA) Machines: Currently, TOA machine models are broadly categorized into high-extraction, standard, thin coal seam, semi-coal-rock, and small-roof-slab types based on applicable conditions. A logical correlation is established between the applicable roadway cross-section width, roadway cross-section height, minimum roof-to-slab distance, minimum side-to-slab distance, and coal / rock hardness for each model. It is then determined whether all parameters meet the requirements of a specific TOA machine model. If they do, the TOA model 5 is preliminarily selected. If any parameter is inconsistent, the selection fails. The previously established logic identifies the inconsistent single or multiple parameters, displaying a pop-up message to inform the decision-maker of the root cause. Subsequently, through logical settings, each parameter is compared against the initially selected model and parameters such as floor rock compressive strength, roadway slope, roadway design length, and maximum underground transport dimensions and weight to ensure they do not exceed reasonable ranges. If any parameters exceed the applicable range, they are noted in the precautions section, indicating their order, to facilitate systematic customization by the decision-maker and prevent omissions. For example: If the actual slope of the roadway is 10°, and the applicable roadway slope parameter range for the initially selected model is 0 to 8°, then the roadway slope exceeds the applicable roadway slope of the equipment. This parameter should be marked, and corresponding improvement strategies for the initially selected model should be proposed. The specific improvement strategy could be: enhance the walking drive power to increase the applicable roadway slope of the equipment to 10°.

[0043] Selection of anchor bolt transfer unit:

[0044] 1. First, based on the roadway height M, determine the classification of the bolt transfer unit 6: when 3m ≤ roadway cross-section height M ≤ 4m, the bolt transfer unit 6 is of the ordinary type (body height 2.2-2.8m); when the roadway cross-section height M < 3m, the bolt transfer unit 6 is of the low type (body height 1.7-2.0m).

[0045] 2. Next, determine the support range of the tunneling and anchoring machine 5 and the anchor bolt transfer unit 6: Statistically analyze the support range of each model of tunneling and anchoring machine 5 and anchor bolt transfer unit 6, and after merging and organizing them, program them using a programming language. That is, after inputting the roadway specifications, the support range of each piece of equipment under the conditions can be displayed, and it can be determined whether the anchor bolts or anchor cables being supported are within the range.

[0046] Under normal circumstances, the tunneling and anchoring integrated machine 5 typically has 6 drilling arms (4 top and 2 side). The anchor bolt transfer unit 6 can be divided into two-arm, four-arm (2 top and 2 side), five-arm (3 top and 2 side), and six-arm (4 top and 2 side) types according to the number of drilling arms. Figure 2 The support range of the tunnel boring machine 5 and the anchor bolt transfer unit 6 (five arms) are used as examples for analysis and explanation. The other supporting combinations are similar.

[0047] Figure 2 In this context, the support range includes the vertical support range and the swing angle support range. The vertical support range is a fixed value, independent of the roadway height or width. The swing angle support range of the top drill for both types of equipment is related to the roadway height, while the swing angle support range of the side drill is related to the roadway width. Taking the swing angle support range C of the top drill of the integrated roadheader and anchor machine as an example, the details are explained below. Let y be the swing support range, and x be the height of the swing rotation point from the roadway roof. Determine the constants k and c. Using the formula y = kx + c, the swing angle support range of the equipment under different roadway height conditions can be calculated programmatically. The other swing angle support ranges are similar and will not be detailed here.

[0048] 3. Finally, through comprehensive analysis of support parameter classification and support process segmentation, the model of anchor bolt transfer unit 6 equipment was preliminarily determined, and support suggestions were proposed.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the support parameters for roof anchor bolts and cables are divided into nine types according to conventional support parameters. Each type is further subdivided into different cases based on the number and location of lagging roof anchor bolts and lagging cables in the support process, and different logics are set for each case. Support suggestions are proposed for each specific case. If the set logic is met, the preliminary selection of anchor bolt transfer unit 6 is completed. If the set logic is not met or the current equipment cannot cover all anchor bolts or cables, the analysis software stops running, finds the reason for the selection failure, and pops up an information box to explain. Figure 3 Taking the top slab with 5 anchor bolts and 2 anchor cables as an example, the logic is as follows:

[0050] 3.1. Set the logic for anchor bolt lag of 0, 1, 2, or ≥2. Set the logic according to typical actual conditions. For example, if there are 5 anchor bolts and 2 anchor cables on the top slab, and the lag is 0 anchor bolts, the software should display the message "Not feasible, the tunneling and anchoring machine cannot support the anchor bolts in the middle of the top slab. Please adjust the lag number of top anchor bolts," and then stop running.

[0051] 3.2. After the number of lagging roof bolts passes, fill in the positions of the lagging bolts: Position 1, Position 2, and Position 3. The internal logic is that the starting point of this position is the middle of the roof, with negative values on the left and positive values on the right. Therefore, when the number of lagging bolts is odd, the absolute values of Position 2 and Position 3 are equal. For example, when there is 1 lagging bolt, the position of the lagging bolt 1 is 0, (Positions 2 and 3 are default filled with "none"), then determine the bolt support technology, that is, 4 roof bolts are supported by the continuous miner 5, and the middle bolt is supported by the bolt transfer unit 6.

[0052] 3.3. Set the logic for the number of lagging cable bolts being 0, 1, or 2. Set the logic prompt according to the conventional actual situation. For example: For 5 roof bolts and 2 cable bolts on the roof, when there is 1 lagging bolt and the position of the lagging bolt 1 is 0, if the number of lagging cable bolts is set to 1, then prompt "Not feasible. When the number of cable bolts is even, the number of lagging bolts is usually even. Please adjust the number of lagging cable bolts", and the software stops running.

[0053] 3.4. After the number of lagging cable bolts passes, fill in the positions of the lagging cable bolts: Position 1, Position 2, and Position 3. The internal logic is that the starting point of this position is the middle of the roof, with negative values on the left and positive values on the right. For example: For 5 roof bolts and 2 cable bolts on the roof, when there is 1 lagging bolt, the position of the lagging bolt 1 is 0, and when there are 2 lagging cable bolts, fill in the positions of the lagging cable bolts 1 and 2 respectively (Position 3 is default filled with "none"), then determine the cable bolt support technology, that is, 2 cable bolts are supported by the bolt transfer unit 6.

[0054] 3.5. Matching of the bolt transfer unit: Determine the roadway specifications, the model of the continuous miner, and the support technology (there are 5 roof bolts in total, with 1 lagging; 2 cable bolts, all lagging). Judge whether bolts No. ①, ②, ④, and ⑤ are within the support range of the continuous miner 5. If it passes, then judge whether bolt No.③ and the 2 cable bolts are within the range of a certain model of bolt transfer unit 6. If it passes, then the matching of the bolt transfer unit 6 is initially completed. If it does not pass, set the logic to find the reason for non - passing. For example, if some bolts or cable bolts are not within the support range, then remind the decision - maker "Bolts or cable bolts are not within the support range. Please modify the support parameters or customize a special model".

[0055] Step S5. The Proctor hardness coefficient of coal and rock is used to judge the grooving cutting ability of the continuous miner for coal and rock mass. Specifically, use rock cylinders in a saturated state (diameter 50mm, height - to - diameter ratio 2:1, 6 in each group). The compressive strength of the test piece is used to convert the Proctor coefficient f of the rock. When the conventional Proctor hardness coefficient of coal and rock f ≤ 4 and the local Proctor hardness coefficient of coal and rock f ≤ 6, it is applicable to any model of the continuous miner 5; when the conventional Proctor hardness coefficient of coal and rock 4 < f ≤ 5 and the local Proctor hardness coefficient of coal and rock 6 < f ≤ 7, it is applicable to the continuous miner 5 for semi - coal - rock models; when the conventional coal hardness f ≥ 6 or the local coal hardness f ≥ 8, it is not temporarily applicable to the continuous miner 5.

[0056] The analysis of drillability and hole quality includes drilling tests on the roof and sides of the roadway using a test drilling rig 11, based on the preliminarily determined support equipment and process. The test drilling rig 11 is self-propelled, equipped with its own power pump station and temporary support, and carries a standard mechanical drill arm 12. The degree of matching between the thrust and rotation speed of the drill arm 12 and the surrounding rock of the roadway roof or side is determined based on the time it takes for the drill rod 13 to reach the predetermined depth. In this embodiment, the drilling time of the drill rod 13 to reach the specified depth is divided into three categories: Category I, Category II, and Category III. Taking a 2m long anchor rod 13 as an example, a drilling time of less than 6 minutes is Category I, indicating that the thrust and rotation speed of the drill arm 12 match the surrounding rock of the roof or side; a drilling time of 6 to 8 minutes is Category II, indicating that the thrust and rotation speed of the drill arm 12 are relatively well matched with the surrounding rock of the roof or side; a drilling time of more than 8 minutes is Category III, indicating that the thrust and rotation speed of the drill arm 12 are poorly matched with the surrounding rock of the roof or side, and the rotation speed or thrust needs to be adjusted in the equipment improvement plan. Record whether there are any hole collapses or rod clamping phenomena on site, especially on the sidewalls. If such phenomena exist, drill rod 13 should be adjusted to a cloverleaf drill or other corresponding measures should be taken.

[0057] The analysis of the preset support process uses this parameter primarily to simulate the feasibility of the predetermined selection and matching scheme and support process. The measured parameters include the roof-to-slope distance N, the side-to-slope distance O, and the anchor cable lag distance P. Continuous scanning of each cross-section of the roadway is performed to determine the feasibility of the roof-to-slope distance N, the side-to-slope distance O, and the anchor cable lag distance P. Specifically, the measurement method is as follows: the first cross-section Q is tested primarily to analyze the feasibility of the roof-to-slope distance N; the second cross-section R is tested primarily to analyze the feasibility of the side-to-slope distance O; and the third cross-section S is tested primarily to analyze the feasibility of the number and location of the roof anchor cable lags. Scanning is performed on each cross-section of the roadway every 30 minutes for 8 consecutive hours. If the measured convergence deformation of the roadway cross-section is within a reasonable range, the support process is considered feasible; if the convergence deformation of the roadway cross-section is large or side-to-slope spalling or roof leakage occurs, the equipment selection or support process needs to be improved.

[0058] The analysis of geological structures includes counting the number of discovered or predicted faults and collapse columns within the mining area, based on fault density (number of faults / km²). 2 Fault length index (m / km) 2 ), density of collapse columns (units / km) 2 )Analyze the impact of geological structure on the rapid tunneling of the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine.

[0059] Based on the survey and test results, adjust the selection and matching scheme, repeat the above steps, until a reasonable and feasible selection and matching scheme is determined.

[0060] Currently, selection decisions rely primarily on the experience or subjective judgment of technical personnel, lacking professional and mature database support and logical methods, resulting in unscientific outcomes and high trial-and-error costs. This invention's patented method first establishes a database of tunneling and anchoring machine equipment parameters and application practices. Starting with coal seam conditions, roadway conditions, and machine characteristics, it sets ranges or options for specific values ​​of key parameters involved in the selection. Then, based on the inherent relationship between geological condition parameters and the tunneling and anchoring machine, it programmatically develops the logic of the complete set of tunneling and anchoring machine equipment and geological conditions. Simultaneously, based on roadway height, equipment support range, support parameter classification, and support technology, it forms logical programs for multiple schemes, refining each possible support scenario and providing targeted programming instructions and logical constraints to initially determine the equipment model. Finally, based on the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of coal and rock, drilling parameters, support technology, and geological structure, it analyzes the cutting capacity, drillability and hole quality, preset support technology, and the degree of influence of geological structure, ensuring that the selected matching scheme achieves optimal matching.

[0061] This method transforms human thought into software selection for integrated tunneling and anchoring equipment, prioritizing key components, employing clear and logical selection processes, ensuring the software program aligns with practical realities, and conducting thorough research and testing. It closely integrates theory and practice, representing a procedural, standardized, and scientific approach to selecting and matching rapid tunneling equipment. This method can scientifically guide users in making correct decisions regarding integrated tunneling and anchoring equipment in the early stages.

[0062] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for selecting a complete set of equipment for an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1: Determine key roadway parameters: Key parameters include three aspects: roadway specifications, support parameters, and coal seam conditions, and set the range of specific values ​​for the key parameters; S2: Selection of Roadheader-Anchor Machine: Input the parameter requirements of each model of roadheader-anchor machine into the host computer, and then input the values ​​of roadway cross-section width, roadway cross-section height, minimum unsupported roof distance, minimum unsupported side distance, and coal and rock hardness. Determine whether all of the above parameters meet the parameter requirements of a certain model of existing roadheader-anchor machine. If they meet, the model of roadheader-anchor machine is initially determined; otherwise, the selection fails, and the one or more parameters that do not meet the requirements are marked. S3: After the initial selection of the tunneling and anchoring machine is approved, the applicable parameter range of the initially selected machine model is compared with the compressive strength of the bottom rock of the coal mine, the slope of the roadway, the design length of the roadway, the maximum underground transport size and weight parameters to determine whether the applicable parameters of the initially selected machine model exceed the reasonable range. If they exceed the applicable range, they are marked. S4: Selection of anchor bolt transfer unit: First, determine the classification of anchor bolt transfer unit based on the roadway cross-sectional height; second, determine the support range of the tunneling and anchoring machine and the anchor bolt transfer unit; finally, through comprehensive analysis of support parameter classification and support process segmentation, preliminarily determine the equipment model of the anchor bolt transfer unit. S5: Based on the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of coal and rock, drilling parameters, support technology, and geological structure, analyze the cutting capacity, drillability and hole quality, pre-set support technology, and degree of influence of geological structure to improve the selection and matching scheme.

2. The method for selecting a complete set of equipment for an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the roadway specifications include the roadway cross-sectional width, roadway cross-sectional height, roadway design length, and roadway design maximum dip angle. The support parameters include the support method, the number of anchor bolts or anchor cables, and the spacing between anchor bolts or anchor cables. The coal seam conditions include the coal seam thickness, roof and floor lithology, gas emission rate, and water inflow rate.

3. The method for selecting a complete set of equipment for an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, if the actual slope of the roadway is 10°, the parameter range of the applicable roadway slope for the initially selected model is 0 to 8°. At this time, the roadway slope exceeds the applicable roadway slope for the equipment. This parameter is marked, and a corresponding improvement strategy for the initially selected model is proposed.

4. The method for selecting a complete set of equipment for an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when 3m ≤ tunnel cross-section height ≤ 4m, the type of anchor bolt transfer unit is ordinary; when the tunnel cross-section height ≤ 3m, the type of anchor bolt transfer unit is low-profile.

5. The method for selecting a complete set of equipment for an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the support range of the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine and the anchor bolt transfer unit includes the vertical support range and the sway angle support range. The vertical support range is a fixed value. The sway angle support range of the top drill of the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine and the anchor bolt transfer unit is related to the roadway height, and the sway angle support range of the side drill is related to the roadway width. The support range of each model of integrated tunneling and anchoring machine and anchor bolt transfer unit is determined under the actual roadway specifications.

6. The method for selecting a complete set of equipment for an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the support of top anchor bolts and anchor cables is divided into m types according to the support parameters. Each type is further subdivided into n cases based on the number and location of lagging anchor bolts and lagging anchor cables in the support process. It is determined whether the anchor bolts supported by the tunneling and anchoring machine in each case are within the support range of the selected tunneling and anchoring machine. If they pass, it is further determined whether the anchor bolts and anchor cables supported by the anchor bolt transfer unit are within the support range of a certain model of anchor bolt transfer unit. If they pass, the preliminary selection and matching of the anchor bolt transfer unit is completed. If they fail, the reason for the failure is marked and corresponding decision suggestions are made.

7. The method for selecting a complete set of equipment for an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of coal and rock is used to determine the cutting and grooving capability of the tunneling and anchoring machine for coal and rock. When the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of conventional coal and rock is f≤4 and the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of local coal and rock is f≤6, it is applicable to any model of tunneling and anchoring machine. When the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of conventional coal and rock is f≤5 and the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of local coal and rock is f≤7, it is applicable to tunneling and anchoring machines of the semi-coal and rock type.

8. The method for selecting a complete set of equipment for a tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5, the analysis of drillability and hole quality, includes testing the drilling of the roadway roof and sidewalls using a test drilling rig based on the preliminarily determined support equipment and process. The matching degree between the drilling arm's thrust and rotation speed and the surrounding rock of the roadway roof or sidewall is judged based on the time it takes for the drill rod to drill to the predetermined depth. If the matching degree is poor, the drilling arm's thrust or rotation speed needs to be adjusted. The presence of hole collapse or rod clamping phenomena on site is also recorded. If such phenomena exist, the drill rod needs to be adjusted to a cloverleaf drill.

9. The method for selecting a complete set of equipment for an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5, the analysis of the preset support process includes continuously scanning each cross section of the roadway to determine whether the roof-to-cab distance N, the side-to-side distance O, and the anchor cable lag distance P are feasible. If the measured value of the roadway cross section convergence deformation is within a reasonable range, then the support process is feasible. If the roadway cross section convergence deformation is large or side-to-side or roof-to-cab phenomena occur, then the equipment selection or support process needs to be improved.

10. The method for selecting a complete set of equipment for an integrated tunneling and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 involves analyzing the geological structure, including counting the number of discovered or predicted faults and collapse columns within the well field, and analyzing the impact of the geological structure on the rapid tunneling of the integrated tunneling and anchoring machine based on fault density, fault length index, and collapse column density.

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