A heat exchanger structure for temperature control of ultra-large high-speed centrifuge

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heat exchanger structure for temperature control of ultra-large high-speed centrifuges, comprising a plurality of heat exchanger units, fasteners, mounting ring beams, and gap baffles; the heat exchanger units are composed of expansion plates and a frame, and lugs are provided on both sides of the frame. In the present invention, a torque wrench is used to control the tightening torque of each fastening point. The five fixed points located at the center of the heat exchanger unit are fastened, and the remaining fixed points are loosened half a turn after tightening the remaining bolts. In this case, when the expansion plate expands and contracts due to heat and cold, it can slide freely in the horizontal and vertical directions while being fixed at the center, thereby preventing the generation of thermal stress. The five fully fastened points at the center and the remaining half-tightened fixed points allow the entire heat exchanger unit to retain a certain degree of freedom of expansion and contraction while having sufficient rigidity, thereby solving the problem of thermal coupling. The heat exchanger is suitable for large ultra-high-speed centrifuges and can meet the safety and service life requirements under the action of temperature-wind load coupling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of centrifuge temperature control heat exchangers, and in particular to a heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-large high-speed centrifuge. Background Art

[0002] During operation, the high-speed rotating arm of a large high-speed centrifuge causes friction in the air inside the centrifuge chamber, causing the air temperature to rise sharply. This temperature rise can damage centrifuge parts or the basket equipment. Therefore, when large high-speed centrifuges are in operation, temperature control must be considered to remove the heat from the centrifuge chamber in a timely manner.

[0003] The typical solution is to install a heat exchanger on the inner wall of the centrifuge chamber. Existing heat exchanger structures are typically jacketed heat exchangers with internal refrigerant flow channels. These heat exchangers are directly mounted on the inner wall of the centrifuge chamber using bolt assemblies through pre-reserved mounting holes on the heat exchanger. However, for large, high-speed centrifuges, wind speeds can reach up to 290 m / s, causing high-frequency, periodic pressure fluctuations in the heat exchanger on the inner wall of the chamber, with pressures reaching as high as 13,000 ± 2,000 Pa. Jacketed heat exchangers are relatively thin devices with poor rigidity. High-frequency wind pressure can cause resonance, air-elastic dispersion, fatigue, and other problems, seriously affecting their service life. In severe cases, they can fall off the inner wall of the centrifuge during operation, damaging the high-speed centrifuge and causing significant losses or even casualties.

[0004] The general solution is to improve the rigidity of the heat exchanger by increasing the thickness of the jacket or adding a rigid frame to the back of the heat exchanger. Increasing the thickness of the jacket will increase the heat transfer resistance of the heat exchanger, resulting in poor heat transfer. Simply increasing the thickness of the jacket will have a limited effect on improving rigidity and will not solve the problem. A heat exchanger frame composed of welded steel sections is added to the back of the heat exchanger. The thin plate heat exchanger is connected to the rigid frame through several connecting components. The more connecting components there are, the better the overall rigidity of the heat exchanger. However, since the temperature of the heat exchanger fluctuates between -30℃ and 40℃, the heat exchanger will expand and contract with heat, with a maximum expansion of 5mm, which will cause huge temperature stress at the connection. Under the influence of temperature stress, external wind load pressure, and deadweight, the heat exchanger connection components will intensify fatigue and easily cause failure of the connection components. The more connecting components there are, the greater the temperature stress. Once a weak connection component fails, it will cause other connections to fail continuously, eventually causing the heat exchanger to fall off the frame. The usual way to solve the temperature stress of the heat exchanger is to open long holes at the connection to allow the heat exchanger to expand and contract freely on the frame. However, this method will reduce the overall rigidity of the heat exchanger, which contradicts the requirements mentioned above.

[0005] When the centrifuge rotates at high speed, the aerodynamic boundary inside the machine room must be continuous and smooth to effectively reduce wind resistance. At this time, the heat exchanger surface needs to be completely smooth and without holes. Usually, there are mounting holes on the heat exchanger, which will affect the wind resistance during the operation of the centrifuge and cause the centrifuge to be overloaded. Therefore, the surface of the heat exchanger structure needs to be smooth, and the installed components must be on the back of the heat exchanger. During the operation of the centrifuge, parts may fly out of the hanging basket and hit the heat exchanger at extremely high speeds, causing damage to the heat exchanger. Therefore, the heat exchanger needs to be easily disassembled from the inner wall. However, due to the requirement that the heat exchanger surface is smooth and without holes, the heat exchanger cannot be disassembled by directly removing the bolts from the front of the heat exchanger, and a special structure is required.

[0006] In summary, the present invention proposes a heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-large high-speed centrifuge, which can take all the above requirements into consideration at the same time. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to propose a heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-large high-speed centrifuge.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-large high-speed centrifuge, comprising a plurality of heat exchanger units, fasteners, a mounting ring beam, and gap blocking pieces;

[0010] The heat exchanger unit is composed of an expansion plate and a frame. Ear pieces are provided on both sides of the frame. The expansion plate is connected to the frame through fasteners. A plurality of hooks are provided on the frame at the top.

[0011] The fastener includes a customized bolt, a double nut, and a spring washer, wherein the spring washer is sleeved on the customized bolt, and the double nut is screwed together with the customized bolt;

[0012] An annular slide rail is provided on the top of the mounting ring beam, and a fixed vertical beam is provided on the mounting ring beam and below the annular slide rail.

[0013] Preferably, the skeleton is formed by welding stainless steel square steel, and the skeleton includes vertical beams and transverse beams. The vertical beams are continuous structures, and the transverse beams are interrupted structures. The vertical beams are provided with bolt holes.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the customized bolt is welded to the expansion plate.

[0015] Preferably, the ear pieces on two adjacent skeletons are staggered.

[0016] Preferably, the gap blocking piece is installed at the joint of two frames.

[0017] Preferably, a thermal insulation pad is provided between the expansion plate and the frame.

[0018] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. In this application, a torque wrench is used to control the tightening torque of each fastening point. The five fixed points located in the center of the heat exchanger unit are fastened, and the remaining fixed points are loosened half a turn after tightening the remaining bolts. In this case, when the expansion plate expands and contracts due to heat and cold, it can slide freely in the horizontal and vertical directions while being fixed in the center to prevent thermal stress. The five completely fastened points in the center and the remaining half-tightened fixed points allow the entire heat exchanger unit to retain a certain degree of freedom of expansion and contraction while having sufficient rigidity, thereby solving the problem of thermal coupling. The heat exchanger is suitable for large ultra-high-speed centrifuges and can meet the safety and life requirements under the coupling of temperature and wind load.

[0020] 2. In this application, the customized bolts on the back of the expansion plate are passed through the bolt holes on the vertical beams, and spring washers and double nuts are sequentially installed for tightening to complete the assembly of the heat exchanger unit. Then, the top hook is hung on the annular slide rail of the mounting ring beam pre-welded on the inner wall of the centrifuge chamber. The two adjacent heat exchanger units are slid together to connect the two. Then, the ear pieces on one side of the heat exchanger unit are fastened to the bolt holes on the fixed vertical beams by fixing bolts. Finally, the gap baffle is welded to the gap between the two heat exchanger expansion plates to complete the installation of the heat exchanger structure, meeting the conditions of smooth and non-porous inner wall of the centrifuge chamber and firm installation, while taking into account the convenience during maintenance and disassembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a heat exchanger unit connection structure of a heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-high-speed centrifuge provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the installation top view of a heat exchanger unit of a heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-high-speed centrifuge provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 3 The heat exchanger unit of the heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-high-speed centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part A;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the skeleton structure of a heat exchanger unit of a heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-high-speed centrifuge provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the splicing structure of a heat exchanger unit of a heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-high-speed centrifuge provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Legend:

[0027] 1. Heat exchanger unit; 101. Expansion plate; 102. Frame; 1021. Vertical ribs; 1022. Horizontal ribs; 1023. Hooks; 1024. Ears; 2. Fasteners; 201. Custom bolts; 202. Double nuts; 203. Spring washers; 3. Mounting ring beam; 301. Annular slide rail; 302. Fixed vertical beam; 4. Gap stoppers; 5. Insulation pads. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1-5 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0030] A heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-large high-speed centrifuge comprises a plurality of heat exchanger units 1, fasteners 2, mounting ring beams 3, and gap blocking sheets 4. The gap blocking sheets 4 are mounted at the joints of two frames 102 to ensure the continuity of the inner surfaces of the plurality of heat exchanger units 1. Figure 5 As shown, when the heat exchanger needs to be dismantled, first remove the gap blocking piece 4 to expose the fixing bolts behind the gap blocking piece 4. After removing all the fixing bolts with a socket wrench, the heat exchanger unit 1 can be completely dismantled and replaced with a new one.

[0031] The heat exchanger unit 1 is composed of an expansion plate 101 and a frame 102. Ears 1024 are provided on both sides of the frame 102. The ear pieces 1024 on the two adjacent frames 102 are staggered. The heat exchanger unit 1 is fixed to the fixed vertical beam 302 through the ear pieces 1024. The fixing bolts pass through the ear piece holes and the mounting holes on the fixed vertical beam 302, and are connected and fastened with the nuts welded inside the fixed vertical beam 302. Every two heat exchanger units 1 share a vertical fixed vertical beam 302. The ear pieces 1024 on both sides of the two frames 102 are staggered to ensure that there is no interference with the fixed vertical beam 302 during installation. The expansion plate 101 is connected to the frame 102 through fasteners 2. A plurality of hooks 1023 are provided on the frame 102 at the top, which are used to slide with the annular slide rail 301 on the mounting ring beam 3 to facilitate the position of the heat exchanger unit 1. Arrangement and positioning, the skeleton 102 is welded with stainless steel square steel, and the skeleton 102 includes vertical skeleton beams 1021 and transverse skeleton beams 1022. The vertical skeleton beams 1021 are continuous structures, and the transverse skeleton beams 1022 are interrupted structures. There are bolt holes on the vertical skeleton beams 1021. The bolt holes on the side of the vertical skeleton beams 1021 in contact with the expansion plate 101 are long holes, which can make the expansion plate free to expand and contract in the length direction during thermal expansion and contraction, and prevent the expansion plate surface from generating temperature stress due to excessive length, resulting in deformation of the expansion plate surface. The bolt holes on the other side of the vertical skeleton beams 1021 are circular process holes, which are mainly used to install the double nuts 202 and spring washers 203 of the customized bolts 201. An insulation pad 5 is provided between the expansion plate 101 and the skeleton 102, and the insulation pad 5 is sleeved on the outside of the customized bolts 201 to reduce the coldness of the expansion plate 101 from being conducted to the skeleton 102.

[0032] The fastener 2 includes a customized bolt 201, a double nut 202, and a spring washer 203. The spring washer 203 is sleeved on the customized bolt 201, and the double nut 202 is screwed together with the customized bolt 201. One end of the customized bolt 201 is welded to the back of the expansion plate 101 and is located at a position avoiding the flow channel. After the customized bolt 201 passes through the bolt hole on the vertical beam 1021, the spring washer 203 is installed and fastened by the double nut 202. The spring washer 203 and the double nut 202 can both play a role in preventing loosening. The customized bolt 201 has sufficient strength to support the connection reliability between the expansion plate 101 and the frame 102 through finite element analysis and reliability analysis.

[0033] An annular slide rail 301 is provided on the top of the mounting ring beam 3 , and a fixed vertical beam 302 is provided on the mounting ring beam 3 and below the annular slide rail 301 . The fixed vertical beam 302 has bolt holes.

[0034] In summary, the present embodiment provides a heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-large high-speed centrifuge. The heat insulating pad 5 is sleeved on the custom bolt 201 on the back of the expansion plate 101, and then passed through the bolt hole on the vertical beam 1021. The spring washer 203 and the double nut 202 are sequentially sleeved and tightened to complete the assembly of the heat exchanger unit 1. The hook 1023 at the top of 102 is then hung on the annular slide rail 301 of the mounting ring beam 3 pre-welded on the inner wall of the centrifuge chamber. The two adjacent heat exchanger units 1 are slid together to splice the two. The ear piece 1024 on one side of the heat exchanger unit is then fastened to the bolt hole on the fixed vertical beam 302 by the fixing bolt. Finally, the gap blocking piece 4 is welded to the gap between the two heat exchanger expansion plates 101 to complete the installation of the heat exchanger structure.

[0035] During installation, a torque wrench is used to control the tightening torque of each fastening point. The five fixed points located in the center of the heat exchanger unit 1 are fastened, and the remaining fixed points are loosened half a turn after tightening the remaining bolts. In this case, when the expansion plate 101 expands and contracts due to heat and cold, it can slide freely in the horizontal and vertical directions while being fixed in the center to prevent thermal stress. The five completely fastened points in the center and the remaining half-tightened fixed points allow the entire heat exchanger unit 1 to retain a certain degree of freedom of expansion and contraction while having sufficient rigidity, thereby solving the problem of thermal coupling.

[0036] The above description of the embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-high-speed centrifuge, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of heat exchanger units (1), fasteners (2), mounting ring beams (3), and gap blocking sheets (4); The heat exchanger unit (1) is composed of an expansion plate (101) and a frame (102), with lugs (1024) provided on both sides of the frame (102), the expansion plate (101) being connected to the frame (102) via a fastener (2), and a plurality of hooks (1023) being provided on the frame (102) at the top; The fastener (2) comprises a customized bolt (201), a double nut (202), and a spring washer (203); the spring washer (203) is sleeved on the customized bolt (201); and the double nut (202) is screwed together with the customized bolt (201); An annular slide rail (301) is provided on the top of the mounting ring beam (3), and a fixed vertical beam (302) is provided on the mounting ring beam (3) and below the annular slide rail (301); The frame (102) is formed by welding stainless steel square steel. The frame (102) comprises vertical beams (1021) and transverse beams (1022). The vertical beams (1021) are continuous structures, and the transverse beams (1022) are interrupted structures. Bolt holes are provided on the vertical beams (1021). One end of the customized bolt (201) is welded to the expansion plate (101).

2. A heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-high-speed centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ear pieces (1024) on two adjacent skeletons (102) are staggered.

3. The heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-high-speed centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap blocking piece (4) is installed at the joint of the two frames (102).

4. The heat exchanger structure for temperature control of an ultra-high-speed centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat insulating pad (5) is provided between the expansion plate (101) and the frame (102).

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