A back swing unloading and transporting device for a heading machine

Abstract

The application discloses a back-and-forth swing unloading and transporting device for a heading machine and belongs to the technical field of heading machine conveying, which comprises a fixed middle frame, a machine rear part arranged at the rear part of the middle frame and rotationally connected with the middle frame, a cavity arranged in the middle frame and used for accommodating the machine rear part, an opening end of the cavity, the machine rear part inserted into the cavity through the opening end, the width of the cavity being greater than the width of the part of the machine rear part extending into the cavity, one end of a swing cylinder used for driving the machine rear part to swing being hinged to the middle frame, the other end of the swing cylinder being hinged to the machine rear part, the distance between the hinge point on the middle frame and the central axis of the back-and-forth swing unloading and transporting device being L1, the distance between the hinge point on the machine rear part and the central axis of the back-and-forth swing unloading and transporting device being L2, and L1>L2, wherein the machine rear part swings back and forth around the hinge shaft, the problems of material spilling, material leakage and failure to load and transport during unloading of the tail part of the heading machine are avoided, the adaptability and working efficiency of the heading machine are improved, and the requirement of continuous transportation of the diversity of the rear supporting equipment is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunneling machine conveying technology, and in particular to a swing unloading conveying device for tunneling machines. Background Technology

[0002] Tunneling machines are the main equipment in coal mine mechanized tunneling systems. Commonly used supporting equipment at the tunneling face includes belt conveyors and self-propelled tail sections. The material cut by the tunneling machine is collected by shovels onto the transport device and unloaded from the tail of the tunneling machine into the belt conveyor connected at the rear. The material is then transported to the coal bunker underground via a belt conveyor, completing the coal cutting, loading, and transport operations at the tunneling face. During construction, the tunneling machine frequently turns and adjusts its equipment, and the unloading point at the tail of the transport device also changes left and right accordingly.

[0003] With the changing construction techniques of underground tunneling, the transportation methods for supporting equipment after the tunneling machine have also diversified. Various transportation equipment such as anchor winches, shuttle cars, and coal cars can be used. However, existing technologies, such as the invention patent application number 202111198803.9, design the tunneling machine's transportation device to be fixed in the middle of the frame. The position and width of its unloading port remain fixed relative to the frame. This leads to problems such as spillage, leakage, and inability to transport materials to the supporting transportation equipment at the rear. The unloading range of the transportation device is becoming increasingly limited, resulting in poor applicability, limited supporting equipment, and low transportation efficiency, making it difficult to meet the diverse and continuous transportation needs of the tunneling machine's supporting equipment. To address these existing technologies, this invention proposes a swing-back unloading transportation device for tunneling machines, solving the technical problems of poor adaptability, limited supporting equipment, low transportation efficiency, and inability to meet the diverse needs of supporting transportation equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies and shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a swing-back unloading and transport device for tunneling machines. By rotatably connecting the rear of the machine to the middle frame and installing swing cylinders on the sides of the rear of the machine and the middle frame, the rear of the machine can swing back and forth around the hinge axis with the middle frame. This avoids the problems of spillage, leakage, and inability to load materials when unloading at the tail of the tunneling machine, meets the requirements for continuous transport of diverse supporting equipment at the rear of the tunneling machine, and improves the adaptability and working efficiency of the tunneling machine.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a swing-out unloading and conveying device for a tunneling machine, comprising a fixedly installed central frame, a rear section at the rear of the central frame, the rear section being rotatably connected to the central frame, a cavity inside the central frame for accommodating the rear section, the cavity having an open end, the rear section being inserted into the cavity through the open end, the width of the cavity being greater than the width of the portion of the rear section extending into the cavity; a swing cylinder for driving the rear section to swing, one end of which is hinged to the central frame, and the other end of which is hinged to the rear section; the distance from the hinge point on the central frame to the central axis of the swing-out unloading and conveying device is L1, and the distance from the hinge point on the rear section to the central axis of the swing-out unloading and conveying device is L2, where L1 > L2;

[0007] Preferably, the cavity has a fan-shaped structure, with a left curved plate on the left side and a right curved plate on the right side. The swing cylinder is rotatably mounted on the left or right curved plate, and the hinge point between the swing cylinder and the left or right curved plate is located outside the opening end. The diameter of the swing cylinder near the opening end is smaller than the height of the cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the scraper chain that drives the material movement is a closed-loop structure. One part of the scraper chain is disposed on the upper surface of the cavity, and the other part of the scraper chain is disposed inside the cavity. The upper surface of the cavity and the inside of the cavity are respectively provided with anti-detachment structures to prevent the scraper chain from detaching. The anti-detachment structures can move back and forth with the rear of the machine.

[0009] Preferably, the anti-detachment structure located on the upper surface of the cavity is a flexible spring steel plate, and the spring steel plate is respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the cavity. The anti-detachment structure located inside the cavity is an anti-detachment plate, and the anti-detachment plate is disposed on the left and right sides of the cavity.

[0010] Preferably, both the left and right curved plates have vertical side plates, and the rear of the machine is provided with a left groove side and a right groove side. The inner sides of the left and right groove sides are respectively provided with baffles, and there is a gap between the baffles and the left and right groove sides. The size of the gap is adapted to the thickness of the spring steel plate. One end of the spring steel plate on the left side is fixedly connected to the vertical side plate of the left curved plate, and the other end is inserted into the gap between the left groove side and the baffle. One end of the spring steel plate on the right side is fixedly connected to the vertical side plate of the right curved plate, and the other end is inserted into the gap between the right groove side and the baffle. The vertical side plates, the left groove side, and the right groove side are all located away from the upper surface of the cavity.

[0011] Preferably, a first rotating ear plate and a second rotating ear plate are provided at the rear of the machine near the middle frame. The first rotating ear plate is inserted into the cavity and is rotatably connected to the upper wall of the cavity. The second rotating ear plate is disposed outside the cavity and is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the cavity. One end of the anti-detachment plate is fixed to the first rotating ear plate, and the other end of the anti-detachment plate extends to the upper surface of the second rotating ear plate.

[0012] Preferably, the anti-detachment plate is detachably mounted on the first rotating ear plate;

[0013] Preferably, the first rotating ear plate has an insertion section located inside the cavity and an exposed section located outside the cavity, with openings on both sides of the insertion section, and the anti-detachment plate is disposed in the exposed section;

[0014] Preferably, the rear part of the machine is provided with a drive device that can slide back and forth, the scraper chain is connected to the drive device, and the side wall of the rear part of the machine is provided with a tensioning cylinder for driving the drive device to move back and forth, and the tensioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the drive device.

[0015] Preferably, a guide groove is provided at the rear end of the machine away from the middle frame, and the drive device is disposed in the guide groove. The drive device includes a drive frame inserted into the guide groove, the length of which is less than the length of the guide groove. A sprocket is installed at the rear end of the drive frame, the sprocket meshes with the scraper chain, and both ends of the sprocket are respectively connected to a motor. A crossbeam is provided at the rear of the machine, and a support seat is provided on the side of the drive frame near the rear of the machine. One end of the tensioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the crossbeam, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support seat.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0017] 1. This invention rotatably connects the rear part of the machine to the middle frame and sets a swing cylinder on the side of the rear part and the middle frame, so that the rear part of the machine can swing back and forth around the hinge axis with the middle frame. This avoids the problems of spillage, leakage and inability to load materials when unloading at the tail of the tunneling machine, meets the requirements of continuous transportation of diverse supporting equipment at the rear of the tunneling machine, and improves the adaptability and working efficiency of the tunneling machine.

[0018] 2. The present invention sets the hinge point between the swing cylinder and the left or right bending plate outside the opening end, and the diameter of the swing cylinder near the opening end is smaller than the height of the cavity, so that the swing cylinder can rotate into the cavity and the rear part of the machine can rotate to the limit angle.

[0019] 3. Because the rear of the machine can swing to its limit and the swing amplitude is large, the scraper chain is prone to detachment during the swing, affecting the material conveying effect. To solve this problem, the present invention sets anti-detachment structures on the upper surface and inside of the cavity to seal the left and right openings on the upper surface and inside of the cavity, thus avoiding the problem of material spillage and scraper chain detachment. Secondly, the tensioning cylinders set on the left and right sides of the rear of the machine improve the tension adjustment effect of the scraper chain. During the swing of the rear of the machine, by adjusting the tension of the scraper chain, the force of the scraper chain acting on the anti-detachment structure can be reduced, making the scraper chain less likely to detach. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the swing-out unloading and conveying device.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a swing-back unloading and conveying device.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a magnified structural diagram of point A;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the mid-frame;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the middle frame.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the machine;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive device.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the front section of the machine.

[0029] Figure 9 A top view schematic diagram of the swing-out unloading and conveying device;

[0030] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the swing-back unloading and conveying device that swings to the right at the rear of the machine;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing-back unloading and conveying device that swings to the left at the rear of the machine.

[0032] Among them, 1. Middle frame; 2. Rear section; 3. Cavity; 4. Open end; 5. Swing cylinder; 6. First cylinder lug; 7. Second cylinder lug; 9. Scraper chain; 10. Spring steel plate; 11. Anti-detachment plate; 12. Left bending plate; 13. Right bending plate; 14. Left groove side; 15. Right groove side; 16. Baffle; 17. First rotary lug; 18. Second rotary lug; 19. Folding plate; 20. Placement cavity; 21. First rotating shaft; 22. Second rotating shaft; 23. First rotating shaft 24. Second rotating shaft cover; 25. Screw plug; 26. Oil nozzle; 27. Drive frame; 28. Rotating shaft; 29. ​​Sprocket assembly; 30. Connecting seat; 31. Motor; 32. Guide groove; 33. Support seat; 34. Crossbeam; 35. Tensioning cylinder; 36. Front of machine; 37. Locking plate; 38. Positioning pin; 39. Hinge bearing sleeve; 40. Upper channel surface of scraper chain; 41. Lower channel surface of scraper chain; 42. Horizontal side plate; 43. Vertical side plate; α. Angle of left and right swing of the rear of the machine. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, the present invention provides a swing unloading and conveying device for a tunneling machine, including a fixedly installed middle frame 1, a rear section 2 at the rear of the middle frame 1, the rear section 2 being rotatably connected to the middle frame 1, a cavity 3 inside the middle frame 1 for accommodating the rear section 2, the cavity 3 having an open end 4, the rear section 2 being inserted into the cavity 3 through the open end 4, the width of the cavity 3 being greater than the width of the portion of the rear section 2 extending into the cavity 3; a swing cylinder 5 for driving the rear section 2 to swing, one end of which is hinged to the middle frame 1, and the other end of which is connected to... The rear part 2 of the machine is hinged. The distance from the hinge point on the middle frame 1 to the central axis of the swing unloading and transport device is L1, and the distance from the hinge point on the rear part 2 to the central axis of the swing unloading and transport device is L2, where L1 > L2. By extending or shortening the swing cylinder 5, the rear part 2 of the machine swings left and right around the hinge point between the rear part 2 and the middle frame 1, avoiding the problems of spillage, leakage, and inability to load materials when unloading at the tail of the tunneling machine. This meets the requirements for continuous transportation of diverse supporting equipment at the rear of the tunneling machine and improves the adaptability and working efficiency of the tunneling machine. The through holes of the middle frame 1 and the rear part 2 of the machine are coaxially arranged, and the rotating shaft passes through the through holes of the middle frame 1 and the rear part 2 of the machine in sequence. The width of the cavity 3 is greater than the width of the part of the rear part 2 that extends into the cavity 3, so as to provide swing space for the rear part 2. A first hydraulic cylinder lug 6 is installed on the middle frame 1, and a second hydraulic cylinder lug 7 is installed on the rear part 2. The first hydraulic cylinder lug 6 and the second hydraulic cylinder lug 7 are located on the same side of the swing unloading conveyor. One end of the cylinder barrel of the swing cylinder 5 is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder lug 6 through a pin, and one end of the piston rod of the swing cylinder 5 is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder lug 7 through a pin.

[0036] Cavity 3 is a fan-shaped structure extending outwards to both sides. A left curved plate 12 is provided on the left side of cavity 3, and a right curved plate 13 is provided on the right side. The left curved plate 12 and the right curved plate 13 are used to seal the openings on the left and right sides of cavity 3. A first cylinder lug 6 is mounted on either the left curved plate 12 or the right curved plate 13. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first cylinder lug 6 is mounted on the right curved plate 13. The swing cylinder 5 is rotatably connected to the first cylinder lug 6. The hinge point between the swing cylinder 5 and the first cylinder lug 6 is located outside the opening end 4. The diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 5 near the opening end 4 is smaller than the height of the cavity 3. The angle of the fan-shaped structure determines the swing amplitude of the rear part 2. In order to expand the applicability of the swing unloading and conveying device, the present invention sets the left and right swing angle α of the rear part 2 to ±25°. The hinge point between the swing cylinder 5 and the first cylinder lug 6 is set outside the opening end 4. The diameter of the swing cylinder 5 near the opening end 4 is smaller than the height of the cavity 3, so that the swing cylinder 5 can rotate into the interior of the opening end 4, so that the rear part 2 can achieve the swing of the limit angle.

[0037] The scraper chain 9 that drives the material movement has a closed-loop structure. One part of the scraper chain 9 is located on the upper surface of the cavity 3, and the other part is located inside the cavity 3. The upper surface and the inside of the cavity 3 are respectively provided with anti-detachment structures to prevent the scraper chain 9 from detaching. The anti-detachment structures can move back and forth with the rear part 2. Specifically, the anti-detachment structure located on the upper surface of the cavity 3 is a flexible spring steel plate 10, which is respectively located on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the cavity 3. The anti-detachment structure located inside the cavity 3 is an anti-detachment plate 11, which is located on the left and right sides of the cavity 3. By setting the anti-detachment structure, the scraper chain 9 can be prevented from detaching from the upper surface or the inside of the cavity 3 during the swinging process, thereby improving the material transportation efficiency.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, both the left curved plate 12 and the right curved plate 13 have transverse side plates 42 and vertical side plates 43. The transverse side plates 42 are used to block the openings on the left and right sides of the cavity 3. The vertical side plates 43 are connected to the left and right sidewalls of the middle frame 1 and are used to install the spring steel plates 10. The rear part 2 is provided with a left sidewall 14 and a right sidewall 15. The inner sides of the left sidewall 14 and the right sidewall 15 are respectively provided with baffles 16. There are gaps between the baffles 16 and the left sidewall 14 and the right sidewall 15. The size of the gaps is adapted to the thickness of the spring steel plates 10. One end of the spring steel plate 10 located on the left side is fixedly connected to the vertical side plate 43 of the left curved plate 12, and the other end is inserted into the gap between the left sidewall 14 and the baffle 16. Inside the gap, one end of the spring steel plate 10 on the right side is fixedly connected to the vertical side plate 43 of the right curved plate 13, and the other end is inserted into the gap between the right trough side 15 and the baffle 16. The vertical side plate 43, the left trough side 14 and the right trough side 15 are all set at a position away from the upper surface of the cavity 3. The spring steel plates 10 on the left and right sides form a coal conveying chute with the upper surface of the cavity 3. During the swinging process, the spring steel plate 10 bends and deforms with the swinging of the rear part 2 of the machine. On the one hand, it can make the swinging of the rear part 2 of the machine smooth, and on the other hand, it can prevent the material and the scraper chain 9 located on the upper surface of the cavity 3 from falling out, thus improving the material conveying efficiency. In this invention, the thickness of the spring steel plate 10 is 6mm.

[0039] The rear part 2 of the machine is provided with a first rotating ear plate 17 and a second rotating ear plate 18 near the middle frame 1. The first rotating ear plate 17 is inserted into the cavity 3 and is rotatably connected to the upper wall of the cavity 3. The second rotating ear plate 18 is set outside the cavity 3 and is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the cavity 3. One end of the anti-detachment plate 11 is fixed to the first rotating ear plate 17, and the other end of the anti-detachment plate 11 extends to the upper surface of the second rotating ear plate 18. The scraper chain 9 located inside the cavity 3 is placed on the bottom wall of the cavity 3. Since the anti-detachment plate 11 extends from the first rotating ear plate 17 to the upper surface of the second rotating ear plate 18, the scraper chain 9 located inside the cavity 3 can be prevented from detaching during the swinging process. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lower part of the upper wall and the lower part of the bottom wall of the cavity 3 are provided with folding plates 19. Placement cavities 20 are formed between the folding plates 19 and the upper wall of the cavity 3, and between the folding plates 19 and the bottom wall of the cavity 3. The first rotating ear plate 17 and the second rotating ear plate 18 are respectively placed in the placement cavities 20. The first rotating ear plate 17 is rotatably connected to the upper wall of the cavity 3 and the folding plate 19 located at the lower part of the upper wall of the cavity 3 via a first rotating shaft 21. The second rotating ear plate 18 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the cavity 3 and the folding plate 19 located at the lower part of the bottom wall of the cavity 3 via a second rotating shaft 22. The upper wall of the cavity 3, the bottom wall of the cavity 3, the first rotating ear plate 17, the second rotating ear plate 18, and the mounting plates 19 are all connected. Each hole is equipped with a bushing, and the first rotating shaft 21 and the second rotating shaft 22 are both installed in the bushing. The first rotating shaft cover 23 is provided in the folding plate 19 located at the lower part of the upper wall of the cavity 3. The first rotating shaft cover 23 is installed in the bushing of the folding plate 19. The first rotating shaft 21 and the first rotating shaft cover 23 are connected by bolts. The second rotating shaft cover 24 is provided in the bottom wall of the cavity 3. The second rotating shaft cover 24 is installed in the bushing of the bottom wall. The second rotating shaft 22 and the second rotating shaft cover 24 are connected by bolts. The first rotating shaft 21 is provided with a screw plug 25 and an oil injection nozzle 26. The second rotating shaft 22 is provided with an oil injection nozzle 26. Lubricating grease for lubricating the first rotating shaft 21 and the second rotating shaft 22 is added through the oil injection nozzle 26. The folding plate 19 can be welded to the bottom surface of the upper wall and / or bottom wall of the cavity 3. Alternatively, the upper wall and / or bottom wall of the cavity 3 can be integrally formed with the folding plate 19. For ease of processing, it is preferable that the folding plate 19 is welded to the bottom surface of the upper wall and / or bottom wall of the cavity 3. A 2mm gap is left between the first rotating ear plate 17 and the upper wall of the cavity 3 and the folding plate 19, and a 2mm gap is left between the second rotating ear plate 18 and the bottom wall of the cavity 3 and the folding plate 19.

[0040] The first rotating ear plate 17 has an insertion section inside the cavity 3 and an exposed section outside the cavity 3. The insertion section has openings on both sides. The anti-detachment plate 11 is detachably installed in the exposed section. In order to achieve a better anti-detachment effect, the end of the anti-detachment plate 11 near the cavity 3 contacts the opening end 4 of the cavity 3. The anti-detachment plate 11 is fixed to the exposed section of the first rotating ear plate 17 by bolts. This arrangement makes it easy to replace the severely worn anti-detachment plate 11.

[0041] The rear part 2 of the machine is equipped with a drive device that can slide back and forth. The drive device includes a drive frame 27, and a rotating shaft 28 is provided at the rear of the drive frame 27. A sprocket assembly 29 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 28. The scraper chain 9 meshes with the sprocket assembly 29. The two ends of the rotating shaft 28 are respectively rotatably mounted on the side wall of the drive frame 27 through connecting seats 30. Motors 31 are respectively installed at the two ends of the rotating shaft 28. The motors 31 drive the rotating shaft 28 to rotate, thereby driving the scraper chain 9 to move. The rear part 2 of the machine is provided with a guide groove 32 near the drive device. The drive frame 27 is installed in the guide groove 32. The length of the drive frame 27 is less than that of the guide groove 32. The drive frame 27 has a support seat 33 on its side wall and a crossbeam 34 on its side wall. The support seat 33 and the crossbeam 34 are located on the same side. One end of the tensioning cylinder 35 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam 34 and the other end is fixedly connected to the support seat 33. The extension and retraction of the tensioning cylinder 35 drives the drive frame 27 to move back and forth in the guide groove 32, thereby adjusting the tension of the scraper chain 9. This avoids jamming and chain skipping caused by the chain being too loose and excessive wear of the sprocket and chain caused by the chain being too tight. In order to improve the adjustment effect of the tension of the scraper chain 9, two sets of tensioning cylinders 35 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rear part 2 of the machine.

[0042] The front part of the middle frame 1 is connected to the front part 36. The middle frame 1 and the front part 36 are connected by a locking plate 37 and a positioning pin 38. The front end of the front part 36 is provided with a hinge sleeve 39, which is hinged to the front end of the tunneling machine frame by a pin. The middle frame 1, the front part 36, and the rear part 2 all have an upper wall and a bottom wall located below the upper wall. The upper wall of the front part 36, the upper wall of the middle frame 1, the upper wall of the cavity 3, and the upper wall of the rear part 2 are interconnected and located in the same plane, forming the upper channel surface 40 of the scraper chain. The bottom wall of the front part 36, the bottom wall of the middle frame 1, the bottom wall of the cavity 3, and the bottom wall of the rear part 2 are interconnected and located in the same plane, forming the lower channel surface 41 of the scraper chain. The scraper chain 9 is respectively set on the upper channel surface 40 and the lower channel surface 41 of the scraper chain. The scraper chain 9 is set in the form of a single chain.

[0043] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A swing-back unloading and conveying device for a tunneling machine, characterized in that: The device includes a fixed central frame, a rear section at the rear of the central frame, and a rotatable connection between the rear section and the central frame. The central frame has an internal cavity for accommodating the rear section, with an open end. The rear section passes through the open end and is inserted into the cavity. The width of the cavity is greater than the width of the portion of the rear section extending into the cavity. A swing cylinder for driving the rear section to swing is hinged at one end to the central frame and at the other end to the rear section. The distance from the hinge point on the central frame to the central axis of the swing unloading conveyor is L1, and the distance from the hinge point on the rear section to the central axis of the swing unloading conveyor is L2, where L1 > L2. The cavity has a fan-shaped structure. A left curved plate is provided on the left side of the cavity, and a right curved plate is provided on the right side of the cavity. The swing cylinder is rotatably mounted on the left curved plate or the right curved plate. The hinge point between the swing cylinder and the left curved plate or the right curved plate is located outside the opening end. The diameter of the swing cylinder near the opening end is smaller than the height of the cavity. The scraper chain that drives the material movement has a closed-loop structure. One part of the scraper chain is set on the upper surface of the cavity, and the other part of the scraper chain is set inside the cavity. The upper surface of the cavity and the inside of the cavity are respectively provided with anti-detachment structures to prevent the scraper chain from detaching. The anti-detachment structures can move back and forth with the rear of the machine. The anti-detachment structure located on the upper surface of the cavity is a flexible spring steel plate, which is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the cavity. The anti-detachment structure located inside the cavity is an anti-detachment plate, which is arranged on the left and right sides of the cavity.

2. The swing-back unloading and conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the left and right curved plates have vertical side plates. The rear of the machine is provided with a left groove side and a right groove side. The inner sides of the left and right groove sides are respectively provided with baffles. There is a gap between the baffles and the left and right groove sides. The size of the gap is adapted to the thickness of the spring steel plate. One end of the spring steel plate on the left side is fixedly connected to the vertical side plate of the left curved plate, and the other end is inserted into the gap between the left groove side and the baffle. One end of the spring steel plate on the right side is fixedly connected to the vertical side plate of the right curved plate, and the other end is inserted into the gap between the right groove side and the baffle. The vertical side plates, the left groove side, and the right groove side are all located away from the upper surface of the cavity.

3. The swing-back unloading and conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear of the machine, near the middle frame, is provided with a first rotating ear plate and a second rotating ear plate. The first rotating ear plate is inserted into the cavity and is rotatably connected to the upper wall of the cavity. The second rotating ear plate is disposed outside the cavity and is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the cavity. One end of the anti-detachment plate is fixed to the first rotating ear plate, and the other end of the anti-detachment plate extends to the upper surface of the second rotating ear plate.

4. The swing-back unloading and conveying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-detachment plate is detachably mounted on the first rotating ear plate.

5. The swing-back unloading and conveying device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first rotating ear plate has an insertion section located inside the cavity and an exposed section located outside the cavity, with openings on both sides of the insertion section, and the anti-detachment plate is disposed in the exposed section.

6. The swing-back unloading and conveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear of the machine is provided with a drive device that can slide back and forth. The scraper chain is connected to the drive device. The side wall of the rear of the machine is provided with a tensioning cylinder for driving the drive device to move back and forth. The tensioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the drive device.

7. The swing-back unloading and conveying device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rear end of the machine, away from the middle frame, is provided with a guide groove. The drive device is disposed in the guide groove. The drive device includes a drive frame inserted into the guide groove, the length of which is less than the length of the guide groove. A sprocket is installed at the rear end of the drive frame, the sprocket meshes with the scraper chain, and both ends of the sprocket are connected to a motor. A crossbeam is provided at the rear of the machine, and a support seat is provided on the side of the drive frame near the rear of the machine. One end of the tensioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the crossbeam, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support seat.

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