A cutter head and a tunneling machine

Abstract

The application discloses a cutter head and a tunneling machine, which comprises a cutter head outer ring and a center panel, the center panel is provided with a center cutter group, a plurality of auxiliary arms are arranged between the center panel and the cutter head outer ring, the area between adjacent auxiliary arms is a free surface, a plurality of outer peripheral cutters are arranged on each auxiliary arm, and the cutting edges of the outer peripheral cutters form a rotary cutting surface in the radial direction and the axial direction. The application can reduce the vibration of the equipment, avoid abnormal damage conditions such as eccentric wear and blade collapse of the cutter, form a rotary cutting surface in the form of a three-dimensional space for the cutting edges of the outer peripheral cutters, form a cutting track in the form of a turbine blade, make the cutter head have a tendency of forward tunneling under the influence of the reaction force of the rock of the tunnel face, and simultaneously have a slag guiding function through the three-dimensional arrangement of the auxiliary arms and the outer peripheral cutters. Through the arrangement of the outer peripheral cutters in the form of a turbine blade, the free surface of the cutter head cutter during construction is increased, and the rock breaking efficiency is higher than that of rock breaking without a free surface or with one free surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring equipment technology, and in particular to a roller cutterhead and a tunnel boring machine. Background Technology

[0002] The cutterhead of a full-face tunneling machine (MTM) is simply called the cutterhead. Based on the shape of its working face, it can be divided into three types: planar, spherical, and truncated cone. A planar cutterhead consists of a planar surface and a circular arc transition surface. It has a simple structure, is relatively easy to manufacture, and allows for convenient cutter arrangement, making it suitable for rock tunnels with well-developed rock joints. However, it has poor stability during operation and is detrimental to the lifespan of the side cutters. A spherical cutterhead consists of a small planar surface, a spherical surface, and a circular arc transition surface. It is more stable during operation, with all cutters bearing the machine's shaking force, protecting the side cutters. However, it is complex to manufacture, has complicated cutter arrangement, and is prone to slag accumulation on the working face, leading to secondary crushing. A truncated cone cutterhead has a working face shape between planar and spherical, consisting of a planar surface, a conical surface, and a circular arc transition surface. In short, existing planar cutterheads suffer from poor stability during construction, leading to equipment vibration and abnormal damage such as uneven wear and chipping of the cutters. While spherical and truncated cone cutterheads offer better stability, they are prone to slag accumulation, resulting in poor slag removal at the tunnel face and secondary crushing, affecting rock breaking efficiency and construction progress. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a roller cutterhead and a tunneling machine, which solves the technical problem that the existing roller cutterheads suffer from low rock-breaking efficiency due to their own structural limitations, thus affecting the construction progress.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A cutterhead includes an outer ring, a central panel in the central region of the outer ring, a central cutterhead assembly on the central panel, and several auxiliary arms between the central panel and the outer ring. The area between adjacent auxiliary arms is an open surface. Each auxiliary arm has several peripheral cutters, the cutting edges of which form a rotary cutting surface in both the radial and axial directions. Designing the cutters on the cutterhead as an asymmetrical structure reduces equipment vibration and prevents abnormal damage such as uneven wear and chipping of the cutters. The three-dimensional rotary cutting surface of the peripheral cutters not only creates a turbine blade-like cutting trajectory, but also, due to the reaction force of the rock face, the cutterhead tends to advance forward. Furthermore, the three-dimensional arrangement, with the auxiliary arms and peripheral cutters simultaneously functioning as slag guides, increases the open surface excavated by the cutterhead cutters during construction, resulting in higher rock-breaking efficiency compared to rock breaking without an open surface or with only one open surface.

[0005] Furthermore, the edge contour of the auxiliary arm includes an inner circumferential edge connected to the center panel, a front radial edge adjacent to the front open surface, an outer circumferential edge connected to the outer ring of the cutterhead, and a rear radial edge adjacent to the rear open surface. The forward projection contours of the front and rear radial edges are both first helical lines, and the direction of rotation of the first helical lines is the same as the rotation direction of the cutterhead. Since both the front and rear radial edges are edges of the open surfaces, setting them to a helical shape with the same rotation direction as during construction can improve slag guiding capacity and further enhance slag discharge efficiency.

[0006] Furthermore, in the axial direction, the front radial edge is higher than the rear radial edge, the inner circumferential edge is higher than the outer circumferential edge, the front end face of the auxiliary arm is curved or flat, and the cutting edge position of the outer circumferential cutter changes three-dimensionally with the shape of the front end face of the panel. That is, the front radial edge is arranged ahead and the rear radial edge is arranged behind. The outer circumferential cutter near the front radial edge is convenient for crushing the unfallen soil, while the outer circumferential cutter near the rear radial edge is convenient for expelling the fallen soil through the gap between the working face and the auxiliary arm into the next open surface for discharge. With the inner circumferential edge arranged ahead and the outer circumferential edge arranged behind, the outer circumferential cutter near the inner circumferential edge can break the rock first, while the outer circumferential cutter near the outer circumferential edge can break the rock later. Thus, during construction, rotatable rock breaking is formed while the advanced rock breaking and the subsequent rock breaking are carried out simultaneously. It not only strengthens the axial forward movement trend, but also enables simultaneous rock breaking at different depths on the tunnel face. It can also break rocks ahead of time in the middle of the tunnel face to reduce the overall strength of the rock, which is convenient for subsequent rock breaking by the outer peripheral roller cutter with a lower blade height, further improving rock breaking efficiency, rock breaking capacity and slag removal efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, regardless of whether the front end face of the auxiliary arm is curved or flat, by designing the positional relationship between the auxiliary arm, the center panel, and the outer ring of the cutter head, the front end face of the auxiliary arm can be constructed as a rotary cutting surface. A uniformly sized peripheral hob can then be directly installed on the cantilever, creating rotary cutting surfaces in both the radial and axial directions. This simplifies the types of components, standardizes hob specifications, saves manufacturing, installation, and maintenance costs, and improves assembly and maintenance efficiency, further enhancing construction efficiency.

[0008] Alternatively, the front end face of the auxiliary arm in the axial direction can be a planar structure perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head. The cutting edge of the outer peripheral hob forms an arc-shaped rotary cutting surface in both the radial and axial directions through hobs of different specifications and / or hob holders of different specifications and / or hob holders at different axial positions. This simplifies the structure of the auxiliary arm, eliminating the need for a rotary cutting structure and allowing the rotary cutting surface to be constructed using more conveniently processed components.

[0009] Furthermore, the line connecting the positions of the outer circumferential cutters on the auxiliary arm in the radial direction forms an arc, and the line connecting the cutting edges of the outer circumferential cutters forms a second helix, the direction of which is the same as the rotation direction of the cutterhead. That is, the cutting edges of the outer circumferential cutters not only form a rotary cutting surface in the circumferential direction but also in the radial direction. This facilitates centripetal construction by the cutterhead, improving its stability, and also allows for the discharge of rock debris to the outer periphery during construction, perfectly matching the larger external surface, further enhancing the debris discharge capacity and efficiency.

[0010] Furthermore, the second spiral is a three-dimensional spiral, meaning that not only do the cutting edges of all the outer peripheral cutters on the cantilever form a spiral cutting surface in both the radial and axial directions, but the connecting lines of the cutting edges of each row of outer peripheral cutters in the radial direction can also form a three-dimensional spiral, further enhancing the rock-breaking efficiency and slag removal capacity.

[0011] Furthermore, the auxiliary arm is equipped with at least two sets of peripheral hobs, and the cutting edge lines of each set of peripheral hobs form the second helix. The multiple sets of peripheral hobs on the auxiliary arm not only increase the number of cutting edges but also increase the number of swirling cutting layers in the circumferential direction, further improving rock-breaking and slag-removing capabilities.

[0012] Furthermore, the various peripheral hobs set on the same auxiliary arm have different cutting trajectories, which increases the number of cutting edges in the radial direction, as well as the number of rotary cutting layers and coverage, further improving the rock breaking ability and slag removal ability.

[0013] Furthermore, the cutting edge height of the central cutter group is higher than that of the outer peripheral cutter group. This not only enables pre-breaking and subsequent rock breaking during the operation of the outer peripheral cutter group, but also enables pre-breaking and subsequent rock breaking between the central cutter group and the outer peripheral cutter group. It can start from the center of the tunnel face and simultaneously break rocks at different depths ring by ring on the tunnel face. Before the rotary cutting begins, the central cutter group performs a brief rock breaking operation, further ensuring the stability of the equipment during the initial contact stage of rock breaking.

[0014] Furthermore, the central cutter group includes a central cutter with its blade perpendicular to the tunnel face and a transition cutter with its blade inclined to the tunnel face. The blade height of the central cutter is higher than that of the transition cutter. Since the initial rock-breaking stage in the early stage of rock breaking is short and has a relatively small impact, setting the central cutter group in a height difference configuration can further enhance rock-breaking capability and efficiency, and also improve the continuity of rock breaking between the central cutter group and the outer peripheral cutters.

[0015] Alternatively, the cutting edge height of the central roller cutter group is lower than that of the outer roller cutter group. Under the premise that the outer roller cutter group achieves both pre-breaking and subsequent rock breaking, pre-breaking and subsequent rock breaking are also achieved between the central and outer roller cutter groups. The outer roller cutter group contacts the tunnel face before the central roller cutter group, and synchronously breaks rock at different depths on the tunnel face ring by ring. The outer roller cutter group begins partial rotary cutting first, followed by the central roller cutter group starting rock breaking.

[0016] Furthermore, the central cutterhead assembly includes a central cutterhead with its blade perpendicular to the tunnel face and a transition cutterhead with its blade inclined to the tunnel face. The blade height of the central cutterhead is lower than that of the transition cutterhead. This further ensures the stability of the equipment during the initial contact stage of rock breaking and the stability of the entire process before all the cutterhead cutters fully contact the tunnel face. Simultaneously, after all the cutterhead cutters have fully contacted the tunnel face and broken the rock, the tunnel face becomes a truncated cone shape, and the blades form multiple curved segments in the radial direction, ensuring excavation efficiency while also guaranteeing the stability of the equipment and the soil.

[0017] Furthermore, the center hob includes a first center hob group and a second center hob group arranged crosswise on the center panel via a cross-shaped cutter beam, and the transition hob is disposed at the end of the first center hob group and / or the end of the second center hob group and / or the four shoulders of the cross-shaped cutter beam.

[0018] A tunneling machine includes the aforementioned cutterhead. The rotary drive system of the tunneling machine is connected to the central panel. During construction, the central panel, auxiliary arm, and outer ring of the cutterhead rotate synchronously under the drive of the rotary drive system. The cutting edges of the cutters form a three-dimensional spiral cutting surface, creating a turbine blade-like cutting trajectory. The outer peripheral cutters are affected by the reaction force of the rock at the working face, causing the cutterhead to have a forward tunneling tendency. Moreover, the three-dimensional arrangement, with the auxiliary arm and outer peripheral cutters simultaneously having a muck-guiding function, increases the open surface excavated by the cutterhead cutters during construction, resulting in higher rock-breaking efficiency compared to rock breaking without an open surface or with only one open surface.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this invention include:

[0020] (1) Design each hob on the cutter head as an asymmetrical structure, which can reduce the vibration of the equipment and avoid abnormal damage such as uneven wear and chipping of the hob;

[0021] (2) The cutting edge of the roller cutter on the cutterhead forms a three-dimensional rotary cutting surface. The roller cutter is affected by the reaction force of the rock at the working face, which makes the cutterhead have a tendency to advance forward. Moreover, the three-dimensional arrangement of the auxiliary arm and the outer roller cutter has the function of guiding slag.

[0022] (3) The number of open surfaces constructed between the auxiliary arms increases, which has higher rock breaking efficiency compared to rock breaking without an open surface or with only one open surface. Moreover, the front radial edge and the rear radial edge of the auxiliary arm are both first spiral lines, which further improves the slag guiding effect.

[0023] (4) The central cutter group itself, the central cutter group and the outer cutter group, and the outer cutter group itself all constitute a progressive rock-breaking structure, which enables the equipment to remain stable and rock-breaking efficiently during both the contact stage with the tunnel face and the full contact stage. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a front view of the hobbing cutter head in this invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A simulation diagram of excavation using a rotary cutterhead;

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 1. Outer ring of the cutter head; 101. Front end face; 102. Inner wall face;

[0029] 2. Center panel;

[0030] 301, Center hob; 302, Transition hob; 303, Cross-shaped cutter beam;

[0031] 4. Auxiliary arm, 401. Inner circumferential edge, 402. Front radial edge, 403. Outer circumferential edge, 404. Rear radial edge, 405. Mounting groove;

[0032] 5. Outer circumferential hobbing cutter; 6. Air-supported surface; 7. Outer circumferential hobbing cutter holder; 8. Center hobbing cutter holder; 9. Working face; 10. Multi-curved busbar. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: A hobbing cutter head, such as Figure 1As shown, the device includes an outer ring 1 of the cutter head, which forms the skeletal framework of the cutter head and provides support. A central panel 2 is located in the central area of ​​the outer ring 1. The rear end of the central panel 2 is connected to a rotary drive system, and a central hob assembly is located on the front end of the central panel 2. Several auxiliary arms 4 are positioned between the central panel 2 and the outer ring 1, with an open surface 6 between adjacent auxiliary arms 4. Each auxiliary arm 4 has several peripheral hobs 5. The cutting edge height of each peripheral hob 5 is higher than the front end face 101 of the outer ring 1. Figure 2 As shown, the cutting edges of the outer peripheral cutter 5 form a rotary cutting surface in both the radial and axial directions. When using this cutter head to break rock, the central cutter head assembly and the outer peripheral cutter work together on the face to form a full-section rotary cutting rock breaking.

[0035] The cutters on the cutterhead are designed with an asymmetrical structure, which reduces equipment vibration and prevents abnormal damage such as uneven wear and chipping. The outer circumferential cutter 5 has its cutting edge arranged in a three-dimensional spiral cutting surface, which not only forms a turbine blade-like cutting trajectory, but also, due to the reaction force of the rock face, makes the cutterhead as a whole tend to advance forward, reducing the active thrust while ensuring the rock breaking effect. The three-dimensional arrangement of the cutting edges, along with the auxiliary arm 4 and the outer circumferential cutter 5, also has the function of guiding slag. The turbine blade-like arrangement of the outer circumferential cutter 5 increases the free surface excavated by the cutterhead cutters during construction, resulting in higher rock breaking efficiency compared to rock breaking with no free surface or only one free surface.

[0036] In specific implementations, the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas occupied by the auxiliary arm 4 and the central panel 2 to the cross-sectional area occupied by the overhead surface 6 can be 3:1 to 1:1. In this embodiment, five auxiliary arms 4 are arranged between the central panel 2 and the outer ring 1 of the cutter head. The five auxiliary arms 4 are distributed at equal angles around the central panel 2, and the aforementioned cross-sectional area ratio is 1.2:1. This not only facilitates slag guidance but also utilizes an odd number of auxiliary arms 4. While the various cutters are asymmetrically arranged, the auxiliary arms 4 also form an asymmetrical structure.

[0037] Specifically, the edge contour of the auxiliary arm 4 includes an inner circumferential edge 401 connected to the central panel 2, a front radial edge 402 adjacent to the front open surface 6, an outer circumferential edge 403 connected to the outer ring 1 of the cutter head, and a rear radial edge 404 adjacent to the rear open surface 6. The inner circumferential edge 401 is welded to the central panel 2, and the outer circumferential edge 403 is welded to the inner wall surface 102 of the outer ring 1 of the cutter head. The forward projection contours of the front radial edge 402 and the rear radial edge 404 are both first helical lines, and the direction of rotation of the first helical line is the same as the rotation direction of the cutter head. The welded part of the outer circumferential edge 403 of the auxiliary arm 4 and the inner wall surface 102 also forms a columnar helical structure in space, and its helical direction is also the same as the rotation direction of the cutter head. The front radial edge 402 and the rear radial edge 404 of the auxiliary arm 4 are both edges of the open surface 6. Setting them as helical shapes with the same rotation direction as during construction can improve the slag guiding capacity and further improve the slag discharge efficiency.

[0038] Furthermore, in the axial direction, the front radial edge 402 is higher than the rear radial edge 404, the inner circumferential edge 401 is higher than the outer circumferential edge 403, the front end face of the auxiliary arm 4 is curved or flat, and the auxiliary arm 4 is provided with a mounting groove 405 for mounting the outer circumferential cutter 5. The outer circumferential cutter 5 of the same specification is mounted in the mounting groove 405 of the same specification through the outer circumferential cutter seat 7 of the same specification. The cutting edge position of the outer circumferential cutter 5 changes three-dimensionally with the shape of the front end face of the auxiliary arm 4. That is, the front radial edge 402 is arranged ahead and the rear radial edge 404 is arranged behind. The front radial edge 402 and the outer circumferential cutter 5 near the front radial edge 402 facilitate the compaction of the unfallen soil, and the rear radial edge 404 and the outer circumferential cutter 5 near the rear radial edge 404 facilitate the discharge of the fallen soil through the gap between the working face and the auxiliary arm 4 into the next open surface 6.

[0039] With the inner circumferential edge 401 positioned ahead and the outer circumferential edge 403 positioned behind, the outer circumferential cutter 5 near the inner circumferential edge 401 can break the rock first, while the outer circumferential cutter 5 near the outer circumferential edge 403 can break the rock subsequently. Thus, during construction, cycloidal rock breaking is achieved simultaneously with both advanced and subsequent rock breaking, resulting in an arc-shaped cycloidal cutting surface. This strengthens the axial forward movement trend and enables simultaneous rock breaking at different depths on the tunnel face. Advanced rock breaking in the middle of the tunnel face reduces the overall rock strength, facilitating subsequent rock breaking by the outer circumferential cutter 5 with its lower blade height, further improving rock breaking efficiency, rock breaking capacity, and slag removal efficiency.

[0040] Furthermore, regardless of whether the front end face of the auxiliary arm 4 is curved or flat, by designing the positional relationship between the auxiliary arm 4, the center panel 2, and the outer ring 1 of the cutter head, the front end face of the auxiliary arm 4 can be constructed as a rotary cutting surface. A uniformly sized outer peripheral hob 5 can then be directly installed on the cantilever 4, thus creating rotary cutting surfaces in both the radial and axial directions. Preferably, the front end face of the auxiliary arm 4 is designed as curved, which allows for the creation of an arc-shaped rotary cutting surface. This simplifies the types of components, standardizes the hob specifications, saves manufacturing, installation, and maintenance costs, and improves assembly and maintenance efficiency, further enhancing construction efficiency.

[0041] Example 2 provides a hobbing cutter head, which differs from Example 1 in that the front radial edge 402 is higher than the rear radial edge 404 and the inner circumferential edge 401 is higher than the outer circumferential edge 403 in the axial direction. Instead, the front end face of the auxiliary arm 4 is designed as a planar structure perpendicular to the cutter head axis in the axial direction. The cutting edge of the outer circumferential hob 5 forms a rotary cutting surface in both the radial and axial directions through hobs of different specifications and / or hob seats of different specifications and / or hob seats 7 at different axial positions. Preferably, a rotary cutting surface is constructed. This simplifies the structure of the auxiliary arm 4, eliminating the need for a rotary cutting structure and allowing for the construction of the rotary cutting surface using more conveniently processed components.

[0042] Specifically, the line connecting the positions of the outer circumferential cutters 5 on the auxiliary arm 4 in the radial direction forms an arc, and the line connecting the cutting edges of the outer circumferential cutters 5 forms a second helix, the direction of which is the same as the rotation direction of the cutterhead. That is, the cutting edges of the outer circumferential cutters 5 not only form a rotary cutting surface in the circumferential direction but also in the radial direction. This facilitates centripetal construction of the cutterhead, improving its stability, and also allows for the discharge of rock debris to the outer periphery during construction, perfectly matching the larger external surface 6, further enhancing the debris discharge capacity and efficiency.

[0043] Furthermore, the second spiral is a three-dimensional spiral, meaning that not only do the cutting edges of all the outer peripheral cutters 5 on the cantilever 4 form a spiral cutting surface in both the radial and axial directions, but the connecting lines of the cutting edges of each row of outer peripheral cutters 5 in the radial direction can also form a three-dimensional spiral, further enhancing the rock-breaking efficiency and slag removal capacity.

[0044] Furthermore, the auxiliary arm 4 is provided with at least two sets of outer circumferential cutters 5, and the cutting edge lines of each set of outer circumferential cutters 5 form the second helix. The provision of multiple sets of outer circumferential cutters 5 on the auxiliary arm 4 not only increases the number of cutting edges, but also increases the number of swirling cutting layers in the circumferential direction, further improving the rock breaking ability and slag removal ability.

[0045] Furthermore, the various peripheral hobs 5 set on the same auxiliary arm 4 have different cutting trajectories, which increases the number of cutting edges in the radial direction, as well as the number of rotary cutting layers and coverage, further improving the rock breaking ability and slag removal ability.

[0046] The other structures in this embodiment are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0047] Example 3: A rotary cutter head, wherein the cutting edge height of the central rotary cutter group is higher than that of the outer peripheral rotary cutter 5. This not only enables pre-breaking and subsequent rock breaking during the operation of the outer peripheral rotary cutter 5, but also enables pre-breaking and subsequent rock breaking between the central rotary cutter group and the outer peripheral rotary cutter 5. It can start from the center of the working face and synchronously break rock at different depths ring by ring at the working face. Before rotary cutting begins, the central rotary cutter group performs a brief rock breaking first, further ensuring the stability of the equipment in the early contact stage of rock breaking.

[0048] Furthermore, the central cutter group includes a central cutter 301 with its blade perpendicular to the tunnel face and a transition cutter 302 with its blade inclined to the tunnel face. The blade height of the central cutter 301 is higher than that of the transition cutter 302. Since the initial rock-breaking stage in the early stage of rock breaking is short and has little impact, setting the central cutter group in a height difference configuration can further enhance rock-breaking ability and efficiency, and also improve the continuity of rock breaking between the central cutter group and the outer peripheral cutters 5.

[0049] Furthermore, a cross-shaped cutter beam 303 is provided on the central panel 2. The central hob 301 includes a first central hob group and a second central hob group intersecting on the cross-shaped cutter beam 303. The transition hob 302 is provided at the end of the first central hob group and / or the end of the second central hob group and / or the four shoulders of the cross-shaped cutter beam 303. Both the central hob 301 and the transition hob 302 are positioned at corresponding locations via the central hob seat 8.

[0050] The other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1 or 2.

[0051] Example 4: A hobbing cutter head, which is the opposite of Example 3 in that the cutting edge height of the central hobbing cutter group is designed to be higher than that of the outer peripheral hobbing cutter 5, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the cutting edge height of the central cutter group is set lower than that of the outer cutter group 5. Under the premise that the outer cutter group 5 achieves pre-breaking and subsequent rock breaking, pre-breaking and subsequent rock breaking are also achieved between the central cutter group and the outer cutter group 5. The outer cutter group 5 contacts the tunnel face 9 before the central cutter group, and synchronously breaks rock at different depths on the tunnel face 9 ring by ring. The outer cutter group 5 begins partial rotary cutting first, followed by the central cutter group. This further ensures the stability of the equipment during the initial contact stage of rock breaking and the stability of the entire process before the cutter head cutters fully contact the tunnel face. Furthermore, after the cutter head cutters fully contact the tunnel face 9 and break the rock, the tunnel face is generally truncated cone-shaped, and the cutting edges form a multi-curved generatrix 10 in the radial direction, ensuring excavation efficiency while also ensuring the stability of the equipment and the soil.

[0052] The other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, 2, or 3.

[0053] Example 5: A tunneling machine, which can be a cantilever tunneling machine or a full-face tunneling machine, both include the aforementioned cutterhead. The rotary drive system of the tunneling machine is connected to the central panel 2. During construction, under the drive of the rotary drive system, the central panel 2, the auxiliary arm 4, and the outer ring 1 of the cutterhead rotate synchronously. The cutting edges of the cutterhead form a three-dimensional spatial spiral cutting surface, creating a turbine blade-like cutting trajectory. The outer peripheral cutter 5 is affected by the reaction force of the rock at the working face, causing the cutterhead to have a forward tunneling tendency. Moreover, the three-dimensional arrangement, with the auxiliary arm 4 and the outer peripheral cutter 5 simultaneously having a muck-guiding function, increases the open surface excavated by the cutterhead cutterhead during construction. Compared with rock breaking without an open surface or with only one open surface, it has a higher rock breaking efficiency.

[0054] The structure of the hobbing cutter head in this embodiment is the same as that described in any one of embodiments 1-3.

[0055] All aspects not detailed in this invention are conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hobbing cutter head, characterized in that: Includes a cutter head outer ring (1), a central panel (2) is provided in the central area of ​​the cutter head outer ring (1), a central hob group is provided on the central panel (2), a number of auxiliary arms (4) are provided between the central panel (2) and the cutter head outer ring (1), the area between adjacent auxiliary arms (4) is an air surface (6), a number of peripheral hobs (5) are provided on each auxiliary arm (4), and the cutting edge of the peripheral hob (5) forms a rotary cutting surface in the radial direction and the axial direction; The edge contour of the auxiliary arm (4) includes an inner circumferential edge (401) connected to the central panel (2), a front radial edge (402) adjacent to the front open surface (6), an outer circumferential edge (403) connected to the outer ring (1) of the cutter head, and a rear radial edge (404) adjacent to the rear open surface (6). The forward projection contour lines of the front radial edge (402) and the rear radial edge (404) are both first spiral lines, and the spiral direction of the first spiral line is the same as the rotation direction of the cutter head. In the axial direction, the front radial edge (402) is higher than the rear radial edge (404), the inner circumferential edge (401) is higher than the outer circumferential edge (403), the front end face of the auxiliary arm (4) is curved or flat, and the cutting edge position of the outer circumferential hob (5) changes three-dimensionally with the shape of the front end face of the panel.

2. The hobbing cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end face of the auxiliary arm (4) in the axial direction is a planar structure perpendicular to the axial direction of the cutter head. The cutting edge of the outer peripheral hob (5) forms an arc-shaped rotary cutting surface in the radial and axial directions through hobs of different specifications or / and hob seats of different specifications or / and hob seats in different axial positions.

3. The hobbing cutter head according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The line connecting the positions of the outer peripheral hob (5) on the auxiliary arm (4) in the radial direction is arc-shaped, and the line connecting the cutting edges of the outer peripheral hob (5) is a second spiral line, the direction of the second spiral line is the same as the rotation direction of the cutter head.

4. The hobbing cutter head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second spiral is a three-dimensional spiral.

5. The hobbing cutter head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary arm (4) is provided with at least two sets of peripheral hobs (5), and the cutting edge line of each set of peripheral hobs (5) forms the second spiral line.

6. The hobbing cutter head according to any one of claims 1-2 and 4-5, characterized in that: Each peripheral hob (5) set on the same auxiliary arm (4) has a different cutting trajectory.

7. The hobbing cutter head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cutting edge height of the central hob group is higher than that of the outer peripheral hob (5).

8. The hobbing cutter head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The central hobbing cutter group includes a central hobbing cutter (301) with its blade perpendicular to the working face and a transition hobbing cutter (302) with its blade inclined to the working face. The blade height of the central hobbing cutter (301) is higher than that of the transition hobbing cutter (302).

9. The hobbing cutter head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cutting edge height of the central hob group is lower than that of the outer peripheral hob (5).

10. The hobbing cutter head according to claim 9, characterized in that: The central hobbing cutter group includes a central hobbing cutter (301) with its blade perpendicular to the working face and a transition hobbing cutter (302) with its blade inclined to the working face. The blade height of the central hobbing cutter (301) is lower than that of the transition hobbing cutter (302).

11. The hobbing cutter head according to claim 8 or 10, characterized in that: The central hob (301) includes a first central hob group and a second central hob group arranged crosswise on the central panel (2) via a cross-shaped cutter beam (303), and the transition hob (302) is disposed at the end of the first central hob group and / or the end of the second central hob group and / or the four shoulders of the cross-shaped cutter beam (303).

12. A tunneling machine, characterized in that: Includes the cutterhead as described in any one of claims 1-11, wherein the rotary drive system of the tunneling machine is connected to the center panel (2).

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