A local high-concentration lithium metal battery electrolyte, a preparation method and application thereof

By using a locally high-concentration lithium metal battery electrolyte and a stable interface film formed by a high-dielectric-constant solvent and a fluorinated ether diluent, the discharge capacity and conductivity problems of lithium metal batteries under low temperature and high pressure are solved, achieving efficient and stable battery performance.

CN115966769BActive Publication Date: 2026-02-03CENT SOUTH UNIV
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202310170038.2
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2023-02-27
Publication Date
2026-02-03
Estimated Expiration
2043-02-27

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing lithium metal batteries have low discharge capacity and conductivity at low temperatures, uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth, and limited oxidation stability of traditional electrolytes at high voltages, which cannot meet the requirements of low-temperature and high-pressure applications.

Method used

A localized high-concentration lithium metal battery electrolyte is used. By using solvents with high dielectric constant and low melting point, as well as fluorinated film-forming additives and diluents, a stable interface film is formed, which increases the lithium salt concentration and conductivity, reduces viscosity, and improves battery cycle performance and low-temperature performance.

Benefits of technology

It remains liquid at extremely low temperatures, improving discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency, stabilizing the electrode/electrolyte interface, enhancing battery cycle stability, adapting to high-voltage conditions, and making it suitable for low-temperature, high-voltage lithium metal battery applications.

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Abstract

The application discloses a local high-concentration lithium metal battery electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, an organic solvent, an additive and a diluent; the organic solvent comprises at least one of methyl formate, methyl acetate, methyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl propionate, ethyl acetate, ethyl butyrate, methyl trifluoroacetate and ethyl trifluoroacetate; the additive comprises at least one of fluoroethylene carbonate, lithium difluorobisoxalate phosphate and lithium difluorophosphate; and the diluent is a fluorine-containing ether compound. The local high-concentration electrolyte has the advantages of high-voltage resistance of high-concentration electrolyte and inhibition of corrosion of sulfonimide-based electrolyte on aluminum foil, meanwhile, the problems of high viscosity, low conductivity and poor impregnation with a separator of high-concentration electrolyte are overcome, the cycle performance and low-temperature performance of the lithium metal battery are significantly improved, and the local high-concentration electrolyte is particularly suitable for application in a low-temperature high-voltage lithium battery. The preparation method is simple, the cost is low, and the method is suitable for industrial production.
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