Antennas, antenna modules and base stations

Abstract

This application provides an antenna, an antenna module, and a base station. The antenna includes a first feed unit having a first balun, a first feed line, and a first radiating element, and a second feed unit having a second balun, a second feed line, and a second radiating element. The first balun includes a first feed section and a first coupling section electrically connected; the second balun includes a second feed section and a second coupling section electrically connected. The first feed section is electrically connected to the first feed line, and the first coupling section is coupled to the first radiating element, located on one side of the first feed section along a first direction. The second feed section is electrically connected to the second feed line, and the second coupling section is coupled to the second radiating element, located on one side of the second feed section along a second direction. The first and second directions are opposite. The length of the second feed line is shorter than the length of the first feed line, enabling the first and second radiating elements to radiate signals of equal amplitude and in phase. The antenna provided by this application can save feed line length and reduce insertion loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to an antenna, an antenna module, and a base station. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the demand for communication system capacity is increasing, leading to the emergence of MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology and beamforming array antennas. Antennas are a crucial component of wireless communication systems, and their performance directly affects the entire system. Traditional base station array antennas require additional feed winding compensation for different feed elements to achieve specific feed phases, thus introducing additional insertion loss and design complexity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an antenna, an antenna module, and a base station. By designing structural differences between different feed units, the feed winding can be shortened, thereby reducing the line length loss of the antenna, antenna module, and base station, and reducing the winding complexity.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna comprising a first feed unit and a second feed unit. The first feed unit includes a first balun, a first feed line, and a first radiating element, the first balun including a first feed structure. The second feed unit includes a second balun, a second feed line, and a second radiating element, the second balun including a second feed structure. The first feed structure includes an electrically connected first feed segment and a first coupling segment, the first feed segment being electrically connected to the first feed line, the first coupling segment being coupled to the first radiating element, the first coupling segment being located on one side of the first feed segment along a first direction. The second feed structure includes an electrically connected second feed segment and a second coupling segment, the second feed segment being electrically connected to the second feed line, the second coupling segment being coupled to the second radiating element, the second coupling segment being located on one side of the second feed segment along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being opposite, the length of the second feed line being less than the length of the first feed line, so that the first radiating element and the second radiating element can radiate signals of equal amplitude and in phase.

[0005] The first coupling segment is not directly connected to the first radiating element; signal transmission between them is achieved through coupling. Similarly, the second coupling segment is not directly connected to the second radiating element; signal transmission between them is also achieved through coupling. The feed point is the location for signal input or output. One end of the first feed line is connected to the end of the first feed segment furthest from the first radiating element, and the other end is connected to the feed point. Similarly, one end of the second feed line is connected to the end of the second feed segment furthest from the second radiating element, and the other end is connected to the feed point. The length of the first feed line refers to the trace length between the feed point and the first feed segment, and the length of the second feed line refers to the trace length between the feed point and the second feed segment.

[0006] By differentiating the structures of the first and second feed units, the signals radiated from the first and second radiating units can be made to have different phases. By making the length of the second feed line shorter than the length of the first feed line, the signals entering the first and second feed structures are made to have different phases. The two compensate for each other, enabling the antenna to radiate signals of equal amplitude and in phase. Furthermore, the design of the second feed line routing can save on winding, making the antenna structure simpler and reducing insertion loss.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first feed segment and the first coupling segment are connected by a first connecting segment, which is located on the side of the first feed segment and the first coupling segment away from the first feed line. The first feed segment, the first connecting segment, and the first coupling segment are connected in an "n" shape. In one embodiment, the length of the first feed segment and the length of the first coupling segment are equal or unequal. In one embodiment, the first feed segment is parallel to or approximately parallel to the first coupling segment. The specific structure of the first feed segment, the first connecting segment, and the first coupling segment can be set according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the first feed segment, the first connecting segment, and the first coupling segment are all straight segments. In one embodiment, some of the first feed segment, the first connecting segment, and the first coupling segment are straight segments, and some are curved segments. For simplicity of the manufacturing process, in one embodiment, the first feed segment is parallel to the first coupling segment, and the first connecting segment is perpendicular to the first feed segment and the first coupling segment.

[0008] In one embodiment, the second feed segment and the second coupling segment are connected by a second connecting segment, which is located on the side of the second feed segment and the second coupling segment away from the second feed line. The second feed segment, the second connecting segment, and the second coupling segment are connected in an "n" shape. In one embodiment, the length of the second feed segment is equal to or unequal to the length of the second coupling segment. In one embodiment, the second feed segment is parallel or approximately parallel to the second coupling segment. The specific structure of the second feed segment, the second connecting segment, and the second coupling segment can be set according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the second feed segment, the second connecting segment, and the second coupling segment are all straight segments. In one embodiment, some of the second feed segment, the second connecting segment, and the second coupling segment are straight segments, and some are curved segments. For simplicity of the manufacturing process, in one embodiment, the second feed segment is parallel to the second coupling segment, and the second connecting segment is perpendicular to the second feed segment and the second coupling segment.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first balun further includes a first conductive unit, which includes a first conductive sub-unit and a second conductive sub-unit arranged in parallel. The first radiating unit includes a first oscillator arm and a second oscillator arm. The first conductive sub-unit and the second conductive sub-unit are electrically connected to the first oscillator arm and the second oscillator arm, respectively. The first feed segment is coupled to the first conductive sub-unit, and the first coupling segment is coupled to the second conductive unit, so that the first coupling segment is indirectly coupled to the second oscillator arm. The first feed segment is also coupled to the first oscillator arm.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first feed segment is fixed in the first conductive subunit and insulated from it, and the first coupling segment is fixed in the second conductive subunit and insulated from it. The fixing methods include embedding, snap-fitting, adhesive bonding, and screwing. In one embodiment, the first feed segment and the first conductive subunit do not directly contact each other, and the first coupling segment and the second conductive subunit do not directly contact each other. In one embodiment, the first conductive subunit has an internal hollow structure, and the first feed segment is located inside the first conductive subunit and spaced apart from its inner wall; the second conductive subunit also has an internal hollow structure, and the first coupling segment is located inside the second conductive subunit and spaced apart from its inner wall. In one embodiment, the first oscillator arm and the first conductive subunit are mirror symmetrical to the second oscillator arm and the second conductive subunit. In one embodiment, the first feed segment is parallel to the first conductive subunit, and the first coupling segment is parallel to the second conductive subunit.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the second balun further includes a second conductive unit, which includes a third conductive sub-unit and a fourth conductive sub-unit arranged in parallel. The second radiating unit includes a third oscillator arm and a fourth oscillator arm. The third conductive sub-unit and the fourth conductive sub-unit are electrically connected to the third oscillator arm and the fourth oscillator arm, respectively. The second feed section is coupled to the fourth conductive sub-unit, and the second coupling section is coupled to the third conductive unit, so that the second coupling section is indirectly coupled to the third oscillator arm.

[0012] In one embodiment, the second feed section is fixed in the fourth conductive sub-unit and insulated from it, and the second coupling section is fixed in the third conductive sub-unit and insulated from it. The fixing methods include embedding, snap-fitting, adhesive bonding, and screwing. In one embodiment, the second feed section and the fourth conductive sub-unit do not directly contact each other, and the second coupling section and the third conductive sub-unit do not directly contact each other. In one embodiment, the fourth conductive sub-unit has an internal hollow structure, and the second feed section is located inside the fourth conductive sub-unit and spaced apart from its inner wall; the third conductive sub-unit also has an internal hollow structure, and the second coupling section is located inside the third conductive sub-unit and spaced apart from its inner wall. In one embodiment, the fourth oscillator arm and the fourth conductive sub-unit are mirror symmetrical to the third oscillator arm and the third conductive sub-unit. In one embodiment, the second feed section is parallel to the fourth conductive sub-unit, and the second coupling section is parallel to the third conductive sub-unit.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first conductive sub-unit is arranged at an angle to the first oscillator arm, the second conductive sub-unit is arranged at an angle to the second oscillator arm, the third conductive sub-unit is arranged at an angle to the third oscillator arm, and the fourth conductive sub-unit is arranged at an angle to the fourth oscillator arm.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first conductive element is perpendicular to the first oscillating arm, and the second conductive element is perpendicular to the second oscillating arm. In this case, the first and second oscillating arms are on the same straight line, and the signal transmission directions in the first and second oscillating arms are the same. In another embodiment, the first conductive element and the first oscillating arm are arranged at an acute angle, and the second conductive element and the second oscillating arm are arranged at an acute angle. The angle between the first conductive element and the first oscillating arm is equal to the angle between the second conductive element and the second oscillating arm. The signal transmitted in the first oscillating arm includes a component along a first direction and a component along a fifth direction. The signal transmitted in the second oscillating arm includes a component along the first direction and a component along a sixth direction. The fifth and sixth directions are opposite. The signal component along the fifth direction transmitted in the first oscillating arm cancels out the signal component along the sixth direction transmitted in the second oscillating arm. The signal component along the first direction radiates out in both the first and second oscillating arms. In one embodiment, the first oscillator arm and the second oscillator arm can be strip-shaped or flat. When the first oscillator arm and the second oscillator arm are flat, the first conductive sub-unit being set at an angle to the first oscillator arm means that the first conductive sub-unit is set at an angle to the plane on which the first oscillator arm is located. The second conductive sub-unit being set at an angle to the second oscillator arm means that the second conductive sub-unit is set at an angle to the plane on which the second oscillator arm is located.

[0015] In one embodiment, the fourth conductive electronic unit is perpendicular to the fourth oscillating arm, and the third conductive electronic unit is perpendicular to the third oscillating arm. In this case, the fourth and third oscillating arms are on the same straight line, and the signal transmission directions in the fourth and third oscillating arms are the same. In another embodiment, the fourth conductive electronic unit and the third oscillating arm are arranged at an acute angle, and the angle between the fourth and third conductive electronic units is equal to the angle between the third conductive electronic unit and the third oscillating arm. The signal transmitted in the fourth oscillating arm includes a component along a first direction and a component along a fifth direction, and the signal transmitted in the third oscillating arm includes a component along the first direction and a component along a sixth direction. The signal component along the fifth direction transmitted in the fourth oscillating arm cancels out the signal component along the sixth direction transmitted in the third oscillating arm, and the signal component along the first direction radiates out in the fourth and third oscillating arms. In one embodiment, the fourth and third vibrating arms can be strip-shaped or flat. When the fourth and third vibrating arms are flat, the fourth conductive electronic unit being set at an angle to the fourth vibrating arm means that the fourth conductive electronic unit is set at an angle to the plane on which the fourth vibrating arm is located. The third conductive electronic unit being set at an angle to the third vibrating arm means that the third conductive electronic unit is set at an angle to the plane on which the third vibrating arm is located.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the first and third oscillating arms are arranged in parallel, and the second and fourth oscillating arms are also arranged in parallel. In one embodiment, the first, third, second, and fourth oscillating arms are all on the same straight line.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the length of the second feed line is half a wavelength shorter than the length of the first feed line. In one embodiment, the signal waveform is a sine wave. Because the length of the second feed line is half a wavelength shorter than the length of the first feed line, the signal transmission direction entering the second feed structure is opposite to the signal transmission direction entering the first feed structure. Due to the different structures of the second and first feed structures, the direction of signal radiation by the second feed unit changes compared to the first feed unit. This change makes the signal radiated by the second and first feed units in the same direction, ensuring that the second and first feed units can radiate signals of equal amplitude and phase. Through the joint design of the first and second feed units, the feed winding of the second feed unit by half a wavelength can be shortened, thereby reducing half-wavelength loss and winding complexity.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the antenna includes two first feed units and two second feed units. The first feed line includes a third feed line and a fourth feed line connected together. The second feed line includes a fifth feed line and a sixth feed line connected together. One end of the third feed line is connected to the two first feed units, and the other end of the third feed line is connected to the fourth feed line. One end of the fifth feed line is connected to the two second feed units, and the other end of the fifth feed line is connected to the sixth feed line. The third feed line and the fifth feed line are of equal length, and the length of the sixth feed line is less than the length of the fourth feed line. This saves on the winding of the sixth feed line during routing, thereby reducing insertion loss.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the antenna includes a first feed group, a second feed group, and a third feed group. Each of the first, second, and third feed groups includes a first feed element and a second feed element. The length of the second feed line in each of the first, second, and third feed groups is less than the length of the first feed line. In one embodiment, the length of the second feed line in each of the first, second, and third feed groups is half a wavelength shorter than the length of the first feed line. In another embodiment, the antenna further includes multiple feed groups, the number of which can be set according to actual needs. Each feed group includes a first feed element and a second feed element, and the length of the second feed line in each feed group is less than the length of the first feed line.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the antenna includes two first feed units, two second feed units, and two first feed units arranged sequentially at intervals. Two adjacent second feed units form a fourth feed group, two adjacent first feed units form a fifth feed group, and another two adjacent first feed units form a sixth feed group. The third feed line in the fifth and sixth feed groups is of the same length as the fifth feed line in the fourth feed group, and the length of the sixth feed line in the fourth feed group is less than the length of the fourth feed line in the fifth and sixth feed groups. In one embodiment, the length of the sixth feed line in the fourth feed group is half a wavelength shorter than the length of the fourth feed line in the fifth and sixth feed groups. In another embodiment, the antenna further includes more feed groups, some feed groups including two first feed units, and other feed groups including two second feed units. The length of the sixth feed line in the feed group including two second feed units is less than the length of the fourth feed line in the feed group including two first feed units.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the first balun includes two first feed structures intersecting in an "X" shape, and the second balun includes two second feed structures intersecting in an "X" shape. The first coupling segment of one of the two first feed structures is located on one side of the first feed segment along a first direction, and the first coupling segment of the other first feed structure is located on one side of the first feed segment along a third direction. The second coupling segment of one of the two second feed structures is located on one side of the second feed segment along a second direction, and the second coupling segment of the other second feed structure is located on one side of the second feed segment along a fourth direction, where the third direction is opposite to the fourth direction. The length of the second feed line is shorter than the length of the first feed line, so that the first radiating element and the second radiating element can radiate signals of equal amplitude and in phase. The second feed line saves on wiring during routing, thereby reducing insertion loss.

[0022] Secondly, this application provides an antenna module, which includes a reflector and an antenna as described in any of the above claims, wherein the antenna is fixedly connected to the reflector. The reflector reflects and focuses the signal onto the receiving point, which not only enhances the antenna's radiation capability and signal reception sensitivity but also blocks and shields interference from other radio waves originating from the side of the reflector away from the antenna. In one embodiment, the antenna module further includes an antenna radome, which, together with the reflector, forms a receiving space, and the antenna is located within the receiving space. In one embodiment, the antenna radome covers the reflector and the antenna.

[0023] Thirdly, this application provides a base station, which includes the antenna module as described above. In one embodiment, the base station further includes a radio frequency remote unit and a radio frequency processing unit. The radio frequency remote unit is connected to the antenna module through the radio frequency processing unit. The antenna module transmits received wireless signals to the radio frequency processing unit, or converts the transmitted signals of the radio frequency processing unit into electromagnetic waves and transmits them. The radio frequency processing unit performs frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the wireless signals received by the antenna module, and converts them into intermediate frequency (IF) signals or baseband signals and sends them to the radio frequency remote unit. Alternatively, it can up-convert and amplify the baseband signals or IF signals transmitted by the radio frequency remote unit, and transmit them through the antenna module. The radio frequency remote unit is used to process the IF signals or baseband signals transmitted by the radio frequency processing unit.

[0024] In this application, by designing structural differences between different feed units, a phase difference exists between the two feed units. The feed winding of one of the feed units is shortened, so that the phases of the signals entering the two feed units are different. The two phase differences compensate for each other, so that the antenna, antenna module and base station can radiate signals of equal amplitude and in phase, while saving winding, reducing winding complexity and insertion loss. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the conductive unit and the oscillator arm provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the conductive unit and the oscillator arm provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the conductive unit and the oscillator arm in two feeding units provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission direction provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 5b This is a schematic diagram of signal transmission in an antenna according to one embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0040] In this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0041] Furthermore, in this article, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation of the structure as shown in the attached drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly depending on the orientation of the structure.

[0042] For ease of understanding, the relevant technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained and described below.

[0043] Antenna: An antenna is a transducer that transforms guided waves propagating on a transmission line into electromagnetic waves propagating in an unbounded medium (usually free space), or vice versa. In wireless equipment, the device used to radiate and receive radio waves is called an antenna. Furthermore, antennas are also needed for the radiation of non-signal energy in the transmission of energy using electromagnetic waves. Generally, antennas are reversible, meaning that the same antenna can be used as both a transmitting and receiving antenna.

[0044] Feeder: The cable connecting the antenna and the transmitter output (or receiver input) is called a transmission line or feeder. The main task of the feeder is to effectively transmit signal energy.

[0045] Radiation element: also known as antenna element, vibrator, etc.; the radiation element is the basic structure of the antenna array and can effectively radiate or receive radio waves.

[0046] Reflector: also known as base plate, antenna panel, or metal reflective surface, the reflector improves the receiving sensitivity of the antenna signal by reflecting and concentrating the antenna signal on the receiving point. It not only greatly enhances the antenna's receiving or transmitting capabilities, but also blocks and shields the received signal from other radio waves coming from the back (opposite direction).

[0047] A balun is a type of balanced-to-unbalanced converter. According to antenna theory, dipole antennas are balanced antennas, while the feed lines of antennas are generally coaxial cables, which are unbalanced transmission lines. If they are directly connected, high-frequency current will flow through the outer sheath of the coaxial cable, generating radiation components that affect the polarization direction of the antenna. By adding a balanced-to-unbalanced converter between the antenna and the cable, the high-frequency current flowing through the cable shielding layer from the dipole can be cut off. The main function of the balun is to convert single-ended transmission (such as coaxial cable) to differential transmission (such as half-wave dipole antennas, push-pull circuits, etc.).

[0048] Please see Figure 1 One embodiment of this application provides an antenna 10, which includes a first feeding unit 100 and a second feeding unit 200. The first feeding unit 100 includes a first balun 110, a first feed line 120 and a first radiating unit 130, and the first balun 110 includes a first feeding structure 111. The second feeding unit 200 includes a second balun 210, a second feed line 220 and a second radiating unit 230, and the second balun 210 includes a second feeding structure 211. The first feeding structure 111 includes an electrically connected first feeding segment 1111 and a first coupling segment 1112. The first feeding segment 1111 is electrically connected to the first feed line 120, and the first coupling segment 1112 is coupled to the first radiating unit 130. The first coupling segment 1112 is located on one side of the first feeding segment 1111 along the first direction A. The second feeding structure 211 includes an electrically connected second feeding segment 2111 and a second coupling segment 2112. The second feeding segment 2111 is electrically connected to the second feed line 220, and the second coupling segment 2112 is coupled to the second radiating unit 230. The second coupling segment 2112 is located on one side of the second feeding segment 2111 along the second direction B. The first direction A and the second direction B are opposite. The length of the second feed line 220 is less than the length of the first feed line 120, so that the first radiating unit 130 and the second radiating unit 230 can radiate signals of equal amplitude and in phase.

[0049] The portion within the dashed box in the first power supply unit 100 is the first balun 110 (e.g. Figure 1As shown in the diagram, the dashed box in the second feed unit 200 represents the second balun 210; the first coupling segment 1112 is not directly connected to the first radiating unit 130, and signal transmission between the first coupling segment 1112 and the first radiating unit 130 is achieved through coupling; the second coupling segment 2112 is not directly connected to the second radiating unit 230, and signal transmission between the second coupling segment 2112 and the second radiating unit 230 is achieved through coupling; the feed point 101 is the location for signal input or output; one end of the first feed line 120 is connected to the end of the first feed segment 1111 away from the first radiating unit 130, and the other end of the first feed line 120 is connected to the feed point 101; one end of the second feed line 220 is connected to the end of the second feed segment 2111 away from the second radiating unit 230, and the other end of the second feed line 220 is connected to the feed point 101. The length of the first feeder 120 refers to the trace length between the feed point 101 and the first feed segment 1111. The length of the first feeder 120 is the sum of θ1 and θ2 (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown); the length of the second feed line 220 refers to the trace length between the feed point 101 and the second feed segment 2111. The length of the second feed line 220 is θ3, and θ3 is less than the sum of θ1 and θ2. Equal amplitude and in-phase signals refer to signals whose amplitude and phase are completely consistent.

[0050] In one embodiment, the first power supply section 1111 and the first coupling section 1112 are connected via a first connection section 1113 (e.g., Figure 1 As shown, the first connecting segment 1113 is located on the side of the first feed segment 1111 and the first coupling segment 1112 away from the first feed line 120. The first feed segment 1111, the first connecting segment 1113, and the first coupling segment 1112 are connected in an "n" shape. In one embodiment, the length of the first feed segment 1111 is longer than the length of the first coupling segment 1112. In one embodiment, the length of the first feed segment 1111 is equal to the length of the first coupling segment 1112. In one embodiment, the length of the first feed segment 1111 is shorter than the length of the first coupling segment 1112. In one embodiment, the first feed segment 1111 is parallel to the first coupling segment 1112. In one embodiment, the first feed segment 1111 is approximately parallel to the first coupling segment 1112, maintaining approximately parallelism within the range of process tolerances. The specific structure of the first feed segment 1111, the first connecting segment 1113, and the first coupling segment 1112 can be set according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the first feed segment 1111, the first connecting segment 1113, and the first coupling segment 1112 are all straight segments. In another embodiment, some of the first feed segment 1111, the first connecting segment 1113, and the first coupling segment 1112 are straight segments, and some are curved segments. For simplicity of the manufacturing process, in one embodiment, the first feed segment 1111 is parallel to the first coupling segment 1112, and the first connecting segment 1113 is perpendicular to the first feed segment 1111 and the first coupling segment 1112.

[0051] In one embodiment, the second power supply section 2111 and the second coupling section 2112 are connected via a second connection section 2113 (e.g., Figure 1 As shown, the second connecting segment 2113 is located on the side of the second feed segment 2111 and the second coupling segment 2112 away from the second feed line 220. The second feed segment 2111, the second connecting segment 2113, and the second coupling segment 2112 are connected in an "n" shape. In one embodiment, the length of the second feed segment 2111 is longer than the length of the second coupling segment 2112. In one embodiment, the length of the second feed segment 2111 is equal to the length of the second coupling segment 2112. In one embodiment, the length of the second feed segment 2111 is shorter than the length of the second coupling segment 2112. In one embodiment, the second feed segment 2111 is parallel to the second coupling segment 2112. In one embodiment, the second feed segment 2111 is approximately parallel to the second coupling segment 2112, maintaining approximately parallelism within the range of process tolerances. The specific structure of the second feed segment 2111, the second connecting segment 2113, and the second coupling segment 2112 can be set according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the second feed segment 2111, the second connecting segment 2113, and the second coupling segment 2112 are all straight segments. In another embodiment, some of the second feed segment 2111, the second connecting segment 2113, and the second coupling segment 2112 are straight segments, and some are curved segments. To simplify the manufacturing process, in one embodiment, the second feed segment 2111 is parallel to the second coupling segment 2112, and the second connecting segment 2113 is perpendicular to the second feed segment 2111 and the second coupling segment 2112.

[0052] In such Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the second feed unit 200 in the antenna 20 is configured identically to the first feed unit 100. The first coupling section 1112 is located on one side of the first feed section 1111 along the first direction A, and the second coupling section 2112 is located on one side of the second feed section 2111 along the first direction A. In this case, in order to ensure that the first radiating unit 130 and the second radiating unit 230 can radiate signals of equal amplitude and phase, the second feed line 220 needs to be wound during routing so that the length (θ3) of the second feed line 220 is equal to the length (the sum of θ1 and θ2) of the first feed line 120, thereby bringing additional losses and design complexity.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first power supply structure 111 and the second power supply structure 211 are configured differently (e.g., ...). Figure 1As shown, the signals radiated from the first radiating element 130 and the signals radiated from the second radiating element 230 can be made to have different phases. The length of the second feed line 220 is less than the length of the first feed line 120, so that the signals entering the first feed structure 111 and the second feed structure 211 have different phases. The two compensate for each other, so that the antenna 10 can radiate signals of equal amplitude and in phase. In addition, the design of the second feed line 220 can save on winding, making the antenna structure simpler and reducing insertion loss.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the first balun 110 further includes a first conductive unit 112 (such as...). Figure 1 As shown, the first conductive unit 112 includes a first conductive subunit 1121 and a second conductive subunit 1122 arranged side by side. In this embodiment, the first conductive subunit 1121 and the second conductive subunit 1122 are arranged side by side along a first direction A. The first radiating unit 130 includes a first oscillator arm 131 and a second oscillator arm 132. The first conductive subunit 1121 and the second conductive subunit 1122 are electrically connected to the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132, respectively. The first feed section 1111 is coupled to the first conductive subunit 1121, and the first coupling section 1112 is coupled to the second conductive subunit 1122, so that the first coupling section 1112 is indirectly coupled to the second oscillator arm 132. The first feed section 1111 is also coupled to the first oscillator arm 131.

[0055] In one embodiment, the first feed segment 1111 is fixed in and insulated from the first conductive subunit 1121, and the first coupling segment 1112 is fixed in and insulated from the second conductive subunit 1122. The fixing methods include embedding, snap-fitting, adhesive bonding, and screwing. In one embodiment, the first feed segment 1111 and the first conductive subunit 1121 are not in direct contact, and the first coupling segment 1112 and the second conductive subunit 1122 are not in direct contact. In one embodiment, the first conductive subunit 1121 has an internal hollow structure, and the first feed segment 1111 is located inside the first conductive subunit 1121 and spaced apart from the inner wall of the first conductive subunit 1121; the second conductive subunit 1122 has an internal hollow structure, and the first coupling segment 1112 is located inside the second conductive subunit 1122 and spaced apart from the inner wall of the second conductive subunit 1122. In one embodiment, the first oscillator arm 131 and the first conductive sub-unit 1121 are mirror-symmetrical with the second oscillator arm 132 and the second conductive sub-unit 1122. In another embodiment, the first feed section 1111 is parallel to the first conductive sub-unit 1121, and the first coupling section 1112 is parallel to the second conductive sub-unit 1122.

[0056] When the first feed unit 100 radiates a signal, the signal is transmitted from the feed point 101 to the first feed section 1111 (e.g., via the first feed line 120) through the first feed line 120. Figure 1 As shown), the first feed section 1111 transmits the signal directly to the first coupling section 1112 via the first connection section 1113. The signal transmission direction in the first feed section 1111 is the fifth direction C. The first feed section 1111 couples the signal to the first conductive subunit 1121. The signal transmission direction in the first feed section 1111 is opposite to the signal transmission direction in the first conductive subunit 1121. The first coupling section 1112 couples the signal to the second conductive subunit 1122. The signal transmission direction in the first coupling section 1112 is opposite to the signal transmission direction in the second conductive subunit 1122. Therefore, the signal... The transmission direction of the first conductive subunit 1121 is opposite to the transmission direction of the signal in the second conductive subunit 1122. The first conductive subunit 1121 directly transmits the signal to the first oscillator arm 131, and the second conductive subunit 1122 then transmits the signal to the second oscillator arm 132. The first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132 radiate the signal. In this embodiment, the extension direction of the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132 is the same as the first direction A, so that the signals radiated by the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132 are of equal amplitude and phase. The signal strength can be enhanced by radiating the signal through the two oscillator arms.

[0057] In one embodiment, the extension directions of the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132 are set at an angle to the first direction A. The signal has a component of the same magnitude along the first direction A in the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132. Other components of the signal in the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132 cancel each other out because they are of the same magnitude and opposite in direction, so as to ensure that the signals radiated by the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132 are of equal amplitude and in phase. The signal strength can be enhanced by radiating the signal through the two oscillator arms.

[0058] For details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4a In one possible implementation, the first conductive subunit 1121 is arranged at an angle to the first oscillator arm 131, and the second conductive subunit 1122 is arranged at an angle to the second oscillator arm 132. In one embodiment, the first conductive subunit 1121 is perpendicular to the first oscillator arm 131, and the second conductive subunit 1122 is perpendicular to the second oscillator arm 132. In this case, the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132 are on the same straight line, and the signal transmission direction in the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132 is the same (e.g., ...). Figure 3 (As shown). In one embodiment, the first conductive subunit 1121 is arranged at an acute angle to the first oscillator arm 131 (e.g., as shown). Figure 4aAs shown in the diagram, the second conductive subunit 1122 and the second oscillator arm 132 are arranged at an acute angle. The angle between the first conductive subunit 1121 and the first oscillator arm 131 is equal to the angle between the second conductive subunit 1122 and the second oscillator arm 132. The signal transmitted in the first oscillator arm 131 includes a component along the first direction A and a component along the fifth direction C. The signal transmitted in the second oscillator arm 132 includes a component along the first direction A and a component along the sixth direction D. The fifth direction C and the sixth direction D are opposite in direction. The signal component along the fifth direction C transmitted in the first oscillator arm 131 cancels out the signal component along the sixth direction D transmitted in the second oscillator arm 132. The signal component along the first direction A is radiated in the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132. In this embodiment, the fifth direction C and the sixth direction D are perpendicular to the first direction A. In one embodiment, the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132 can be strip-shaped or flat. When the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132 are flat, the first conductive sub-unit 1121 and the first oscillator arm 131 are set at an angle to each other, meaning that the first conductive sub-unit 1121 and the plane where the first oscillator arm 131 is located are set at an angle. The second conductive sub-unit 1122 and the second oscillator arm 132 are set at an angle to each other, meaning that the second conductive sub-unit 1122 and the plane where the second oscillator arm 132 is located are set at an angle.

[0059] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In one possible implementation, the second balun 210 further includes a second conductive unit 212, which includes a third conductive subunit 2121 and a fourth conductive subunit 2122 arranged in parallel. In this embodiment, the third conductive subunit 2121 and the fourth conductive subunit 2122 are arranged in parallel along a first direction A. The second radiating unit 230 includes a third oscillator arm 231 and a fourth oscillator arm 232. The third conductive subunit 2121 and the fourth conductive subunit 2122 are electrically connected to the third oscillator arm 231 and the fourth oscillator arm 232, respectively. The second feed section 2111 is coupled to the fourth conductive subunit 2122, and the second coupling section 2112 is coupled to the third conductive subunit 2121, so that the second coupling section 2112 is indirectly coupled to the third oscillator arm 231. The second feed section 2111 is also coupled to the fourth oscillator arm 232.

[0060] In one embodiment, the second feed segment 2111 is fixed in the fourth conductive subunit 2122 and insulated from it, and the second coupling segment 2112 is fixed in the third conductive subunit 2121 and insulated from it. The fixing methods include embedding, snap-fitting, adhesive bonding, and screwing. In one embodiment, the second feed segment 2111 and the fourth conductive subunit 2122 are not in direct contact, and the second coupling segment 2112 and the third conductive subunit 2121 are not in direct contact. In one embodiment, the fourth conductive subunit 2122 has an internal hollow structure, and the second feed segment 2111 is located inside the fourth conductive subunit 2122 and spaced apart from its inner wall; the third conductive subunit 2121 also has an internal hollow structure, and the second coupling segment 2112 is located inside the third conductive subunit 2121 and spaced apart from its inner wall. In one embodiment, the fourth oscillator arm 232 and the fourth conductive sub-unit 2122 are mirror-symmetrical with the third oscillator arm 231 and the third conductive sub-unit 2121. In another embodiment, the second feed section 2111 is parallel to the fourth conductive sub-unit 2122, and the second coupling section 2112 is parallel to the third conductive sub-unit 2121.

[0061] When the second feed unit 200 radiates a signal, the signal is transmitted from the feed point 101 to the second feed section 2111 (e.g., via the second feed line 220) through the second feed line 220. Figure 1 As shown), at this time, since the length of the second feeder 220 is less than the length of the first feeder 120, the transmission direction of the signal when it is transmitted to the second feeder section 2111 is equivalent to the sixth direction D (as shown). Figure 5aAs shown, the second feed section 2111 transmits the signal directly to the second coupling section 2112 via the second connection section 2113. The second feed section 2111 couples the signal to the fourth conductive sub-unit 2122. The transmission direction of the signal in the second feed section 2111 is opposite to the transmission direction of the signal in the fourth conductive sub-unit 2122. The second coupling section 2112 couples the signal to the third conductive sub-unit 2121. The transmission direction of the signal in the second coupling section 2112 is opposite to the transmission direction of the signal in the third conductive sub-unit 2121. Therefore, the transmission direction of the signal in the fourth conductive sub-unit 2122 is opposite to the transmission direction of the signal in the third conductive sub-unit 2121. In opposite directions, the fourth conductive subunit 2122 directly transmits the signal to the fourth oscillator arm 232, and the third conductive subunit 2121 transmits the signal to the third oscillator arm 231. The fourth oscillator arm 232 and the third oscillator arm 231 radiate the signal. The signal in the fourth oscillator arm 232 and the third oscillator arm 231 has a component of the same magnitude along the first direction A. Other components of the signal in the fourth oscillator arm 232 and the third oscillator arm 231 cancel each other out because they are of the same magnitude and opposite direction, so as to ensure that the signals radiated by the fourth oscillator arm 232 and the third oscillator arm 231 are equal in amplitude and phase. The signal strength can be enhanced by radiating the signal through the two oscillator arms. At this time, since the first feed structure 111 and the second feed structure 211 have different structures, the length of the second feed line 220 is shortened to make the signals radiated by the fourth oscillator arm 232 and the third oscillator arm 231 equal in amplitude and phase with the signals radiated by the first oscillator arm 131 and the second oscillator arm 132.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the fourth conductive subunit 2122 is arranged at an angle to the fourth oscillator arm 232, and the third conductive subunit 2121 is arranged at an angle to the third oscillator arm 231. In one embodiment, the fourth conductive subunit 2122 is perpendicular to the fourth oscillator arm 232, and the third conductive subunit 2121 is perpendicular to the third oscillator arm 231. In this case, the fourth oscillator arm 232 and the third oscillator arm 231 are on the same straight line, and the signal transmission direction in the fourth oscillator arm 232 and the third oscillator arm 231 is the same. In one embodiment, the fourth conductive electronic unit 2122 is disposed at an acute angle to the fourth oscillator arm 232, and the third conductive electronic unit 2121 is disposed at an acute angle to the third oscillator arm 231. The angle between the fourth conductive electronic unit 2122 and the fourth oscillator arm 232 is equal to the angle between the third conductive electronic unit 2121 and the third oscillator arm 231. The signal transmitted in the fourth oscillator arm 232 includes a component along the first direction A and a component along the fifth direction C. The signal transmitted in the third oscillator arm 231 includes a component along the first direction A and a component along the sixth direction D. The fifth direction C and the sixth direction D are opposite in direction. The signal component along the fifth direction C transmitted in the fourth oscillator arm 232 cancels out the signal component along the sixth direction D transmitted in the third oscillator arm 231. The signal component along the first direction A is radiated out in the fourth oscillator arm 232 and the third oscillator arm 231. In one embodiment, the fourth vibrating arm 232 and the third vibrating arm 231 can be strip-shaped or flat. When the fourth vibrating arm 232 and the third vibrating arm 231 are flat, the fourth conductive electronic unit 2122 and the fourth vibrating arm 232 are set at an angle, which means that the plane where the fourth conductive electronic unit 2122 and the fourth vibrating arm 232 are located are set at an angle. The third conductive electronic unit 2121 and the third vibrating arm 231 are set at an angle, which means that the plane where the third conductive electronic unit 2121 and the third vibrating arm 231 are located are set at an angle.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the length of the second feed line 220 is half a wavelength shorter than the length of the first feed line 120. The signal propagates in the form of a wave, and the signal direction changes periodically with time (e.g., Figure 5b As shown), in one embodiment, the signal waveform is a sine curve. When the signal is transmitted from feed point 101 to the first feed segment 1111 and the second feed segment 2111, since the length of the second feed line 220 is half a wavelength shorter than the length of the first feed line 120, the signal reaches the second feed segment 2111 first. At this time, the signal is at point X2 (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 5b(As shown); On the first feed line 120, after the signal travels another half wavelength, it reaches the first feed segment 1111. At this time, the signal is at point X1, and the signal at point X1 is in the opposite direction to the signal at point X2; The length of the second feed line 220 is half a wavelength shorter than the length of the first feed line 120, which is equivalent to the signal transmission direction entering the second feed structure 211 being opposite to the signal transmission direction entering the first feed structure 111 (as shown). Figure 5b (As shown). The signal is transmitted along the fifth direction C in the first feed section 1111, and when coupled to the first conductive sub-unit 1121, it is transmitted along the sixth direction D. At this time, the signal is transmitted along the first direction A in the first oscillator arm 131. The signal is transmitted along the sixth direction D in the first coupling section 1112, and when coupled to the second conductive sub-unit 1122, it is transmitted along the fifth direction C. At this time, the signal is transmitted along the first direction A in the second oscillator arm 132. The signal is transmitted along the sixth direction D in the second feed section 2111, and when coupled to the fourth conductive sub-unit 2122, it is transmitted along the fifth direction C. At this time, the signal is transmitted along the first direction A in the fourth oscillator arm 232. The signal is transmitted along the fifth direction C in the second coupling section 2112, and when coupled to the second conductive sub-unit 1122, it is transmitted along the sixth direction D. At this time, the signal is transmitted along the first direction A in the third oscillator arm 231, such that the first radiating unit 130 and the second radiating unit 230 radiate signals with the same phase. In one embodiment, the second feed structure 211 is mirror-symmetrical to the first feed structure 111. Because the second feed structure 211 differs in structure from the first feed structure 111, the direction of signal radiation by the second feed unit 200 changes compared to the first feed unit 100. This change results in the second radiating unit 230 radiating signals in the same direction as the first radiating unit 130, enabling the second feed unit 200 and the first feed unit 100 to radiate signals of equal amplitude and phase. Through the joint design of the first feed unit 100 and the second feed unit 200, the feed winding of the second feed unit 200 can be shortened by half a wavelength, thereby reducing half-wavelength loss and winding complexity.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the first oscillator arm 131 and the third oscillator arm 231 are arranged in parallel (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 4b As shown in the diagram, the second oscillator arm 132 and the fourth oscillator arm 232 are arranged in parallel so that the first radiation unit 130 and the second radiation unit 230 can radiate signals of equal amplitude and in phase. In one embodiment, the first oscillator arm 131, the third oscillator arm 231, the second oscillator arm 132, and the fourth oscillator arm 232 are all on the same straight line (e.g., ...). Figure 1(As shown). In one embodiment, the first radiating unit 130 and the second radiating unit 230 have the same structure, and the second feeding structure 211 is mirror-symmetrical to the first feeding structure 111. This allows the second feeding unit 200 and the first feeding unit 100 to radiate signals of equal amplitude and phase.

[0065] In one possible implementation, antenna 10 includes two first feeding units 100 and two second feeding units 200 (e.g., ...). Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the first feeder 120 includes a third feeder 121 and a fourth feeder 122 connected to each other, and the second feeder 220 includes a fifth feeder 221 and a sixth feeder 222 connected to each other. One end of the third feeder 121 is connected to two first feeder units 100, and the other end of the third feeder 121 is connected to the fourth feeder 122. One end of the fifth feeder 221 is connected to two second feeder units 200, and the other end of the fifth feeder 221 is connected to the sixth feeder 222. The third feeder 121 and the fifth feeder 221 are of equal length, and the length of the sixth feeder 222 is less than the length of the fourth feeder 122. Among them, the end of the fourth feeder 122 away from the third feeder 121 is connected to the feed point 101, and the end of the sixth feeder 222 away from the fifth feeder 221 is connected to the feed point 101; the connection point of the third feeder 121 and the fourth feeder 122 is the first feed point 102, and the connection point of the fifth feeder 221 and the sixth feeder 222 is the second feed point 103. Since the two first feeder units 100 have the same structure, the third feeder 121 of the first feeder unit 100 that is closer to the first feed point 102 needs to be wound so that the first feeders 120 of the two first feeder units 100 are of equal length. Since the two second feeder units 200 have the same structure, the fifth feeder 221 of the second feeder unit 200 that is closer to the second feed point 103 needs to be wound so that the second feeders 220 of the two second feeder units 200 are of equal length. The fourth feed line 122 and the sixth feed line 222 connect two first feed units 100 and two second feed units 200 with different structures, respectively. In this case, the length of the sixth feed line 222 is less than the length of the fourth feed line 122, allowing the second feed unit 200 and the first feed unit 100 to radiate signals of equal amplitude and phase. This saves on the winding of the sixth feed line 222 during routing, thereby reducing insertion loss. In one embodiment, the length of the sixth feed line 222 differs from the length of the fourth feed line 122 by half a wavelength.

[0066] In one embodiment, the antenna 10 includes two first feed units 100 and two second feed units 200 (e.g., ...). Figure 6As shown, the first feeder 120 includes a third feeder 121 and a fourth feeder 122 connected to each other, and the second feeder 220 includes a fifth feeder 221 and a sixth feeder 222 connected to each other. One end of the third feeder 121 is connected to two first feeder units 100, and the other end of the third feeder 121 is connected to the fourth feeder 122. One end of the fifth feeder 221 is connected to two second feeder units 200, and the other end of the fifth feeder 221 is connected to the sixth feeder 222. The lengths of the third feeder 121 and the fifth feeder 221 are different, and the total length of the fifth feeder 221 and the sixth feeder 222 is less than the total length of the third feeder 121 and the fourth feeder 122.

[0067] In one possible implementation, antenna 10 includes a first feed group 1001, a second feed group 1002, and a third feed group 1003 (e.g., ...). Figure 7 As shown, the first feed group 1001, the second feed group 1002, and the third feed group 1003 each include a first feed unit 100 and a second feed unit 200. The length of the second feed line 220 in each of the first feed group 1001, the second feed group 1002, and the third feed group 1003 is less than the length of the first feed line 120. In one embodiment, the length of the second feed line 220 in each of the first feed group 1001, the second feed group 1002, and the third feed group 1003 is half a wavelength shorter than the length of the first feed line 120. In one embodiment, the antenna 10 further includes more feed groups, each feed group including a first feed unit 100 and a second feed unit 200, and the length of the second feed line 220 in each feed group is less than the length of the first feed line 120. The number of feed groups can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to... Figure 7 The three groups in the middle.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the antenna 10 includes two first feeding units 100, two second feeding units 200, and two first feeding units 100 (e.g., ...) arranged sequentially at intervals. Figure 8As shown, two adjacent second feed units 200 form a fourth feed group 1004, two adjacent first feed units 100 form a fifth feed group 1005, and another two adjacent first feed units 100 form a sixth feed group 1006. The third feed line 121 in the fifth feed group 1005 and the sixth feed group 1006 is of the same length as the fifth feed line 221 in the fourth feed group 1004. The length of the sixth feed line 222 in the fourth feed group 1004 is less than the length of the fourth feed line 122 in the fifth feed group 1005 and the sixth feed group 1006. In one embodiment, the length of the sixth feed line 222 in the fourth feed group 1004 is half a wavelength shorter than the length of the fourth feed line 122 in the fifth feed group 1005 and the sixth feed group 1006. In one embodiment, the antenna 10 further includes more feed groups, some of which include two first feed units 100 and others include two second feed units 200. The length of the sixth feed line 222 in the feed group including the two second feed units 200 is less than the length of the fourth feed line 122 in the feed group including the two first feed units 100.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the first balun 110 includes two first feed structures 111 that intersect in an "X" shape (e.g., ...). Figure 9 As shown, the second balun 210 includes two intersecting second feed structures 211 in an "X" shape. The first coupling segment 1112 of one of the two first feed structures 111 is located on one side of the first feed segment 1111 along the first direction A. The first coupling segment 1112 of the other first feed structure 111 is located on one side of the first feed segment 1111 along the third direction E. The second coupling segment 2112 of one of the two second feed structures 211 is located on one side of the second feed segment 2111 along the second direction B. The second coupling segment 2112 of the other second feed structure 211 is located on one side of the second feed segment 2111 along the fourth direction F. The third direction E and the fourth direction F are opposite. The length of the second feed line 220 is less than the length of the first feed line 120, so that the first radiating element 130 and the second radiating element 230 can radiate signals of equal amplitude and in phase. The second feeder 220 saves on routing during the wiring process, thereby reducing insertion loss.

[0070] Please see Figure 10This application provides an antenna module 30, which includes a reflector 300 and an antenna 10 as described in any of the above embodiments. The antenna 10 is fixedly connected to the reflector 300. The reflector 300 reflects and focuses the signal onto the receiving point, which not only enhances the radiation capability and signal reception sensitivity of the antenna 10, but also blocks and shields interference from other radio waves from the side of the reflector 300 away from the antenna 10. In one embodiment, the antenna module 30 further includes an antenna radome, which, together with the reflector 300, forms a receiving space, within which the antenna 10 is located. In one embodiment, the antenna radome covers the reflector 300 and the antenna 10.

[0071] One embodiment of this application provides a base station 40, which includes an antenna module 20. In one embodiment, the base station 40 further includes a radio frequency remote unit 41 and a radio frequency processing unit 42 (e.g., Figure 11 As shown, the radio frequency remote unit 41 is connected to the antenna module 20 via the radio frequency processing unit 42. The antenna module 20 transmits the received wireless signal to the radio frequency processing unit 42, or converts the transmitted signal from the radio frequency processing unit 42 into electromagnetic waves and sends them out. The radio frequency processing unit 42 performs frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the wireless signal received by the antenna module 20, and converts it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal and sends it to the radio frequency remote unit 41. Alternatively, it up-converts and amplifies the baseband signal or IF signal sent by the radio frequency remote unit 41 and sends it out through the antenna module 20. The radio frequency remote unit 41 processes the IF signal or baseband signal sent by the radio frequency processing unit 42.

[0072] It should be noted that the above description of the units included in base station 40, the functions of the units, and the relationships between the units is merely an illustrative example and does not impose any limitations on the composition of base station 40.

[0073] The antenna, antenna module, and base station provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and embodiments of this application. The description of the embodiments above is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in specific embodiments and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, The antenna includes: The first feeding unit includes a first balun, a first feed line, and a first radiating unit, wherein the first balun includes a first feeding structure; and The second feeding unit includes a second balun, a second feed line, and a second radiating unit, wherein the second balun includes a second feeding structure. The first feeding structure includes a first feeding segment and a first coupling segment electrically connected. The first feeding segment is electrically connected to the first feed line, and the first coupling segment is coupled to the first radiating element. The first coupling segment is located on one side of the first feeding segment along a first direction. The second feeding structure includes a second feeding segment and a second coupling segment electrically connected. The second feeding segment is electrically connected to the second feed line, and the second coupling segment is coupled to the second radiating element. The second coupling segment is located on one side of the second feeding segment along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are opposite. The length of the second feed line is half a wavelength shorter than the length of the first feed line, so that the first radiating element and the second radiating element can radiate signals of equal amplitude and in phase.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first balun further includes a first conductive unit, which includes a first conductive sub-unit and a second conductive sub-unit arranged in parallel. The first radiating unit includes a first oscillator arm and a second oscillator arm. The first conductive sub-unit and the second conductive sub-unit are electrically connected to the first oscillator arm and the second oscillator arm, respectively. The first feed section is coupled to the first conductive sub-unit, and the first coupling section is coupled to the second conductive sub-unit, so that the first coupling section is indirectly coupled to the second oscillator arm.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second balun further includes a second conductive unit, which includes a third conductive subunit and a fourth conductive subunit arranged in parallel. The second radiating unit includes a third oscillator arm and a fourth oscillator arm. The third conductive subunit and the fourth conductive subunit are electrically connected to the third oscillator arm and the fourth oscillator arm, respectively. The second feed section is coupled to the fourth conductive subunit, and the second coupling section is coupled to the third conductive unit, so that the second coupling section is indirectly coupled to the third oscillator arm.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first and third oscillating arms are arranged in parallel, and the second and fourth oscillating arms are arranged in parallel.

5. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first conductive sub-unit is set at an angle to the first oscillator arm, the second conductive sub-unit is set at an angle to the second oscillator arm, the third conductive sub-unit is set at an angle to the third oscillator arm, and the fourth conductive sub-unit is set at an angle to the fourth oscillator arm.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna includes two first feed units and two second feed units. The first feed line includes a third feed line and a fourth feed line connected together. The second feed line includes a fifth feed line and a sixth feed line connected together. One end of the third feed line is connected to the two first feed units, and the other end of the third feed line is connected to the fourth feed line. One end of the fifth feed line is connected to the two second feed units, and the other end of the fifth feed line is connected to the sixth feed line. The third feed line and the fifth feed line are of equal length, and the length of the sixth feed line is less than the length of the fourth feed line.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna includes a first feed group, a second feed group, and a third feed group. Each of the first feed group, the second feed group, and the third feed group includes a first feed unit and a second feed unit. The length of the second feed line in each of the first feed group, the second feed group, and the third feed group is less than the length of the first feed line.

8. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The antenna includes two first feed units, two second feed units, and two first feed units arranged sequentially at intervals. Two adjacent second feed units form a fourth feed group, two adjacent first feed units form a fifth feed group, and another two adjacent first feed units form a sixth feed group. The third feed line in the fifth and sixth feed groups is of the same length as the fifth feed line in the fourth feed group, and the length of the sixth feed line in the fourth feed group is less than the length of the fourth feed line in the fifth and sixth feed groups.

9. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first balun includes two first feed structures intersecting in an "X" shape, and the second balun includes two second feed structures intersecting in an "X" shape. The first coupling segment of one of the two first feed structures is located on one side of the first feed segment along a first direction, and the first coupling segment of the other of the two first feed structures is located on one side of the first feed segment along a third direction. The second coupling segment of one of the two second feed structures is located on one side of the second feed segment along a second direction, and the second coupling segment of the other of the two second feed structures is located on one side of the second feed segment along a fourth direction, wherein the third direction is opposite to the fourth direction.

10. An antenna module, characterized in that, The antenna module includes a reflector and an antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the antenna is fixedly connected to the reflector.

11. A base station, characterized in that, The base station includes the antenna module as described in claim 10.

Images